CN106409899A - Insulation gate bipolar transistor - Google Patents

Insulation gate bipolar transistor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106409899A
CN106409899A CN201611087110.1A CN201611087110A CN106409899A CN 106409899 A CN106409899 A CN 106409899A CN 201611087110 A CN201611087110 A CN 201611087110A CN 106409899 A CN106409899 A CN 106409899A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
type
super
junction structure
doping
substrate
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201611087110.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陆江
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Institute of Microelectronics of CAS
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Institute of Microelectronics of CAS
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Priority to CN201611087110.1A priority Critical patent/CN106409899A/en
Publication of CN106409899A publication Critical patent/CN106409899A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/70Bipolar devices
    • H01L29/72Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals
    • H01L29/739Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field-effect, e.g. bipolar static induction transistors [BSIT]
    • H01L29/7393Insulated gate bipolar mode transistors, i.e. IGBT; IGT; COMFET
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/0603Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
    • H01L29/0607Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration
    • H01L29/0611Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
    • H01L29/0615Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
    • H01L29/063Reduced surface field [RESURF] pn-junction structures
    • H01L29/0634Multiple reduced surface field (multi-RESURF) structures, e.g. double RESURF, charge compensation, cool, superjunction (SJ), 3D-RESURF, composite buffer (CB) structures

Abstract

The invention discloses an insulation gate bipolar transistor. The insulation gate bipolar transistor comprises a substrate, a gate, an emitter, a collector, and a super-junction structure. The gate, the emitter and the collector are located on the substrate. The collector and the emitter are located on both ends of the substrate respectively. The super-junction structure is located on one side, which is close to the collector, of the substrate, and exhausts excess carriers accumulated on the collector side when the transistor is turned off. The technical problem of slow turn-off caused by slow carrier discharge in a non-depleted region in an insulation gate bipolar transistor in the prior art is solved. The trailing current time is effectively shortened, and the turn-off time is reduced.

Description

A kind of igbt
Technical field
The present invention relates to semiconductor applications, more particularly, to a kind of igbt.
Background technology
Igbt (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT) is with its low pass state pressure Fall, high withstand voltage, drive control be simple, easily in parallel the advantages of be widely used in all kinds of power electronic systems, be current high pressure One of power device field core devices.Its typical application is to control power conversion as power switch, therefore device needs Meet switch power control ability under certain frequency.Preferably switching device is that requirement possesses the energy being instantaneously switched on or off Power, but for actual power semiconductor, it is limited by device architecture characteristic, when inevitably presence is opened and turned off Between, the operating frequency of impact device.
When IGBT device is operated in conducting state, a large amount of carriers of storage inside, to realize preferable conductance modulation effect Should, reduce conduction voltage drop;In turn off process it is necessary to discharge rapidly the carrier of these storages, realize device off-state High withstand voltage characteristic.So in turn off process, there is the process that a large amount of process carriers are discharged, in the presence of depletion layer, in a large number Carrier shifts device onto close to bottom colelctor electrode position due to electric field action, as shown in figure 1, these are accumulated in non-depleted region Carrier 101 can only be discharged by compound action, lead to IGBT turn off process to form more slow tail currents, have impact on The turn-off time Tf of device, leads to the turn-off speed of IGBT device slack-off.
That is, IGBT device of the prior art, the carrier that there is non-depleted region is discharged slowly, therefore turn-off speed Slow technical problem.
Content of the invention
The present invention passes through to provide a kind of igbt, solves IGBT device of the prior art, exists The carrier of non-depleted region is discharged slowly, therefore the slow technical problem of turn-off speed.
On the one hand, for solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of igbt, including:
Substrate;
Grid, emitter and collector positioned at substrate;Wherein, described colelctor electrode and described emitter stage are respectively positioned at described The two ends of substrate;
Super-junction structure, near described colelctor electrode side on described substrate, with when described transistor turns off, by institute State super-junction structure and exhaust the excess carriers being deposited in described colelctor electrode side.
Optionally, the thickness of described super-junction structure is 1/ of the drift region thickness between described colelctor electrode and described emitter stage 2 to 1/4.
Optionally, described super-junction structure is the many p-type columns and Duo Gen N-type column being arranged alternately;Wherein, often adjacent two Region between root p-type column is a N-type column.
Optionally, the doping content of described p-type column is equal to the doping content of described N-type column.
Optionally, the width of described p-type column is equal to the width of described N-type column.
Optionally, described super-junction structure is connected with described colelctor electrode.
Optionally, the second well region that one end of described substrate is provided with the first well region and is located at described first well region surface; Described second well region is emitter region;The other end of described substrate is provided with collector area;Described collector area and described first The doping type of well region is the first doping type;The doping type of described second well region is different from described first doping type The second doping type.
Optionally, described first doping type is N-type, and described second doping type is p-type;Or, described first doping Type is p-type, and described second doping type is N-type.
Optionally, described second well region surface has emitter stage to contact;There is collector contact on described collector area surface.
The one or more technical schemes providing in the embodiment of the present application, at least have the following technical effect that or advantage:
The igbt that the embodiment of the present application provides, forms superjunction knot in the close colelctor electrode side of substrate Structure, when transistor turns off, due to the broadening effect of depletion layer, a large amount of carriers are swept to rapidly described super under electric field action Junction structure region, and logical super-junction structure quickly scans out device, effectively shortens the tail currents time, reduces the turn-off time.Further, Because the flat field distribution of described super-junction structure is moreover it is possible to the voltage endurance of boost device, and will not be to device forward conduction pressure Fall is negatively affected.In addition, described super-junction structure is formed at colelctor electrode side it is not necessary to run through whole device drift region, It is also easy in technique realize.
Brief description
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, will make to required in embodiment description below Accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention, for ability For the those of ordinary skill of domain, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be obtained other according to the accompanying drawing providing Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of igbt in background technology;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of igbt in the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application is passed through to provide a kind of igbt, solves IGBT device of the prior art, The carrier of the non-depleted region existing is discharged slowly, therefore the slow technical problem of turn-off speed.Achieve effective shortening tail currents Time, reduce the technique effect of turn-off time.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present application provides the general thought of technical scheme as follows:
The application provides a kind of igbt, including:
Substrate;
Grid, emitter and collector positioned at substrate;Wherein, described colelctor electrode and described emitter stage are respectively positioned at described The two ends of substrate;
Super-junction structure, near described colelctor electrode side on described substrate, with when described transistor turns off, by institute State super-junction structure and exhaust the excess carriers being deposited in described colelctor electrode side.
The igbt that the embodiment of the present application provides, forms superjunction knot in the close colelctor electrode side of substrate Structure, when transistor turns off, due to the broadening effect of depletion layer, a large amount of carriers are swept to rapidly described super under electric field action Junction structure region, and logical super-junction structure quickly scans out device, effectively shortens the tail currents time, reduces the turn-off time.Further, Because the flat field distribution of described super-junction structure is moreover it is possible to the voltage endurance of boost device, and will not be to device forward conduction pressure Fall is negatively affected.In addition, described super-junction structure is formed at colelctor electrode side it is not necessary to run through whole device drift region, It is also easy in technique realize.
In order to be better understood from technique scheme, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technique scheme is carried out Describe in detail it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment are detailed to technical scheme Illustrate, rather than the restriction to technical scheme, in the case of not conflicting, in the embodiment of the present application and embodiment Technical characteristic can be mutually combined.
In the present embodiment, there is provided a kind of igbt, refer to Fig. 2, as shown in Fig. 2 described crystal Pipe includes:
Substrate 1;
Positioned at the grid 2 of substrate, emitter stage 3 and colelctor electrode 4;Wherein, described colelctor electrode 4 and described emitter stage 3 position respectively Two ends in described substrate 1;
Super-junction structure 5, near described colelctor electrode 4 side on described substrate 1, when described transistor turns off, to lead to Cross described super-junction structure 5 and exhaust the excess carriers being deposited in described colelctor electrode 4 side.
With reference to Fig. 2, the igbt introducing the present embodiment offer respectively improves device turn-off speed Principle and structure.
First, introduce the principle that described igbt improves device turn-off speed.
When IGBT device is operated in conducting state, a large amount of carriers of storage inside, therefore in turn off process, will exist The process that a large amount of carriers are discharged, in the presence of depletion layer broadening, a large amount of carriers are due to the round dot in electric field action such as Fig. 1 Shown, it is pulled to device close to bottom colelctor electrode 4 neighbouring position, the IGBT device in the application, define in colelctor electrode side super Junction structure 5, due to charge balance concept, super-junction structure 5 longitudinally and is laterally forming depletion region extension simultaneously, so can be quick Scan out the excess carriers being accumulated in device collector bottom, compare in traditional structure carrier this action time in bottom zone The slow compound action in domain is very fast it is possible to effectively shorten the time of tail currents, reduces the turn-off time.
Next, introducing the structure of described igbt.
In the embodiment of the present application it is contemplated that the simplicity of technique realization, described super-junction structure 5 and described collection can be set Electrode 4 connects, and forms described super-junction structure 5 in order to inject from colelctor electrode 4 side.
Specifically, due to IGBT device, this can increase field cut-off cushion (Field Stop, FS in processing technique Layer) and the back side injection etc. multistep back process, so utilize device back side processing technique, increase superjunction preparation technology so that it may To realize described super-junction structure 5.
Specifically, described super-junction structure 5 is the many p-type columns and Duo Gen N-type column being arranged alternately;Wherein, every phase Region between adjacent two p-type columns is a N-type column.It may also be said that often the region between adjacent two N-type columns is one Root p-type column.
Preferably, the doping content of described p-type column is equal to the doping content of described N-type column.The width of described p-type column Degree is equal to the width of described N-type column.Equal with the electric field intensity in the guarantee each region of described super-junction structure 5, improve carrier row While going out efficiency, do not affect device operational characteristics.
It should be noted that the doping content of super-junction structure 5 and superjunction post width, can carry out and device according to process condition Part actual design size is selected, and can reach charge balance.In general, doping content turns off soon when high, but is easier to Puncture, turn off relatively slow when doping content is low, but be difficult to puncture.
In the embodiment of the present application, due to usual IGBT device be operated in off-state bias voltage effect under when, emitter stage 3 About 2/3rds length of the drift region that the depletion layer broadening of side can exceed, therefore three in the drift region near colelctor electrode 4 side Region about/mono- length, can accumulate substantial amounts of excess carrier because no depletion layer acts on.Therefore can arrange described The thickness h of super-junction structure 5 is 1/2 to 1/4 of the drift region thickness between described colelctor electrode 4 and described emitter stage 3, to ensure The excess carriers scanning out from depletion layer enter super-junction structure 5 region, and are realized the base of quick depletion action by super-junction structure 5 On plinth, it is to avoid realize the complexity of the manufacturing process of super-junction structure entirely running through, simultaneously also can effectively utilizes super-junction structure 5 fast The characteristic that speed exhausts.
Preferably, the thickness h that can arrange described super-junction structure 5 is drift between described colelctor electrode 4 and described emitter stage 3 Move the 1/3 of area's thickness.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Fig. 2 one end of described substrate 1 is provided with the first well region 6 and is located at described the Second well region on one well region 6 surface;Described second well region is the region of emitter stage 3;
The other end of described substrate is provided with collector area;Described collector area and the doping type of described first well region 6 It is the first doping type;The doping type of described second well region is the second doping classes different from described first doping type Type.
In specific implementation process, described first doping type is N-type, and described second doping type is p-type;Or, institute Stating the first doping type is p-type, and described second doping type is N-type.
Further, there is emitter stage contact 7 on described second well region surface;There is collector contact 8 on described colelctor electrode 4 area surface. Described emitter stage contact 7 and described collector contact 8 can be metal or polysilicon.
Specifically, described igbt passes through to arrange super-junction structure 5 in bottom colelctor electrode 4 side, using super The rapidly depleting characteristic of junction structure, can close in device and have no progeny, will be deposited in the quick of the excess carriers of bottom colelctor electrode 4 side Exhaust, realize the effect that IGBT device rapidly switches off.Meanwhile, the device realized using this structure, because only need to realize partly surpassing Junction structure, without running through whole drift region, technique is realized relatively easy.Additionally, this transistor is being realized rapidly switching off effect Meanwhile, its conduction voltage drop parameter is unaffected, does not need to sacrifice other parameters characteristic, and super-junction structure can also to improve it resistance to Pressure energy power is it is achieved that the optimization of parametric synthesis performance.
Technical scheme in above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application, at least has the following technical effect that or advantage:
The igbt that the embodiment of the present application provides, forms superjunction knot in the close colelctor electrode side of substrate Structure, when transistor turns off, due to the broadening effect of depletion layer, a large amount of carriers are swept to rapidly described super under electric field action Junction structure region, and logical super-junction structure quickly scans out device, effectively shortens the tail currents time, reduces the turn-off time.Further, Because the flat field distribution of described super-junction structure is moreover it is possible to the voltage endurance of boost device, and will not be to device forward conduction pressure Fall is negatively affected.In addition, described super-junction structure is formed at colelctor electrode side it is not necessary to run through whole device drift region, It is also easy in technique realize.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the various changes and modification essence without deviating from the present invention to the present invention God and scope.So, if these modifications of the present invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of igbt is it is characterised in that include:
Substrate;
Grid, emitter and collector positioned at substrate;Wherein, described colelctor electrode and described emitter stage are located at described substrate respectively Two ends;
Super-junction structure, near described colelctor electrode side on described substrate, with when described transistor turns off, by described super Junction structure exhausts the excess carriers being deposited in described colelctor electrode side.
2. transistor as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the thickness of described super-junction structure is described colelctor electrode and described 1/2 to 1/4 of drift region thickness between emitter stage.
3. transistor as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described super-junction structure is many p-type columns being arranged alternately With many N-type columns;Wherein, often the region between adjacent two p-type columns is a N-type column.
4. transistor as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that the doping content of described p-type column is equal to described N-type column Doping content.
5. transistor as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that the width of described p-type column is equal to the width of described N-type column Degree.
6. transistor as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described super-junction structure is connected with described colelctor electrode.
7. transistor as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that:
The second well region that one end of described substrate is provided with the first well region and is located at described first well region surface;Described second well region For emitter region;
The other end of described substrate is provided with collector area;The doping type of described collector area and described first well region is the One doping type;The doping type of described second well region is second doping types different from described first doping type.
8. transistor as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that described first doping type be N-type, described second doping class Type is p-type;Or, described first doping type is p-type, and described second doping type is N-type.
9. transistor as claimed in claim 7 is it is characterised in that described second well region surface has emitter stage to contact;Described collection There is collector contact on electrode district surface.
CN201611087110.1A 2016-12-01 2016-12-01 Insulation gate bipolar transistor Pending CN106409899A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109449202A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-08 广州工商学院 One kind is inverse to lead bipolar junction transistor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103137679A (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-06-05 上海华虹Nec电子有限公司 Insulated gate bipolar transistor device structure and manufacture method thereof
CN104241126A (en) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 中航(重庆)微电子有限公司 Groove type IGBT and manufacturing method
US20150187869A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power semiconductor device
CN104882475A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-02 江苏物联网研究发展中心 Double channel super junction IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator)

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103137679A (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-06-05 上海华虹Nec电子有限公司 Insulated gate bipolar transistor device structure and manufacture method thereof
US20150187869A1 (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power semiconductor device
CN104241126A (en) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 中航(重庆)微电子有限公司 Groove type IGBT and manufacturing method
CN104882475A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-02 江苏物联网研究发展中心 Double channel super junction IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109449202A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-08 广州工商学院 One kind is inverse to lead bipolar junction transistor
CN109449202B (en) * 2018-10-30 2021-10-22 广州工商学院 Reverse conducting bipolar transistor

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Application publication date: 20170215