CN106431486A - 一种无机保温装饰材料 - Google Patents
一种无机保温装饰材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种无机保温装饰材料,由以下步骤制备而成:(1)以陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥,集合烘干;(2)粉碎,加入发泡剂细磨匀化;(3)加入水搅拌匀化;(4)送入模具内铺平压紧;(5)在坯体表面铺垫陶瓷粉体,压实,烘干;(6)在坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料,烘干;(7)在坯体上印花;(8)将窑炉余热引至干燥器,将上述半成品烘干;(9)送入窑炉,在1000‑1300度高温发泡、烧结成型,然后冷却至650‑550度,保温0.5‑1.5小时,再自然冷却;(10)切割磨边,检验、包装入库。本发明获得的无机保温装饰材料各种性能更加优异、稳定,不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落,且可大幅降低制造成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无机保温装饰材料。
背景技术
随着国家建筑节能政策的强力推行,建筑保温已成为非做不可的项目,但在多年的实践中,由于现在市场广泛使用的保温材料如岩棉、聚氨酯、挤塑板、发泡水泥等普遍存在吸水率高、强度低、使用寿命短、易粉化、萎缩变形、开裂脱落,甚至燃烧引起火灾等问题。
传统的建筑保温系先往墙上做一层保温层,再在保温层上做装饰层,两次施工使得工程造价大幅增加。
针对保温装饰二次施工的问题,也有人尝试了在工厂将保温材料进行复合后,制成保温装饰一体化板,再用龙骨架将一体板固定于墙面上。此法虽解决了二次施工的问题,但仍然存在下列问题无法解决:
1)这些板所使用的保温材料未变,其本身存在的缺陷没有改变;
2)在工厂复合时,使用的粘结材料均为有机材料,易老化、在室外条件急冷急热、风雨冲击下使用寿命更短,易造成装饰保温层分离,装饰层脱落,此类产品进入市场不到几年,现已有大量保温装饰层大面积开裂脱落的工程案例。
综上所述,市场急需解决建筑保温存在问题的新的材料和方式。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种各种性能更加优异、稳定,不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落,且可大幅降低制造成本的无机保温装饰材料。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种无机保温装饰材料,由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)以陶瓷碎片30-60wt%、废玻璃20-40wt%、河道淤泥5-15wt%,集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下;所述陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥的质量百分比之和为100%;
(2)将经步骤(1)处理所得的集合料粉碎,然后加入相当于集合料3-5wt%的发泡剂细磨匀化,获得细度小于200目的粉体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得粉体送入高速混料机内,加入相当于粉体4-6wt%的水搅拌匀化后,送入料仓储存备用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧,获得有一定强度的坯体;
(5)在步骤(4)所得的坯体表面铺垫1-5mm厚的陶瓷粉体,作为坯体的装饰面层,再一次压实,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(6)在步骤(5)所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(7)按设计的各种花色图案,在步骤(6)所得坯体上印花,得到符合设计要求的半成品;
(8)将窑炉余热引至干燥器,将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(9)将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉,在1000-1300度高温发泡、烧结成型,然后冷却至650-550度,保温0.5-1.5小时,再自然冷却;
(10)将冷却后的材料从窑内取出,按设计规格切割磨边,检验、包装入库。
进一步,步骤(2)中,将经步骤(1)处理所得的集合料粉碎至100目以下。
进一步,步骤(2)中,所述发泡剂为碳黑、三氧化二锑或二氧化锰中的一种或几种。
进一步,步骤(5)中,所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法:以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合,送入干磨机磨15-20小时,获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体;所述“%”为质量百分数,各物料的质量百分数之和为100%。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)采用高温发泡技术,将陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥按比例集合,制备成粉料,加发泡剂后用高温发泡烧结,获得一种密度小、强度高、吸水率极低、不变形、不老化、不怕酸碱腐蚀、不燃烧的性能优异的,真正与建筑物同寿命的无机保温材料,以克服现有保温材料的主要缺点;
(2)以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合,送入干磨机磨15-20小时,获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体,均匀布置在保温层坯体上,压实,因其品质和性能与保温层相近,结合在一起整体性能更稳定;
(3)保温装饰一次烧成,形成牢不可破的整体:
1)高温烧结制品是世界至今最稳定而耐久的材料;
2)保温层与装饰层在高温烧制过程中,保温层、装饰层材料在1200度高温下均呈液体状态,此过程中相连的上下层互相渗透,各层交错在一起,冷却后形成一个牢不可破的整体,不会变形、开裂、剥离、脱落;
3)烧制前在坯体表面着色或印出仿大理石、仿花岗岩、仿木纹等各种花色、图案饰面,其逼真性足可以假乱真,然后经高温烧制成瓷,永不褪色;
4)一次烧成较之在工厂二次复合,简单,可大幅降低成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种无机保温装饰材料,由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)以陶瓷碎片60wt%、废玻璃30wt%、河道淤泥10wt%,集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(2)用雷蒙磨将步骤(1)所得集合料粉碎至100目以下,加入相当于集合料4.4wt%的发泡剂(其中:碳黑0.9wt%,三氧化二锑2wt%,二氧化锰1.5wt%)细磨匀化,获得细度小于200目的粉体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得粉体送入高速混料机内,加入相当于粉体5wt%的水搅拌匀化后,送入料仓储存备用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧,获得有一定强度的坯体;
(5)在步骤(4)所得的坯体表面铺垫2mm厚的陶瓷粉体,作为装饰层,再一次压实,烘干至含水率1wt%以下,进一步增强坯体强度和平整度;
所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法:以钾长石34%、石英20%、方解石10%、高岭土8%、氧化锌2%、熔块8%、白云石3%、高温色料5%集合,送入干磨机磨16小时,获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体;所述“%”为质量百分数;
(6)在步骤(5)所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋陶瓷釉料,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(7)按设计的各种花色图案,在步骤(6)所得坯体上印花,得到符合设计要求的半成品;
(8)将窑炉余热引至干燥器,将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(9)将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉,在1200度高温发泡、烧结成型,然后冷却至600度,保温1小时,再自然冷却;
(10)将冷却后的材料从窖内取出,按设计规格切割磨边,检验、包装入库。
本实施例获得干密度小于280公斤/立方米,厚度25-100毫米,导热系数小于0.078W/m·k,抗压强度大于3MPa,吸水率小于0.5%,燃烧性能A1级,表面带有各种花色图案,既有优异的保温隔热性能,又具美覌大方的保温装饰材料。
实施例2
一种无机保温装饰材料,由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)以陶瓷碎片45wt%、废玻璃40wt%、河道淤泥15wt%,集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(2)用雷蒙磨斗将步骤(1)所得集合料碎至100目以下,然后加入相当于集合料3wt%的发泡剂(其中:碳黑0.5wt%,三氧化二锑1.5wt%,二氧化锰1wt%)细磨匀化,获得细度小于200目的粉体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得粉体送入高速混料机内,加入相当于粉体6wt%的水搅拌匀化后,送入料仓储存备用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧,获得有一定强度的坯体;
(5)在步骤(4)所得的坯体表面铺垫5mm厚的陶瓷粉体,作为装饰层,再一次压实,烘干至含水率1wt%以下,进一步增强坯体强度和平整度;
所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法:以钾长石50%、石英15%、方解石7%、高岭土8%、氧化锌2%、熔块8%、白云石4%、高温色料6%集合,送入干磨机磨18小时,获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体;所述“%”为质量百分数;
(6)在步骤(5)所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(7)按设计的各种花色图案,在步骤(6)所得坯体上印花,得到符合设计要求的半成品;
(8)将窑炉余热引至干燥器,将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(9)将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉,在1200度高温发泡、烧结成型,然后冷却至600度,保温1小时,再自然冷却;
(10)将冷却后的材料从窑内取出,按设计规格切割磨边,检验、包装入库。
本实施例获得干密度小于450公斤/立方米,厚度60-200毫米,导热系数小于0.1W/m·k,抗压强度大于8MPa,吸水率小于0.3%,燃烧性能A1级,表面带有各种花色图案,既有优异的保温隔热性能,又具美覌大方的保温装饰材料和保温装饰墙体材料。
Claims (4)
1.一种无机保温装饰材料,其特征在于,由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)以陶瓷碎片30-60wt%、废玻璃20-40wt%、河道淤泥5-15wt%,集合烘干至含水率1wt%以下;所述陶瓷碎片、废玻璃、河道淤泥的质量百分比之和为100%;
(2)将经步骤(1)处理所得的集合料粉碎,然后加入相当于集合料3-5wt%的发泡剂细磨匀化,获得细度小于200目的粉体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得粉体送入高速混料机内,加入相当于粉体4-6wt%的水搅拌匀化后,送入料仓储存备用;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料按设计的产品密度定量送入模具内铺平压紧,获得有一定强度的坯体;
(5)在步骤(4)所得的坯体表面铺垫1-5mm厚的陶瓷粉体,作为坯体的装饰面层,再一次压实,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(6)在步骤(5)所得的坯体表层上抛撒彩色饰面颗粒或喷淋高温釉料,烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(7)按设计的各种花色图案,在步骤(6)所得坯体上印花,得到符合设计要求的半成品;
(8)将窑炉余热引至干燥器,将上述半成品烘干至含水率1wt%以下;
(9)将上述烘干后的半成品送入窑炉,在1000-1300度高温发泡、烧结成型,然后冷却至650-550度,保温0.5-1.5小时,再自然冷却;
(10)将冷却后的材料从窑内取出,按设计规格切割磨边,检验、包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无机保温装饰材料,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,将经步骤(1)处理所得的集合料粉碎至100目以下。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的无机保温装饰材料,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述发泡剂为碳黑、三氧化二锑或二氧化锰中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的无机保温装饰材料,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,所述陶瓷粉体的制备方法:以钾长石30-50%、石英10-25%、方解石5-15%、高岭土3-10%、氧化锌1-2%、熔块6-10%、白云石1-5%、高温色料2-10%集合,送入干磨机磨15-20小时,获得325目以下的陶瓷粉体;所述“%”为质量百分数,各物料的质量百分数之和为100%。
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