CN106431136A - 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种复合保温板及其制备方法，包含纸浆、二氧化硅气凝胶、水泥或建筑石膏、填料、纤维、可再分散乳胶粉、保水剂、阻燃剂、膨润土、防水剂、发泡剂、水。将水和纸浆混合浸泡，将纸浆破碎形成浆体，然后按比例加入剩余组分中除二氧化硅气凝胶以外的其他组分并搅拌，然后再按比例加入二氧化硅气凝胶并搅拌，经压实、烘干成型。本发明制得的复合保温板具备优异的保温性、防火性和耐久性，使用寿命长，绿色环保，节能省材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温建材技术领域，特别是涉及一种复合保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有保温板材主要分为有机保温板和无机保温板。有机保温板突出的优点就是保温性能非常好。但其在使用过程中防火性差，易失火，存在较大的安全隐患，而且有机保温板的耐久性差、寿命较短。因此墙体保温系统需要隔期翻新，不但造成巨大的资源浪费且不利于节能环保。故而聚苯保温板已经被很多国家或地区列入了限制使用名单。
无机保温板具有优异的防火性和耐久性，可以满足保温系统与建筑物同寿命的要求，是保温材料的一个重要的发展方向。但现有的无机保温板主要组分是水泥膨胀珍珠岩砂浆、加气混凝土等，由于这些材料容重较大，导热系数相对较高，保温效果差。
针对现有技术中的复合保温板保温效果差、防火性差、耐久性差的缺点，如何能开发一种兼具有优异的保温效果、防火性及耐久性的复合保温板,成为当前业界急需改进的目标。
发明内容
本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种保温效果好、防火性好、耐久性好的复合保温板，从而克服现有的产品保温效果差、防火性差、耐久性差的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的一种复合保温板，以纸浆为基体材料，以二氧化硅气凝胶为保温材料配制而成，纸浆和气凝胶总体积为V，按体积份数计为：
纸浆 15％-85％V
二氧化硅气凝胶 15％-85％V
纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，按重量百分数计该复合保温板还包括以下组分：
所述总重量以干基计，即不包括在制造过程中所加入的必要量的水。
作为本发明的一种改进，所述纸浆的含水率为0％-75％。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述水泥为白水泥和/或硫铝酸盐水泥，所述建筑石膏为α-半水石膏和/或β-半水石膏。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述阻燃剂为1/3磷酸氢二铵和2/3磷酸二氢铵的组合或氢氧化铝和/或氢氧化镁。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述防水剂为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、有机硅中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述填料为硅灰、高岭土、重质碳酸钙中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述保水剂为羟甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基纤维素醚、羟丙基纤维素醚中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种改进，其中所述纤维为聚丙烯纤维和/或木质纤维。
本发明要解决的第二个问题是提供一种保温效果好、防火性好、耐久性好的复合保温板的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种上述复合保温板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)配料和混料：首先将水和纸浆混合浸泡，将纸浆破碎形成浆体，然后按比例加入剩余组分中除二氧化硅气凝胶以外的其他组分并搅拌，然后再按比例加入二氧化硅气凝胶并搅拌；
2)压实、烘干成型。
作为本发明的一种改进，步骤1)中需要投加的可再分散乳胶粉和阻燃剂投加之前在30℃-60℃热水中分散均匀，然后再进行投加。
综上所述，本发明的复合保温板及其制备方法，二氧化硅气凝胶密度极轻，但其非常坚固耐用，耐高温且导热性和折射率也很低。该复合保温板以二氧化硅气凝胶为主要保温源、纸浆包裹二氧化硅气凝胶，起连接作用，以水泥和建筑石膏作为胶凝材料胶粘气凝胶和纸浆，起增强作用。本发明制得的复合保温板具备优异的保温性、防火性和耐久性，使用寿命长，绿色环保，节能省材。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本发明的复合保温板，包括以下成分：纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶的总体积为V，含水率70％纸浆体积分数为50％V、疏水性二氧化硅气凝胶体积分数为50％V；纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，白水泥40％M、硅灰5％M、聚丙烯纤维1％M、可再分散乳胶粉1％M、羟丙基纤维素醚0.1％M、1/3磷酸氢二铵和2/3磷酸二氢铵组合1％M、硬脂酸钙5％M、水300％M，上述成分经混料搅拌，压实烘干成型即完成。
实施例2：
本发明的复合保温板，包括以下成分：纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶的总体积为V，含水率75％的纸浆体积分数为60％V、疏水性二氧化硅气凝胶体积分数为40％V；纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，β-半水石膏40％M、高岭土10％M、聚丙烯纤维1％M、可再分散乳胶粉2％M、羟乙基纤维素醚0.5％M、氢氧化铝3％M、膨润土5％M、有机硅2％M、发泡剂3％M、水400％M，上述成分经混料搅拌，压实烘干成型即完成。
实施例3：
本发明的复合保温板，包括以下成分：纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶的总体积为V，含水率72％的纸浆体积分数为85％V、疏水性二氧化硅气凝胶体积分数为15％V；纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，α-半水石膏20％M、重质碳酸钙7％M、聚丙烯纤维1％M、可再分散乳胶粉3％M、羟甲基纤维素醚1％M、氢氧化镁5％M、膨润土3％M、硬质酸锌5％、发泡剂6％M、水500％M，上述成分经混料搅拌，压实烘干成型即完成。
实施例4：
本发明的复合保温板，包括以下成分：纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶的总体积为V，含水率70％的纸浆体积分数为70％％V、疏水性二氧化硅气凝胶体积分数为30％V；纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，β-半水石膏10％M、α-半水石膏30％M、硅灰3％M、高岭土3％M、重质碳酸钙4％M、聚丙烯纤维1％M、木质纤维1％M、可再分散乳胶粉3％M、羟甲基纤维素醚0.5％M、羟丙基纤维素醚0.5％M、氢氧化铝2％M、1/3磷酸氢二铵和2/3磷酸二氢铵组合2％M、膨润土3％M、有机硅1％M、硬脂酸钙5％M，发泡剂3％M，水500％M，上述成分经混料搅拌，压实烘干成型即完成。
实施例5：
本发明的复合保温板，包括以下成分：纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶的总体积为V，含水率10％的纸浆体积分数为15％％V、疏水性二氧化硅气凝胶体积分数为85％V；纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，硫铝酸盐水泥40％M、硅灰5％M、高岭土5％M、聚丙烯纤维1％M、可再分散乳胶粉3％M、羟甲基纤维素醚1％M、羟乙基纤维素醚0.5％M、氢氧化铝5％M、氢氧化镁5％M、膨润土3％M、有机硅2％M、硬脂酸锌5％M，发泡剂6％M，水800％M，上述成分经混料搅拌，压实烘干成型即完成。
上述各实施例中的制备方法，在具体实施中，可优选如下方法步骤：
1)配料和混料：首先将水和纸浆混合浸泡约8小时，然后用破碎搅拌机在1000rad/min转速下搅拌约10分钟，将纸浆破碎形成浆体A。
然后按比例依次加入水泥或建筑石膏、填料、纤维、可再分散乳胶粉、保水剂、阻燃剂、防水剂、膨润土、发泡剂，用破碎搅拌机在1000rad/min转速下搅拌约5分钟，形成浆体B。可再分散乳胶粉和阻燃剂投加之前在30℃-60℃热水中分散均匀再进行投加效果更好。
最后按比例加入二氧化硅气凝胶，用破碎搅拌机在1000rad/min转速下搅拌约3分钟，形成浆体C。
将浆体C投入特定模具中，人工抹平。
2)压实：对模具内的浆体施加压力，将浆体压实。
3)烘晾：将经前两步的浆体过在70℃烘干箱内烘干12-24h，烘干后放置在晾干架上晾干。
4)成型：经晾干架晾干后脱膜并修整成型。
上述实施例制成的复合保温板的性能如下表：
综上所述，本发明的复合保温板及其制备方法，二氧化硅气凝胶密度极轻，但其实非常坚固耐用，耐高温且导热性和折射率也很低。该复合保温板以二氧化硅气凝胶为主要保温源、纸浆包裹二氧化硅气凝胶，起连接作用，以水泥和建筑石膏作为胶凝材料胶粘气凝胶和纸浆，起增强作用。本发明制得的复合保温板具备优异的保温性、防火性和耐久性，使用寿命长，绿色环保，节能省材。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，本领域技术人员利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许简单修改、等同变化或修饰，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合保温板，其特征在于：以纸浆为基体材料，以二氧化硅气凝胶为保温材料配制而成，纸浆和气凝胶总体积为V，按体积份数计为：
纸浆 15％-85％V
二氧化硅气凝胶 15％-85％V
纸浆和二氧化硅气凝胶总重量为M，按重量百分数计该复合保温板还包括以下组分：
所述总重量以干基计，即不包括在制造过程中所加入的必要量的水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：所述纸浆的含水率为0％-75％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述水泥为白水泥和/或硫铝酸盐水泥，所述建筑石膏为α-半水石膏和/或β-半水石膏。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述阻燃剂为1/3磷酸氢二铵和2/3磷酸二氢铵的组合、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述防水剂为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、有机硅中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述填料为硅灰、高岭土、重质碳酸钙中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述保水剂为羟甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基纤维素醚、羟丙基纤维素醚中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合保温板，其特征在于：其中所述纤维为聚丙烯纤维和/或木质纤维。
9.一种权利要求1-8任一项所述的复合保温板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)配料和混料：首先将水和纸浆混合浸泡，将纸浆破碎形成浆体，然后按比例加入剩余组分中除二氧化硅气凝胶以外的其他组分并搅拌，然后再按比例加入二氧化硅气凝胶并搅拌；
2)压实、烘干成型。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中需要投加的可再分散乳胶粉和阻燃剂投加之前在30℃-60℃热水中分散均匀，然后再进行投加。
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| CN112876189A (zh) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-01 | 湖北星立方科技有限公司 | 一种装配式铝钙复合板材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114016322A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-08 | 徐州金之泰包装新材料科技有限公司 | 一种食品级保温隔热材料的制备方法及产品应用 |
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