CN106458380B - Safe closure member - Google Patents
Safe closure member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106458380B CN106458380B CN201680001381.2A CN201680001381A CN106458380B CN 106458380 B CN106458380 B CN 106458380B CN 201680001381 A CN201680001381 A CN 201680001381A CN 106458380 B CN106458380 B CN 106458380B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tubular sleeve
- closure member
- annular protrusion
- tubular
- bottle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004425 Makrolon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 28
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D49/00—Arrangements or devices for preventing refilling of containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
- B65D55/06—Deformable or tearable wires, strings, or strips; Use of seals, e.g. destructible locking pins
- B65D55/08—Annular elements encircling container necks
- B65D55/0863—Plastic snap-on cap-like collars having frangible parts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to safe closure members, are used for bottle, and bottle has the neck (14) terminated with opening, around opening shape at outwardly directed ring edge, and limit the radial adjacency section (22) opposite with being open.Closure member is suitable for being fixed to the necks (14) of bottle (15), and includes the cap (3) of the one end (5) toppled over ontology (1), be connected to tubular sleeve (6) via atenuator region (4), for by cap (3) and toppling over screw thread (8), first annular protrusion (12), the second annular protrusion (17), tubular insert (18) that ontology (1) connect.Tubular sleeve (6) includes annular recess (25), annular recess, which extends radially into the thickness S of the wall of tubular sleeve, reaches depth P, and axially extends at least length L towards atenuator region (4) from the second annular protrusion (17) of tubular sleeve (18).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to safe closure member, which is used for bottle, this bottle is had the neck terminated with opening, opened around this
Mouth forms outwardly directed ring edge, and limits the radial adjacency section opposite with being open.
Background technology
Safe closure member may include：Topple over ontology with flange；Cap in the form of capsule, the cap is via atenuator region
It is connected to one end of the tubular sleeve with pre-determined inner diameter D and wall thickness S, another end opening of the tubular sleeve；For that will be in
The cap of the form of capsule and the screw thread toppled over ontology and connect；Top that is radially projecting from the inner wall of sleeve and being axially located in flange
First annular protrusion；It T's and is axially located between open end and atenuator region from the inner wall of sleeve radially projecting length
Second annular protrusion, the second protrusion limit circular channel, which has predetermined diameter D1；For safe closure member to be protected
The tubular insert on bottle is held, which is located at the inside of sleeve, and has base in the longitudinal cross-section of the wall of insertion piece
This C-shaped portion, the generally c-shaped part have core and two wings, described two wings be designed to respectively with topple over the convex of ontology
It edge and is engaged with the adjacency section of bottleneck, which also has axial continuation, wherein at least axially extending at this
At partial free open end, axial continuation have the predetermined outer diameter D2 bigger than D1, free open end axially engage to
By the second annular protrusion of the tubular sleeve.
Safe closure member as defined above is well known in the art, one example is described in GB2302867
With show.
No matter their satisfactory resistances to drawing deblocking part and the trial for removing closure member from bottleneck, find this
Some in a little closure members have intrinsic weak insertion piece, which is usually made of makrolon, and is placed on bottle
It the outer surface of neck and is connected between the tubular sleeve of capsule cap.
It is designed to apply the major part of the effect for the removal for opposing entire closure member due to this insertion piece, this
Any reduction (for example, due to even microdefect or crackle in the wall of tubular insert) of the structure of insertion piece may have
Fatal influence, and allow to remove closure member from bottleneck drawing, and especially for the bottle containing valuable spirits, allow by
Bottle content is substituted with some other low quality contents.
Recognized in the possibility that defect or crackle may usually occur in the insertion piece made of plastic material as described above
To be related to closure member assembling process, during the closure member assembling process, insertion piece is assembled to set in an axial direction from its open end
In cylinder, and to be pushed to capsule cap at a high speed.
During the axial assembly movement of the tubular insert, which must move by the second of sleeve
Protrusion (once positioning is completed, the free end of insertion piece will be sat in an axial direction puts against second internal projection), and this will be in tubulose
Occur when the flexible deformation of insertion piece, the flexible deformation of tubular insert is by radial contraction first can pass through by the of sleeve
The opening that two protrusions limit, it is then radially expanded, take the free edge of tubular insert to axis with above-mentioned second protrusion
To interference.
Although tubular sleeve and insertion piece can be formed by following size, the size make be selected for tubulose insert
Enter to maintain the above-mentioned deformation needed for assembling closure member in the elastic range of the material of part, but it is practically impossible to avoid in insertion piece
Crackle is formed in material, therefore crackle is formed in insertion piece material will weaken the structure of closure member and cause closure member may quilt
The risk gone is pulled up from bottleneck.
Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to：By ensure for assembling closure member process (and especially for assembling tubulose
The process of insertion piece) elastic deformation level reduced will be related to, and ensure to prevent to form crackle or extremely in insertion piece
The risk that major general substantially reduces crackle applies closure member by insertion piece when insertion piece is placed in closure member without influencing
Anti- drawing go effect validity, to exclude drawbacks described above.
Invention content
As better explained hereafter, these and other objects are realized by a kind of safe closure member.The safe closure member
For bottle, the bottle has the neck terminated with opening, and outwardly directed ring edge is formed around the opening, and limit with it is described
Be open opposite radial adjacency section, wherein the closure member is suitable for being fixed to the neck of the bottle, and the safety
Closure member includes：Topple over ontology, it is described to topple over ontology with flange；Cap in the form of capsule, the cap is via atenuator region quilt
It is connected to one end of the tubular sleeve with internal diameter D and wall thickness S, the other end of the tubular sleeve is opening；Screw thread, it is described
Screw thread be used to that the cap in the form of capsule is toppled over ontology and connect with described；First annular protrusion, it is described first annular convex
Rise radially projecting from the inner wall of the tubular sleeve, and the first annular protrusion is axially located in the upper of the flange
Side；Second annular protrusion, the radially projecting length T of the inner wall of second annular protrusion from the tubular sleeve, and
Second annular protrusion is axially located between the other end and the atenuator region, and second annular protrusion limits circle
Shape channel, the circular channel have diameter D1；Tubular insert, the tubular insert are used to protect the safe closure member
It holds on the bottle, the tubular insert is located at the inside of the tubular sleeve, and in the wall of the tubular insert
There is generally c-shaped part, the generally c-shaped part there is core and two wings, described two wings to be designed in longitudinal cross-section
It is engaged respectively with the flange for toppling over ontology and with the radial adjacency section of the bottleneck, the tubular insert
Also there is axial continuation, wherein at least at the free open end of the axial continuation, the axial continuation
With the outer diameter D 2 bigger than D1, the free open end is engaged with second annular protrusion of the tubular sleeve in an axial direction,
It is characterized in that the tubular sleeve includes annular recess, the annular recess extends radially into the wall of the tubular sleeve
Reach depth P in thickness S, and the annular recess is from second annular protrusion of the tubular sleeve towards the reduction
Region axially extends at least length L.
Description of the drawings
Now with reference to being provided by way of illustration and not by way of limitation and the preferred embodiment being shown in the accompanying drawings is more detailed
The present invention carefully is described, wherein：
- Fig. 1 show the safe closure member of the present invention assembled and when being assemblied on the neck of bottle partial lateral and
Longitdinal cross-section diagram；
Fig. 2 shows be assembled together in embodiment the present invention closure member tubular sleeve, topple over ontology and
The partial lateral and longitdinal cross-section diagram of insertion piece, the wherein wing rigid attachment of the C-shaped of insertion piece to the flange for toppling over ontology；
- Fig. 3 shows that the partial lateral and longitdinal cross-section diagram of the amplification of tubular sleeve, wherein its capsule cap pass through weakening region
Domain is connected to tubular sleeve；
- Fig. 4 shows the enlarged drawing close to the part of the second annular protrusion of the wall of tubular sleeve；And
- Fig. 5 shows the enlarged drawing of the details of Fig. 1, and the wing of the wherein C-shaped of insertion piece, which is connected to, topples over the convex of ontology
Edge.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to above-mentioned attached drawing, safe closure member of the invention include there is flange 2 topple over ontology 1, in the form of capsule
Cap 3, the cap 3 are connected to one end 5 of tubular sleeve 6 via atenuator region 4.
Both wall of the tubular sleeve 6 with internal diameter D and with thickness S there is basis to be designed to equipped with closure member
Bottle size predetermined value.
The other end 7 of tubular sleeve 6 is opening.
Screw thread 8 and matched screw thread 9 be designed to by the cap 3 in the form of capsule reversibly with topple over ontology 1 and connect
It connects.
Cap 10 is assembled on capsule cap 3, between conventional axial rib 11,11a intervention caps 10 and capsule cap 3, to ensure
Any angular movement of cap 10 will be passed to following cap 3.
First annular raised 12 are formed on the inside of tubular sleeve 6, when closure member is assembled and is assemblied in the neck 14 of bottle
When upper, the position of flange 2 of ontology 1 was toppled in covering in an axial direction, this is first annular raised 12 from the inner wall 13 of tubular sleeve 6
Radially projecting, in Fig. 1, bottle is schematically denoted as 15, and sealing device (being generally designated as 16) is intervened in bottle 15.
The inner wall 13 of formation from tubular sleeve 6 is radially projecting in axial position between open end 7 and atenuator region 4
The second annular protrusion 17 of length T.
Second annular protrusion 17 limits the circular channel with predetermined diameter D1.
The closure member further includes tubular insert, be labeled as 18, the neck 14 for safe closure member to be maintained to bottle, and
And prevent the removal of safe closure member distorting the in the case of of attempting.
Tubular insert 18 is located at the inside of tubular sleeve 6, and has in the longitudinal cross-section of the wall in tubular insert 18
There is generally c-shaped part, which has core 19 and two wings 20 and 21.The wing 20 of the C-shaped of insertion piece 18 is coupled
It to toppling over the flange 2 of ontology, and is connected to the flange 2 for toppling over ontology to form single ontology, thus insertion piece 18 and topples over
Ontology 1 is made of identical material.The wing 21 is designed to engage with the adjacency section of the neck of bottle 15 14 22.
Tubular insert 18 also has axial continuation 23, at least at the free open end 24 of the axial continuation 23
Place, axial continuation 23 have the predetermined outer diameter D2 bigger than D1.
When assembling closure member, end 24 is designed to axially engage the second annular protrusion 17 against tubular sleeve 6.
The free end 24 of extension 23 preferably forms zigzag by the presence for the tooth 29 being distributed with aturegularaintervals, so as to will be free
End 24 is firmly anchored in the second annular protrusion 17.
According to the present invention, tubular sleeve 6 includes annular recess 25, which extends radially into tubular sleeve 6
Wall thickness S in reach depth P.
Recess portion 25 is also from the second annular protrusion 17 of tubular sleeve 6 towards the weakening region that tubular sleeve 6 is connected to capsule cap 9
Domain 4 axially extends at least length L.
According to the present invention, due to there are annular recess 25 on the wall of tubular sleeve 6 can in the fast upstream of protrusion 17
To increase the value of diameter D1, and the access portal for being accordingly used in insertion piece 18 can be extended, and the protrusion length T of protrusion 17
It can be maintained substantially constant.
The expansion of access portal can be limited advantageously is assembled into tubular sleeve together when insertion piece 18 with ontology 1 is toppled over
The flexible deformation of insertion piece 18 when in 6.
By reducing the increase for the diameter D1 that the second protrusion 17 is obtained from the protruding for wall of tubular sleeve 6 by recess portion 25
The depth P that is generally corresponding to is provided to compensate, this will ensure that the end 24 of insertion piece 18 be designed to must be bigger than D1 diameter D2
Against recess portion 25 substantially constant protrusion length T.
According to construction example, closure member is formed with tubular sleeve 6, which has the diameter D of 30.50mm, by
The access portal for insertion piece 18 of the contour limit for the second annular protrusion 17 being projected into tubular sleeve 6 is formed with
The diameter D1 of 29.50mm, the insertion piece 18 for the diameter D2 with 31.60mm.
Recess portion 25 is formed with：The radial depth P of 0.15mm from the inner wall 13 of tubular sleeve 6；It is grown with the axial direction of 2mm
Spend L.
Fig. 5 shows the interference (being 0.40mm in the construction example) of insertion piece 18 and the wall of tubular sleeve 6.Do not having
Recess portion 25 and in the case of confirmed all other constructing variable of closure member, this interference will be 0.55mm.Therefore, recess portion
Authorize the value for increasing diameter D1 and therefore expand the access portal for insertion piece 18, at the same the internal diameter D and thickness S of sleeve 6 with
And therefore the outer diameter of sleeve 6 will remain unchanged.When closure member is designed on cracked same bottle in use, i.e. when envelope
When the profile of closing member and bottle component must remain unchanged, this possibility is vital.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of safe closure member, the safe closure member is used for bottle (15), and the bottle (15) has the neck terminated with opening
(14), outwardly directed ring edge is formed around the opening, and limits the radial adjacency section (22) opposite with the opening,
Described in closure member be suitable for being fixed to the neck (14) of the bottle, and the safe closure member includes：
Topple over ontology (1), it is described to topple over ontology (1) with flange (2)；
Cap (3) in the form of capsule, the cap (3) are connected to the tubulose with internal diameter D and wall thickness S via atenuator region (4)
The other end (7) of one end (5) of sleeve (6), the tubular sleeve (6) is opening；
Screw thread (8), the screw thread (8) be used to that the cap (3) in the form of capsule is toppled over ontology (1) and connect with described；
First annular protrusion (12), first annular raised (12) are radially dashed forward from the inner wall (13) of the tubular sleeve (6)
Go out, and first annular raised (12) are axially located in the top of the flange (2)；
- the second annular protrusion (17), second annular protrusion (17) is from the inner wall (13) of the tubular sleeve (6) along diameter
To prominent length T, and second annular protrusion (17) is axially located in the other end (7) and the atenuator region (4)
Between, second annular protrusion (17) limits circular channel, and the circular channel has diameter D1；
Tubular insert (18), the tubular insert (18) is used to the safe closure member being maintained at the bottle, described
Tubular insert (18) is located at the inside of the tubular sleeve (6), and is cut in the longitudinal direction of the wall of the tubular insert (18)
There is generally c-shaped part in face, the generally c-shaped part has core (19) and two wings (20,21), the described two wings (20,
21) it is designed to described radial adjacent with the flange (2) for toppling over ontology (1) and with the bottleneck (14) respectively
Socket part (22) engages, and the tubular insert (18) also has axial continuation (23), wherein at least described axially extending
Partly at the free open end (24) of (23), the axial continuation (23) has the outer diameter D 2 bigger than D1, described freely to open
Mouth end (24) is engaged with second annular protrusion (17) of the tubular sleeve (6) in an axial direction,
It is characterized in that the tubular sleeve (6) includes annular recess (25), the annular recess (25) extends radially into institute
It states and reaches depth P in the thickness S of the wall of tubular sleeve (6), and the annular recess (25) is from the institute of the tubular sleeve (6)
It states the second annular protrusion (17) and axially extends at least length L towards the atenuator region (4).
2. safe closure member according to claim 1, wherein：
The radially projecting length T of the inner wall (13) of second annular protrusion (17) from the tubular sleeve (6)
Value be more than the annular recess (25) the depth P value.
3. safe closure member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one of the C-shaped of the tubular insert (18)
Topple over the flange (2) of ontology (1) described in the wing (20) covering, and is connected to one piece construction and described topples over ontology (1)
The flange (2).
4. safe closure member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein described topple over ontology (1) and the tubular insert
(18) it is made of makrolon material.
5. safe closure member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the annular recess (25) have range from 0.1 to
The radial depth P of 0.5mm, and the opening defined by second annular protrusion (17) in the tubular sleeve (6)
The range of the diameter D1 is from 29.40mm to 30.20mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI20150224 | 2015-02-17 | ||
| ITMI2015A000224 | 2015-02-17 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/053289 WO2016131838A1 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2016-02-16 | Security closure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106458380A CN106458380A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106458380B true CN106458380B (en) | 2018-11-13 |
Family
ID=53002742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680001381.2A Active CN106458380B (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2016-02-16 | Safe closure member |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106458380B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112016027758B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2654137B2 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2016015246A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016131838A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT201700056266A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-24 | Paolo Guarnieri | ACCESS CONTROL DEVICE |
| PL234745B1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | Chuptys Janusz Contissi | Structural node of a leakproof temporary fastening of a screwed bottle neck with its screwed cap |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO4480049A1 (en) * | 1995-01-30 | 1997-07-09 | Grupo Stevi S A De C V | INVIOLABLE AND IRRELABLE COVER WITH COVER |
| IT1275779B1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-10-17 | Guala Spa | CLOSURE OF GUARANTEE FOR BOTTLES FOR VALUABLE LIQUORS |
| DE60009445T2 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2005-03-24 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Safety closure for bottles for liqueur or the like |
| RU2175303C1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2001-10-27 | Медведев Зиновий Григорьевич | Safety stopper |
| WO2004078613A1 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-16 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Tamper evident closure for bottles, particularly for bottles containing valuable drinks |
| ATE504515T1 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2011-04-15 | Guala Closures Spa | ORIGINAL CAP FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING PRECIOUS BEVERAGES |
| US7503420B2 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2009-03-17 | Shimano Inc. | Bicycle control device |
| ITMI20070364A1 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-08-27 | Gefit Spa | DEVICE PLUG-DISPENSER FOR A BOTTLE |
-
2016
- 2016-02-16 WO PCT/EP2016/053289 patent/WO2016131838A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-16 CN CN201680001381.2A patent/CN106458380B/en active Active
- 2016-02-16 BR BR112016027758-9A patent/BR112016027758B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-02-16 ES ES201690061A patent/ES2654137B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-16 MX MX2016015246A patent/MX2016015246A/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112016027758A2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
| CN106458380A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| WO2016131838A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
| MX2016015246A (en) | 2017-03-03 |
| ES2654137B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| ES2654137R1 (en) | 2018-03-26 |
| BR112016027758B1 (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| ES2654137A2 (en) | 2018-02-12 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |