CN106441141B - Combustion detection system and combustion detection method thereof - Google Patents
Combustion detection system and combustion detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441141B CN106441141B CN201611102282.1A CN201611102282A CN106441141B CN 106441141 B CN106441141 B CN 106441141B CN 201611102282 A CN201611102282 A CN 201611102282A CN 106441141 B CN106441141 B CN 106441141B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combustion detection system and a combustion detection method thereof. The combustion detection system comprises a transmitting end fixing device, a rotary table I, a transmitting device, a laser switching device, a light path calibration device, a receiving end fixing device, a rotary table II, an optical filter, a receiving device and a photoelectric detector; the rotary table I and the rotary table II are respectively fixed on the transmitting end fixing device and the receiving end fixing device; the launching device is fixedly arranged on the rotary table I; the light path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device; the laser switching device is connected with the transmitting device through an optical fiber; the optical filter and the receiving device are coaxially fixed on the rotary table II; the receiving device is connected with the photoelectric detector through an optical fiber; when the light path calibration is carried out, the transmitting device transmits the indicating light to pass through the hearth after passing through the light path calibration device, and the indicating light is reflected by the optical filter and enters the light path calibration device to carry out the light path calibration. The combustion detection system can be quickly aligned when the boiler is in a cold state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combustion detection system and a combustion detection method thereof, in particular to a combustion detection system capable of measuring deformation of a furnace wall and quickly collimating and repairing under a cold machine and a combustion detection method thereof.
Background
In ChinaMost of the electric power comes from thermal power generation. But the thermal power generation is very polluted and the efficiency is relatively low at present. While temperature and CO 2 Concentration, etc. are important parameters for combustion in the furnace. Optical type sensors based on the laser spectroscopy principle have been used to solve the concentration component measurement problems associated with extraction measurement techniques, and measurement techniques based on the laser spectroscopy principle also have the advantage of providing high speed feedback suitable for dynamic process control.
In the prior art, tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) is often used to measure combustion gas composition, temperature fields and other combustion parameters. The TDLAS detection combustion system needs to combine more than two wavelengths of laser light into a beam of light that passes through the furnace, enters an optical antenna at the receiving end and then is coupled into an optical fiber. The TDLAS detection combustion system needs to be installed in a cold state of a thermal power plant, and the conventional method is that an emitting device emits indicating light to a receiving end, the indicating light is switched to infrared light, and at the moment, a scanning algorithm is used for scanning signals. This approach requires a significant amount of time to set up to ensure that the optical axis of the incident end is coaxial with the optical axis of the receiving end. Meanwhile, the temperature change from preheating to full load in the hearth is large, the deformation of the furnace wall can cause the deviation of the collimation of the receiving end and the transmitting end to cause laser deviation, and when the boiler is started and operated again after being stopped from the operation state, the unrecoverable deformation of the furnace wall has great influence on the repeated use of the TDLAS detection combustion system, so that the receiving and transmitting optical paths need to be regularly aligned and adjusted quickly before the start of the boiler (namely under the condition of a cold machine). Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing boiler detecting and burning system, so that the boiler detecting and burning system has the function of quick and accurate adjustment and correction, and the running efficiency of the detecting and burning system is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a combustion detection system capable of performing quick alignment in a cold state of a boiler.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combustion detection system, comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end; the transmitting end transmits laser, and the laser is received by the receiving end through the hearth to perform signal scanning; the transmitting end can switch to transmit indicating light and temperature field measuring wave band light; the device comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end, a transmitting end, a rotating table I, a laser switching device and a light path calibration device, wherein the transmitting end comprises a transmitting end fixing device, the rotating table I, a transmitting device, the laser switching device and the light path calibration device are used for detecting the coaxial line of optical axes of the transmitting end and the receiving end; the receiving end comprises a receiving end fixing device, a rotary table II, an optical filter, a receiving device and a photoelectric detector; the rotary table I and the rotary table II are respectively fixed on the transmitting end fixing device and the receiving end fixing device; the launching device is fixedly arranged on the rotary table I; the light path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device and is positioned at the front end of the transmitting end; the laser switching device is connected with the transmitting device through an optical fiber; the optical filter and the receiving device are coaxially fixed on the rotary table II; the receiving device is connected with the photoelectric detector through an optical fiber; when the light path calibration is carried out, the transmitting device transmits the indicating light to pass through the hearth after passing through the light path calibration device, and the indicating light enters the light path calibration device to carry out light path calibration after being reflected by the optical filter; when the combustion is detected, the light path calibration device is removed, the emitting device emits light in a temperature field measuring wave band, and the light passes through the hearth and is received by the receiving device through the optical filter.
The optical path calibration device comprises an optical detection clamping piece, a semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, an objective lens and a target plate; the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged on the optical detection clamping piece; the optical path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device through an optical detection clamping piece; the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the emitting light of the emitting device are arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; the optical axis of the emitting device and the optical axis of the objective lens are perpendicularly intersected at the center of the half-reflecting and half-transmitting lens.
A detachable device or a pushing device is arranged on the lower end face of the optical detection clamping piece; the detachable device adopts a clamping groove or a buckle; the pushing device adopts a slide rail or a slide block.
The optical detection clamping piece is a fixed supporting plate or a small detection box; when the fixed supporting plate is adopted, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged on the front surface of the fixed supporting plate, and the detachable device or the pushing device is arranged on the back surface of the fixed supporting plate; when the detection capsule is adopted, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged in the detection capsule, and the detachable device or the movable device is arranged on the outer side face of the bottom of the detection capsule.
The optical detection clamping piece preferably adopts a small detection box; the small detection box is provided with a light inlet hole, a light outlet hole and a visible window; the light inlet and the light outlet are positioned at the left side and the right side of the front end of the small detection box and are opposite to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror; the visual window is positioned on the rear end face of the small detection box and is opposite to the target plate.
The target plate is a reticle with a reticle or a CCD target plate.
The semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror is plated with an indicating light wave band semi-transparent semi-reflecting film; the optical filter is coated with a temperature field measuring wave band light anti-reflection film.
The receiving end fixing device and the transmitting end fixing device both adopt mechanical cantilevers.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler hearth by using the combustion detection system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Fast alignment operation under cold machine: switching a laser switching device into indicating light, adjusting a rotary table I to enable the indicating light projected by an emitting device to sequentially pass through a light path calibration device and a boiler furnace, reflecting the indicating light into the light path calibration device through an optical filter, and finely adjusting a rotary table II according to the position information of a reflection light spot in the light path calibration device to enable the light path of the emitting device and the light path of the optical filter to share an optical axis;
(2) After the boiler is started up, the laser switching device is switched to temperature field measuring band light, the light path calibration device is removed, the laser projected by the emitting device directly enters the optical filter through the boiler hearth, the signal acquired by the receiving device is received by the photoelectric detector, and the temperature field is measured;
(3) And (3) repeating the quick alignment operation under the cooler in the step (1) from operation to shutdown of the boiler.
When the optical path calibration device adopts the structure of the optical detection clamping piece, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate (namely the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged on the optical detection clamping piece, the optical path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device through the optical detection clamping piece, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the transmitting device are arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees, and the optical axis of the transmitting device and the optical axis of the objective lens are perpendicularly crossed at the center of the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror):
in the step (1), the indicating light is reflected into the light path calibration device through the optical filter, the indicating light is reflected to the objective lens through the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror, the focused light spot is projected onto the target plate, the deflection angle of the optical filter is calculated according to the distance of the focused light spot deviating from the center of the target plate, and the turntable II is finely adjusted, so that the focused light spot is overlapped at the center of the target plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention uses the light path calibration device to carry out coaxial line detection of the light paths of the transmitting end and the receiving end, receives the indicating light reflected by the receiving device (namely the receiving light path) through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film, focuses the indicating light on the target plate through the objective lens, and rapidly aligns or interprets the deformation offset through the digitization of the light plate on the position of the target plate. When the boiler is started and operated, the optical detection clamping piece is removed by using the detachable device or the pushing device of the optical path calibration device, so that the measurement of the combustion detection system on the combustion parameters of the hearth is not influenced. Because the receiving end of the system adopts the optical filter which can penetrate through the temperature field measuring wave band and has the reflection function on the indicating light, the collimating, detecting and adjusting of the detecting and burning system and the whole process of measuring the boiler temperature field do not need to be replaced and removed, and the structure improves the performance of the detecting and burning system and is very simple and convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion detection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path calibration performed by the combustion detection system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical path calibration apparatus in fig. 1.
In the figure, 1-a transmitting device, 2-a rotary table I, 3-a mechanical cantilever I, 4-a laser switching device, 5-an optical detection clamping piece, 51-a light inlet, 52-a light outlet, 53-a visible window, 6-a target plate, 7-an objective lens, 8-a half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror, 9-a receiving device, 10-an optical filter, 11-a rotary table II, 12-a detector, 13-a boiler temperature field, and 14-a mechanical cantilever II.
In FIG. 2, α -deflection angle, f-objective focal length, d-focus light deviation distance.
Detailed Description
The combustion detection system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the combustion detection system can be quickly aligned and used for measuring the deformation of the furnace wall under the condition of a cold machine, and comprises a laser transmitting end and a laser receiving end which are arranged on two sides of a boiler hearth, and specifically comprises a transmitting device 1, a rotary table I2, a mechanical cantilever I3, a laser switching device 4, a light path calibration device, a receiving device 9, an optical filter 10, a rotary table II 11, a photoelectric detector 12 and a mechanical cantilever II 14. The boiler temperature field 13 is located in the boiler furnace. The rotary table I and the rotary table II are orthogonal rotary tables which rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in an orthogonal mode, and can be adjusted manually or controlled by the rotary tables.
The transmitting end of the combustion detection system is composed of a transmitting device 1, a rotary table I2, a mechanical cantilever I3, a laser switching device 4 and a light path calibration device. The optical path calibration device is arranged at the front end of the transmitting end and comprises an optical detection clamping piece 5, a target plate 6, an objective lens 7 and a half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror 8. Laser auto-change over device 4 passes through fiber connection emitter 1, and emitter 1 passes through revolving stage I2 fixed mounting on mechanical cantilever I3. The optical path calibration device is detachably arranged on the mechanical cantilever I3 through an optical detection clamping piece 5 and is assembled at the front end of the emitting device 1. In this embodiment, the optical detection card 5 is a detection capsule made of transparent or non-transparent material, for example, fig. 3 shows a transparent material, and the target plate 6, the objective lens 7, and the half-transparent mirror 8 are fixed in the optical detection card 5, so as to prevent the external environment from affecting the optical path and prolong the service life of the device. The left side and the right side of the front end of the small detection box are respectively provided with a light inlet 51 and a light outlet 52 which are opposite to the center of the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror. The rear end face of the small detection box is provided with a visual window 53 which is opposite to the target plate 6. As shown in fig. 3, a sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the small detection box, a sliding groove formed in the sliding block is assembled and combined with a sliding rail arranged at a position corresponding to the mechanical cantilever i 3, the sliding block slides on the sliding rail to be assembled or removed, the sliding block can be omitted in specific implementation, and the sliding groove is directly arranged at the bottom of the small detection box to achieve the function; or the bottom of the small detection box is provided with a buckle (or a clamping groove), the position corresponding to the mechanical cantilever I3 is provided with the clamping groove (or the buckle), the buckle and the clamping groove are connected through the buckle, and the buckle and the clamping groove can be manually disassembled. The optical detection card 5 can also directly adopt a plate-shaped structure to fix the target plate 6, the objective lens 7 and the half-mirror 8. The half mirror 8 in the light path calibration device is arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees with the emitted light of the emitting device 1, and the half mirror 8 is plated with a half mirror film for indicating the light wave band, so that the optical axis of the emitting device 1 and the optical axis of the objective lens 7 are perpendicularly intersected at the midpoint of the half mirror 8 and are conjugated. The target plate 6 is placed at the focal point of the objective lens 7 and is coaxial. The target plate 6 may be a reticle or a CCD target plate or the like, and is used for determining the position information of the focused light spot. More simply, the objective lens 7 and the target plate 6 can be directly replaced by matching a CCD camera and a camera lens, such as a Sony XCG-5005E industrial CCD and a computer MP5018-MP2 industrial lens.
The receiving end of the combustion detection system is composed of a receiving device 9, an optical filter 10, a rotary table II 11, a photoelectric detector 12 and a mechanical cantilever II 14. The optical filter 10 and the receiving device 9 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotary table II 11 and are fixedly arranged on the mechanical cantilever II 14 through the rotary table II 11, and the receiving device 9 is connected with the photoelectric detector 12 through an optical fiber; wherein, the optical filter 10 is coated with a temperature field measuring wave band antireflection film, and the optical filter has a high reflectivity for the indicating light.
The specific use of the combustion detection system of the present invention for detection is as follows: under a cold machine, a laser switching device 4 is switched into indicating light, the optical path calibration device is arranged on a mechanical cantilever I3 through an optical detection clamping piece 5, an adjusting rotary table I2 enables the indicating light projected by an emitting device 1 to penetrate through a semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror 8 and be projected onto a receiving end optical filter 10, the optical filter 10 reflects the indicating light onto the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror 8, the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror 8 reflects the indicating light to an objective lens 7 again, and focused light spots are projected onto a target plate 6. The focal length of the objective lens 7 and the size of the target plate 6 determine the range of deflection angle measurements, and the focal length of the objective lens 7 and the pixel size of the target plate 6 determine the device resolution. If the optical axes of the emitting device 1 and the receiving device 9 are not parallel, the focused light spot will deviate from the center of the target plate 6 and deviate from the relative position of the central point of the target plate, and the following formula can be substituted to calculate the deflection angle of the optical filter 10, as shown in fig. 2:
in the formula: d is the focus light deviation distance (relative to the center position of the target plate), f is the focal length of the objective lens, and f is the deflection angle.
And (4) according to the deflection angle value calculated by the formula, enabling the focusing light spot to be overlapped at the center of the target plate 6 by finely adjusting the turntable II.
If the focal length of the objective lens is 50mm, the rotation amount of the rotary table is 1 step size and is 0.1mrad under the condition that the rotary table does not rotate finely, the target plate uses a CCD target plate, the pixel of the target plate is 2592 multiplied by 1944, the pixel size is 2.2 mu m multiplied by 2.2 mu m, and the calibration range of the system can be obtained through the formula: 57mrad × 42mrad, and the calibration accuracy is 0.02mrad.
When the focusing light spot deviates from the central point of the target plate by +50 pixels along the x axis, the corresponding deviation distance is +110 mu m, the receiving device deviates by 1.1mrad relative to the transmitting device through formula calculation, and at the moment, an instruction is sent to adjust the turntable II 11 to rotate 11 steps along the x negative direction, so that the focusing light spot is overlapped with the central point of the target plate 6, and then alignment is completed.
After the boiler is started: the laser switching device 4 is switched to temperature field measuring waveband light, the light path calibration device installed on the mechanical cantilever I3 is taken down, subsequent signal acquisition is carried out, and the temperature field is measured.
After the boiler is shut down from operation: and repeating the quick alignment operation under the cold machine, recording the deviation position, and adjusting the rotary table II 11 to enable the focusing light spot to coincide with the central point of the target plate to finish the repair. If the light spot moves out of the detection range, the deformation is considered to be too large, and recalibration is needed.
Claims (6)
1. The method comprises the steps that a combustion detection system is adopted for detecting combustion parameters of a boiler hearth, and the combustion detection system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end; the transmitting end transmits laser, and the laser is received by the receiving end through the hearth to perform signal scanning; the transmitting end can switch to transmit indicating light and temperature field measuring band light; the method is characterized in that:
the transmitting end comprises a transmitting end fixing device, a rotary table I, a transmitting device, a laser switching device and a light path calibrating device for detecting the coaxial line of the optical axes of the transmitting end and the receiving end;
the receiving end comprises a receiving end fixing device, a rotary table II, an optical filter, a receiving device and a photoelectric detector;
the rotary table I and the rotary table II are respectively fixed on the transmitting end fixing device and the receiving end fixing device;
the transmitting device is fixedly arranged on the rotary table I;
the optical path calibration device comprises an optical detection clamping piece, a semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, an objective lens and a target plate; the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged on the optical detection clamping piece; a detachable device or a pushing device is arranged on the lower end face of the optical detection clamping piece; the detachable device adopts a clamping groove or a buckle; the pushing device adopts a slide rail or a slide block; the optical path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device through the optical detection clamping piece; the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the emitted light of the emitting device are arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; the optical axis of the transmitting device and the optical axis of the objective lens are perpendicularly intersected at the center of the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror; the light path calibration device is detachably arranged on the transmitting end fixing device and is positioned at the front end of the transmitting end; the optical detection clamping piece is a fixed supporting plate or a small detection box; the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, the objective lens and the target plate are arranged on the front surface of the fixed supporting plate or in the small detection box; the detachable device or the pushing device is arranged on the back surface of the fixed supporting plate or the outer side surface of the bottom of the small detection box;
the laser switching device is connected with the transmitting device through an optical fiber;
the optical filter and the receiving device are coaxially fixed on the rotary table II;
the receiving device is connected with the photoelectric detector through an optical fiber;
when the light path calibration is carried out, the transmitting device transmits the indicating light to pass through the light path calibration device, then the indicating light passes through the hearth, is reflected by the optical filter and then enters the light path calibration device to carry out the light path calibration;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) Fast alignment operation under cold machine: switching the laser switching device into indicating light, adjusting the rotary table I to enable the indicating light projected by the emitting device to sequentially pass through the light path calibrating device and the boiler furnace, reflecting the indicating light into the light path calibrating device through the optical filter, and finely adjusting the rotary table II according to the position information of a reflecting light spot in the light path calibrating device to enable the light path of the emitting device and the light path of the optical filter to share an optical axis;
(2) After the boiler is started up, switching the laser switching device into temperature field measuring band light, taking down or removing the light path calibration device, enabling the laser projected by the emitting device to directly enter the optical filter through the boiler hearth, receiving the signal acquired by the receiving device through the photoelectric detector, and measuring the temperature field;
(3) And (3) repeating the quick alignment operation under the cooler in the step (1) from operation to shutdown of the boiler.
2. The method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the indicating light is reflected into the light path calibration device through the optical filter, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror reflects the indicating light to the objective lens again, the focused light spot is projected onto the target plate, the deflection angle of the optical filter is calculated according to the distance of the focused light spot deviating from the center of the target plate, and the turntable II is finely adjusted to enable the focused light spot to be overlapped at the center of the target plate.
3. The method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical detection clamping piece is a small detection box; the small detection box is provided with a light inlet hole, a light outlet hole and a visible window; the light inlet and the light outlet are positioned on the left side and the right side of the front end of the small detection box and are opposite to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror; the visual window is positioned on the rear end face of the small detection box and is opposite to the target plate.
4. The method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler furnace according to the claim 3, characterized in that: the target plate is a reticle with reticle or a CCD target plate.
5. The method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror is plated with an indicating light wave band semi-transparent semi-reflective film; and the optical filter is coated with a temperature field measuring waveband light antireflection film.
6. The method for detecting the combustion parameters of the boiler furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the receiving end fixing device and the transmitting end fixing device both adopt mechanical cantilevers.
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CN109387403B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-01-22 | 山东恒利检测技术有限公司 | Combustion waste gas sampling detection research device |
CN112298007B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-03-15 | 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 | Laser safety protection system and method and vehicle |
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CN104536151A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Quick alignment device |
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