CN106398018A - 用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺 - Google Patents

用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106398018A
CN106398018A CN201610714947.8A CN201610714947A CN106398018A CN 106398018 A CN106398018 A CN 106398018A CN 201610714947 A CN201610714947 A CN 201610714947A CN 106398018 A CN106398018 A CN 106398018A
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polyvinyl chloride
parts
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景颖杰
邹惠忠
单永东
张雪良
徐旻
丁子龙
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Cgnpc Delta (jiangsu) Plastic Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，所述制备工艺包括以下步骤：步骤一、将聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯和白炭黑高速捏合机，高速捏合3~5分钟，温度达90~100℃；步骤二、再低速捏合1分钟，同时投入三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、填料、氢氧化铝、钙锌热稳定剂、抗氧剂1010、润滑剂、加工改性剂P551J、无机硅酸盐类除味剂和白炭后，再高速捏合6分钟，待温度达到120℃，充分混合均匀和预塑化，排料；步骤三、挤出时，双螺杆中的螺杆温度为120℃到150℃。本发明大大提高了材料阻燃性能，并且使得材料在燃烧时具有良好的成炭效果，从而阻止了材料的二次燃烧和火焰传播。

Description

用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及环保电缆料，尤其涉及一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯（PVC）作为生活中最常见的塑料制品，广泛应用于制造各种PVC管、PVC板材、PVC薄膜、PVC墙纸、PVC电缆料等，是五大通用塑料中用途最广的一类。
聚氯乙烯电缆料主要由PVC树脂、增塑剂、稳定剂、填料、润滑剂和颜料构成，经过双阶式螺杆挤出机挤出并造粒加工而成。其中，PVC电缆料的软硬度依靠增塑剂在PVC配方中的比例来调节，增塑剂含量越多，电缆料就越软。普通的电缆料选择一些常规的增塑剂来软化PVC，由于其本身的特性以及生产的工艺，生产出来的电缆料味道较重，比较刺鼻，且发烟量大，对下游电缆生产单位的一线操作工造成不同程度的身体损伤。有些电缆料由于选择的增塑剂质量低劣，造成生产的电缆冒油、析出等问题，导致产品使用寿命缩短，污染环境。
当今PVC塑料市场，为了保证人类的生活环境，对环保要求越来越苛刻，PVC塑料制品除了一般要求的Rohs环保指令，还有欧盟了REACH环保法规，欧盟理事会2007/47/EC号指令，欧盟NO.10/2011号食品接触法规，另外，汽车部件包括汽车线，汽车内饰件等也对PVC塑料气味和塑料挥发作出要求，比如美国ASTM D3960-98标准，国际标准ISO 4618/1-1998，德标DIN 55649-2000标准等。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，该制备工艺获得的聚氯乙烯电缆料在高温环境下具有低挥发低气味效果，对人体无伤害，雾化值达到0.44mg，具有很好耐挥发特征，制品气味低，对人体无伤害，对环境无污染；同时，提供上述新型低气味环保电缆料的制备方法。
为达到上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，所述聚氯乙烯电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成：聚合度为1300的PVC树脂80份、SG3型PVC树脂20份、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯25份、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯24份、三氧化二锑5.4份、硼酸锌8份、填料18份、氢氧化铝10份、钙锌热稳定剂6份、抗氧剂1010为0.3份、润滑剂0.6份、加工改性剂P551J 1份、无机硅酸盐类除味剂1.8份、白炭黑9份；
所述制备工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯和白炭黑高速捏合机，高速捏合3~5分钟，温度达90~100℃；
步骤二、再低速捏合1分钟，同时投入三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、填料、氢氧化铝、钙锌热稳定剂、抗氧剂1010、润滑剂、加工改性剂P551J、无机硅酸盐类除味剂和白炭后，再高速捏合6分钟，待温度达到120℃，充分混合均匀和预塑化，排料；
步骤三、挤出时，双螺杆中的螺杆温度为120℃到150℃；
步骤四、开炼时，辊筒温度为160℃；
步骤五、再用单螺杆造粒机造粒，单螺杆造粒机设定温度为80℃到100℃；
步骤六、冷却过筛。
上述新型低气味环保电缆料的技术方案进一步改进的技术方案如下：
1. 上述方案中，所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种。
2. 上述方案中，所述填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉，高岭土的一种或几种混合物。
3. 上述方案中，所述步骤三中螺杆转速30Hz。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
1. 本发明用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其采用聚合度为1300的PVC树脂80份、SG3型PVC树脂、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、填料、氢氧化铝、钙锌热稳定剂和抗氧剂1010，其聚合度为1300的PVC树脂和SG3型PVC树脂组合大大提高了材料阻燃性能，并且使得材料在燃烧时具有良好的成炭效果，从而阻止了材料的二次燃烧和火焰传播；其次，配方中进一步添加环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯10~40份与聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂协同作用，大大提高了老化断裂拉伸应变保留率。
2. 本发明用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其配方进一步包括无机硅酸盐类除味剂、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯在高温环境下具有低挥发低气味效果，对人体无伤害，本产品符合欧盟REACH环保法规，欧盟理事会2007/47/EC号医疗指令，并获得日本卫生PVC协会食品接触认可，并且通过大众汽车《PV 3900汽车内部空间的构件气味检测》，气味检测通过3.0级（要求小于4.0级）；同时通过《PV 3015 内装饰非金属材料可冷凝组分测定》，雾化值达到0.44mg（要求小于1.5mg），具有很好耐挥发特征，制品气味低，对人体无伤害，对环境无污染；其次，配方中添加环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯为，与白炭黑协同作用，提高了电缆料体积电阻率，同时对电缆料的老化性能也有所改善，并保证产品的耐磨效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述聚氯乙烯电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成：聚合度为1300的PVC树脂80份、SG3型PVC树脂20份、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯25份、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯24份、三氧化二锑5.4份、硼酸锌8份、填料18份、氢氧化铝10份、钙锌热稳定剂6份、抗氧剂1010为0.3份、润滑剂0.6份、加工改性剂P551J 1份、无机硅酸盐类除味剂1.8份、白炭黑9份；
上述润滑剂选自硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种。
上述填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉，高岭土的一种或几种混合物。
所述加工改性剂P551J为日本三菱公司生产。
所述无机硅酸盐类除味剂从宁波博尔化工购买获得，其主要为无机硅酸盐材料，比表面积 400-600 m/g。
一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯和白炭黑高速捏合机，高速捏合3~5分钟，温度达90~100℃；
步骤二、再低速捏合1分钟，同时投入三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、填料、氢氧化铝、钙锌热稳定剂、抗氧剂1010、润滑剂、加工改性剂P551J、无机硅酸盐类除味剂和白炭后，再高速捏合6分钟，待温度达到120℃，充分混合均匀和预塑化，排料；
步骤三、挤出时，双螺杆中的螺杆温度为120℃到150℃；
步骤四、开炼时，辊筒温度为160℃；
步骤五、再用单螺杆造粒机造粒，单螺杆造粒机设定温度为80℃到100℃；
步骤六、冷却过筛。
将本发明实施例所获得的聚氯乙烯电缆料艺进行测试，结果与普通PVC电缆料相比所得数据如表2所示：
表2
综上，本发明制备工艺获得的聚氯乙烯电缆料，大大提高了材料阻燃性能，并且使得材料在燃烧时具有良好的成炭效果，从而阻止了材料的二次燃烧和火焰传播；其次，配方中进一步添加环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯，无机硅酸盐类除味剂，白炭黑与聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂协同作用，大大提高了老化断裂拉伸应变保留率；其次在高温环境下具有低挥发低气味效果，对人体无伤害，本产品符合欧盟REACH环保法规，欧盟理事会2007/47/EC号医疗指令，并获得日本卫生PVC协会食品接触认可，并且通过大众汽车《PV 3900汽车内部空间的构件气味检测》，气味检测通过2.5级（要求小于4.0级）；同时通过《PV 3015 内装饰非金属材料可冷凝组分测定》，雾化值达到0.44mg（要求小于1.5mg），具有很好耐挥发特征，制品气味低，对人体无伤害，对环境无污染；再次，配方中添加环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯，与白炭黑协同作用，提高了电缆料体积电阻率，同时对电缆料的老化性能也有所改善，并保证产品的耐磨效果。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1. 一种用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述聚氯乙烯电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成：聚合度为1300的PVC树脂80份、SG3型PVC树脂20份、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯25份、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯24份、三氧化二锑5.4份、硼酸锌8份、填料18份、氢氧化铝10份、钙锌热稳定剂6份、抗氧剂1010为0.3份、润滑剂0.6份、加工改性剂P551J 1份、无机硅酸盐类除味剂1.8份、白炭黑9份；
所述制备工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将聚合度为1300的PVC树脂、SG3型PVC树脂、环己烷1,2二甲酸二壬基酯、乙酰柠檬酸丁辛酯和白炭黑高速捏合机，高速捏合3~5分钟，温度达90~100℃；
步骤二、再低速捏合1分钟，同时投入三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、填料、氢氧化铝、钙锌热稳定剂、抗氧剂1010、润滑剂、加工改性剂P551J、无机硅酸盐类除味剂和白炭后，再高速捏合6分钟，待温度达到120℃，充分混合均匀和预塑化，排料；
步骤三、挤出时，双螺杆中的螺杆温度为120℃到150℃；
步骤四、开炼时，辊筒温度为160℃；
步骤五、再用单螺杆造粒机造粒，单螺杆造粒机设定温度为80℃到100℃；
步骤六、冷却过筛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉，高岭土的一种或几种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于聚氯乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤三中螺杆转速30Hz。
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