CN106458240A - 用于监控机动车控制机构的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
描述了一种用于监控机动车控制机构的方法。利用修正函数确定修正值。记录并且外推修正值的变化过程。由外推的修正值诊断故障。
Description
背景技术
已知不同的学习/调节和修正函数，它们在机动车中监控在行驶期间系统和部件的功能，并且在偏离时修正地干预。例如由DE 431 9677已知一种用于调节内燃发动机的平稳运行的装置的方法。在这种装置中对每个内燃发动机的气缸附设一个调节机构，它根据附属于它的调节偏差形成用于附属于它的调节器的调整参数。调节偏差由附属于各个气缸的实际值和理论值给出。
通过这种方法可以补偿加工公差以及在机动车中的运行时间变化过程。由此保持低加工成本并且改进行驶舒适性。这些功能通常是系统软件的组成部分，并因此通过机动车生产商在机动车控制机构器中在生产开始之前实施。在维护情况下可以使用学习/调节和修正函数的修正值，用于以工厂为基础地诊断机动车的系统或部件。
此外已知远程信息处理应用，其能够连续地或间断地从机动车传递数据到机动车生产商或者其维护机构或第三方。
如果在已知的学习/调节和修正函数中确定的修正值超过一定的值，则引入适合的措施。通常当超过排放极限值或者调节限制的时候，已知的功能才作出反应。在此涉及一种反应的诊断，即，机动车司机感觉到警示灯形式的征兆或者作为例如紧急运行或者甚至机动车故障的替换反应，并且通常被事件惊觉。
在商业领域在这种形式的机动车故障中非常经常地发生高的后果成本。这例如在工程机动车或矿用机动车中是这种情况。
发明内容
与此相反，具有独立权利要求特征的按照本发明的装置和按照本发明的方法具有优点，通过及时警示可以避免机动车的意外的失灵。尤其是司机或机动车经营者及时地被警示并且他可以及时地采取相应的措施。
在此特别有利的是，利用修正函数确定修正值。记录修正值的变化过程并且外推修正值的变化过程。基于外推的修正值诊断故障。为了外推可以使用任何的方法。最好使用直线外推法。
在此特别有利的是，确定，何时可能发生故障。这意味着，对司机或操作者发出信号，何时可能发生故障。在此可以规定，显示直到发生故障尚存的行驶距离和/或尚存的时间。
特别有利的是，发出信号，何时外推的修正值可能超过阈值。在现有技术中控制器检验阈值的超过。目前在超过阈值时给司机发出故障信号，并且引入适合的措施。检验外推的修正值何时超过阈值，由此可以事先已经认识到，何时可能发生故障。
有利的是，在达到阈值之前的一个确定的持续时间通知这一点。这意味着，对司机或经营者在超过阈值之前的一个确定持续时间A传递相应的通知。最好这样选择这个持续时间A，使它长于维护间隔。也可以规定，这样测量这个持续时间A，即还可以到达工厂。尤其对于按照规律行驶相同的路程的机动车这样测量这个时间，使它们到达工厂。这一点尤其对于线路公交车、运输商的机动车或者在坑道、矿山或者采石场中使用的机动车中是有利的。
如果已知单位时间的平均的行驶距离，则可以取代持续时间使用行驶距离。这尤其在这样的机动车中是有意义的，它们完成总是相同的或类似的行驶距离，或者在围绕维修站的确定的行驶距离以内运动。
只有当修正值假设为在允许的范围以外的数值时，才外推修正值的变化过程，由此可以减少在控制器中的费用。此外，如果修正值已经显著地上升，则改进外推的精度。
所述方法可以完全在机动车的控制器中实施。但是特别有利的是，所述方法至少部分地在机动车外部在“云”中实施。这在监控多个机动车时是特别有利的。这一点例如在公交公司或运输商的车队中是这种情况。此外有利的是，监控经营采石场或矿山的公司的多个机动车。在这些情况下不或不只将未来的故障显示给司机，而且也将未来的故障显示给机动车的经营者。由此保证，不会出现机动车的不期望的故障，并且将机动车及时送去维护。
在另一方面中本发明涉及一种程序编码包括用于建立可在控制器上运行的计算机程序的处理指令，尤其具有编程和/或链接说明的源代码，其中，当所述程序编码按照处理指令被转换成能运行的计算机程序时、即尤其被编程和/或链接时，该程序编码给出用于实施上述方法之一的所有步骤的计算机程序。这个程序编码尤其可以通过源代码给出，其例如可以由维护人员在互联网中下载。
附图说明
在附图中示出本发明的实施例并且在下面的描述中详细解释。附图示出：
图1示意图，
图2特征的时间变化过程和
图3流程图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出用于监控机动车控制机构的装置。第一机动车以100表示。这个机动车通常包括控制器110。此外可以设有其它机动车120，它们同样可以包括控制器130。该机动车120或控制器110传递数据给中央单元140。这个中央单元实施不同的计算并且与显示器件150交换数据。
中央单元也可以称为“云”。在此涉及不同的存储器和不同的计算器，它们分散或中央地定位。由此例如可以规定，服务提供商提供这个存储空间和计算机容量并且在服务提供商处实施计算。显示器件150最好定位在机动车所有者或机动车经营者。例如可以规定，在运输商处这些数据可以中央地通过计算器读出并且相应的人员具有对这些数据的动用权。
在机动车的控制机构的范围内检测不同的修正数据。例如由给出的现有技术已知，确定所谓的平稳运行调节的修正值。此外现代的发动机控制器配有所谓的零量校准器。这个零量校准器确定修正控制持续时间，从修正的控制持续时间开始喷射瞬间有效的燃料。按照本发明的方法可以应用于所有这些方法和其它的方法，它们在发动机控制器中使用，或者它们在内燃发动机中的其它控制机构中使用。
在图2中标出在时间t上的修正值K。此外以S表示阈值。直到时刻t0修正值K具有几乎恒定的值。修正值仅仅从测量到测量在一定的公差宽度的范围内波动。从时刻t0开始可以看到，修正值缓慢上升。通过这种上升的值可以拉出一个直线，或可以通过其它的方法标出一个外推曲线。在时刻t2处这个外推曲线与阈值S相交。从这个时刻t2开始确定时刻t1，它以时间间隔A位于时刻t2前面。在时刻t1处输出警示。这个时间间隔A最好这样测量，使它对应于时间间隔，在该时间间隔中通常实施的机动车的维护。即，持续时间A对应于机动车的维护间隔。
下面以图3为例描述按照本发明的方法。在第一步骤310中确定修正值。在步骤320中将修正值存储在存储器中。在步骤330中检验，修正值是否分散在一个带宽以内。如果是这种情况，则通过步骤310继续程序并且确定新的修正值。如果修正值的散布大于带宽，则在步骤340中进行外推值的动态计算。在最简单的情况下这利用直线外推法实现。但是也可以使用任何其它的数学的外推算法。在步骤350中计算外推函数与允许的极限值S的交叉点。作为允许的极限值S可以是应用的诊断极限值、修正函数的物理的调节极限值或者其它极限值。询问360检查，何时达到交叉点。根据询问360的结果在步骤370中输出故障通知或者在步骤380中发出信号，机动车在确定的时间或者行驶里程中发生故障。
特别有利的是，描述的方法至少部分地在所谓的“云”中实施。在步骤310中修正值的检测在机动车100的控制器110中实施。然后通过远程信息处理单元传递这些修正值。为此可以使用在控制器中已经存在的Lkw远程信息处理箱、具有自身逻辑的连接控制单元或者GSM模块作为远程信息处理单元。修正值可以在机动车中预处理和/或中间存储。在中央单元140中修正值被传递到服务器并且最好存储在数据库中。从那里数据进入到任意的硬件上，从那里运行上述的方法步骤。然后将结果适合地显示给机动车的使用者或经营者。
替代地，也可以规定，也在控制器110中进行外推并且仅仅当阈值被超过时，将数据传递给中央单元。
在另一实施方式中可以在控制器中实施整个方法。
对于应用按照本发明的方法重要的是学习/调节和修正函数。如果它们不在控制器130中执行和/或激活，则在一个设计方案中规定，这些函数（功能）仅仅能够被间隔地监控地、但是不调节地也在中央单元140上、即在“云”中执行。为此仅仅传递所有对于学习/调节和修正函数必需的输入信号到中央单元140中。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于监控机动车控制机构的方法，其中，利用修正函数确定修正值，记录修正值的变化过程，外推修正值的变化过程，并且由外推的修正值出发诊断故障。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，确定何时可能发生故障。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，发出信号，何时外推的修正值超过一个阈值。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，在达到阈值之前的一个确定的时间通知这一点。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当修正值假设为在允许的范围以外的数值时，外推修正值的变化过程。
6.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法至少部分地在机动车外部在一个中央单元（140）中实施。
7.一种计算机程序，它构造为，执行如权利要求1至5中任一项所述方法之一的所有步骤。
8.一种可机器读取的存储介质，在其上存储如权利要求7所述的计算机程序。
9.一种控制器，它构造为，执行如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法之一的所有步骤。
10.一种与用于建立可在控制器上运行的计算机程序的处理指令在一起的程序编码，其中，当所述程序编码按照处理指令被转换成能运行的计算机程序时，该程序编码给出如权利要求7所述的计算机程序。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014211896.4 | 2014-06-20 | ||
| DE102014211896.4A DE102014211896A1 (de) | 2014-06-20 | 2014-06-20 | Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Fahrzeugsteuerung |
| PCT/EP2015/062770 WO2015193141A1 (de) | 2014-06-20 | 2015-06-09 | Verfahren zur überwachung einer fahrzeugsteuerung |
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| CN106458240A true CN106458240A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
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| EP (1) | EP3158181B1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20170021245A (zh) |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109488473A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究所 | 发动机的在线预判系统和在线预判方法 |
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| DE102015222427A1 (de) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Steuergeräts eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| DE102016217996A1 (de) | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Schädigungszustands einer Komponente eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE102016219479A1 (de) | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Schädigungszustands einer Komponente eines Fahrzeugs |
| CN109625039B (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-12-18 | 合肥工大高科信息科技股份有限公司 | 一种矿运机车运输自主调度系统和方法 |
| CN112947373A (zh) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 振高精密科技(宁波)有限公司 | 汽车紧固件振动测试设备的监控系统、监控方法、终端 |
| DE102022103798B4 (de) | 2022-02-17 | 2024-01-18 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fahrzeuges |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015193141A1 (de) | 2015-12-23 |
| EP3158181A1 (de) | 2017-04-26 |
| RU2017101704A3 (zh) | 2018-07-23 |
| US20170124786A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| KR20170021245A (ko) | 2017-02-27 |
| EP3158181B1 (de) | 2024-04-24 |
| RU2017101704A (ru) | 2018-07-23 |
| DE102014211896A1 (de) | 2015-12-24 |
| RU2683269C2 (ru) | 2019-03-27 |
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