CN106405966A - 液晶面板及其阵列基板 - Google Patents

液晶面板及其阵列基板 Download PDF

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CN106405966A
CN106405966A CN201610958139.6A CN201610958139A CN106405966A CN 106405966 A CN106405966 A CN 106405966A CN 201610958139 A CN201610958139 A CN 201610958139A CN 106405966 A CN106405966 A CN 106405966A
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王聪
廖作敏
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/112156 priority patent/WO2018082169A1/zh
Priority to US15/326,572 priority patent/US10394100B2/en
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种液晶面板及其阵列基板。阵列基板包括：透明基板，透明基板的一个板面上包括像素区，像素区内包括白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区；多个分别设置在白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区中的像素电极；与各个像素电极一一对应设置的且用于开关与其对应的像素电极的开关器件，其中，所述白子像素区内设置有多个开关器件。采用这种阵列基板或液晶面板的液晶显示屏所显示的彩色画面的失真度低，光学品味高。

Description

液晶面板及其阵列基板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液晶显示技术，特别涉及液晶面板及其阵列基板。
背景技术
目前，液晶显示装置通常包括背光模组和液晶面板。液晶面板覆盖在背光模组上。背光模组相当于液晶面板的光源。液晶面板通过对背光模组发出的光线进行调制以在液晶面板上显示出图形和色彩。随着液晶显示技术的发展，人们希望能尽可能提高显示屏的亮度，又希望背光模组的能耗尽可能小，同时还希望显示屏的光学品味尽可能好。
如图1所示，现有的RGBW液晶面板1a中有四种子像素：红子像素2a、绿子像素3a、蓝子像素4a和白子像素5a。一组红子像素2a、绿子像素3a、蓝子像素4a、白子像素5a组成一个像素。相对于现有的RGB液晶面板而言，会额外多增加一个白子像素5a，以增加液晶面板的显示亮度，降低背光模组的功耗。
在正常显示时，只有当同一像素中的红子像素2a、绿子像素3a、蓝子像素4a全部开启时，白子像素5a才会开启。否则，红子像素2a、绿子像素3a、蓝子像素4a中若有一个没有开启，白子像素5a就处于关闭的状态。
因此，在显示纯色，或者是彩色画面时，与RGB液晶面板相比，在同样的背景显示画面下，RGBW液晶面板1a的纯色亮度就会越低，画面显示就会失真，严重影响画面的光学品味。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题为如何提升RGBW液晶面板画面的光学品味。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出了一种阵列基板，该阵列基板包括：透明基板，透明基板的一个板面上包括像素区，像素区内包括白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区；多个分别设置在白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区中的像素电极；与各个像素电极一一对应设置的且用于开关与其对应的像素电极的多个开关器件，其中，白子像素区内设置有多个开关器件。
在一个具体的实施例中，多个开关器件均设置在白子像素区内。
在一个具体的实施例中，白子像素区分别与第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区相邻。
在一个具体的实施例中，白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区均为矩形，白子像素区的三条边分别与第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区的一条边并拢、对齐。
在一个具体的实施例中，多个开关器件均匀分布在白子像素区内的像素电极的两端。
在一个具体的实施例中，一个像素区内的开关器件数量为四个，四个开关器件分别位于白子像素区的四个角上。
在一个具体的实施例中，阵列基板还包括多根沿纵向依次排列在板面上且横向延伸的扫描线以及多根沿横向依次排列在板面上且纵向延伸的数据线，其中，白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区为数据线和扫描线划分而成的矩形网格的最小单元格。
在一个具体的实施例中，板面包括多个沿横向排列的像素区，横向相邻的两个像素区相互颠倒。
在一个具体的实施例中，开关器件为薄膜晶体管，开关器件的栅极、漏极和源级依次分别与扫描线、数据线和像素电极相连。
本发明还提出了一种液晶面板，其包括如上的阵列基板。
同一像素区内的第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区、第三基色子像素区、白子像素区中的像素电极所对应的开关器件中两个以上的开关器件设置在白子像素区内，白子像素的亮度就会降低，并且三种基色子像素中的一种以上的子像素的亮度会提升。采用这种阵列基板或液晶面板的液晶显示屏所显示的彩色画面的失真度低，光学品味高。
附图说明
在下文中将基于实施例并参考附图来对本发明进行更详细的描述。其中：
图1显示了现有技术中的一种RGBW液晶面板的等效电路示意图；
图2显示了本发明的第一种实施方式中的液晶面板的等效电路示意图；
图3显示了本发明的第一种实施方式中的阵列基板的单个像素区的结构示意图；
图4显示了本发明的第二种实施方式中的液晶面板的等效电路示意图；
图5显示了本发明的第二种实施方式中的阵列基板的单个像素区的结构示意图。
在附图中，相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图2显示了本发明的第一种实施方式的液晶面板1。该液晶面板1包括阵列基板、彩膜基板和液晶层。阵列基板和彩膜基板平行设置，液晶注入到阵列基板和彩膜基板之间形成液晶层。
彩膜基板包括上偏光片、玻璃基板，彩色滤光片、公共电极层和上取向膜。上偏光片、玻璃基板，彩色滤光片、公共电极层和上配向膜层叠在一起。
阵列基板包括下取向膜、TFT阵列层、透明基板和下偏光片。下取向膜、TFT阵列层、透明基板和下偏光片层叠在一起。
上偏光片和下偏光片的偏振方向相互垂直。背光模组发出的可见光通过下偏光片后过滤为偏振光。液晶位于上取向膜和下取向膜之间。上取向膜与下取向膜上的沟槽的延伸不一致，这样，液晶分子基本平行于阵列基板，并且多个液晶分子从上取向膜到下取向膜的方向逐渐扭转排列。在TFT-LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)的液晶面板1中，扭转排列的液晶分子的扭转角度通常为90°，以使得通过液晶层的偏振光的光通量最小。
在阵列基板的透明基板可以是玻璃板。TFT阵列层蚀刻在透明基板的一个板面上。TFT阵列层包括多条扫描线(B1～B5)、多条数据线(A1～A8)、多个像素电极8以及多个开关器件7。多条扫描线(B1～B5)在透明基板的板面上沿纵向依次排列。扫描线(B1～B5)之间相互平行，相邻两根扫描线之间的间隔相等。扫描线沿横向延伸。多条数据线(A1～A8)在透明基板的板面上沿横向依次排列。数据线(A1～A8)之间相互平行，相邻两根数据线(A1～A8)之间的间隔相等，数据线(A1～A8)沿纵向延伸。扫描线(B1～B5)和数据线(A1～A8)在透明基板上划分出多个网格。网格的最小单元格优选为矩形。以扫描线和数据线为边界，在透明基板的板面上划出多个连续排列的像素区。每个像素区包括多个连续排列的最小单元格。每个最小单元格为一个子像素区。每个像素区内包括四种子像素区，即第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3、第三基色子像素区4和白子像素区5。
如图3所示，第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3、第三基色子像素区4和白子像素区5内均设置有一个像素电极。像素电极通常为块状薄膜，优选尽量填充满最小单元格。扫描线(B1～B5)、数据线(A1～A8)和像素电极8之间相互绝缘。公共电极、扫描线(B1～B5)、数据线(A1～A8)和像素电极8均透明，通常均由ITO(掺锡氧化铟)薄膜蚀刻而成。扫描线(B1～B5)和数据线(A1～A8)分别用于外接栅控制器和源控制器。
开关器件7与像素电极8一一对应设置。一个开关器件7分别与一根扫描线、一根数据线和一个像素电极相连。开关器件7同时接受到来自栅控制器和源控制器的电信号时打开以使得像素电极7得电。开关器件7为薄膜晶体管时，开关器件7的栅极、漏极和源极通过导线分别依次连接到扫描线、数据线和像素电极8。栅控制器和源控制器同时分别向某个开关器件7发出电信号后，开关器件7的源极和漏极之间导通，与该开关器件7对应的像素电极8得电。像素电极8得电后与公共电极之间形成电场，该电场改变液晶层中的液晶的分子排列使得偏振光能通过该处的液晶层，由此实现液晶层的光阀作用。
彩色滤光片包括黑色矩阵、三种基色膜和白色膜。黑色矩阵成网格状，通常为均匀的矩形网格。黑色矩阵用于遮光。黑色矩阵与数据线和扫描线形成的网格相互对齐。三种基色膜可以分别是红膜、绿膜和蓝膜。三种基色膜和白色膜均填充在黑色矩阵的最小单元格内。三种基色膜分别与第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3以及第三基色子像素区4相互对齐。白色膜与白子像素区5对齐。偏振光透过基色膜时可以被过滤成对应的基色光。例如，偏振光透过红膜、绿膜和蓝膜时可以被分别过滤成红光、绿光和蓝光。三基色光等比例混合成白光。偏振光透过白色膜后为白光。
如图3所示，同一像素区内的第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3、第三基色子像素区4、白子像素区5中的像素电极8所对应的开关器件7均设置在白子像素区5内。开关器件7的透光率较低。这样就提升了第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3、第三基色子像素区4的透光率，降低了白子像素区5的透光率。由此，降低了白子像素的开口率，同时增大了三种基色子像素的开口率。液晶显示屏现象时，白子像素的亮度降低，三种基色子像素的亮度提升。这样可以降低液晶显示屏所显示的彩色画面的失真度，提升彩色画面的光学品味，同时，也不会降低液晶显示屏所显示的白画面下的亮度。
优选地，在同一个像素区内，白子像素区5分别与第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3以及第三基色子像素区4相邻。这样，开关器件7与像素电极8之间的导线很短，且无需通过绕线的方式实现开关器件7与像素电极8之间的连接，这样能有效减小像素的寄生电容的产生。
更优选地，白子像素区5、第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3和第三基色子像素区4均为矩形，白子像素区5的三条边分别与第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3和第三基色子像素区4的一条边并拢、对齐。白子像素区5三面被第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3和第三基色子像素区4所围合。这样，每个像素的结构呈“凸”字形，单个像素的混色更均匀。
更优选地，在每个像素区中，多个开关器件7均匀分布在白子像素区内的像素电极的两端。这样能有效减小像素的寄生电容的产生。更优选地，一个像素区内的开关器件7数量为四个，四个开关器件7分别位于白子像素区5的四个角上。这样所需导线最短，寄生电容最小。
更优选地，位于白子像素区5顶部的两个开关器件7分别控制位于白子像素区5顶部和内部的像素电极，位于白子像素区5底部的两个开关器件7分别控制分别位于白子像素区5两侧的两个像素电极。
更优选地，板面包括多个沿横向排列的像素区。每个像素的结构呈“凸”字形。横向相邻的两个像素区相互颠倒。当横向排列时，相邻两个像素区相互啮合在一起。这样就能实现“凸”字形结构的像素的横向均匀且密集的排列。更优选地，在一行像素的最前端和最后端未设置像素电极的单元格对应的彩膜上设置仿真子像素6。仿真子像素6采用遮光材料制作。
本实施例为优选的实施例。然而，显而易见地，当同一像素区内的第一基色子像素区2、第二基色子像素区3、第三基色子像素区4、白子像素区5中的像素电极8所对应的开关器件7中两个以上的开关器件7设置在白子像素区5内，白子像素的亮度就会降低，并且三种基色子像素中的一种以上的子像素的亮度会提升。由此，可以降低液晶显示屏所显示的彩色画面的失真度，提升彩色画面的光学品味。
图4显示了本发明的第二种实施方式中的液晶面板10。第二种实施方式中的液晶面板10和第一种实施方式中的液晶面板1的区别主要在于开关器件7所对应像素电极8发生了变化。下面主要介绍该项区别。
如图5所示，位于白子像素区5底部的两个开关器件7分别控制位于白子像素区5一侧和内部的像素电极8，位于白子像素区5顶部的两个开关器件7分别控制分别位于白子像素区5另一侧和顶部的两个像素电极8。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本发明进行了描述，但在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

1.一种阵列基板，其特征在于，包括：
透明基板，所述透明基板的一个板面上包括像素区，所述像素区内包括白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区；
多个分别设置在白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区中的像素电极；
多个与各个像素电极一一对应设置的且用于开关与其对应的像素电极的开关器件，
其中，所述白子像素区内设置有多个开关器件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，所述多个开关器件均设置在白子像素区内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，白子像素区分别与第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区以及第三基色子像素区相邻。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区均为矩形，
白子像素区的三条边分别与第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区的一条边并拢、对齐。
5.根据权利要求4所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，所述多个开关器件均匀分布在白子像素区内的像素电极的两端。
6.根据权利要求5所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，一个像素区内的开关器件数量为四个，四个开关器件分别位于白子像素区的四个角上。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，所述阵列基板还包括多根沿纵向依次排列在所述板面上且横向延伸的扫描线以及多根沿横向依次排列在所述板面上且纵向延伸的数据线，
其中，白子像素区、第一基色子像素区、第二基色子像素区和第三基色子像素区为数据线和扫描线划分而成的矩形网格的最小单元格。
8.根据权利要求7所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，所述板面包括多个沿横向排列的像素区，横向相邻的两个像素区相互颠倒。
9.根据权利要求7所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，开关器件为薄膜晶体管，开关器件的栅极、漏极和源级依次分别与扫描线、数据线和像素电极相连。
10.一种液晶面板，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的阵列基板。
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