CN106442012A - Portable manual suction filter for collecting particulate organic matters in water bodies - Google Patents
Portable manual suction filter for collecting particulate organic matters in water bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106442012A CN106442012A CN201611046407.3A CN201611046407A CN106442012A CN 106442012 A CN106442012 A CN 106442012A CN 201611046407 A CN201611046407 A CN 201611046407A CN 106442012 A CN106442012 A CN 106442012A
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- filtering table
- cylinder
- particulate organic
- filter
- organic matter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1445—Overpressure, pressurisation at sampling point
- G01N2001/1463—Injector; Air-lift
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a portable manual suction filter for collecting particulate organic matters in waterbodies. The portable manual suction filter comprises a sampling device, a sample discharging device and a connecting barrel, a glass fiber filter membrane is arranged between the sampling device and the sample discharging device, and the sample feeding device and the sample discharging device are screwed into the connecting barrel in a threaded manner. The portable manual suction filter can be used for water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds, and is convenient to carry, easy to operate and capable of collecting different particle sizes of the particulate organic matters in the water bodies by arranging different pore sizes of glass fiber filters (GF/C or GF/F).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a kind of Portable manual of collection water body particulate organic matter
Nutsch filter, it is adaptable to the Evaluation of Primary Productivity of the water body such as river, lake, reservoir, pond and the biology of polluted water body
Monitoring and water quality assessment.
Background technology
Particulate organic matter (Particulate organic matter, POM) is the important component part of aquatic ecosystem
One of, as the water body such as zooplankton, zoobenthos, Fish consumer important foodstuffs originate, can reflect water body turbidity and
Trophic level.POM is mainly by algae, and the chip that zooplankton and plant and animal residue are formed constitutes, and which constitutes and physics and chemistry
Property is affected by the factor such as water body type, nutrient laden level, temperature, illumination, water velocity and Hydraulic retention time.
Particulate organic matter (POM) is made up of different biotic components, thus its composition has season and spatial diversity.No
The elementary composition difference of same biotic component, elementary composition (C/N/P) of particulate organic matter is because of water body type, season and locus
Different and there is change.Therefore, by monitoring the features such as proportion of composing, the physicochemical property of particulate organic matter, can be for evaluating water body
Trophic level, water quality and food web structure function provide valuable research material and approach.
The method of collection particulate organic matter is more single at present, depends primarily on the vacuum pump of glass material, this way
Footpath needs to carry out (electricity consumption) indoors, required kit take up room larger, take longer, carry and inconvenient operation.
The portable filter that this patent is released, small volume, easy to carry, while being satisfied with field investigation and in-house operation, will be wild
Outer water environment provides effective analytical tool with fishery resources survey.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the problems referred to above for existing for prior art, provides a kind of collection water body particulate organic matter
Portable manual nutsch filter, can be collected in water body not by placing the glass fiber filter (GF/C or GF/F) of different pore size size
With the particulate organic matter of particle diameter, and it is easy to carry, it is easy to operate.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Portable manual nutsch filter for collecting water body particulate organic matter, including injector, also includes sample device and company
Cylinder is connect, described injector includes the first filtering table, the top surface of the first filtering table is provided with injection port, the bottom surface of the first filtering table
Sample introduction filter screen is provided with, the sidepiece of the first filtering table is provided with the first external screw thread, going out sample device includes the second filtering table, and second filters
The bottom surface of disk is provided with outlet, and the top surface of the second filtering table is provided with out sample filter screen, and the sidepiece of the second filtering table is provided with
Two external screw threads, connecting cylinder includes cylinder and is arranged on the baffle ring of cylinder one end, is provided with a female thread, the first filtering table in cylinder
Bottom surface be arranged on the top surface of the second filtering table, sample introduction filter screen and go out between sample filter screen to be provided with glass fiber filter, in cylinder
Screw thread is adapted to the first external screw thread and the second external screw thread respectively, and the first filtering table is screwed into by the first external screw thread and cylinder female thread
Cylinder is interior and is pressed on baffle ring, and the second filtering table is screwed in cylinder by the second external screw thread and cylinder female thread.
The surrounding for going out sample filter screen as above is embedded with the first elastic tape.
The bottom surface of the second filtering table as above is provided with balance columns.
The bottom surface of the first filtering table as above is provided with fastener, and the top surface of the second filtering table is provided with and is adapted to fastener
Draw-in groove.
Second elastic tape is provided between baffle ring and the first filtering table as above.
The present invention is had the advantages that with respect to prior art：
Nutsch filter in the present invention can be used for the water bodys such as river, lake, reservoir and pond, can be by placing different pore size
The glass fiber filter (GF/C or GF/F) of size collects the water body particulate organic matter of different-grain diameter, and is easy to carry, it is easy to
Operation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of injector.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for sample device.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of connecting cylinder.
In figure：1st, connecting cylinder；2nd, injector；3rd, go out sample device；1-1, cylinder；1-2, baffle ring；1-3, cylinder female thread；1-4,
Two elastic tapes；2-1, injection port；2-2, sample introduction filter screen；2-3, the first external screw thread；2-4, the first filtering table；2-5, fastener；3-1、
Outlet；3-2, go out sample filter screen；3-3, the first elastic tape；3-4, balance columns；3-5, the second external screw thread；3-6, draw-in groove；3-7,
Two filtering tables.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme is further described：
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of Portable manual nutsch filter for collecting water body particulate organic matter, including injector 2, also
Including going out sample device 3 and connecting cylinder 1, described injector 2 includes the first filtering table 2-4, and the top surface of the first filtering table 2-4 is provided with
The bottom surface of injection port 2-1, the first filtering table 2-4 is provided with sample introduction filter screen 2-2, and the sidepiece of the first filtering table 2-4 is provided with first
External screw thread 2-3, going out sample device 3 includes that the bottom surface of the second filtering table 3-7, the second filtering table 3-7 is provided with outlet 3-1, the second mistake
The top surface of filter disc 3-7 is provided with out the sidepiece of sample filter screen 3-2, the second filtering table 3-7 and is provided with the second external screw thread 3-5, connecting cylinder 1
Including the cylinder 1-1 and baffle ring 1-2 for being arranged on cylinder 1-1 one end, a female thread 1-3, the first filtering table in cylinder 1-1, is provided with
The bottom surface of 2-4 is arranged on the top surface of the second filtering table 3-7, sample introduction filter screen 2-2 and goes out between sample filter screen 3-2 to be provided with glass fibers
Dimension filter membrane, cylinder female thread 1-3 be adapted to the first external screw thread 2-3 and the second external screw thread 3-5 respectively, and the first filtering table 2-4 passes through the
One external screw thread 2-3 and cylinder female thread 1-3 are screwed in cylinder 1-1 and are pressed on baffle ring 1-2, and the second filtering table 3-7 is by the
Two external screw thread 3-5 and cylinder female thread 1-3 are screwed in cylinder 1-1.
Preferably, the surrounding for going out sample filter screen 3-2 is embedded with the first elastic tape 3-3.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the second filtering table 3-7 is provided with balance columns 3-4.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the first filtering table 2-4 is provided with fastener 2-5, and the top surface of the second filtering table 3-7 is provided with and card
The draw-in groove 3-6 of part 2-5 adaptation.
Preferably, the second elastic tape 1-4 is provided between baffle ring 1-2 and the first filtering table 2-4.
In the present invention, balance columns 3-4 can be used to place horizontal plane, and the first elastic tape 3-3 for going out sample filter screen 3-2 surrounding makes
Sample filter screen 3-2 and sample introduction filter screen 2-2 closed butt joint is drawn, by the cooperation of fastener 2-5 and draw-in groove 3-6 so that the first filtering table
2-4 and the second filtering table 3-7 being relatively fixed and being fitted together to, by the first external screw thread 2-3 and the second external screw thread 3-5 by the first mistake
Filter disc 2-4 and the second filtering table 3-7 are screwed in cylinder 1-1, and the first filtering table 2-4 is pressed on baffle ring 1-2, while gear
The second elastic tape 1-4 is provided between ring 1-2 and the first filtering table 2-4, can cause cylinder female thread 1-3, the first external screw thread 2-
3rd, lock between the second external screw thread 3-5.Glass fiber filter is GF/C or GF/F.Water sample is tentatively filtered by sample introduction filter screen 2-2,
Then through glass fiber filter and go out sample filter screen 3-2 and filter further, can be used to collect the particulate organic matter of different-grain diameter.
Except the first elastic tape 3-3 and the second elastic tape 1-4 are made up of rubber, the miscellaneous part of the present invention is all using organic glass
Glass material is made.
Before nutsch filter, first with distilled water rinse injector 2, go out sample device 3 and the parts such as connecting cylinder 1, then use tweezers
Glass fiber filter needed for gripping is put in out on sample filter screen 3-2, and covers injector 2, tightens connecting cylinder 1.Use 5L lucite
Hydrophore gathers the superficial water of 11 sampled points in Xinjiang Eerqisihe River respectively, passes through syringe extract water after fully shaking up respectively
Sample is some, and syringe (removing metal needle) is inserted injection port 2-1, slowly water sample is injected the first filtering table 2-4, draws repeatedly
Water sample makes (syringe push away motionless till) until glass fiber filter, removes syringe, turns on connecting cylinder 1, opens injector 2
With go out sample device 3, with after tweezers folding glass fibrous filter membrane take out preserve, as particle organic matter samples.
The artificial nutsch filter of the present invention can be used to monitor water body carbon/nitrogen nutrition source and level of pollution.
The biology of particulate organic matter, physics, chemical feature mainly with mankind's activity produce allogenic material (muck, chemical fertilizer,
Sanitary sewage and industrial wastewater) closely related.Because different allogenic materials have the carbon source (CO of different shape3 2-、HCO3 -、CO2) with
Nitrogen source source (NH4 +、NO3 -、NO2 -), its stable isotope composition has differences.By taking nitrogen as an example, chemical fertilizer15N is relatively low (about
0), and in Animal manure source and sanitary sewage15N of a relatively high (about 5 in fresh sample extract), but due to microorganism
Activity, nitrogenous chemical industry fertilizer and Animal manure due to volatilization or denitrification, with N2After form loses a part of nitrogen, remaining
Thing15N is just higher.External source carbon is entered after aquatic ecosystem with nitrogen, is on the one hand absorbed by algae, by food web
It is delivered to the biology of more high nutrition level；On the other hand, directly utilized by omnivorousness consumer.The external source import that mankind's activity is produced
Direct or indirect impact ecosystem Different Nutrition level biology (primary producer, benthon or plankton).Therefore, profit
Particulate organic matter is collected with artificial nutsch filter, can be used to carbon/nitrogen source and its trophic level of water body is monitored, its stability nitrogen is same
The plain value in position may be used to indicate impact of the external source import to aquatic ecosystem.
As shown in table 1, the pond particulate organic matter δ of arabian cron is fed13C value is significantly higher than and feeds man-made feeds pond, this
It is C4 plant mainly due to arabian cron, with higher13Caused by C.And in lake, the Fuxian Lake granule of lean nutrient type has
Machine thing δ15N value (4.65 ‰) is more much lower than other Hyper-eutrophics, and this is a large amount of mainly due to have input in Hyper-eutrophic
Height15The external source nitrogen of N.As Three Gorges Reservoir receives many heavy contaminant from Upper Yangtze River, its external carbon/nitrogen is all than other
Reservoir is many, therefore its isotopic ratio (δ13C and δ15N) of a relatively high.Nujiang is ecological relatively primitive river with Wudinghe River
Stream, C4 plant provides more importantly carbon source, and nitrogen is less by the effect of human activity with respect to other rivers.
The each water quality particulate organic matter δ of table 113C and particulate organic matter δ15The contrast table of N value
The artificial nutsch filter of the present invention is used for evaluating source and its contribution of water body primary productivity.
Particulate organic matter is mainly by Measures of Algae in Water Body, zooplankton, feed granules (breeding water body) and plant and animal residue
Composition, the Stable isotope ratio (δ of each constituent13C and δ15N) differ greatly because source is different.Therefore, pass through
Artificial nutsch filter collection particulate organic matter, and the sample of the main constituents such as algae, feedstuff, terrestrial plant is gathered, carry out steady
Determine isotope analyses, with contribution of the various sources of stable isotope model quantitative assessment to particulate organic matter, take this to evaluate water
The main source of body primary productivity and contribution.
It is assumed that the composition for constituting water body particulate organic matter has：Algae, zooplankton, feedstuff, terrestrial plant, then each composition
Composition can be evaluated by stable isotope mixed model to the percentage contribution of particulate organic matter：
δ13CPOM=Falgaeδ13Calgae+FZPδ13CZP+Fplantδ13Cplant(1)
δ15NPOM=Falgaeδ15Nalgae+FZPδ15NZP+Fplantδ15Nplant(2)
1=Falgae+FZP+Fplant(3)
In formula (1)～(3)：Subscript POM and algae, ZP, plant represent respectively particulate organic matter and algae, swim dynamic
Thing, terrestrial plant；Falgae、FZP、FplantFor the shared contribution percentage in particulate organic matter of algae, zooplankton, terrestrial plant
Than；δ13C、δ15N represents the Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio of various materials in pond.
The particulate organic matter δ for being obtained by artificial nutsch filter13C and δ15N value is -25.52 ‰ and 3.87 ‰ (tables respectively
2) know, and respectively the stable isotope value of each constituent, you can evaluate contribution percentage of each composition to particulate organic matter
Than.Therefore, the primary productivity main source that artificial nutsch filter can be evaluated the water body is algae.
The particulate organic matter δ obtained by artificial nutsch filter by table 213C and δ15The ratio tribute of N value and its each constituent
Offer
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, simple structure, easy to assembly, operate easy：This portable nutsch filter invention is combined by syringe and defecator
Form, wherein syringe is common injector for medical purpose, it is convenient to buy.Defecator includes injector (diameter 5cm, high 3cm), goes out
Sample device (diameter 5cm, high 3.5cm) and three parts of connect band (diameter 6cm, high 2.2cm), weigh 64 grams.This two parts can be placed on
Palm over-assemble, simple structure, easy to assembly and quick.As this filter interior places filter membrane (such as：GF/C or GF/F), its
(diameter of filter membrane) is adjusted big I according to demand, and the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of nutsch filter is unaffected.Completely by means of
Manual operations and control filter membrane pressure, it is not necessary to which power supply, operation is simple, is more beneficial under the poor wild environment of condition
Operation.And conventional vacuum pump needs to be equipped with the tool equipments such as vacuum air pump, glass bomb and funnel, it is contemplated that connecting tube with
Vial, its assembling of suitability of air exhauster need certain time, and carry out under conditions of requiring to be energized indoors.Therefore,
This artificial nutsch filter invention overcomes defect and the deficiencies such as vaccum pump unit is complicated, time-consuming for early-stage preparations, need to switch on power.Can
Scene completes sucking filtration in the wild, it is to avoid crosses Multi-example and carries inconvenience.
2nd, sucking filtration process is time-consuming few, efficiency high：This portable nutsch filter invention can be completed in 2 minutes due to simple structure
Cleaning, placement filter membrane, assembling process, you can come into operation；Entirely with hand control pressure, for the different water sample selectivity of turbidity
Apply thrust, guarantee in the case that GF/C or GF/F filter membrane does not break safe sucking filtration 500ml water sample by 5 minutes.Traditional is true
Empty suction filter pump needs the long period to take air away for security consideration, to be reached for the effect of abrasion-resistance glass bottle supercharging, thus controls
Pressure processed often takes longer.Generally, traditional suction filter pump half an hour can sucking filtration 500ml water sample.
3rd, sucking filtration volume of water sample is controlled, high precision：The plastic injector of exact scale is connected with, sucking filtration volume of water sample can essence
Really to 10 milliliters.The present invention is in the case of guaranteeing that GF/F filter membrane is not broken through by pressure, and nutsch filter filters the volume of water sample can essence
10 milliliters are really reached, and the volume that traditional vacuum filtration pump filters water sample cannot be accurate to 10 milliliters, as pressure is too high
The water sample that sucking filtration can not be completed can only withdraw, and this particulate matter part being likely to result on sucking filtration filter membrane is pulled away, while will also
Recalculate actual filtration volume of water sample.Compared with traditional vacuum filtration pump, the accuracy of sucking filtration water sample is largely obtained
Improve.
Specific embodiment described herein is only explanation for example to present invention spirit.The affiliated technology neck of the present invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement or replaced using similar mode to described specific embodiment
Generation, but the spirit without departing from the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of collect water body particulate organic matter Portable manual nutsch filter, including injector（2）, it is characterised in that also wrap
Include sample device（3）And connecting cylinder（1）, described injector（2）Including the first filtering table（2-4）, the first filtering table（2-4）Top
Face is provided with injection port（2-1）, the first filtering table（2-4）Bottom surface be provided with sample introduction filter screen（2-2）, the first filtering table（2-4）
Sidepiece be provided with the first external screw thread（2-3）, go out sample device（3）Including the second filtering table（3-7）, the second filtering table（3-7）Bottom
Face is provided with outlet（3-1）, the second filtering table（3-7）Top surface be provided with out sample filter screen（3-2）, the second filtering table（3-7）
Sidepiece be provided with the second external screw thread（3-5）, connecting cylinder（1）Including cylinder（1-1）Be arranged on cylinder（1-1）The baffle ring of one end
（1-2）, cylinder（1-1）A tin female thread is inside provided with（1-3）, the first filtering table（2-4）Bottom surface be arranged on the second filtering table（3-
7）Top surface on, sample introduction filter screen（2-2）With go out sample filter screen（3-2）Between be provided with glass fiber filter, cylinder female thread（1-3）Point
Not with the first external screw thread（2-3）With the second external screw thread（3-5）Adaptation, the first filtering table（2-4）By the first external screw thread（2-3）With
Cylinder female thread（1-3）It is screwed into cylinder（1-1）Interior and be pressed on baffle ring（1-2）On, the second filtering table（3-7）By the second outer spiral shell
Stricture of vagina（3-5）With cylinder female thread（1-3）It is screwed into cylinder（1-1）Interior.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of collect water body particulate organic matter Portable manual nutsch filter, it is characterised in that
Described goes out sample filter screen（3-2）Surrounding be embedded with the first elastic tape（3-3）.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of collect water body particulate organic matter Portable manual nutsch filter, it is characterised in that
The second described filtering table（3-7）Bottom surface be provided with balance columns（3-4）.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of collect water body particulate organic matter Portable manual nutsch filter, it is characterised in that
The first described filtering table（2-4）Bottom surface be provided with fastener（2-5）, the second filtering table（3-7）Top surface be provided with and fastener
（2-5）The draw-in groove of adaptation（3-6）.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of collect water body particulate organic matter Portable manual nutsch filter, it is characterised in that
Described baffle ring（1-2）With the first filtering table（2-4）Between be provided with the second elastic tape（1-4）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611046407.3A CN106442012B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of Portable manual nutsch filter for collecting water body particulate organic matter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611046407.3A CN106442012B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of Portable manual nutsch filter for collecting water body particulate organic matter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106442012A true CN106442012A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106442012B CN106442012B (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611046407.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106442012B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of Portable manual nutsch filter for collecting water body particulate organic matter |
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| CN107596786A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-19 | 宁波帅康热水器有限公司 | Filter, water heater main body, shower components, safety valve and water heater |
| CN109100204A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-28 | 王汝贵 | A kind of automatic pumping sample presentation acquisition nutsch filter |
| CN110470508A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-19 | 付丽华 | A kind of medical inspection urine sampling equipment |
| KR20220045402A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-12 | 한국화학연구원 | Optimal micro-adjustment filter holder devices and systems for sampling and mass measurement of aerosols |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110470508A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-19 | 付丽华 | A kind of medical inspection urine sampling equipment |
| KR20220045402A (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-12 | 한국화학연구원 | Optimal micro-adjustment filter holder devices and systems for sampling and mass measurement of aerosols |
| KR102485607B1 (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2023-01-06 | 한국화학연구원 | Optimal micro-adjustment filter holder devices and systems for sampling and mass measurement of aerosols |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106442012B (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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