CN106416498A - Method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling - Google Patents
Method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416498A CN106416498A CN201611052105.7A CN201611052105A CN106416498A CN 106416498 A CN106416498 A CN 106416498A CN 201611052105 A CN201611052105 A CN 201611052105A CN 106416498 A CN106416498 A CN 106416498A
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- charcoal
- runoff
- buffer strip
- buffer zone
- nitrogen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling and belongs to the field of agroecological environment protection. The method comprises a step (1) of applying charcoal: applying the charcoal in a runoff producing area of a bamboo forest, wherein the application quantity of the charcoal is 0.5-3 kg/m2; a step (2) of arranging a buffer zone: lining out the buffer zone at the low-gradient water discharging end of a bamboo forest runoff area, wherein the specification design of the buffer zone is that the length is consistent with the length of the runoff area and the width is 0.5-3.5 m, and planting lolium perenne, cynodon dactylon or zoysia japonica in the buffer zone. Based on a charcoal and buffer zone coupling technology, the effect of applying the method to an intensively managed bamboo forest to reduce and control the soil nitrogen runoff loss is monitored, mechanism analysis is performed, so that the bamboo forest soil nitrogen runoff loss is reduced from two links which are source decrement and process blockage more effectively, and the goal of improving utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer input into the bamboo forest and protecting the water environment is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Agriculture Ecological Environment Protection field, it is specifically related to a kind of charcoal and couples decontrol bamboo with buffer strip
The method of woods Nitrogen loss from runoff.
Background technology
Typically apply 2.25t/hm in November in the planting process of intensive management bamboo grove2Composite fertilizer (N：P：K=
15：15：15), but be as the continuous development of intensive management, while a large amount chemical fertilizer puts into, loosen the soil, the operation such as weeding
Cause bamboo grove surface soil exposed, loose, when leading to rainfall to occur, rainwash dramatically increases, and nitrogen nutrient is easily with earth's surface footpath
Flow and run off.And, being in source or the two sides of river,lake and reservior bamboo grove, the nitrogen nutrient with soil erosion through short distance migration is more
It is directly entered water body, the problems such as lead to body eutrophication.
The general thought of controlling area-source pollution and guideline are that " 4R " is theoretical at present, i.e. Sources decreasing Reduce, process
Block Retain, nutrient reutilization Reuse and restoration of the ecosystem Restore.Many cases engineering practice proves, under " 4R " theoretical direction
Pollution of area source Synthetical prevention technology and demonstration project have reached expected design object.But, currently for intensive management bamboo
The control research of seed of forest growing area Soil Nitrogen Loss in Runoff is less, and concentrates on the control effect of research monotechnics, to its machine
Reason research is also not abundant.
In recent years, charcoal is applied to the control of planting industry pollution of area source nitrogen discharge and causes broad interest.Charcoal be by
, under conditions of anoxic or anaerobic, the porous rich in carbon of the first stability producing through slow high temperature pyrolysis is solid for living beings
State material.It is good that the adsorption ability of the distributional effects of non-charing component of charcoal and charing component makes charcoal have
Absorption property.Additionally, the interpolation of charcoal can improve soil carbon content, improve carbon-nitrogen ratio, thus improving the absorption to nitrogen for the soil
Crystallized ability, reduces its potential loss risk.In addition, buffer strip is intercepting planting industry nutrient loss, is particularly intercepting the dirt of nitrogen face source
Dye object space face is a simple, economic and effective technology.
The application of monotechnics can be with effective control nitrogen Loss in Runoff, can be with footpath but still there is quite a few nitrogen to remain unchanged
The generation of stream event and lose entrance surrounding body, threaten water body environment, also can reduce bamboo grove put into fertilizer utilization ratio.
Content of the invention
1. technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that providing a kind of charcoal to be coupled decontrol bamboo grove nitrogen runoff with buffer strip is damaged
The method lost, more effectively to monitor intensive management bamboo grove nitrogen discharge, improves nitrogen use efficiency and protects bamboo grove surrounding body ring
Border.
2. technical scheme
For solving the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method that charcoal couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, comprises the steps：
A. apply charcoal：Produce in the runoff of bamboo grove and in area, apply charcoal, the amount of application of charcoal is 0.5～3kg/
m2；
B., buffer strip is set：Mark buffering zone in the lower water end (W.E.) of the relatively low gradient in bamboo grove runoff area, the specification of buffer strip sets
It is calculated as：Length is consistent with the length in runoff area, and width is 0.5～3.5m, plantation rye grass, Bermuda grass or knot in buffering zone
Thread grass.
Further, charcoal described in step A be buffer strip harvest bank protection grass seeds or bamboo product processing waste material
The charcoal being formed after Pintsch process.
Further, the amount of application of the charcoal described in step A is 1～2kg/m2.
Further, the width of buffer strip described in step B is 1～3m.
Further, in buffer strip described in step B, the grass seeds of plantation is any in rye grass, Bermuda grass or Korea lawn grass
One or more.
3. beneficial effect
(1) present invention adopts charcoal application technique, improves SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio, thus improving soil to nitrogen fixation energy
Power, utilizes the adsorption capacity to nitrogen for the material with carbon element itself, decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff simultaneously, effectively reduces nitrogen from source
Run off.
(2) present invention also adopts buffer strip technology, plants slope-protecting plant, be conducive to it in runoff process in buffer strip
Intercept the nitrogen with runoff loss in upper level technology further, choose suitable serike to improve operating efficiency simultaneously.
The present invention is based on charcoal and buffer strip technology coupling technique, and is applied in intensive management bamboo grove to reduce
Control soil nitrogen runoff loss effect be monitored and carry out mechanism parsing, thus more efficiently from " Sources decreasing " with
Bamboo Soil Nitrogen loss from runoff is reduced on " process blocking-up " two links, and then reaches the utilization effect improving bamboo grove input fertilizer
Rate, the purpose of protection water body environment.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Choose typical intensive farming bamboo grove area at, find the basically identical bamboo grove arrangement runoff of slope aspect in this forest zone little
Area.The runoff plots that 18 block specifications are 5m × 4m are set, and each cell surrounding is all separated with PVC board, and builds the low bank of earth between fields, little to prevent
Between area there is crossfire in runoff.In bamboo grove runoff plots, dose is with peasant household's habits fertilization amount, in the whole test period, buffer strip
All do not apply fertilizer in area.Other control measures are with locality peasant household custom.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that charcoal couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, comprises the steps：
A. apply charcoal：Randomly select 3 pieces of runoff plots, apply charcoal, the amount of application of charcoal in runoff area
For 1kg/m2；
B., buffer strip is set：Marking specification in the lower water end (W.E.) of the relatively low gradient in bamboo grove runoff area is that 2m × 4m buffers zone, and
Plant Bermuda grass in buffering zone.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that charcoal couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, its difference with embodiment 1
It is, in step A, the amount of application of charcoal is 2kg/m2；Plantation rye grass and Korea lawn grass in buffering zone in step B.Other are same
Embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
Randomly select 3 pieces of runoff plots, apply charcoal in runoff area, the amount of application of charcoal is 1kg/m2；Do not set
Put buffer strip.
Comparative example 2
Randomly select 3 pieces of runoff plots, apply charcoal in runoff area, the amount of application of charcoal is 2kg/m2；Do not set
Put buffer strip.
Comparative example 3
Randomly select 3 pieces of runoff plots, in cell, do not apply charcoal；Mark rule in the lower water end (W.E.) of the relatively low gradient in runoff area
Lattice are that 2m × 4m buffers zone, and plant rye grass in buffering zone.
Comparative example 4
Charcoal is neither applied in remaining 3 pieces of runoff plots, is also not provided with buffer strip.
In above-described embodiment and comparative example, charcoal described in step A be buffer strip harvest bank protection grass seeds or bamboo
The charcoal that the waste material of product processing is formed after Pintsch process.The raw material of charcoal is taken at the bank protection grass seeds of buffer strip results
Or the waste material of bamboo product processing, be conducive to environmental protection, energy saving, realize recycling of resource.
In above-described embodiment and comparative example, also do between the buffer strip being connected to charcoal process cell and isolate, both
Form the runoff area along hydraulic gradient.
After the completion of above-described embodiment and comparative example are arranged, all bury 50L plastics dust-collecting bucket in each runoff plots end, use
Footpath flow liquid in each cell when runoff occurs after collecting rainfall.Occur in 12h in rainfall runoff event, to runoff test
Scene measures dust-collecting bucket internal diameter flow liquid volume, and makes a record.Simultaneously each point takes 100mL footpath flow liquid to load in plastic bottle, takes back
Laboratory etc. is to be analyzed.By footpath flow liquid after 0.45 μm of quantitative filter paper, then it is analyzed as follows index：Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen with
Total nitrogen.Then relatively and discuss that different technologies are processed to the effect of decontrol intensive management bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff and mechanism.With
It is illustrated as a example the typical twice runoff event monitored of applying fertilizer latter 20 days and 96 days, table specific as follows：
In typical runoff event, different technologies process decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff effect twice
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, in runoff sample, different shape nitrogen concentration substantially reduces with the prolongation away from fertilization time, twice
In runoff event, charcoal and buffer strip coupling technique all can effectively reduce different shape nitrogen concentration in runoff sample, and coupling
The decontrol efficiency of conjunction technology is higher than monotechnics, and the necessity that coupling technique builds is described.Data is it is also shown that charcoal technology
Decontrol effect, apparently higher than buffer strip technology, can excavate its operating potential from now on further.
The present invention is based on charcoal and buffer strip technology coupling technique, and is applied in intensive management bamboo grove to reduce
Control soil nitrogen runoff loss effect be monitored and carry out mechanism parsing, thus more efficiently from " Sources decreasing " with
Bamboo Soil Nitrogen loss from runoff is reduced on " process blocking-up " two links, and then reaches the utilization effect improving bamboo grove input fertilizer
Rate, the purpose of protection water body environment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art it should be appreciated that above embodiment be intended merely to illustrate the present invention,
And be not used as limitation of the invention, the change as long as in the spirit of the present invention, to embodiment described above
Change, modification all will fall in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of charcoal couples the method for decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff it is characterised in that comprising the steps with buffer strip：
A. apply charcoal：Apply to produce in the runoff of bamboo grove during composite fertilizer and in area, apply charcoal, the amount of application of charcoal is
0.5～3kg/m2；
B., buffer strip is set：Mark buffering zone in the lower water end (W.E.) of the relatively low gradient in bamboo grove runoff area, the specifications design of buffer strip is：
Length is consistent with the length in runoff area, and width is 0.5～3.5m, plantation rye grass, Bermuda grass or Korea lawn grass in buffering zone.
2. the method that a kind of charcoal according to claim 1 couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, it is special
Levy and be, charcoal described in step A is through high anneal crack in the bank protection grass seeds of buffer strip results or the waste material of bamboo product processing
The charcoal being formed after solution.
3. the method that a kind of charcoal according to claim 1 couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, it is special
Levy and be, the amount of application of the charcoal described in step A is 1～2kg/m2.
4. the method that a kind of charcoal according to claim 1 couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, it is special
Levy and be, the width of buffer strip described in step B is 1～3m.
5. the method that a kind of charcoal according to claim 1 couples decontrol bamboo grove Nitrogen loss from runoff with buffer strip, it is special
Levy and be, in buffer strip described in step B the grass seeds of plantation be in rye grass, Bermuda grass or Korea lawn grass any one or several
Kind.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611052105.7A CN106416498A (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611052105.7A CN106416498A (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling |
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| CN106416498A true CN106416498A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| CN201611052105.7A Pending CN106416498A (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Method for reducing and controlling bamboo forest nitrogen runoff loss by utilizing charcoal and buffer zone coupling |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2011118936A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-20 | Государственное научное учреждение Воронежский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хрзяйства имени В.В. Докучаева Российской | METHOD FOR CONSERVING SOIL FERTILITY ON SLOPES |
| CN104671423A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 北京林业大学 | Sector-shaped multi-dimensional cross-flow type composite terrestrial plant buffer zone and construction method thereof |
| CN104817182A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 沈阳大学 | Method for building cold region riparian buffer strip stopping and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution |
| CN105706691A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-29 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Method for reducing farmland drainage canal nitrogen and phosphorus loss through charcoal |
-
2016
- 2016-11-24 CN CN201611052105.7A patent/CN106416498A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2011118936A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-20 | Государственное научное учреждение Воронежский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хрзяйства имени В.В. Докучаева Российской | METHOD FOR CONSERVING SOIL FERTILITY ON SLOPES |
| CN104671423A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 北京林业大学 | Sector-shaped multi-dimensional cross-flow type composite terrestrial plant buffer zone and construction method thereof |
| CN104817182A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 沈阳大学 | Method for building cold region riparian buffer strip stopping and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution |
| CN105706691A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-29 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Method for reducing farmland drainage canal nitrogen and phosphorus loss through charcoal |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |
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