CN106397625A - Method for extracting panax quinquefolius polysaccharides from panax quinquefolius fibrous roots - Google Patents
Method for extracting panax quinquefolius polysaccharides from panax quinquefolius fibrous roots Download PDFInfo
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- CN106397625A CN106397625A CN201610965526.2A CN201610965526A CN106397625A CN 106397625 A CN106397625 A CN 106397625A CN 201610965526 A CN201610965526 A CN 201610965526A CN 106397625 A CN106397625 A CN 106397625A
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- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting panax quinquefolius polysaccharides from panax quinquefolius fibrous roots. The method utilizes the panax quinquefolius fibrous roots as raw materials for extraction and comprises sequential steps as follows: grinding, alkaline leaching, enzymolysis with compound enzyme, extraction with an ultrasonic method, concentration, ethanol precipitation and vacuum drying. According to the method, a traditional water or ethanol extraction method for the panax quinquefolius polysaccharides is broken through, an alkaline solution with certain concentration is utilized to promote the physicochemical reaction in panax quinquefolius polysaccharide grains or among the panax quinquefolius polysaccharide grains for alkaline leaching extraction, the extraction is assisted with composite enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasonic wave technologies through combination of a wall-breaking effect of cellulase on plant cells and a specific degradation effect of protease, the process is simple and easy to operate, the extraction rate and the yield of the panax quinquefolius polysaccharides are increased remarkably, and theoretical reference bases are provided for industrial production of the extraction of the panax quinquefolius polysaccharides.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method, more particularly, to a kind of fibrous root from Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, extract the side of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide
Method.
Background technology
The root that Radix Panacis Quinquefolii (Panax quinquefolius L.) is dried for araliaceae ginseng plant, perennial herb is planted
Thing, also known as Western Radix Ginseng, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, panacis quinquefolii radix etc., originate in the ground such as Canada, the U.S., France.80 years 20th century
Dai Qi, China's large area is introduced a fine variety, and plantation at present is concentrated mainly on the ground such as three provinces in the northeast of China, Shandong, Beijing, and current China has become generation
The third-largest state of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii is produced on boundary, is also Radix Panacis Quinquefolii country of consumption maximum in the world.Radix Panacis Quinquefolii has similar to Radix Ginseng
Function, but it is different from Radix Ginseng because cool in nature, there is boosting qi and nourishing yin, effect of clearing away heat and promoting production of body fluid, cure mainly fever due to yin deficiency, xerostomia tongue
The dry, disease such as quench one's thirst.Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide (PPQ) is the material that in Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, the most class of content has special biological activity, mesh
Before the composition separated have sucrose, panose, maltose, glucose, Fructose, sorbose, galacturonic acid, galactose,
Arabinose, xylose, rhamnose etc..Relevant research shows, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide can not only the gulping down of enhancing body reticuloendothelial system
Bite function moreover it is possible to increase nonspecific immunity and the cellular immune function of body.There is immunomodulating, antitumor, blood sugar lowering, resist
Radiation, the prevention effect such as influenza and upper respiratory tract infection.
It is mainly traditional the proposing such as Hot water extraction, decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique currently for Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide Study on extraction
Take method, through looking into, the Chinese patent of existing Patent No. CN201110157090.1《Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide peptide prepare producer
Method》, comprise the following steps：It is raw material with Radix Panacis Quinquefolii stem, leaf, fibrous root, with water extraction, solid-liquid ratio 1:10, at 60 DEG C, extraction time
2h, twice, filters merging filtrate, filter concentrated in vacuo dense become 10:1,75% alcohol precipitation, centrifuging and taking supernatant recovered alcohol simultaneously carries
Take saponin, then with 95% edible ethanol eluting precipitate, recovered alcohol；1 is pressed to precipitate:10 are dissolved in water, and add 1% local flavor
Protease, at 55 DEG C, PH 5.6, hydrolyze 4h, enzyme denaturing, filtering vacuum concentrates, be spray-dried, make linen Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide
Peptide, the method employs traditional water extract-alcohol precipitation extracting method and single enzymolysis auxiliary process, exist effective component extraction rate low,
Yield is low, complex operation, the shortcomings of time-consuming.Therefore, the preparation technology optimizing Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide has important research and opens
Send out using value.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved be provide a kind of process is simple, easy to operate and extraction ratio high from the West
The method extracting Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide in Leptoradix Ginseng root.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that adopted of above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of extraction Radix Panacis Quinquefolii from Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root
The method of polysaccharide is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) pulverize：By the Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root being dried with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 35～45 mesh sieves standby；
2) alkali leaching：Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder after above-mentioned sieving is added 85～95 DEG C of mass concentration 2～4% sodium hydroxide
Soak in solution, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；
3) complex enzyme zymohydrolysis：By step 2) to add enzyme bottom mass ratio be 0.9～1.1% compound enzyme for the filtering residue of gained, in perseverance
Digest 50～70 minutes on warm agitator；
4) ultrasonic extraction method：By step 3) enzymolysis after filtering residue add distilled water, supersound extraction 2～4 times, be collected by centrifugation
Filtrate；
5) concentrate：Filtrate reduced in volume by above-mentioned gained；
6) precipitate with ethanol：Add dehydrated alcohol after filtrate cooling after concentrating, stand overnight, collected after centrifugation precipitates；
7) it is vacuum dried：By the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide.
As improvement, the Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder in described step 2 is 1g with the solid-liquid ratio of sodium hydroxide solution:20ml～
1g:25ml, the alkali leaching time is 2～3 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of described sodium hydroxide solution be 90 DEG C, mass percent be 3%, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder with
The solid-liquid ratio of sodium hydroxide solution is 1g:25ml, alkali soaks 3 hours time.
Preferably, described step 3) compound enzyme be cellulase, pectase, glucanase, fruit juice enzyme, Papain
In enzyme, bromelain or subtilisin two kinds, in compound enzyme, the mass ratio of two kinds of enzymes is 1:1, complex enzyme zymohydrolysis material
Liquor ratio is 1g:8ml～1g:12ml, the temperature of constant temperature oscillator is 45～50 DEG C.
Further preferably, described complex enzyme zymohydrolysis solid-liquid ratio is 1g:10ml, enzymolysis time 1 hour, the temperature of constant temperature oscillator are
50℃.
Preferably, described step 4) filtering residue be 1g with the solid-liquid ratio of distilled water:25ml～1g:30ml, supersound extraction
Power is 45～60W, supersound extraction 3 times, and each time is 15～30min.
Further preferably, described filtering residue and the solid-liquid ratio of distilled water are 1g:25ml, supersound extraction power is 60W, when extracting every time
Between be 20min.
Improve further, described step 5) concentrating under reduced pressure temperature be 50～60 DEG C, pressure be 0.07～0.09MPa,
The relative density concentrating is 1.25～1.30.
Improve further, described step 6) the final volume percent of ethanol reach 70～80%, standing 11～13 is little
When.
Finally, described step 7) vacuum drying temperature be 70～80 DEG C, pressure be 0.08～0.09MPa.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that：
(1) aqueous slkali of a certain amount of concentration promote Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide granule internal and between physical-chemical reaction, and make
The dissolution faster and more of polysaccharide within granule, thus improving the extraction ratio of polysaccharide；
(2) utilize the main component cellulose of the specific degrading plant cell wall of cellulase energy, make the cell of plant
Wall ruptures, and polysaccharide easily increases juice from intracellular release, improves polysaccharide yield；
(3) to free protein in plant cell, there is decomposition using protease so as to loosely organized；
(4) also can make free proteolysis in glycoprotein and Dan Baiduotang proteoglycan PG using protease, reduce the knot to raw material
Make a concerted effort, be conducive to the leaching of polysaccharide；
(5) using papain be a kind of under acid, neutral, alkaline environment all can decomposing protein protease,
There is wider substrate specificity；
The method that the present invention breaches traditional water extraction or alcohol extraction Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, combines double enzymolysis using alkaline leaching and surpasses
Sound auxiliary process is extracted, triple technique superpositions, greatly improves the extraction ratio of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, present invention process letter
Single, easy to operate, significantly improve extraction ratio and the yield of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, provide for the industrialized production that Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide extracts
Some theoretical reference foundations.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
By Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root dry for 100g with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves standby.By solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g:
Ml) 3% soaking with sodium hydroxide of 90 DEG C of addition 3 hours, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；It is 1 that the filtering residue of gained presses solid-liquid ratio:
10(g:Ml enzyme bottom mass fraction) is added to be 1% compound enzyme (cellulase:Papain=1:1), the constant temperature at 50 DEG C shakes
Swing and digest 1 hour on device；The filtering residue of enzymolysis presses solid-liquid ratio 1:28(g:Ml) addition distilled water, 60W supersound extraction three times, every time
20min, is centrifuged back collection filtrate；The filtrate material concentrating under reduced pressure of gained, the temperature of concentrating under reduced pressure is 60 DEG C, pressure is 0.07～
0.09MPa, the relative density of concentration is 1.25；Dehydrated alcohol is added, the final volume fraction of ethanol reaches after concentrated solution cooling
80%, stand 12 hours, collected after centrifugation precipitates；After the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, obtain
Rate 13.55%；Vacuum drying temperature is 70～80 DEG C, and pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
Embodiment 2
By Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root dry for 100g with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves standby.By solid-liquid ratio 1：20(g:
Ml) 2% soaking with sodium hydroxide of 90 DEG C of addition 2 hours, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；It is 1 that the filtering residue of gained presses solid-liquid ratio:8
(g:Ml enzyme bottom mass fraction) is added to be 1% compound enzyme (pectase:Papain=1:1), in 45 DEG C of constant temperature oscillator
Upper enzymolysis 1 hour；The filtering residue of enzymolysis presses solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g:Ml) addition distilled water, 45W supersound extraction three times, each 15min,
It is centrifuged back collection filtrate.The filtrate reduced in volume of gained, the temperature of concentrating under reduced pressure is 50 DEG C, and pressure is 0.07～0.09MPa, concentrates
Relative density be 1.30；Dehydrated alcohol is added, the final volume fraction of ethanol reaches 70%, and standing 12 is little after concentrated solution cooling
When, collected after centrifugation precipitates；After the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, yield 11.17%；Very
The empty temperature being dried is 70～80 DEG C, and pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
Embodiment 3
By Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root dry for 100g with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves standby；By solid-liquid ratio 1:23(g:
Ml) 4% soaking with sodium hydroxide of 90 DEG C of addition 3 hours, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；It is 1 that the filtering residue of gained presses solid-liquid ratio:
12(g:Ml enzyme bottom mass fraction) is added to be 1% compound enzyme (cellulase:Bromelain=1:1), the constant temperature at 50 DEG C shakes
Swing and digest 1 hour on device.The filtering residue of enzymolysis presses solid-liquid ratio 1:30(g:Ml) addition distilled water, 50W supersound extraction three times, every time
25min, is centrifuged back collection filtrate；The filtrate reduced in volume of gained, the temperature of concentrating under reduced pressure is 55 DEG C, pressure is 0.07～
0.09MPa, the relative density of concentration is 1.25；Dehydrated alcohol is added, the final volume fraction of ethanol reaches after concentrated solution cooling
75%, stand 12 hours, collected after centrifugation precipitates；After the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, obtain
Rate 12.32%；Vacuum drying temperature is 70～80 DEG C, and pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
Embodiment 4 (comparative example)
By Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root dry for 100g with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves standby；By solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g:
Ml) add 90 DEG C of 3% soaking with sodium hydroxide 3 hours, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；Filtering residue presses solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g:Ml) add
Enter water, 60W supersound extraction three times, each 20min, be centrifuged back collection filtrate；The filtrate material concentrating under reduced pressure of gained, the temperature of concentrating under reduced pressure
Spend for 60 DEG C, pressure is 0.07～0.09MPa, the relative density of concentration is 1.25；Dehydrated alcohol, second is added after concentrated solution cooling
The final volume fraction of alcohol reaches 80%, stands 12 hours, and collected after centrifugation precipitates；After the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain
Target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, yield 7.15%；Vacuum drying temperature is 70～80 DEG C, and pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
Can see, the present embodiment does not have enzymolysis step, directly uses ultrasonic extraction after alkali leaching, final Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide
Yield is relatively low.
Embodiment 5 (comparative example)
By Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root dry for 100g with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves standby；By solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g:
Ml) 3% soaking with sodium hydroxide of 90 DEG C of addition 3 hours, filter to obtain filtering residue, filtering residue volatilizes；It is 1 that the filtering residue of gained presses solid-liquid ratio:
10(g:Ml enzyme bottom mass fraction) is added to be 1% compound enzyme (cellulase:Papain=1:1), the constant temperature at 50 DEG C shakes
Swing and digest 1 hour on device；The filtering residue of enzymolysis presses solid-liquid ratio 1:28(g:Ml) add distilled water, 100 DEG C of water-baths flow back 2 times, every time
2.5 hours, are centrifuged back collection filtrate；The filtrate material concentrating under reduced pressure of gained, the temperature of concentrating under reduced pressure is 60 DEG C, pressure is 0.07～
0.09MPa, the relative density of concentration is 1.25；Dehydrated alcohol is added, the final volume fraction of ethanol reaches after concentrated solution cooling
80%, stand 12 hours, collected after centrifugation precipitates；After the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide, obtain
Rate 10.77%；Vacuum drying temperature is 70～80 DEG C, and pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
The present embodiment after enzymolysis using water-bath reflux, extract, method it can be seen that compared with using ultrasonic extraction
Relatively, yield has declined.
Claims (10)
1. extract the method for Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide a kind of fibrous root from Radix Panacis Quinquefolii it is characterised in that comprising the following steps：
1) pulverize：By the Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root being dried with, after pulverizer pulverizing, crossing 35～45 mesh sieves standby；
2) alkali leaching：Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder after above-mentioned sieving is added 85～95 DEG C of mass concentration 2～4% sodium hydroxide solutions
Middle immersion, filters to obtain filtering residue, and filtering residue volatilizes；
3) complex enzyme zymohydrolysis：By step 2) to add enzyme bottom mass ratio be 0.9～1.1% compound enzyme for the filtering residue of gained, shake in constant temperature
Swing and digest 50～70 minutes on device；
4) ultrasonic extraction method：By step 3) enzymolysis after filtering residue add distilled water, supersound extraction 2～4 times, filter is collected by centrifugation
Liquid；
5) concentrate：Filtrate reduced in volume by above-mentioned gained；
6) precipitate with ethanol：Add dehydrated alcohol after filtrate cooling after concentrating, stand overnight, collected after centrifugation precipitates；
7) it is vacuum dried：By the precipitation vacuum drying of gained, obtain target product Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide.
2. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 2) Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder and sodium hydroxide
The solid-liquid ratio of solution is 1g:20ml～1g:25ml, the alkali leaching time is 2～3 hours.
3. method according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：The temperature of described sodium hydroxide solution is 90 DEG C, quality hundred
Divide than being 3%, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii fibrous root powder is 1g with the solid-liquid ratio of sodium hydroxide solution:25ml, alkali soaks 3 hours time.
4. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 3) compound enzyme be cellulase, pectase,
In glucanase, fruit juice enzyme, papain, bromelain or subtilisin two kinds, two kinds of enzymes in compound enzyme
Mass ratio is 1:1, complex enzyme zymohydrolysis solid-liquid ratio is 1g:8ml～1g:12ml, the temperature of constant temperature oscillator is 45～50 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 4 it is characterised in that：Described complex enzyme zymohydrolysis solid-liquid ratio is 1g:10ml, during enzymolysis
Between 1 hour, the temperature of constant temperature oscillator be 50 DEG C.
6. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 4) filtering residue with the solid-liquid ratio of distilled water be
1g:25ml～1g:30ml, supersound extraction power is 45～60W, supersound extraction 3 times, and each time is 15～30min.
7. method according to claim 6 it is characterised in that：Described filtering residue is 1g with the solid-liquid ratio of distilled water:25ml, surpasses
It is 60W that sound extracts power, and each extraction time is 20min.
8. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 5) concentrating under reduced pressure temperature be 50～60
DEG C, pressure is 0.07～0.09MPa, and the relative density of concentration is 1.25～1.30.
9. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 6) the final volume percent of ethanol reach
70～80%, stand 11～13 hours.
10. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described step 7) vacuum drying temperature be 70～80
DEG C, pressure is 0.08～0.09MPa.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106749747A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | The method that Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide is extracted using zymolysis technique |
| CN113577239A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院) | American ginseng glycopeptide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115260334A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-01 | 河北象大合众生物科技有限公司 | Compound extraction process of mulberry leaf polysaccharide |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106749747A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | The method that Radix Panacis Quinquefolii polysaccharide is extracted using zymolysis technique |
| CN113577239A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院) | American ginseng glycopeptide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115260334A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-01 | 河北象大合众生物科技有限公司 | Compound extraction process of mulberry leaf polysaccharide |
| CN115260334B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-04-07 | 河北象大合众生物科技有限公司 | Compound extraction process of mulberry leaf polysaccharide |
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