CN104792372A - Wind measuring method for complex flow field roadway - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims at proving a wind measuring method for a complex flow field roadway. A roadway wind quantity is calculated out through the measuring of the position pressure difference and the standardizing of the comprehensive wind resistance of pressure measuring positions. A first pressure measuring position and a second pressure measuring position are chosen in an area where the wind speed of a roadway which is measured is large, two pipe frames are arranged in the wall of the roadway of the first pressure measuring position and the second pressure measuring position, two pressure measuring pipes are installed on the two pipe frames respectively, the two pressure measuring pipes are connected through rubber hoses respectively, and the two rubber hoses are led to the position of a differential pressure gauge along the wall of the roadway to measure the position pressure difference. The wind measuring method for the complex flow field roadway has the advantages that the roadway wind capacity is directly measured and calculated through the measuring of the position pressure difference, so that the rapid wind measuring is achieved, the personnel interference is reduced, and the accuracy of measuring and calculating of the wind capacity is improved.

Description

A kind of wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway

Technical field

The invention belongs to down-hole and survey wind technical field, relate to a kind of wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway.

Background technology

Mine blast volume plays and ensures that personnel in the pit normally works, prevents and treats the vital role of the gas disasters such as gas and improvement work weather conditions, and sufficient air distribution amount is the important leverage of shaft production safety.Tunnel is surveyed wind and is referred to that employing anemometer table and instrument calculate the air quantity passed through in tunnel." safety regulations in coal mine " defines strict survey wind system, within every 10 days, must carry out 1 time and survey wind comprehensively, use wind place, should survey wind at any time according to actual needs to production, to grasp mine blast volume distribution and whether to meet production requirement.It is large that wind workload surveyed by mine, and its accuracy is related to shaft production safety.

The air-quantity measuring method of mine routine mainly adopts wind table to survey wind.Namely in tunnel, arrange air measuring station (will be located in straight lane, length is not less than 4 meters, and 10 meters, front and back scope is not turned round and barrier), survey wind personnel and adopt circuit method or fix point method to record the mean wind speed of drift section with wind table, be multiplied by the basal area in tunnel, obtain tunnel air quantity.The method requires that tunnel is straight, and section specification is steadily distinguished and admirable, just can record result more accurately.Also have air velocity transducer to measure tunnel wind speed, also need air flow in laneway steady.

But the airway having some important in mine reality, flat segments is short, and change of turning round is many, or it is irregular etc. to be furnished with fixed equipment, section, does not possess conventionally to survey wind condition.In these tunnels, flow field is complicated, sectional wind velocity distribution disorders, than if any total air entering and returning tunnel of equipment, important air connection, wind cave etc.The air quantity data of these roadways play an important role for the reasonable operation etc. of ventilating system and evaluation of leaking out, ventilation blower.

For these complex flowfield tunnels, adopt conventional method to survey wind, human users's difficulty, stream field impact is unable to estimate, and surveys wind error large, can not meet production requirement.For the high wind speed roadway that air quantity is too concentrated, survey wind personnel and also have certain risk.To accurately survey wind, then need to employ more manpower and materials, minute is long, and impact is produced, and can not realize the requirement of daily survey wind.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway, solve existing equipment and carry out survey wind, cannot the problem of actual air volume in this kind of tunnel of Accurate Determining.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention calculates tunnel air quantity by the comprehensive windage of locate pressure reduction and demarcation pressure measurement position.

Further, described position pressure reduction △ h:

$\mathrm{\Δh}=(\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R)Q^2$

α ₁, α ₂be the residue dynamic pressure coefficient of two sections, be two section dynamic pressures, ρ is distinguished and admirable density, and R is tunnel windage, and Q is tunnel air quantity;

The comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position, described tunnel _z:

$R_z=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R$

Comprehensive windage R _zdemarcated by wind detection method accurately, the comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position, tunnel _zafter demarcation, measuring and calculating tunnel air quantity Q:

$Q=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Δh}}{R_z}}.$

Further, the method of the described pressure reduction that locates is in the larger regional choice first pressure measurement position of tested tunnel wind speed and the second pressure measurement position, the wall of the first pressure measurement position and the second pressure measurement position arranges two pipe supports, two piezometric tube are arranged on respectively on two pipe supports, two piezometric tube connect by rubber hose respectively, two rubber hose are guided to differential manometer position, with the pressure reduction that locates along wall.

Further, described piezometric tube adopts the metal tube of more than external diameter 6mm, and rubber hose adopts the rubber tube or plastic flexible pipe that adapt with piezometric tube diameter, and differential manometer adopts inclined differential pressure meter or digital differential manometer.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows by the pressure reduction direct measuring tunnel air quantity that locates, to realize Quick Measuring wind, reduce personnel's interference, improve air quantity measuring and calculating accuracy.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 (a) is pressure measurement position view;

Fig. 1 (b) is piezometric tube scheme of installation;

Fig. 2 is that comprehensive windage timing signal fixed point surveys wind schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

The wind detection method of a kind of complex flowfield roadway of the present invention, does not need the basal area and the mean wind speed that measure tunnel, and calculates tunnel air quantity by the direct Quick Measuring of comprehensive windage of locate pressure reduction and demarcation pressure measurement position.

(1) locate pressure reduction in tested tunnel, select wind speed comparatively large regions arrange and fix two piezometric tube, the pressure differential that two piezometric tube accept is defined as position pressure reduction, represents with △ h.The relation of position pressure reduction and tunnel air quantity can be determined by aeration energy equation.

The distinguished and admirable energy of roadway comprises static pressure, position pressure and dynamic pressure.Energy loss between two piezometric tube positions can be determined by energy equation.In addition, roadway is distinguished and admirable is in complete disturbed flow condition, is known by Darcy's law, and under turbulent-flow conditions, distinguished and admirable energy loss and tunnel air quantity meet a square corresponding relation, therefore can set up following formula:

$(P_1+\mathrm{\ρg}{z}_1+\frac{\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}{Q}^2)-(P_2+\mathrm{\ρg}{z}_2+\frac{\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}{Q}^2)={\mathrm{RQ}}^2---\left(1\right)$

In formula, P ₁, P ₂be two section static pressure;

ρ gz ₁, ρ gz ₂be two section position pressures;

be two section dynamic pressures;

S ₁, S ₂be two cross-sectional areas;

ρ is distinguished and admirable density;

R is tunnel windage;

Q is tunnel air quantity.

At the piezometric tube that two sections are arranged, in any case arrange, capital receives static pressure and position pressure, because flow field is complicated, piezometric tube inevitably accepts certain dynamic pressure, then connect the position pressure reduction △ h measured by differential manometer of two piezometric tube, both contained the differential static pressure of two sections, position pressure reduction, the dynamic pressure containing again part is poor.In steady flow, this numerical value depends on installation position and the direction of piezometric tube.Consider the residue dynamic pressure of two sections, △ h substituted into above-mentioned formula, can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{\Δh}+(\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}{Q}^2-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}{Q}^2){=\mathrm{RQ}}^2---\left(2\right)$

In formula, △ h is position pressure reduction;

α ₁, α ₂it is the residue dynamic pressure coefficient of two sections.

Experiment shows, under the condition that the position of piezometric tube and direction are fixed, and α ₁, α ₂for determined value.Carry out arranging the pass that can obtain position pressure reduction △ h and tunnel air quantity Q to formula and be:

$\mathrm{\Δh}=(\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R)Q^2---\left(3\right)$

For the survey air way road determined, every in above formula bracket is amassed with drift section, the installation of windage and piezometric tube is relevant, not with air quantity and pressure reduction change, is determined value.Order:

$R_z=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R---\left(4\right)$

In formula, R _zbe defined as the comprehensive windage of pressure measurement position, tunnel, contain the residue dynamic pressure windage between pressure measurement position, local windage and specific friction resistance.

(2) the comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position is demarcated _z

After piezometric tube layout fixedly completes, comprehensive windage R _zwind detection method accurately can be passed through demarcated.

(3) tunnel air quantity Q is calculated

The comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position, tunnel _zafter demarcation, can be obtained by (3) formula and (4) formula:

$Q=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Δh}}{R_z}}---\left(5\right)$

Namely by the pressure reduction △ h that locates, directly tunnel air quantity can be calculated.Therefore, after this system layout completes, daily or Quick Measuring wind at any time can be carried out easily.

As Fig. 1 (a), represent that signal is selected in pressure measurement position, Fig. 1 (b) is that signal installed by piezometric tube, in the larger regional choice first pressure measurement position 1 of tested tunnel wind speed and the second pressure measurement position 2, pipe support 6 is set in wall, piezometric tube 5 is fixed on pipe support 6.Two piezometric tube 5 connect by rubber hose 3 respectively, and two rubber hose 3 are guided to differential manometer 4 position, with the pressure reduction that locates along wall.For reducing the impact on pressure measurement flow field, pressure measurement position should be selected in beyond piezometric tube 5 scope, or selects in contiguous tunnel.Piezometric tube 5 can adopt the metal tube of more than external diameter 6mm, and the rubber tube that rubber hose 3 adopts and piezometric tube 5 diameter adapts or plastic flexible pipe etc., differential manometer 4 can adopt inclined differential pressure meter or digital differential manometer.Comprehensive windage should adopt wind detection method accurately to measure air quantity and demarcate.

Wind is surveyed for wind cave tunnel.Wind cave tunnel is turned round many, and apart from short, wind speed is large, and flow field structure is complicated, sectional wind velocity skewness, does not meet conventional survey wind condition, therefore, arranges position pressure reduction and survey wind.Piezometric tube 5 adopts Φ 6mm stainless-steel tube, and pressure measurement position 1,2 is selected in working fan air channel, and two piezometric tube 5 positions are at a distance of 5m, wall is fixed on by pipe support 6, two piezometric tube are connected by the sebific duct 3 of Φ 8mm, guide to standby fan road, to be located pressure reduction by digital differential manometer 4.

The demarcation of comprehensive windage adopts air velocity transducer fixed point wind detection method, surveys wind section and is arranged on second piezometric tube 2 position downwind side 5m.Mensuration section is divided 9 approximate homalographic regions (as Fig. 2), be divided into 9 regions, stain in each region represents sensor, at drift section, pipe support 6 is set, at each surface area center, cup type air velocity transducer is installed, 9 air velocity transducer Simultaneously test wind speed, therefore can determine tunnel wind speed profile exactly, according to Q=∑ s _iv _itunnel air quantity can be calculated.Again by the pressure reduction △ h that locates, calibrated and calculated comprehensive windage can be gone out by formula (3) or (5).For ensureing precision, should variable air rate, calibrated and calculated repeatedly, gets qualified data, and calculating mean value is as the comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position _z.After this daily or at any time survey wind time, then only can determine position pressure reduction △ h, tunnel air quantity Q can be calculated.

Adopt the inventive method to carry out the experiment of survey wind, 1. test shows, position pressure reduction △ h is at more than 15Pa, and measuring accuracy is higher.Pressure reduction is too small, is subject to disturbing influence, and reading error can increase.Therefore, Reasonable adjustment piezometric tube position and direction is answered.2. survey wind for the tunnel that wind speed is comparatively large or windage is larger, layout can be compacter.3. adopt digital differential manometer reading more for convenience.4. sensor fixed point wind detection method, although measure accurately, needs erection bracket, equipment many, can not be used for conventional survey wind.

The present invention be advantageous in that:

1. provide one wind detection method easily, obtain roadway air quantity by measuring roadway position pressure reduction direct measuring, and do not need the basal area and the mean wind speed that measure tunnel, solve the accurate survey wind problem in complex flowfield tunnel, enormously simplify and survey wind process, can realize daily and survey wind at any time.Wind is surveyed advantageously in tunnel climate parameter being changed to little return air region.

2. the not tested wind personnel interference of wind flow field is surveyed in tunnel, and error at measurment is little, accurate safety.

3. be beneficial to and coordinate the continuous monitoring of Minepit environment safety monitoring system realization to mine important airway air quantity.

The demarcation of comprehensive windage is under fixing condition installed by piezometric tube, adopts wind detection method accurately to carry out calibrated and calculated.Application the method, only needs the pressure reduction that locates, just can calculate tunnel air quantity, achieves the daily of complicated tunnel, flow field or surveys wind at any time.This method solve the accurate survey wind problem in complex flowfield tunnel, simplify and survey wind process, survey air-dry disturb little, accurate safety.

The above is only to better embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, every any simple modification done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a wind detection method for complex flowfield roadway, is characterized in that: calculate tunnel air quantity by the comprehensive windage of locate pressure reduction and demarcation pressure measurement position.

2. according to a kind of described in claim 1 wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway, it is characterized in that: described position pressure reduction △ h:

$\mathrm{\Δh}=(\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R)Q^2$

α ₁, α ₂be the residue dynamic pressure coefficient of two sections, be two section dynamic pressures, ρ is distinguished and admirable density, and R is tunnel windage, and Q is tunnel air quantity;

The comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position, described tunnel _z:

$R_z=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_2\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_2}^2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1\mathrm{\ρ}}{2{S_1}^2}+R$

Comprehensive windage R _zdemarcated by wind detection method accurately, the comprehensive windage R of pressure measurement position, tunnel _zafter demarcation, measuring and calculating tunnel air quantity Q:

$Q=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Δh}}{R_z}}.$

3. according to a kind of described in claim 1 wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway, it is characterized in that: described in the locate method of pressure reduction be in the larger regional choice first pressure measurement position (1) of tested tunnel wind speed and the second pressure measurement position (2), the wall of the first pressure measurement position (1) and the second pressure measurement position (2) arranges two pipe supports (6), two piezometric tube (5) are arranged on respectively on two pipe supports (6), two piezometric tube (5) connect by rubber hose (3) respectively, two rubber hose (3) are guided to differential manometer (4) position along wall, with the pressure reduction that locates.

4. according to a kind of described in claim 3 wind detection method of complex flowfield roadway, it is characterized in that: described piezometric tube (5) adopts the metal tube of more than external diameter 6mm, rubber hose (3) adopts the rubber tube or plastic flexible pipe that adapt with piezometric tube (5) diameter, and differential manometer (4) adopts inclined differential pressure meter or digital differential manometer.