CN106396754B - Fermentation equipment with improved stirring and ventilating device and use method thereof - Google Patents

Fermentation equipment with improved stirring and ventilating device and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106396754B
CN106396754B CN201610987744.6A CN201610987744A CN106396754B CN 106396754 B CN106396754 B CN 106396754B CN 201610987744 A CN201610987744 A CN 201610987744A CN 106396754 B CN106396754 B CN 106396754B
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stirring
fermentation
layer
arm
stirring part
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CN106396754A (en
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满光明
陈彤
杨涛
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Liaoning Dizhiyuan Environment Engineering Co ltd
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Liaoning Dizhiyuan Environment Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation device with an improved stirring and ventilating device and a using method thereof, wherein the fermentation device comprises: the fermentation tank body is longitudinally provided with a stirring shaft at the center thereof, a thoroughly decomposed layer stirring part, a fermentation layer stirring part and a preheating layer stirring part are transversely arranged on the stirring arm from bottom to top, the stirring part is provided with a stirring arm, the stirring arm of the thoroughly decomposed layer stirring part and the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part are provided with air holes communicated with the air channel, and the number and/or the aperture of the air holes on the stirring arm of the thoroughly decomposed layer stirring part are/is more than or larger than the number and/or the aperture of the air holes on the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part. According to the invention, the stirring and ventilation structure of the fermentation equipment is improved, so that the stirring and ventilation are sufficient, the energy consumption of the fermentation equipment is reduced, the fermentation is sufficient, and the water content of the fermented material is reduced.

Description

Fermentation equipment with improved stirring and ventilating device and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly provides a closed oxygen-consuming fermentation device with an improved stirring and ventilating device for treating livestock and poultry manure.
Background
In China, the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding plays an important role in rural economic development and farmer income increase, currently, livestock and poultry breeding enterprises in China carry out harmless treatment or utilize livestock and poultry manure as resources by less than 5 percent, most of livestock and poultry breeding enterprises in cities pollute local environment, and the pollution of the livestock and poultry manure is treated to a necessary degree. At present, the most common method for treating the livestock and poultry manure in China is as follows: directly returning to the field, airing and drying for treatment. The method for directly applying the livestock and poultry manure is free from investment, simple and easy to operate, easy to use by farmers, inconvenient to apply in large quantity and limited in use. The method is a main method for treating the livestock and poultry manure at present, and accounts for more than 90 percent of the treatment mode. In addition, about 5 percent of the livestock and poultry manure is subjected to a microbial composting method, which is to decompose and decompose the manure by microorganisms through artificially controlling conditions required by composting to produce efficient organic fertilizer. The mode of microbial fermentation for treating the livestock and poultry manure is a universal method for treating the livestock and poultry manure internationally, and is a strong requirement for treating the livestock and poultry manure in China at present.
A closed high-efficiency livestock and poultry manure fermentation machine is an advanced livestock and poultry manure treatment mode at present, the fermentation machine is key equipment for converting livestock and poultry manure into organic fertilizer after the livestock and poultry manure is treated, aerobic fermentation is carried out on the livestock and poultry manure through stirring of a driving system and oxygen introduction, and then decomposed organic materials are discharged through a worm discharging machine. The closed livestock and poultry manure fermentation machine is totally closed with one inlet and one outlet, has no secondary pollution, high fermentation speed, direct production of organic fertilizer and low operation cost.
However, the closed livestock manure fermentation machine available in the market still has the problems of insufficient fermentation, large energy consumption, high water content of the fermentation material and the like. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an improved livestock manure treatment apparatus in one or more of the above aspects.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds that the problems of insufficient fermentation, high water content of fermented materials and the like commonly existing in the existing closed fermentation equipment for the livestock and poultry manure can be improved by improving the ventilation mode in the fermentation tank body of the fermentation equipment. In particular, the present invention provides a fermentation apparatus with an improved agitation aeration apparatus for achieving the above-described effects.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fermentation apparatus having an improved stirred aeration device, the fermentation apparatus comprising: the fermentation tank body the center of the fermentation tank body is vertically provided with the (mixing) shaft follow supreme layer stirring part that becomes thoroughly decomposed, fermentation layer stirring part and the layer stirring part that preheats that transversely is provided with down on the (mixing) shaft, the layer stirring part that becomes thoroughly decomposed the fermentation layer stirring part with preheat and be equipped with the stirring arm on the layer stirring part, its characterized in that: the stirring shaft the maturity layer stirring part with be equipped with the gas passage of intercommunication in the fermentation layer stirring part, the rabbling arm of maturity layer stirring part with be equipped with on the rabbling arm of fermentation layer stirring part with the air vent of gas passage intercommunication, the quantity of air vent on the rabbling arm of maturity layer stirring part is more than the quantity of air vent on the rabbling arm of fermentation layer stirring part, and/or the aperture of air vent on the rabbling arm of maturity layer stirring part is greater than the aperture of air vent on the rabbling arm of fermentation layer stirring part.
In a preferred embodiment, the stirring arms of the preheating-layer stirring part are not provided with ventilation holes.
In a preferred embodiment, the decomposed layer agitating members comprise 3 agitating arms.
In a preferred embodiment, the decomposed layer agitating means comprises a first decomposed layer agitating means and a second decomposed layer agitating means 40 to 65cm, preferably 50 to 55cm, most preferably 50cm above the first decomposed layer agitating means. Preferably, the first decomposed layer stirring part comprises 3 stirring arms, and the second decomposed layer stirring part comprises 2 stirring arms. Preferably, the width of the stirring arm of the first decomposed layer stirring member is larger than the width of the stirring arm of the first decomposed layer stirring member.
In a preferred embodiment, there are 1 or more, such as 2, 3 or 4; each fermentation layer stirring part comprises 1, 2, 3 or more than 4 stirring arms, preferably 1 or 2 stirring arms.
In a preferred embodiment, there are 1 or more, such as 2, 3 or 4; each decomposed layer stirring part comprises 2, 3, 4 or 5 stirring arms, preferably 3 or 4 stirring arms. The distance between the stirring parts of the decomposed layer is 40-65cm, preferably 50-55cm, and most preferably 50cm.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the vent holes on the stirring arms of the stirring part of the decomposed layer is 1.0-3.0cm, preferably 1.4-2.4cm, most preferably 1.4cm, and the number of vent holes on each stirring arm is 5-8 per meter of radius of the fermenter, preferably 6-7 per meter of radius of the fermenter.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the vent holes on the stirring arms of the stirring part of the fermentation layer is 0.7-1.3cm, preferably 0.9-1.1cm, most preferably 1.0cm, and the number of vent holes on each stirring arm is 3-6 per meter of radius of the fermenter, preferably 4-5 per meter of radius of the fermenter.
In a preferred embodiment, the fermenting layer agitating member is 50-70cm, preferably 55-65cm, most preferably 60cm above the decomposing layer agitating member.
In a preferred embodiment, the preheating layer stirring elements are 1 or more, such as 2, 3 or 4, and each preheating layer stirring element comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 or more stirring arms, preferably 1 or 2 stirring arms.
In embodiments where there are multiple preheating layer stirring elements, the distance between adjacent preheating layer stirring elements is from 50 to 80cm, preferably from 60 to 70cm, most preferably 65cm.
In a preferred embodiment, the width of the stirring arm of the fermenting layer stirring part and the width of the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring part are smaller than the width of the stirring arm of the decomposing layer stirring part.
In a preferred embodiment, the width of the stirring arm of the preheating zone stirring part is smaller than the width of the stirring arm of the fermentation zone stirring part.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for treating animal or human manure with the fermentation device of the invention, the method comprising: organic pollutants such as animal or human excrement and the like are put into the fermentation equipment through a feeder and are subjected to aerobic fermentation under the conditions of stirring and ventilation to produce high-quality organic fertilizer raw materials.
According to the invention, the stirring and ventilation structure of the fermentation equipment is improved, so that the stirring and ventilation are sufficient, the energy consumption of the fermentation equipment is reduced, the fermentation is sufficient, and the water content of the fermented material is reduced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a fermentation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the agitation aeration apparatus of the fermentation apparatus of figure 1.
Fig. 3 shows a decomposed layer stirring part and a fermented layer stirring part of the fermentation apparatus of fig. 1 and 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides fermentation equipment with an improved stirring and ventilating device, which realizes full stirring and ventilating, reduces the energy consumption of the fermentation equipment, ensures full fermentation and reduces the water content of fermented materials.
The fermentation efficiency is seriously influenced by ventilation and stirring, the poor ventilation and stirring in the fermentation tank can greatly delay the fermentation process in treatment of animal or human excrement, particularly livestock and poultry excrement, the fermentation can not be completed for 15 days or even 20 days sometimes, the fermentation effect is poor, the fermented materials are not uniform, and harmful bacteria, worm eggs, weed seeds and the like can not be completely killed necessarily. In the invention, the fermentation speed of the fermentation equipment is high, and the fermentation is generally completed in 7-10 days. Organic pollutants such as animal or human excrement and the like are regulated by a premixer and then are put into the fermentation equipment through a feeder, and aerobic fermentation is carried out under the conditions of stirring and ventilation to generate fermentation heat. The heat can accelerate aerobic fermentation, evaporate water carried by the livestock and poultry manure, kill harmful bacteria, worm eggs, weed seeds and the like under a certain temperature condition, and produce high-quality organic fertilizer raw materials. Not only realizes the harmless treatment of organic pollutants, but also realizes the resource utilization.
In the invention, the stirring shaft, the decomposed layer stirring part and the fermentation layer stirring part are internally provided with communicated gas passages, and an external blower is used for introducing (hot) air to the gas passages of the stirring shaft, such as the gas passages of the blowerThe output pressure can reach 3500 water column, 35000Pa, and the air flow can reach 15m 3 More than min. Under the condition of introducing hot air, the temperature of the hot air can reach more than 45 ℃, and the function of heating the newly-fed materials can be achieved. The air from the blower is hermetically conveyed to the decomposed layer and the fermentation layer in the fermentation machine through the stirring shaft and the vent holes of the stirring arm.
Stirring and aeration play different roles in the decomposed layer and the fermentation layer. In the decomposed layer, the stirring arm of the stirring part of the decomposed layer stirs the fermented materials, and a large amount of air is introduced to realize the rapid evaporation of moisture, accelerate the fertilizer discharging process and shorten the retention time of the materials in the fermentation tank body. The water content of the fermentation material discharged by the fermentation equipment is generally 30-35%, and the water content can be manually adjusted. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the width of the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is greater than the width of the stirring arm of the fermented layer stirring part and the width of the stirring arm of the preheated layer stirring part to make the stirring more powerful. The decomposing layer stirring means preferably comprises 3 stirring arms also to ensure more efficient stirring. The number of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is more than that of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part, and/or the aperture of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is larger than that of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part, so that the ventilation quantity is increased, and the evaporation of water is accelerated.
Sufficient oxygen is required in the fermentation layer to allow the microorganisms in the fermentation material to be sufficiently supplied with oxygen to complete the fermentation process quickly. And the air introduced into the decomposed layer is heated by the decomposed layer and then flows upwards to the fermentation layer, and is continuously used for supplying oxygen to the fermentation layer to supplement oxygen. Therefore, a smaller air supply in the fermenting layer than in the decomposing layer is sufficient to maintain the fermentation. Sufficient oxygen supply allows the fermentation layer to be maintained at an elevated temperature, which is advantageous for aerobic fermentation, for example at a temperature of 50-75 degrees celsius, preferably 55-75 degrees celsius, most preferably 60-70 degrees celsius (particularly for livestock manure). The temperature can ensure that harmful bacteria, worm eggs, weed seeds and the like can be killed, and high-quality organic fertilizer raw materials are produced.
The preheating layer is stirred to preheat the newly added materials for preparation for fermentation, and the temperature is raised to 40-45 ℃. The preheated bed was not aerated to reduce the blower pressure.
The aperture and the number of the vent holes on the stirring arms of the stirring part of the decomposing layer and the stirring arms of the stirring part of the fermenting layer take the size of the fermenting tank into consideration. In the present invention, the diameter of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the stirring member of the decomposed layer is 1.0 to 3.0cm, preferably 1.4 to 2.4cm, most preferably 1.4cm; the diameter of the vent hole in the stirring arm of the stirring member of the fermentation layer is 0.7 to 1.3cm, preferably 0.9 to 1.1cm, and most preferably 1.0cm, and such a hole diameter ensures the ventilation efficiency and is not easily clogged. The number of the vent holes on each stirring arm of the stirring part of the decomposed layer is 5-8 per meter (radius of the fermentation tank), and preferably 6-7 per meter (radius of the fermentation tank); the number of the vent holes on each stirring arm of the stirring part of the fermentation layer is 3-6 per meter (radius of the fermenter), preferably 4-5 per meter (radius of the fermenter), so that sufficient oxygen supply of the decomposed layer and the fermentation layer can be ensured.
In the present invention, in order to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic stirring motor, the number of the stirring members should be reduced as much as possible while ensuring the stirring effect, because there is one more resistance for each additional stirring member, and if the distance between the stirring members is reduced, the stirring effect is reduced. The total number of stirring elements is therefore dependent on the height of the fermenter, for example for a fermenter with a height of 5.4 m, a total of 4 to 5 stirring elements are generally provided. The decomposed layer stirring part comprises a first decomposed layer stirring part and a second decomposed layer stirring part, and the second stirring part is 40-65cm, preferably 50-55cm, and most preferably 50cm above the first decomposed layer stirring part. The fermentation layer stirring part is 50-70cm, preferably 55-65cm, and most preferably 60cm above the decomposition layer stirring part. If there are a plurality of the preheating layer agitating members, the distance between the adjacent preheating layer agitating members is 50 to 80cm, preferably 60 to 70cm, and most preferably 65cm.
In the present invention, in order to further reduce the pressure of the hydraulic stirring motor, stirring arms of different numbers and widths are provided on different stirring members as necessary. Preferably, the first decomposed layer stirring part comprises 3 stirring arms, and the second decomposed layer stirring part comprises 2 stirring arms. Preferably, the width of the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part and the width of the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring part are smaller than the width of the stirring arm of the decomposing layer stirring part; the width of the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring part is smaller than that of the fermentation layer stirring part. By this strategy, the energy consumption of the fermentation plant can be greatly reduced. For example, for a fermentation tank body of 80 tons, the power consumption of the hydraulic stirring motor can be reduced from 11.5kw to 7.5kw, and about 100 degrees of electricity is saved in one day.
Although the present invention is described in the context of the use of the fermentation apparatus of the present invention in the context of manure, particularly livestock manure, the fermentation apparatus of the present invention with an improved aeration and agitation device is not limited to the treatment of manure, but may also be used for the fermentation of other saplings, such as municipal waste, fallen leaves, agricultural waste, etc.
The objects and functions of the present invention and methods for accomplishing the same will be apparent by reference to the exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; it can be implemented in different forms. The nature of the description is merely to assist those skilled in the relevant art in a comprehensive understanding of the specific details of the invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components, or the same or similar steps.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a fermentation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. The fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation tank body 100, wherein a stirring shaft 101 is longitudinally arranged at the center of the fermentation tank body 100, and a decomposed layer stirring part 102, a fermentation layer stirring part 103 and a preheating layer stirring part 104 are transversely arranged on the stirring shaft 101 from bottom to top; stirring arms 105/106/107 are arranged on the decomposed layer stirring part 102, the fermentation layer stirring part 103 and the preheating layer stirring part 104, a gas channel 110 communicated with the stirring shaft 101, the decomposed layer stirring part 102 and the fermentation layer stirring part 103 is arranged in the stirring shaft, the stirring arms 105 of the decomposed layer stirring part 102 and the stirring arms 106 of the fermentation layer stirring part 103 are provided with vent holes 108/109 communicated with the gas channel 110, the number of the vent holes 108 on the stirring arms 105 of the decomposed layer stirring part 102 is more than that of the vent holes 109 on the stirring arms 106 of the fermentation layer stirring part 103, and the aperture of the vent holes 108 on the stirring arms 105 of the decomposed layer stirring part 102 is more than that of the vent holes 109 on the stirring arms 106 of the fermentation layer stirring part 103. The fermentation apparatus is shown with two well-decomposed layer stirring members 102a/102b, stirring arms 105a and 105b, respectively, and ventilation holes 108a and 108b, respectively.
Figure 2 shows the agitation aeration apparatus of the fermentation apparatus of figure 1. A decomposed layer stirring component 202, a fermentation layer stirring component 203 and a preheating layer stirring component 204 are transversely arranged on the stirring shaft 201 from bottom to top; stirring arms 205/206/207 are arranged on the decomposed layer stirring part 202, the fermentation layer stirring part 203 and the preheating layer stirring part 204. The fermentation layer stirring part 203 is 60cm above the decomposed layer stirring part 202. The preheating layer stirring part 204 is 65cm above the fermenting layer stirring part 203. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the decomposed layer stirring section 202 is provided with 3 stirring arms 205, the fermented layer stirring section 203 is provided with 1 stirring arm 206, and the preheated layer stirring section 204 is provided with 3 stirring arms 207. Also shown are the vent holes 208 on the stirring arm 205 and the vent holes 209 on the stirring arm 206. The number of the stirring arms 205 is generally 3 or more than 3; the number of the stirring arms 206 may be 1 or more as required; the stirring arms 207 may also be provided in 1 or 2, particularly in the case of a stirring member having a plurality of preheating layers. In a preferred embodiment, the decomposed layer stirring member comprises a first decomposed layer stirring member and a second decomposed layer stirring member, the second decomposed layer stirring member being 50cm above the first decomposed layer stirring member; the preheating layer stirring part comprises a first preheating layer stirring part and a second preheating layer stirring part, and the distance between the first preheating layer stirring part and the second preheating layer stirring part is 65cm.
Fig. 3 shows a decomposed layer stirring part and a fermented layer stirring part of the fermentation apparatus of fig. 1 and 2. The diameter of the vent hole 308 on the stirring arm 305 of the decomposed layer stirring member 302 was 1.4cm; the diameter of the vent 309 on the stirring arm 306 of the fermentation layer stirring member 303 was 1.0cm; the stirring arm 307 of the preheating layer stirring section 304 has no vent hole. For a fermentation tank body with the diameter of 4.5 meters, the number of the vent holes 308 on each stirring arm 305 of the decomposed layer stirring part 302 is 14-16, and the number of the vent holes 309 on the stirring arm 306 of the fermentation layer stirring part 303 is 10. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the decomposed layer stirring section 302 is provided with 3 stirring arms 305, the fermented layer stirring section 303 is provided with 2 stirring arms 306, and the preheated layer stirring section 304 is provided with 3 stirring arms 307. The widths of the stirring arm 305 of the decomposed layer stirring member 302, the stirring arm 306 of the fermentation layer stirring member 303, and the stirring arm 307 of the preheating layer stirring member 304 are reduced in this order, achieving a desired stirring effect while reducing resistance.
The process of fermenting livestock and poultry manure using the fermentation apparatus of the present invention is illustrated below by specific examples:
the fermentation tower body adopts a cylindrical structure, the mixed materials of the livestock and poultry manure are added into the fermentation tank from a feed inlet at the upper part of the fermentation tank body 100, 60 to 70 percent of filling materials must be kept in the fermentation tank, and 10 to 12m of the materials are added into the tower body every day 3 (10-12 tons) of livestock and poultry manure and 4.5-5 tons (the fermentation material is about 45 percent of the raw material) of completely fermented organic materials are discharged. The volume of material charged per day is equivalent to the volume of material discharged. The stirring shaft rotates one circle every 40 minutes, and the fermentation period is 7 days. That is, the livestock and poultry manure is added in the first day, the materials are sequentially transferred to the next layer after staying for a certain time in each layer, and are discharged after being completely decomposed in the 7 th day. The materials slowly move downwards under the stirring action of the stirring arms 107/207/307 of the stirring parts 104/204/304 of the preheating layer, the fermented gas and the water vapor which rise at the lower part of the fermentation tank heat the materials, and the temperature of the materials is raised to 40-45 ℃ before the materials enter the fermentation layer to prepare for fermentation. After the preheated material enters the fermentation layer, the material is fermented under the action of the stirring arms 106/206/306 of the stirring parts 103/203/303 of the fermentation layer, the hot gas rising from the decomposed layer and the gas introduced into the air holes 109/209/309 on the stirring arms 106/206/306 of the stirring parts 103/203/303 of the fermentation layer are enough to be fermented, the temperature can reach 60-70 ℃ (even more than 80 ℃) under the action of microbial fermentation, and the material can be discharged and introduced by adjusting the material discharging speedThe amount of the gas and the temperature of the gas are maintained, and the temperature can ensure that harmful bacteria, worm eggs, weed seeds and the like are killed. And the stirring shaft and the stirring arm can supply enough oxygen for the fermentation material by utilizing a special channel along with the stirring process, so that enough oxygen is provided for aerobic microorganisms. Meanwhile, the solid in the material can be kept in a suspension state during stirring, the retention time of gas in the material is prolonged, and the oxygen in the air is effectively utilized. The microorganisms in the material are activated under proper environmental conditions for aerobic fermentation. After 3-4 days, the temperature is gradually reduced, the fermentation is completed in 5-7 days, and the water content in the fermentation material is kept at 30-40 percent, so that the coffee color fermentation fertilizer (the fermentation material of the chicken manure) is formed. After the fermentation is completed, the materials enter a decomposed layer, the stirring arms 105 (105 a/105 b)/205/305 of the stirring parts 102 (102 a/102 b)/202/302 of the decomposed layer realize more violent stirring of the materials, and meanwhile, a large amount of gas is introduced into the vent holes 108 (108 a/108 b)/208/308 to realize rapid evaporation of moisture. During stirring, the solid in the material can be kept in a suspension state, and the contact between gas and the material is increased. And finally discharging the material from the lowest layer, wherein the water content of the discharged material is 30-35%.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

Claims (21)

1. A fermentation apparatus having an improved stirred aeration device, the fermentation apparatus comprising:
the fermentation tank body the center of the fermentation tank body vertically is provided with the (mixing) shaft, supreme layer stirring part, the fermentation layer stirring part and the preheating layer stirring part of transversely being provided with down on the (mixing) shaft, the layer stirring part that becomes thoroughly decomposed the fermentation layer stirring part with be equipped with stirring arm, its characterized in that on the preheating layer stirring part:
the stirring shaft, the decomposed layer stirring part and the fermentation layer stirring part are internally provided with communicated gas channels, the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part and the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part are provided with vent holes communicated with the gas channels, the number of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is more than that of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part, and/or the aperture of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is more than that of the vent holes on the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part;
the diameter of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the stirring part of the decomposed layer is 1.0-3.0cm;
the width of the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part and the width of the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring part are smaller than the width of the stirring arm of the decomposing layer stirring part; the width of the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring part is smaller than that of the fermentation layer stirring part.
2. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stirring arm of the preheating layer stirring member has no ventilation hole.
3. The fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the decomposing layer agitating member includes 3 agitating arms.
4. The fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the decomposed layer stirring members are 2 or 3, and the pitch of the decomposed layer stirring members is 40 to 65cm.
5. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pitch of the decomposing layer agitating members is 50-55cm.
6. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pitch of the decomposed layer agitating members is 50cm.
7. A fermentation arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of vent holes in each arm of the well-decomposed layer stirring element is 5-8 per meter of radius of the fermenter body.
8. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the diameter of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring member is 1.4-2.4cm.
9. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the vent hole on the stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part has a diameter of 1.4cm.
10. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the number of the vent holes on each stirring arm of the decomposed layer stirring part is 6-7 per meter of the radius of the fermentation tank body.
11. A fermentation arrangement according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the diameter of the ventilation holes in the stirring arms of the stirring part of the fermentation layer is 0.7-1.3cm, and the number of ventilation holes in each stirring arm is 3-6 per meter of radius of the fermenter body.
12. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the diameter of the vent hole on the stirring arm of the stirring member of the fermentation layer is 0.9-1.1cm.
13. The fermentation apparatus of claim 11, wherein the vent hole in the stirring arm of the fermentation layer stirring part has a diameter of 1.0cm.
14. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the number of the vent holes on each stirring arm of the stirring part of the fermentation layer is 4-5 per meter of radius of the fermentation tank body.
15. A fermentation arrangement according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the fermentation layer agitation means is 50-70cm above the maturity layer agitation means.
16. The fermentation arrangement of claim 15, wherein the fermentation layer agitation member is 55-65cm above the maturity layer agitation member.
17. The fermentation arrangement of claim 15, wherein the fermentation layer agitation member is 60cm above the maturity layer agitation member.
18. The fermentation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the preheating layer stirring members is 2, 3 or 4, and the preheating layer stirring members are spaced at intervals of 50 to 80cm.
19. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the pitch of the preheating layer stirring members is 60-70cm.
20. The fermentation apparatus of claim 18, wherein the preheating layer stirring members are spaced apart by 65cm.
21. A method for treating animal or human manure with a fermentation device according to any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that the method comprises: and (2) putting organic pollutants of animal or human excrement into the fermentation equipment through a feeder, and carrying out aerobic fermentation under the conditions of stirring and ventilation to produce a high-quality organic fertilizer raw material.
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