CN106425171A - Low-hydrogen iron powder electrode and preparing method - Google Patents

Low-hydrogen iron powder electrode and preparing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106425171A
CN106425171A CN201611108744.0A CN201611108744A CN106425171A CN 106425171 A CN106425171 A CN 106425171A CN 201611108744 A CN201611108744 A CN 201611108744A CN 106425171 A CN106425171 A CN 106425171A
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parts
powder
iron powder
core wire
coating
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CN106425171B (en
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武昭妤
赖奇
廖先杰
沈岗
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Panzhihua University
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Panzhihua University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly involves a low-hydrogen iron powder electrode and preparing method. The coating of low-hydrogen iron powder electrode is made up of following parts by weight: 47 to 49 parts of marble, 13 to 15 parts of fluorite, 2 to 4 parts of ferrosilicon, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of wood powder, 14 to 16 parts of rutile, 4 to 6 parts of feldspar powder, 6 to 8 parts of silica flour, 4 to 6 parts of mica powder, 12 to 14 parts of titanium valve, and 19 to 21 parts of iron powder. The low-hydrogen iron powder electrode has the advantage of overall good appearance of weld seam, parallel sideline and knitting well with mother metal. Weld seam is neat for ripple, and the height of weld seam is close to. The surface of weld seam does not have the disadvantage of pore-free, crackle, slag inclusion, undercut, and overlap. The welding slag after welding rod is easy to fall off.

Description

Low hydrogen type iron powder electrode and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of welding materials, and in particular to a kind of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
As the iron and steel that needs of social development and economic construction remains the irreplaceable important raw and processed materials of the mankind, it is to weigh One national overall national strength and the important indicator of industrial level.Welding is the main connected mode of ferrous materials, iron powder electrode profit With there is now the trade waste iron powder for producing in a lot of steel plant's production processes to add in electrode coating, the molten of welding rod is improved Deposited rate.
Good appearance of weld requires smooth surface, and ripple is fine and closely woven attractive in appearance, and the geometry of weld seam and size are correct.Weld seam Should be sleekly to mother metal transition, the defect such as reinforcement conformance with standard, no undercut.The quality of appearance of weld not only affect attractive in appearance, heavier Wanted is the mechanical property for affecting welding point.The factor of impact appearance of weld mainly has slag solidification temperature, high-temperature slag Viscosity, surface tension and density etc..
The welding rod of removability of slag difference not only causes the difficulty of scarfing cinder, reduces welding productivity, and when multilayer welding is constructed, also The defect of slag inclusion is often produced.The factor of the impact removability of slag mainly has the linear expansion coefficient of slag, the oxidisability of slag, slag Crispness.
Current domestic production low-hydrogen electrode, while strong mechanical performance is ensured, process operability is bad, appearance of weld Ripple not fine and smooth attractive in appearance enough, meanwhile, welding rod welding after welding slag difficult for drop-off, cause face of weld defect larger.
Content of the invention
For above deficiency, the technical problem to be solved is to provide weld seam zero defect attractive in appearance after a kind of welding, The caducous low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of welding slag.
Low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, wherein the medicine Skin is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
47～49 parts of marble；
13～15 parts of fluorite；
2～4 parts of ferrosilicon；
1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；
1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；
14～16 parts of rutile；
4～6 parts of feldspar powder；
6～8 parts of silica flour；
4～6 parts of mica powder；
12～14 parts of titanium valve；
19～21 parts of iron powder.
Further, above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the wherein coating is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
48 parts of marble；
14 parts of fluorite；
3 parts of ferrosilicon；
2 parts of titanium dioxide；
2 parts of wood powder；
15 parts of rutile；
5 parts of feldspar powder；
7 parts of silica flour；
5 parts of mica powder；
13 parts of titanium valve；
20 parts of iron powder.
CaCO in marble in above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein the coating composition3>=97wt%；
CaF in fluorite2>=96wt%；
Siliceous 75wt% in ferrosilicon powder；
Titanium dioxide is anatase thpe white powder, wherein TiO2>=91.0wt%；
The particle diameter of wood powder is 80 mesh；
Rutile is synthetic rutile, 120 mesh of granularity；
Feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
Silica flour particle diameter is 200 mesh, wherein silicon content >=99.7wt%, and iron-holder is 80～100ppm, moisture≤ 0.05wt%；
Mica powder is high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content is 20～33wt%, K2O content is 9～11wt%；
Titanium-iron powder is FeTi30-A type, wherein Ti content are 25～35wt%, and Al content for 8wt%, Si content is 8wt%, Mn content is 2.5wt%；
Fe >=98wt%, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt% in iron powder, it is 120 that hydrogen loss is 0.1～0.2wt%, particle diameter Mesh.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, comprises the following steps：
A, core wire are processed：Cleaning core wire surface rusty stain, greasy dirt, impurity, make the clean finishing in core wire surface；
B, the modulation of waterglass：The stirring of 5wt% acrylic acid methyl ester. is added in waterglass, stand-by；
C, dispensing：Composition according to above-mentioned coating is weighed, stand-by；
D, dry-mixed, wet mixing：The waterglass for adding b step to modulate after the compositions of surfacing metal mix homogeneously that step c is obtained, stirs Mix, mix, obtain wet mass medicated powder；
E, welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicated powder is coated in along core wire length direction by the core wire after a step process by hydraulic press On, smooth coating surface, coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
F, drying：The welding rod that f step is made is hung 24 hours in atmosphere, again 300～400 after its dry tack free DEG C dry 1～2h, obtain final product.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the concentration of the liquid soluble glass is 45 Baume degrees, modulus M= 2.9, add 5% acrylic acid methyl ester. that electrode coating can be made to have certain moisture resistance.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the temperature that wherein described in f step, welding rod is hung in atmosphere is 15～25 DEG C, the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
Low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, by reasonable disposition raw material and coating constituent, adds special technique And the method for inspection so that low hydrogen type iron powder electrode weld seam overall appearance of the present invention is preferable, and sideline is parallel, with mother metal good knitting. Ripple is preferable, and weld seam is neat, and weld seam height is close to.Weld seam lacks through checking pore-free, crackle, slag inclusion, undercut, overlap etc. Fall into, the welding slag after welding rod welding is easy to fall off.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is macroscopical appearing diagram of weld seam after ZP1 bond pads in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is macroscopical appearing diagram of weld seam after ZP2 bond pads in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is macroscopical appearing diagram of weld seam after ZP3 bond pads in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is macroscopical appearing diagram of weld seam after ZP4 bond pads in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, wherein the medicine Skin is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
47～49 parts of marble；
13～15 parts of fluorite；
2～4 parts of ferrosilicon；
1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；
1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；
14～16 parts of rutile；
4～6 parts of feldspar powder；
6～8 parts of silica flour；
4～6 parts of mica powder；
12～14 parts of titanium valve；
19～21 parts of iron powder.
Further, above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the wherein coating is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
48 parts of marble；
14 parts of fluorite；
3 parts of ferrosilicon；
2 parts of titanium dioxide；
2 parts of wood powder；
15 parts of rutile；
5 parts of feldspar powder；
7 parts of silica flour；
5 parts of mica powder；
13 parts of titanium valve；
20 parts of iron powder.
CaCO in marble in above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein the coating composition3>=97wt%；
CaF in fluorite2>=96wt%；
Siliceous 75wt% in ferrosilicon powder；
Titanium dioxide is anatase thpe white powder, wherein TiO2>=91.0wt%；
The particle diameter of wood powder is 80 mesh；
Rutile is synthetic rutile, 120 mesh of granularity；
Feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
Silica flour particle diameter is 200 mesh, wherein silicon content >=99.7wt%, and iron-holder is 80～100ppm, moisture≤ 0.05wt%；
Mica powder is high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content is 20～33wt%, K2O content is 9～11wt%；
Titanium-iron powder is FeTi30-A type, wherein Ti content are 25～35wt%, and Al content for 8wt%, Si content is 8wt%, Mn content is 2.5wt%；
Fe >=98wt%, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt% in iron powder, it is 120 that hydrogen loss is 0.1～0.2wt%, particle diameter Mesh.
Impact of each element to welding performance in core wire be：
(1) carbon is the main alloy element in steel, and when carbon content increases, the intensity of steel, hardness are significantly improved, and plasticity Reduce.In welding process, carbon plays certain deoxidation, with oxygen, chemical combination occurs, generate under high arc temperature effect Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, arc region and molten bath surrounding air are excluded, prevent oxygen, the nitrogen harmful gass pair of in the air The harmful effect that molten bath produces, reduces the content of oxygen and nitrogen in weld metal.If phosphorus content is too high, reduction is violent, can draw Play larger splashing and pore.In view of the impact that carbon increases to the hardenability of steel and its to crack sensitivity, low carbon steel welding core Phosphorus content be generally less than 0.1%；
(2) manganese is a kind of preferable alloying constituent in steel, and with the increase of manganese content, its intensity and toughness can have been carried High.In welding process, manganese is also a kind of preferable deoxidizer, can reduce the content of oxygen in weld seam.Manganese forms sulfur with sulfuration conjunction Change manganese to float in slag, so as to reduce weld seam hot cracking tendency.Therefore the manganese content of general carbon structural steels core wire is 0.30% ～0.55%；
(3) silicon is a kind of preferable alloying constituent, adds appropriate silicon improve the yield strength of steel, elastic and anti-in steel Acid energy；If too high levels, reduce plasticity and toughness.In welding process, silicon also has preferable deoxidizing capacity, with oxygen shape Become silicon dioxide, but it can improve the viscosity of slag, easily promote non-metallic inclusion generation；
(4) chromium can improve hardness, wearability and the corrosion resistance of steel.For mild steel, chromium is a kind of accidental Impurity.The main metallurgical of chromium is characterized in that and is easy to abrupt oxidization, forms the oxide chromic oxide of infusibility, so as to increased weldering The probability of seam metallic inclusion.After chromic oxide is transitioned into slag, improve can viscosity coefficient of dross, mobility reduces；
(5) nickel has the significant effect of comparison to the toughness of steel, when general cold impact value requires higher, is suitably incorporated Nickel；
(6) sulfur is a kind of objectionable impurities, with the increase of sulfur content, will increase the hot cracking tendency of weld seam, therefore core wire The content of middle sulfur cannot be greater than 0.04%.When important feature is welded, sulfur content cannot be greater than 0.03%；
(7) phosphorus is a kind of objectionable impurities, and the main harm of sulfur is to make weld seam produce cold short phenomenon, with the increasing of phosphorus content Plus, toughness, the particularly low-temperature impact toughness decline of weld metal is will result in, therefore in core wire, phosphorus content cannot be greater than 0.04%.When important feature is welded, phosphorus content cannot be greater than 0.03%.
In coating, the effect of each composition is specially with impact：
1st, marble plays desulfurization, stabilising arc in welding process, protects weld seam not acted on by oxygen, nitridation etc..In desulfurization Following reaction can occur：
CaCO3→CaO+CO2
FeS+CaO→CaS+FeO
FeO+Mn→MnO+Fe
2nd, fluorite is strong diluent, to make gas in weld metal be easy to effusion, can desulfurization.
3rd, ferrosilicon plays deoxidation, heat release, and its chemical vivacious type height in welding process, can make weld metal stone Mo Hua.Ferrosilicon can occur following reaction when deoxidation is carried out：
2FeO+Si→SiO2+2Fe
4th, titanium dioxide can play multinomial effect in welding process, and such as stabilising arc, makes spatter few；Form short slag；Energy Active slag is produced, uniform fold protects weld seam in welded joints；Because TiO2 crystallization rate is fast, make to take off slag conveniently；Weld ripples is careful； Titanate is combined into ferrum oxide and slag is entered, deoxidation is played, reaction equation is as follows：
FeO+TiO2→FeTiO3
5th, Organic substance (wood powder, starch, resin) produces gas in combustion, make weld seam not with air oxidation, nitridation； The general high resilience of organism, therefore favourable to suppressing.
6th, rutile oxidisability is weak, welding arc stablility, good directionality, and appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and slag is covered.
7th, feldspar powder plays stabilising arc, slag making, is conducive in right amount taking off slag, will excessively slow down weldering speed, increases the viscous of slag Degree.
8th, silica flour plays slag making, can also slough the gas in weld seam with ferrum oxide reaction, accelerate weldering speed；In right amount may be used Increase the activity of slag, slag can be excessively sticked, splash big.
9th, mica powder plays stabilising arc, slag making, and springiness can increase coating breathability.Excessive excessively thick Muscovitum meeting Make coating loose, electrode surface is of poor quality.
10th, titanium-iron powder has bigger deoxidizing capacity than ferrosilicon, and unsuitable consumption is excessive, because which is expensive
To with low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention for, with the increase of iron powder amount, coating burn-off rate is accelerated, and covers tube length Degree diminishes, and blow force of arc can be caused to reduce.Therefore appropriate iron powder should be added, to obtain suitable length sleeve.Suitable iron powder Amount can be judged with fusing welding rod weight ratio by means of welding slag weight, i.e., when welding slag weight S and ratio S/ of fusing welding rod weight E During E=18～24%, welding rod length sleeve is suitable, and welding technological properties is good；Work as S/E<When 18%, welding rod sleeve is short, electric arc Blowing force is little, while welding, the quantity of slag is few, skull is too thin, and the removability of slag is deteriorated；But work as S/E>When 24%, welding rod sleeve is oversize, electric arc Blowing force is excessive, and the welding quantity of slag is many, and the effective rate of utilization of arc heat is low.During coating thickness difference, the suitable addition of iron powder is not yet With when coating external diameter is 6.8mm, the amount of iron powder preferably controls below 45%；When coating external diameter be 8mm when, iron powder suitable Plus people's amount is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45～63% is 45.But, iron powder plus people's amount and coating thickness increase is all limited, the most greatly people of iron powder Amount typically not greater than 70%；Coating thickness, if represented with D/d, its maximum is up to 2.5.In addition, the addition of iron powder is not Meanwhile, required iron powder physical property is also different, when addition is few, can be using the iron powder of low pine ratio.
Iron powder plays very big effect in welding process, can accelerate the burn-off rate of coating, improves welding efficiency；Make Weld metal increases, and improves deposition efficiency；Add basic coating make arc stability.When iron powder adds excessive in coating, Just highly difficult when welding rod makes, easily make coating blocked up and cannot weld.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, comprises the following steps：
A, core wire are processed：By preprepared core wire, with sand papering, core wire surface is cleared up, makes core wire surface clean Finishing, carries out alignment to which, and weighs；
B, the modulation of waterglass：5wt% acrylic acid first is added in 45 Baume degrees, the common waterglass of modulus M=2.9 Ester, stirring, stand-by；During configuration waterglass, the tap water of cleaning is needed, and never oils and fatss, dirt etc. are mixed into, affect waterglass matter Amount；
C, dispensing：Composition according to above-mentioned coating is weighed, stand-by；Make sure to keep in mind because weighed gravimetric value itself less, Experimental error is there may be, therefore must be weighed accurately, in order to avoid the quality of impact welding rod；
D, dry-mixed, wet mixing：After the compositions of surfacing metal mix homogeneously that step c is obtained, medicated powder assumes uniform color, and can not have Block, granular, it is impossible to which that dry powder is spread out；It is gradually added into the waterglass that b step is modulated again, is gently mixed, mixes, until permissible Till forming dough, coating is made to have good plasticity and suitable stickiness, it is ensured that to be easy to mould, have preferable flowing Property, and be attached on around core wire securely, make coating have certain intensity；When dough is close to, waterglass gradually will drip Enter, prevent the medicated powder for mixing excessively dilute, finally give wet mass medicated powder；
E, welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicated powder group is poured in press, so which is firmly attached on around core wire by press, It is coated uniformly on the core wire after processing along core wire length direction, one section of welding rod leaves the bare terminal end of 20mm no coating, the other end Core wire exposes, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
F, drying：The welding rod that f step is made hangs 24h in atmosphere, again at 300～400 DEG C after its dry tack free Baking oven in dry 1～2h, obtain final product.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the concentration of the liquid soluble glass is 45 Baume degrees, modulus M= 2.9, add 5wt% acrylic acid methyl ester. that electrode coating can be made to have certain moisture resistance.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, the temperature that wherein described in f step, welding rod is hung in atmosphere is 15～25 DEG C, the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
The removability of slag is to evaluate one of main technological properties of welding rod quality, and it directly affects welding quality and welding production effect Rate.The removability of slag depends primarily on the thermal coefficient of expansion of slag, microstructure.The removability of slag difference welding rod, easily cause weld seam slag inclusion, The defect such as bad is shaped, reduces composite technology level.By experimental observation, in postwelding cooling procedure, whether welding slag voluntarily takes off Fall；Commissure is tapped with hand hammer, whether welding slag is easy to fall off.Test shows, the low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of development easily takes off slag, and de- slag is done The defects such as field trash are not resulted in only.
Due to hydrogen controlled electrode mechanical property preferably and processing performance is poor, while usability of electrode mainly can determine In the composition of electrode coating, therefore, in order to preferably study in coating each composition and its proportioning to a certain or some of welding rod The impact of performance, inventor has carried out research by many experiments and has found to compositions of surfacing metal, when the composition of electrode coating In following scope, welding rod outward appearance and the removability of slag can be better than other proportionings：47～49 parts of marble；13～15 parts of fluorite；Ferrosilicon 2 ～4 parts；1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；14～16 parts of rutile；4～6 parts of feldspar powder；Silica flour 6～8 Part；4～6 parts of mica powder；12～14 parts of titanium valve；19～21 parts of iron powder；Marble 48 part is especially selected；14 parts of fluorite；Ferrosilicon 3 Part；2 parts of titanium dioxide；2 parts of wood powder；15 parts of rutile；5 parts of feldspar powder；7 parts of silica flour；5 parts of mica powder；13 parts of titanium valve；Iron powder 20 When part, the outward appearance of its welding rod for obtaining is best, and de- slag is most fast.
With reference to embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described, therefore the present invention is not limited System is among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1st, in many experiments most representational several group experiment only have chosen below, to prove the welding rod of present invention selection Coating recipe has more preferable removability of slag energy and exterior appearance, and specific experiment step is as follows：
(1) core wire is processed：By preprepared H08A core wire (its chemical composition is shown in Table 1), it is surface-treated, Its surface and oil contaminant, dust, rusty stain etc. is removed, alignment is carried out to which, and is weighed；
1 H08A core wire chemical composition (/wt%) of table
Chemical composition C Si Mn P S Ni Cr
Core wire H08A ≤0.10 ≤0.03 0.30～0.55 ≤0.03 ≤0.03 ≤0.30 ≤0.20
(2) modulation of waterglass：In waterglass preparing pool, required concentration is deployed into, and presses liquid soluble glass weight Amount adds 0.25%～0.5% potassium permanganate, uses by stirring；
(3) dispensing：According to the coating recipe that table 2 has been developed, each composition in formula is weighed.Make sure to keep in mind because of itself Weighed gravimetric value is less, it is understood that there may be experimental error, therefore must weigh accurately, in order to avoid the quality of impact welding rod；
(3) dry-mixed：Load weighted coating recipe is put in little basin, with the core wire that handles well, which is stirred until will Its mix homogeneously, medicated powder assumes a kind of color, and can not have block, granular, can not spread out dry powder during stirring；
(4) wet mixing：Waterglass is gradually added in the medicated powder for mixing, is gently mixed, mix homogeneously, until forming Till dough；
(5) welding rod compacting：The good medicated powder of wet mixing is uniformly coated in along core wire length direction by press and is handled well Core wire on, one section of welding rod leaves the bare terminal end of 20mm no coating, and other end core wire exposes, and should not form packet header；
(6) dry：By the welding rod that makes place 24h, be allowed to dry, it is desirable to temperature control at 15～25 DEG C, air Relative humidity is 50%～55%, and the welding rod for drying is placed in drying baker, dries 1～2 hour at 350～400 DEG C.
The coating recipe for making is made welding rod, according to experiment demand, two is made respectively per group of formula, and by each weldering Bar is numbered, and numbering is followed successively by：ZP1、ZP2、ZP3、ZP4.
Coating component prescription in 2 welding rod of table
2nd, in order to ensure the accuracy of microscopic structure assay, it is necessary to prepare a high-quality metallographic specimen, specifically Preparation method and outward appearance detection are as follows：
1. sample is intercepted：Sample is being intercepted at a certain distance from striking area and blow-out area with Metallographic Specimen Cutting Machine, it is ensured that There can not be any deformation in sampling process, be heated, prevent sample tissue from changing, internal flaw extends and distortion.
2. the polishing of sample：Polishing is to obtain a smooth flour milling, will typically pass through corase grind and fine grinding.Corase grind exists Carry out on emery wheel；Fine grinding is carried out with sand paper, and sand paper model is from coarse to fine, is gradually mitigated Wear track depth, is beaten a sand paper is changed Rinsed with clear water before mill, and polish after sample is rotated 90 °.
3. sample polishing：Sample is polished on the buffing machine for be placed with antiscuffing paste, first rough polishing, then fine polishing.Polishing is In order to remove the trickle vestige for staying in after fine grinding on metallographic specimen surface, make flour milling smooth bright and clean.
4. sample corrodes：Polished sample aggressive agent is corroded, aggressive agent is 4% nitric acid ethanol, apply after washing Decorations dehydrated alcohol, is dried up with hair-dryer.
5. sample tissue observation：Sample is placed on microscope slide and with plasticine by which by flattening, in optical microscope Upper observation sample tissue, and take pictures.
After welding rod completes, welding rod outward appearance should be checked, including：Core diameter, welding rod length, bare terminal end are long Degree, packet header, chamfering, mill tail are net, coating damage, foaming, elephant skin etc..All do not examined made as requested with welding rod Test, observe whether which is defective, defective welding rod can not be used, and take from the mode of new production and process.
Welding rod outward appearance is checked, is found from Fig. 1～4, under above-mentioned identical preparation condition, ZP1 group welding rod coating recipe Under welding rod weld seam overall appearance preferable, sideline is parallel, with mother metal good knitting.Ripple is preferable, and weld seam is neat, weld seam height Low close, the defect such as face of weld pore-free, crackle, slag inclusion, undercut, overlap.
ZP2 weld seam overall appearance is preferable, and sideline is bordering on parallel, and mother metal good knitting, and ripple is of poor quality, is not very whole Together, weld seam height slightly has uneven, the defect such as face of weld flawless, slag inclusion, undercut, overlap, has a gas hole defect.
ZP3 weld seam overall appearance is preferable, sideline be bordering on parallel, with mother metal good knitting.Ripple is preferable, but be not very Neatly, weld seam height slightly has injustice, the defect such as face of weld pore-free, crackle, slag inclusion, undercut, overlap.
ZP4 weld appearance overall appearance, is parallel to each other between sideline, fine with mother metal fusion, and ripple is smooth, neatly, The defects such as face of weld pore-free, slag inclusion, crackle, undercut, overlap, but weld seam both sides lines are not straight.
3rd, removability of slag check analyses
Whether the slag of face of weld is easily removed in postwelding, is to evaluate one of leading indicator of welding rod quality, mainly Commissure is tapped with hand hammer, welding slag is easy to fall off, illustrate that welding quality is good, welding productivity height, welding rod meets practical application level；
Above-mentioned four groups of samples are after welding in cooling procedure, with the reduction of temperature, slag major part self falling, wherein Welding slag after the welding of ZP1 welding rod is most easy to fall off.

Claims (6)

1. low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, it is characterised in that the coating It is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
2. low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coating is by following parts by weight ingredient group Become：
3. low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：CaCO in the marble3>=97wt%；
CaF in fluorite2>=96wt%；
Siliceous 75wt% in ferrosilicon powder；
The titanium dioxide is anatase thpe white powder, wherein TiO2>=91.0wt%；
The particle diameter of the wood powder is 80 mesh；The rutile is synthetic rutile, 120 mesh of granularity；
The feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
The silica flour particle diameter is 200 mesh, wherein silicon content >=99.7wt%, and iron-holder is 80～100ppm, moisture≤ 0.05wt%；
The mica powder is high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content is 20～33wt%, K2O Content is 9～11wt%；
The titanium-iron powder is FeTi30-A type, wherein Ti content are 25～35wt%, and it is 8wt% that Al content is 8wt%, Si content, Mn content is 2.5wt%；
Fe >=98wt%, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt% in the iron powder, it is 120 that hydrogen loss is 0.1～0.2wt%, particle diameter Mesh.
4. the preparation method of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, core wire are processed：Cleaning core wire surface rusty stain, greasy dirt, impurity, make the clean finishing in core wire surface；
B, the modulation of waterglass：The stirring of 5wt% acrylic acid methyl ester. is added in waterglass, stand-by；
C, dispensing：Composition according to coating described in claim 1 or 2 is weighed, stand-by；
D, dry-mixed, wet mixing：The waterglass for adding b step to modulate after the compositions of surfacing metal mix homogeneously that step c is obtained, stirring, Mix, obtain wet mass medicated powder；
E, welding rod compacting：By hydraulic press, wet mass medicated powder is coated on the core wire after a step process along core wire length direction, makes Coating surface smooths, and coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
F, drying：The welding rod that f step is made is hung 24 hours in atmosphere, is dried at 300～400 DEG C after its dry tack free again 1～2h is done, is obtained final product.
5. the preparation method of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The concentration of the waterglass is 45 Baume degrees, modulus M=2.9.
6. the preparation method of low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described in f step, welding rod exists The temperature that in the air hangs is 15～25 DEG C, and the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN108145341B (en) * 2017-12-29 2021-08-24 江苏九洲新材料科技有限公司 Heat-resistant welding rod with excellent crack resistance

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