CN106446445A - Method for measuring average wind velocity of tunnel by single point statistics - Google Patents

Method for measuring average wind velocity of tunnel by single point statistics Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106446445A
CN106446445A CN201610896860.7A CN201610896860A CN106446445A CN 106446445 A CN106446445 A CN 106446445A CN 201610896860 A CN201610896860 A CN 201610896860A CN 106446445 A CN106446445 A CN 106446445A
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wind speed
point
tunnel
point position
wind velocity
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李雪冰
耿晓伟
高科
邓立军
刘剑
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Liaoning Technical University
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Liaoning Technical University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for measuring the average wind velocity of a tunnel by single point statistics. The method comprises the following steps: determining sampling point positions and the number of sampling points of a to-be-measured tunnel section; determining the number of sampling of the sampling point wind velocity by setting the sampling point wind velocity sampling standard error confidence level and time-average error according to the statistic principle; arranging a wind velocity sensor in each sampling point, collecting the instant wind velocity of each wind velocity sensor, and determining the time-average wind velocity in the sampling point; determining the average wind velocity of a tunnel section according to a statistic measurement mathematic model of the tunnel average wind velocity; selecting an arbitrary point in the to-be-measured section as a single measurement point position, assembling a wind velocity sensor in the single measurement point position, and determining the wind velocity conversion coefficient of the single measurement point position; and collecting the instant wind velocity of the single measurement point position in real time, and determining the current time-average wind velocity of the single measurement point position to determine the current average wind velocity of the tunnel section. The method maintains the accuracy of a multi-point wind measurement method and has the advantages of simpleness, convenience and high efficiency of a single point method.

Description

A kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining engineering mine ventilation technology field, and in particular to a kind of single-point statistics of tunnel mean wind speed Measuring method.
Background technology
Mine ventilation work is the basic measures for ensureing mine safety production, a lot of great thing that colliery field occurred in the past Therefore all as ventilating management is not good at cause bad with ventilation condition.In mine ventilation, tunnel mean wind speed be one most heavy The underlying parameter that wants, the certainty of measurement of tunnel mean wind speed and efficiency directly decide the level of mine ventilation technology management, because The efficient accurately tunnel mean wind speed measuring method of this research has important practical significance and using value.
At present, the measuring method of tunnel mean wind speed can be divided mainly into single-point method and two class of multipoint method.Multipoint method is referred to Multiple air velocity transducers are laid in drift section, are put down by asking the arithmetic mean of each air velocity transducer Monitoring Data to be worth to tunnel Equal wind speed, this kind of method can obtain higher certainty of measurement, but the low and multiple spot of testing efficiency is laid sensor and can hinder tunnel Normal pass, be therefore unsuitable for the long term monitoring of tunnel wind speed.The long-term real-time monitoring of tunnel mean wind speed relies primarily on solid It is scheduled in tunnel the single air velocity transducer of certain point to obtain, its measurement form belongs to single-point and surveys wind, with quick, efficient spy Point.However, air velocity transducer can only monitor the wind speed of a point, and on drift section, the wind speed profile of each point is uneven, therefore, presses There is larger error as section mean wind speed in the air speed value measured by air velocity transducer according to current measuring method.In addition, As in tunnel, wind circulation is often turbulence state, to be affected by turbulence pulsation, the monitoring indicating value of air velocity transducer is all the time in fluctuation State, shows " indeterminacy " phenomenon, increases the error that single-point surveys wind further, in this regard, in conventional measuring method all not Propose rational solution.The non-uniform Distribution of the pulse characteristic of air flow in laneway and wind speed causes accurately to measure lane using a bit Road air quantity becomes a mine ventilation field technical barrier urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The accurate measurement of equal wind speed when the present invention realizes single-point using turbulent flow statistical method, and propose nondimensional velocity field The constant principle of structure proximate, realizes the conversion of single-point wind speed and mean wind speed based on this.The method can eliminate a wind speed and put down Deviation all between wind speed, while avoiding a undulatory property for air monitoring indicating value, the single-point so as to realize tunnel air quantity is accurately measured.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Determine drift section sampling optimization to be measured and sampled point quantity n, and each sampling optimization bin Area Δ si, wherein, i=1 ..., n；
Step 2：According to Principle of Statistics by arrange sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing Error e determines sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m；
Step 3：Air velocity transducer is arranged at each sampling optimization determined by step 1, gather the wink of each air velocity transducer When wind speed uij, the instantaneous wind speed according to each air velocity transducer determines equal wind speed during sampled pointAnd according to tunnel mean wind speed Statistical measurement mathematical model determines drift section mean wind speedWherein, j=1 ..., m is j-th instantaneous wind speed；
Step 4：Any point in section to be measured is selected as spot measurement point position, wind speed biography to be installed at spot measurement point position Sensor；
Step 5：When equal wind speed according to spot measurement point position place sampled pointWith drift section mean wind speedDetermine Wind speed conversion coefficient k at the spot measurement point positionv, wherein, v=1 ..., n；
Step 6：Instantaneous wind speed u ' at Real-time Collection spot measurement point positionvj, determine current at the spot measurement point position When equal wind speed
Step 7：According to equal wind speed during current at spot measurement point positionWith the wind speed conversion at the spot measurement point position Coefficient kv, determine current drift section mean wind speed
Described determine drift section sampling optimization to be measured and sampled point quantity n method be：Using 9 points of methods, 16 points It is discrete for n that method, logarithm-Chebyshev method will measure drift section.
Described according to Principle of Statistics by arrange sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing by mistake Difference e determines that the computing formula of sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m is as follows：
M=(Za/2)2p(1-p)/e2；
Wherein, za/2For statistic, p is sample proportion.
The computing formula of the statistical measurement mathematical model of the tunnel mean wind speed is as follows：
Wherein, S is drift section area.
The when equal wind speed according to spot measurement point position place sampled point binWith drift section mean wind speedReally Wind speed conversion coefficient k at the fixed spot measurement point positionvComputing formula as follows：
Described according to equal wind speed during current at spot measurement point positionWith the wind speed conversion system at the spot measurement point position Number kv, determine current drift section mean wind speedComputing formula as follows：
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention proposes a kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed, and the present invention utilizes turbulent flow statistical method reality Show the when homogenizing measurement truly of single-point wind speed, can avoid moment sensor that the wave phenomenon of indicating value is monitored, permissible Equal air speed value when obtaining the high-fidelity of any on section；Single-point wind speed is achieved to flat based on velocity structure approximately constant principle The conversion of equal wind speed, it is to avoid directly the monitor value of air velocity transducer is considered as the error that section mean wind speed brings；The present invention Method had not only remained the precision of multiple spot anemometry but also had had the simple and direct efficient advantage of single-point method, was that a kind of single-point precisely surveys wind side Method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is sampling optimization and air velocity transducer position in rectangular shaped roadways section to be measured in the specific embodiment of the invention Put schematic diagram；
Wherein, A is air velocity transducer position；
Fig. 3 is the sample sequence figure of spot measurement point position instantaneous wind speed in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is spot measurement point position instantaneous wind speed frequency distribution histogram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
Step 1：Determine drift section sampling optimization to be measured and sampled point quantity n, and each sampling optimization bin Area Δ si, wherein, i=1 ..., n.
The method for determining drift section sampling optimization to be measured and sampled point quantity n is：Using 9 points of methods, 16 points of methods, right It is discrete for n that number-Chebyshev method will measure drift section.
In present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 rectangular shaped roadways section width 4.4m, high 3.6m to be measured, true using 16 points of methods Determine sampling optimization, by discrete for the drift section survey wind bin consistent for size, sampled point quantity n=16, each sampling optimization The area Δ s of bini=0.99m2.
Step 2：According to Principle of Statistics by arrange sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing Error e determines sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m.
According to Principle of Statistics by arrange sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing error e Determine shown in the computing formula such as formula (1) of sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m：
M=(Za/2)2p(1-p)/e2(1)
Wherein, Za/2For statistic, p is sample proportion.
In present embodiment, homogenizing error e=5% 95%, when standard for manual sampling error confidence level 1-a is, look into normal state and divide Bu Biaoke get Za/2=1.96, shown in the sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m such as formula (2) of determination：
M=1.962×0.5(1-0.5)/0.052=385 (2)
Sampled point wind-speed sample quantity is obtained for 385.
Step 3：Air velocity transducer is arranged at each sampling optimization determined by step 1, gather the wink of each air velocity transducer When wind speed uij, the instantaneous wind speed according to each air velocity transducer determines equal wind speed during sampled pointAnd according to tunnel mean wind speed Statistical measurement mathematical model determines drift section mean wind speedWherein, j=1 ..., m is j-th instantaneous wind speed.
In present embodiment, at each sampling optimization, air velocity transducer is arranged in position of the tunnel axis away from top board 0.3m.
Instantaneous wind speed according to each air velocity transducer determines equal wind speed during sampled pointComputing formula such as formula (3) shown in：
Shown in the computing formula such as formula (4) of the statistical measurement mathematical model of tunnel mean wind speed：
Wherein, S is drift section area.
Gather each air velocity transducer sampled point when equal wind speedWith drift section mean wind speedAs shown in table 1：
Equal wind speed during the sampled point of each air velocity transducer of table 1Enter with drift section average wind
Step 4：Any point in section to be measured is selected as spot measurement point position, wind speed biography to be installed at spot measurement point position Sensor.
Step 5：When equal wind speed according to spot measurement point position place sampled pointWith drift section mean wind speedDetermine Wind speed conversion coefficient k at the spot measurement point positionv, wherein, v=1 ..., n.
In present embodiment, list is calculated according to the instantaneous wind speed of spot measurement point position place sampled point and formula (3) The when equal wind speed of point measurement point position place sampled point
When equal wind speed according to spot measurement point position place sampled pointWith drift section mean wind speedDetermine the single-point Wind speed conversion coefficient k at measurement point positionvComputing formula such as formula (5) shown in：
In present embodiment, the wind speed conversion coefficient k at the spot measurement point position that obtainsv=0.75.
Step 6：Instantaneous wind speed u ' at Real-time Collection spot measurement point positionvj, determine current at the spot measurement point position When equal wind speed
In present embodiment, determine at the spot measurement point position current when equal wind speedCollection single-point survey At amount point position, the sample sequence of instantaneous wind speed is as shown in figure 3, gather instantaneous wind speed frequency distribution histogram at spot measurement point position As shown in Figure 4.
Step 7：According to equal wind speed during current at spot measurement point positionWith the wind speed conversion at the spot measurement point position Coefficient kv, determine current drift section mean wind speed
According to velocity structure approximately constant principle, according to equal wind speed during current at spot measurement point positionWith the single-point Wind speed conversion coefficient k at measurement point positionv, determine current drift section mean wind speedComputing formula such as formula (6) shown in：
In present embodiment, current drift section mean wind speed is determined
For the precision of the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed of the present invention is checked, wind is tested using traditional 16 points of methods Drift section mean wind speed after speed change, equal wind speed during the sampled point of each air velocity transducerWith drift section mean wind speedAs shown in table 2.
Equal wind speed when the sampled point of each air velocity transducer tested by table 2 using traditional 16 points of methodsWith drift section average wind Speed
The current drift section mean wind speed that the present invention is obtainedPut down with traditional 16 points of methods test drift section Equal wind speedRelative errorIt can thus be appreciated that being obtained using the inventive method The relative error of current drift section mean wind speed and traditional 16 points of methods test drift section mean wind speed meet engineering reality Demand.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Determine drift section sampling optimization to be measured and sampled point quantity n, and the area of each sampling optimization bin Δsi, wherein, i=1 ..., n；
Step 2：According to Principle of Statistics by arrange sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing error E determines sampled point wind-speed sample quantity m；
Step 3：Air velocity transducer is arranged at each sampling optimization determined by step 1, gather the instantaneous wind of each air velocity transducer Fast uij, the instantaneous wind speed according to each air velocity transducer determines equal wind speed during sampled pointAnd the statistics according to tunnel mean wind speed Measurement mathematical model determines drift section mean wind speedWherein, j=1 ..., m is j-th instantaneous wind speed；
Step 4：Any point in section to be measured is selected as spot measurement point position, wind speed sensing to be installed at spot measurement point position Device；
Step 5：When equal wind speed according to spot measurement point position place sampled pointWith drift section mean wind speedDetermine the list Wind speed conversion coefficient k at point measurement point positionv, wherein, v=1 ..., n；
Step 6：Instantaneous wind speed u ' at Real-time Collection spot measurement point positionvi, determine at the spot measurement point position current when equal Wind speed
Step 7：According to equal wind speed during current at spot measurement point positionWith the wind speed conversion coefficient at the spot measurement point position kv, determine current drift section mean wind speed
2. the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the determination is treated The method of the drift section sampling optimization of measurement and sampled point quantity n is：Using 9 points of methods, 16 points of methods, logarithms-Chebyshev method Drift section will be measured discrete for n.
3. the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to system Meter learn principle by setting sampled point wind-speed sample standard error confidence level 1-a and when homogenizing error e determine sampled point wind speed The computing formula of number of samples m is as follows：
M=(za/2)2p(1-p)/e2；
Wherein, za/2For statistic, p is sample proportion.
4. the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tunnel is put down The computing formula of all statistical measurement mathematical modeies of wind speed is as follows：
V ‾ = 1 n · m · S Σ i = 1 n Σ j = 1 m u i j Δs i ;
Wherein, S is drift section area.
5. the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to list The when equal wind speed of point measurement point position place sampled point binWith drift section mean wind speedDetermine at the spot measurement point position Wind speed conversion coefficient kvComputing formula as follows：
k v = u v ‾ / V ‾ .
6. the single-point Statistical Measurement of Radial Void of tunnel mean wind speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to list Point measurement point position at current when equal wind speedWith the wind speed conversion coefficient k at the spot measurement point positionv, determine that current tunnel is broken Face mean wind speedComputing formula as follows：
V ‾ ′ = 1 k v / u v ‾ ′ .
CN201610896860.7A 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 Method for measuring average wind velocity of tunnel by single point statistics Pending CN106446445A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109063368A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-21 中国矿业大学 A kind of wind speed measuring method based on ultrasound line mine return air well
CN109085379A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-25 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Roadway average wind speed measuring method
CN111273055A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-06-12 中国计量大学 Single-point measurement and control device and method for average wind speed of mine roadway
CN111474380A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-31 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Multi-section grid observation method and system for roadway wind speed
CN113642270A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-12 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 Method and device for measuring airflow of roadway, terminal equipment and storage medium
CN114109470A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-03-01 中国矿业大学 Mine roadway air quantity accurate measurement system and method
WO2024082764A1 (en) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 西安京兆电力科技有限公司 Air volume measurement and correction method for air duct of non-uniform air field

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109085379A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-25 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Roadway average wind speed measuring method
CN109063368A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-21 中国矿业大学 A kind of wind speed measuring method based on ultrasound line mine return air well
CN111273055A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-06-12 中国计量大学 Single-point measurement and control device and method for average wind speed of mine roadway
CN111273055B (en) * 2020-01-17 2022-04-12 中国计量大学 Single-point measurement and control device and method for average wind speed of mine roadway
CN111474380A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-31 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Multi-section grid observation method and system for roadway wind speed
CN111474380B (en) * 2020-04-26 2021-11-02 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Multi-section grid observation method and system for roadway wind speed distribution
CN113642270A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-12 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 Method and device for measuring airflow of roadway, terminal equipment and storage medium
CN114109470A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-03-01 中国矿业大学 Mine roadway air quantity accurate measurement system and method
CN114109470B (en) * 2021-11-18 2024-04-02 中国矿业大学 Accurate measurement system and method for air quantity of mine tunnel
WO2024082764A1 (en) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 西安京兆电力科技有限公司 Air volume measurement and correction method for air duct of non-uniform air field

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