CN104792372B - wind measuring method for complex flow field roadway - Google Patents
wind measuring method for complex flow field roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN104792372B CN104792372B CN201510131594.4A CN201510131594A CN104792372B CN 104792372 B CN104792372 B CN 104792372B CN 201510131594 A CN201510131594 A CN 201510131594A CN 104792372 B CN104792372 B CN 104792372B
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a wind measuring method for a complex flow field roadway, which measures and calculates roadway air volume through comprehensive wind resistance of measuring position pressure difference and calibrating a pressure measuring position. The method comprises the steps of selecting a first pressure measuring position and a second pressure measuring position in a region with a large wind speed of a detected roadway, arranging two pipe frames on roadway walls of the first pressure measuring position and the second pressure measuring position, respectively installing two pressure measuring pipes on the two pipe frames, respectively connecting the two pressure measuring pipes through rubber hoses, and guiding the two rubber hoses to a pressure difference meter along the roadway walls to measure the position pressure difference. The method has the advantages that the roadway air volume is directly measured and calculated by measuring the position pressure difference, so that the rapid air measurement is realized, the personnel interference is reduced, and the air volume measuring and calculating accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the technical field of underground wind measurement, and relates to a wind measurement method for a complex flow field roadway.
background
the air volume of the mine plays an important role in ensuring the normal work of underground personnel, preventing and controlling gas disasters such as gas and the like and improving working climatic conditions, and the sufficient air distribution volume is an important guarantee for the production safety of the mine. The tunnel wind measurement means that a wind measuring instrument and a tool are adopted to measure and calculate the passing wind quantity of the tunnel. The coal mine safety regulation stipulates a strict wind measuring system, 1 time of comprehensive wind measurement is required to be carried out every 10 days, and wind measurement is carried out at any time according to actual needs in a wind place for production so as to master the wind volume distribution of a mine and whether the wind volume distribution meets production requirements. The mine wind measuring workload is large, and the accuracy of the mine wind measuring workload is related to the mine production safety.
The conventional air quantity measuring method for the mine mainly adopts an air meter to measure air. The method is characterized in that an anemometer station (to be arranged in a straight roadway, the length of the station is not less than 4 meters, and no turning or barrier exists in the range of front and back 10 meters) is arranged in the roadway, anemometers are used for measuring the average wind speed of the section of the roadway by adopting a line method or a fixed point method, and the average wind speed is multiplied by the section area of the roadway to obtain the wind volume of the roadway. The method requires that the roadway is straight, the section is standard, and the wind current is stable, so that a more accurate result can be measured. And a wind speed sensor is used for measuring the wind speed of the tunnel, and the smooth wind flow of the tunnel is also required. However, in practice, a mine has some important ventilation roadways, which have short straight sections, more turning changes, or are provided with fixed equipment, irregular sections and the like, and does not have conventional wind measuring conditions. In the tunnels, the flow field is complex, the wind speed distribution of the cross section is disordered, and for example, the total air inlet and return tunnels, important ventilation connecting tunnels, wind tunnels and the like of the equipment are arranged. The air volume data of the roadways play an important role in the ventilation system, the air leakage evaluation, the reasonable operation of the ventilator and the like.
For the complex flow field roadways, the conventional method is adopted for measuring wind, the operation of personnel is difficult, the influence on the flow field cannot be estimated, the wind measurement error is large, and the production requirement cannot be met. For a high-wind-speed roadway with over-concentrated wind volume, wind measuring personnel have certain risks. If the wind is measured accurately, more manpower and material resources are needed, the measurement time is long, the production is affected, and the daily wind measurement requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind measuring method for a complicated flow field roadway, which solves the problem that the actual wind volume of the roadway cannot be accurately measured when the wind is measured by the conventional equipment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the roadway air volume is measured and calculated through comprehensive wind resistance of measuring position differential pressure and calibrating a pressure measuring position.
further, the position pressure difference Δ h:
k1 and k2 are residual dynamic pressure coefficients of two sections, namely dynamic pressure of the two sections, rho is wind current density, R is tunnel wind resistance, and Q is tunnel wind volume;
And the comprehensive wind resistance Rz of the roadway pressure measuring position is as follows:
And calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance Rz by an accurate wind measuring method, and measuring and calculating the tunnel air quantity Q after calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance Rz at the tunnel pressure measuring position:
furthermore, the method for measuring the position pressure difference comprises the steps of selecting a first pressure measuring position and a second pressure measuring position in a region with a larger wind speed of the detected roadway, arranging two pipe frames on the roadway wall of the first pressure measuring position and the second pressure measuring position, respectively installing two pressure measuring pipes on the two pipe frames, respectively connecting the two pressure measuring pipes through rubber hoses, and guiding the two rubber hoses to the position of a pressure difference meter along the roadway wall to measure the position pressure difference.
furthermore, the pressure measuring pipe is a metal pipe with the outer diameter of more than 6mm, the rubber hose is a rubber pipe or a plastic hose with the diameter matched with that of the pressure measuring pipe, and the differential pressure meter is an inclined differential pressure meter or a digital differential pressure meter.
The method has the advantages that the roadway air volume is directly measured and calculated by measuring the position pressure difference, so that the rapid air measurement is realized, the personnel interference is reduced, and the air volume measuring and calculating accuracy is improved.
drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a schematic view of a pressure measurement location;
FIG. 1(b) is a schematic view of a piezometer tube installation;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of fixed-point wind measurement during comprehensive wind resistance calibration.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a wind measuring method for a complex flow field roadway, which directly and quickly measures the wind volume of the roadway by measuring the position pressure difference and calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance of a pressure measuring position without measuring the section area and the average wind speed of the roadway.
(1) And measuring the position pressure difference in a detected roadway, selecting an area with larger wind speed, and arranging and fixing two pressure measuring pipes, wherein the pressure difference received by the two pressure measuring pipes is defined as the position pressure difference and is expressed by delta h. The relation between the position pressure difference and the roadway air volume can be determined by a ventilation energy equation.
The energy of the roadway airflow comprises static pressure, position pressure and dynamic pressure. The energy loss between two piezometer tube locations can be determined by an energy equation. In addition, the roadway airflow is in a complete turbulent flow state, and the Darcy's law shows that under the turbulent flow condition, the energy loss of the airflow and the roadway air volume accord with the square corresponding relation, so that the following formula can be established:
wherein, P1 and P2 are static pressures of two sections;
Rhogz 1 and rhogz 2 are two-section bit pressures;
Dynamic pressure of two sections;
S1 and S2 represent the area of two cross sections;
rho is the density of the wind flow;
r is the wind resistance of the roadway;
And Q is the tunnel air volume.
The pressure measuring pipes arranged on the two sections can receive static pressure and position pressure no matter how the pressure measuring pipes are arranged, and the pressure measuring pipes inevitably receive certain dynamic pressure due to the complex flow field, so that the position pressure difference delta h measured by the pressure difference meter connected with the two pressure measuring pipes not only comprises the static pressure difference and the position pressure difference of the two sections, but also comprises partial dynamic pressure difference. In steady flow, this value depends on the installation location and direction of the piezometer tube. The residual dynamic pressure of two sections is considered, and Δ h is substituted into the above formula, which can be expressed as:
Wherein Δ h is a position pressure difference;
k1 and k2 represent the residual dynamic pressure coefficients of the two cross sections.
Experiments show that under the condition that the position and the direction of the piezometric tube are fixed, k1 and k2 are determined values. The relationship between the position pressure difference delta h and the roadway air quantity Q can be obtained by arranging a formula as follows:
for a determined anemometry roadway, all items in brackets in the formula are only related to the cross section area of the roadway, the wind resistance and the installation of the piezometer tube, do not change along with the wind volume and the pressure difference, and are determined values. Order:
in the formula, Rz is defined as the comprehensive wind resistance of the roadway pressure measurement positions, and comprises residual dynamic pressure wind resistance, local wind resistance and friction wind resistance among the pressure measurement positions.
(2) Comprehensive wind resistance Rz for calibrating pressure measuring position
after the arrangement and fixation of the pressure measuring pipes are completed, the comprehensive wind resistance Rz can be calibrated by an accurate wind measuring method.
(3) Measuring and calculating tunnel air quantity Q
After the comprehensive wind resistance Rz of the roadway pressure measuring position is calibrated, the comprehensive wind resistance Rz can be obtained by the formulas (3) and (4):
namely, the air volume of the roadway can be directly calculated by measuring the position differential pressure delta h. Therefore, after the system is arranged, the wind can be rapidly measured on a daily basis or at any time conveniently.
as shown in fig. 1(a), a pressure measuring position selection is shown, fig. 1(b) is a pressure measuring pipe installation schematic, a first pressure measuring position 1 and a second pressure measuring position 2 are selected in a region with a large wind speed of a tunnel to be measured, a pipe frame 6 is arranged on the wall of the tunnel, and a pressure measuring pipe 5 is installed and fixed on the pipe frame 6. The two pressure measuring pipes 5 are respectively connected by rubber hoses 3, and the two rubber hoses 3 are guided to the position of a differential pressure meter 4 along the wall of the roadway to measure the position differential pressure. In order to reduce the influence on the pressure measurement flow field, the pressure measurement position should be selected outside the range of the pressure measurement pipe 5 or selected in an adjacent roadway. The pressure measuring pipe 5 can adopt a metal pipe with the outer diameter of more than 6mm, the rubber hose 3 adopts a rubber pipe or a plastic hose and the like with the diameter matched with that of the pressure measuring pipe 5, and the differential pressure meter 4 can adopt an inclined differential pressure meter or a digital differential pressure meter. The comprehensive wind resistance is calibrated by measuring the wind quantity by adopting an accurate wind measuring method.
Taking wind measurement of a wind cave roadway as an example. The wind tunnel has the advantages of multiple turns, short distance, large wind speed, complex flow field structure, uneven section wind speed distribution and no satisfaction of conventional wind measuring conditions, so that the position pressure difference wind measurement is arranged. The pressure measuring pipes 5 are made of stainless steel pipes with the diameter of 6mm, the pressure measuring positions 1 and 2 are selected in an air duct of a working fan, the positions of the two pressure measuring pipes 5 are separated by 5m and fixed on the wall of a roadway through pipe frames 6, the two pressure measuring pipes are connected through rubber pipes 3 with the diameter of 8mm and led to a standby fan duct, and the pressure difference of the positions is measured through a digital pressure difference meter 4.
The calibration of the comprehensive wind resistance adopts a fixed-point wind measuring method of a wind speed sensor, and the wind measuring section is arranged 5m below the position of the second pressure measuring pipe 2. The measuring section is divided into 9 approximately equal-area areas (as shown in figure 2) and 9 areas, black points in each area represent sensors, a pipe frame 6 is arranged on the roadway section, a cup-type wind speed sensor is arranged at the center of each area, and the 9 wind speed sensors simultaneously measure wind speed, so that the roadway wind speed distribution can be accurately measured, and the roadway wind volume can be calculated according to Q ═ Σ sivi. And then, by measuring the position pressure difference delta h, the comprehensive wind resistance can be calibrated and calculated by the formula (3) or (5). In order to ensure the precision, the air quantity is required to be changed, calibration calculation is carried out for multiple times, qualified data is taken, and the average value is calculated to be used as the comprehensive wind resistance Rz of the pressure measuring position. And then, daily or at any time, measuring the position pressure difference delta h to calculate the roadway air quantity Q.
The method is adopted to carry out a wind measurement experiment, and the first experiment shows that the position differential pressure delta h is more than 15Pa, and the measurement precision is higher. The pressure difference is too small and is easily affected by disturbance, and the reading error is increased. Therefore, the position and the direction of the piezometer tube should be reasonably adjusted. Secondly, the arrangement can be more compact for measuring wind of the laneway with larger wind speed or wind resistance. And the digital differential pressure gauge is convenient to read. And fourthly, although the fixed-point wind measurement method of the sensor is accurate in measurement, a plurality of supports and equipment need to be erected, and the method cannot be used for conventional wind measurement.
The invention also has the advantages that:
1. The method has the advantages that the roadway air quantity is directly measured and calculated by measuring the roadway position pressure difference without measuring the sectional area and the average air speed of the roadway, the problem of accurate wind measurement of the roadway with a complex flow field is solved, the wind measurement process is greatly simplified, and daily and random wind measurement can be realized. The method is more favorable for tunnel wind measurement in an air return area with small climate parameter change.
2. The tunnel wind measuring flow field is not interfered by wind measuring personnel, and the measuring error is small, accurate and safe.
3. the air quantity of the important ventilation roadway of the mine can be continuously monitored by being matched with a mine environment safety monitoring system.
The calibration of the comprehensive wind resistance is to adopt an accurate wind measuring method to carry out calibration calculation under the condition that the pressure measuring pipe is installed and fixed. By applying the method, the air volume of the roadway can be measured only by measuring the position pressure difference, and the daily or random wind measurement of the roadway with a complex flow field is realized. The method solves the problem of accurate wind measurement of the laneway with the complex flow field, simplifies the wind measurement process, and has small wind measurement interference, accuracy and safety.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a wind measuring method for a complicated flow field roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps: the tunnel air volume is calculated by measuring the position pressure difference and calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance of the pressure measuring position
(1) The position pressure difference delta h is the pressure difference between two pressure measuring pipes which are fixedly arranged in a complex flow field roadway, the flow field structure is complex, the wind flow direction is disordered, the actual dynamic pressure of a measuring point can not be measured completely, and the position pressure difference is a part of the total difference between the two pressure measuring positions:
k1 and k2 are residual dynamic pressure coefficients of two sections; s1 and S2 represent the area of two cross sections; rho is the density of the wind flow; r is the wind resistance of the roadway; q is the tunnel air volume;
(2) The comprehensive wind resistance Rz of the roadway pressure measuring position also comprises flow field factors (expressed as residual dynamic pressure coefficients k1 and k2) of the roadway besides the roadway wind resistance:
calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance Rz by an accurate wind measuring method;
The implementation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: selecting two pressure measuring positions in a complex flow field according to the roadway condition;
Step 2: fixing a pressure measuring pipe bracket on the wall surface of the roadway, installing a pressure measuring pipe, and connecting the pressure measuring pipe to the port of a differential pressure meter or a differential pressure sensor by using a rubber pipe;
And step 3: calibrating the comprehensive wind resistance of the positions of the two pressure measuring pipes before primary wind measurement;
And 4, step 4: and measuring or monitoring the tunnel air volume according to the measured position pressure difference and the comprehensive wind resistance.
2. The wind measuring method for the complicated flow field roadway according to claim 1, wherein: the method for measuring the position pressure difference comprises the steps of selecting a first pressure measuring position (1) and a second pressure measuring position (2) in a region with a large wind speed of a detected roadway, arranging two pipe frames (6) on the roadway wall of the first pressure measuring position (1) and the second pressure measuring position (2), respectively installing two pressure measuring pipes (5) on the two pipe frames (6), respectively connecting the two pressure measuring pipes (5) through rubber hoses (3), and leading the two rubber hoses (3) to the position of a pressure difference meter (4) along the roadway wall to measure the position pressure difference.
3. The wind measuring method for the complicated flow field roadway according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure measuring pipe (5) adopts a metal pipe with the outer diameter of more than 6mm, the rubber hose (3) adopts a rubber pipe or a plastic hose which is adaptive to the diameter of the pressure measuring pipe (5), and the differential pressure gauge (4) adopts a qualified differential pressure gauge or a differential pressure sensor.
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| CN109085379B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-10-23 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Roadway average wind speed measuring method |
| CN111595395A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Accurate tunnel air volume monitoring system and method |
| CN113310757A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for judging gas flow in extraction pipeline based on tracer gas |
| CN114109470B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-04-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Accurate measurement system and method for air quantity of mine tunnel |
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| CN103335773B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏安邦伟业人工环境有限公司 | Pipeline gas pressure measuring device |
| CN203298807U (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-11-20 | 郑州光力科技股份有限公司 | Roadway air volume measuring instrument |
| CN104329111A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-02-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining near zero wind resistance dustfall curtain method |
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