The present invention is the number of patent application that applicant proposed on 05 20th, 2015 is " 201510256850.2 ", title
For the divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application of " jib crane ", entire contents are incorporated among the application.
Specific embodiment
The know-why of embodiment and work process for a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and be embodied as
Example to describe the present invention further.
Fig. 1-Figure 20 is indicated to the structure of hoist engine of the present invention, subsystem or part, identical label table therein
It is shown as same parts.
Referring to Fig. 1, the structure of jib crane of the present invention is shown.This jib crane includes chassis S1, turntable S2, elevator
Machine S3, landing oil cylinder S4, the part such as arm support S5, suspension hook S6, turntable S2 is loaded on chassis S1, and hoist engine S3 is loaded on turntable, arm support S5
Head end be articulated with turntable S2, suspension hook 6 hangs on the tail end of arm support S5, and one end of landing oil cylinder S4 is articulated with turntable S2, landing
The other end of oil cylinder S4 is articulated with arm support S5.Turntable S2 rotates and arm support S5 is rotated, and oil cylinder S4 stretches and makes arm support S5 landing,
Speed change oil cylinder (not shown) makes arm support S5 luffing, and hoist engine S3 folding and unfolding is around in reel, arm support assembly pulley and lifting hook pulley group
Steel cable lifting by crane the workpiece on suspension hook S6.The present invention has carried out many places improvement for hoist engine S3 and its subsystem and part,
Further explained below.
Referring also to Fig. 2-Fig. 4, illustrates the complete machine structure of hoist engine of the present invention.This hoist engine includes driving means, winding
Device, brake unit and control device (not shown):Driving means by motor M01 (preferably frequency conversion motor), shaft coupling 7,
Reductor 1 grade part is constituted, and motor M01, shaft coupling 7, reductor 1 couple successively;Coiler device by reel 2, top sheave group 3 and
The part such as lower sheave group and steel cable is constituted, and reel 2 is in transmission connection in reductor 1 so that reel 2 turns around, and steel cable is wound in reel
2nd, carry out folding and unfolding in top sheave group 3 and lower sheave group;Brake unit is made up of brake 5 and adnexa etc., and brake 5 acts on and subtracts
It is braked on the high speed shaft of fast machine 1 or slow-speed shaft;Control device is provided with motor stopping controlling organization, and this motor stopping controls
Mechanism stops motor operation in default upper limit or lower limit.
As shown in figs 2-4, the concrete structure of this hoist engine is:Reductor 1 and drum support 4 are installed on frame
S01 top, one end of reel 2 is rotationally connected with drum support 4, and the other end of reel 2 is driven by drum connection structure 8
It is connected to the slow-speed shaft of reductor 1, the high speed shaft of reductor 1 is by shaft coupling (outside is provided with shaft coupling clamshell) 7 and motor M01
Power output shaft connect;Top sheave group 3 is positioned frame S01, steel cable with certain style canoe be wound in reel 2, on
Assembly pulley 3 and lower sheave group, accordingly carry out folding and unfolding in motor M01 forward or reverse;Brake 5 is installed on reductor 1, system
The braked wheel 6 on reductor 1 high speed shaft can be held when dynamic tightly and be braked.
In this hoist engine, optimize spool body, spool shaft and its roll support, draw bail, reel layout is more reasonable,
Structure is more compact, installs also convenient;Improve spool body structure and steel cable canoe and Ya Sheng mechanism rotate, can be more preferable
The problem that avoids steel cable to unclamp or be intertwined, be conducive to eliminating safe hidden trouble;Improve brake, lifting stop and
Motor stopping controlling organization, spacing, stop in emergency when can according to predetermined be intended to stop in time, braking, thus having
Effect ground reduces security incident.Described further below.
Fig. 2-Fig. 4 illustrates brake mounting structure, and this brake 5 is installed on the high speed shaft of reductor 1, is made by holding tightly
Driving wheel 6 and reductor 1 is braked, and so that the reel 2 on the slow-speed shaft of reductor 1 is braked.Further below to system
The structure of dynamic device is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 5, the structure of brake of the present invention is shown.In this brake 5, the first brake arm 52, the first brake arm 53,
Driving telescopic rod with driving means 50 (can be cylinder or oil cylinder) 59, one end of driven expansion link 58 are hingedly connected to Brake Block
51;First brake arm 52, driving telescopic rod 59, the other end of driven expansion link 58 are hingedly connected to an arm of L-shaped connecting rod 57;The
The other end of two brake arms 53 is hinged with linear connecting rod 55, and the other end of linear connecting rod 55 is hinged with another arm of L-shaped connecting rod 57;
First brake block 56 is installed on the inner side of the first brake arm 52, and the second brake block 54 is installed on the inner side of the second brake arm 53, should
The intrados of the intrados of the first brake block 56 and the second brake block 54 holds the braked wheel on reductor 1 high speed shaft tightly in braking
6.This mode of braking structure is simple, and braking response is fast, and effect is preferable.
Referring to Fig. 6, steel cable winding arrangement of the present invention is shown.In this steel cable winding arrangement, steel cable 10 is twined by following manner
It is around in reel 2, top sheave (arm support pulley) group 3 and lower sheave (lifting hook pulley) group 9:The first end of steel cable 10 is around in reel 2
First end is simultaneously fixed on the first pressure rope position 2a, and the second end of steel cable 10 is around in the second end of reel 2 and is fixed on reel 2 second
Pressure rope position 2d, steel cable 10 lays out from reel 2 first conductor rope position 2b counter clockwise direction, bypasses the first lower sheave successively counterclockwise
91st, the first top sheave 31, the second lower sheave 92, the second top sheave 32, then bypass clockwise successively on the 3rd lower sheave the 93, the 3rd
After pulley 33, the 4th lower sheave 94, another mistake hour hands wraparound reel 2 second conductor rope position 2c.Steel cable 10 adopts this canoe,
The probability of occurrence that steel cable such as was wound around, unclamps at the bad phenomenon can be reduced.
Referring to Fig. 7, reel of the present invention and drum connection structure, pressure rope structure and drum support are shown.Reel 2 includes
Spool body 21 and spool shaft 22, the first end of this spool shaft 22 is fixedly supported to the second end of spool body 21, and the of spool body 21
One end is coupled with the slow-speed shaft of reductor 1 by drum connection structure (the I part in Fig. 6), and the second end of spool shaft 22 supports
In drum support (the III part in Fig. 6), install very convenient.Additionally, the two ends top of spool body 21 sets respectively
Put pressure rope structure (the II part in Fig. 6), can preferably fix the end of steel cable 10.
Referring also to 8- Fig. 9, illustrates the structure of reel of the present invention.This spool body 21 setting first end plate 25, the second end plate
24 are coupled with the slow-speed shaft of reductor 1 by drum connection structure with gripper shoe 23, the first end plate 25 of spool body 21, spool body
21 the second end plate 24 is fixing with gripper shoe 23 to support spool shaft 22, and this spool shaft 22 is installed on drum support, installs
Come very convenient.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 9, this spool body 21 setting steel cable guide groove 211 above, it is easy to steel cable 10 along steel cable guide groove 211
Introduce/draw, be thus conducive to steel cable 10 to be wound around in an orderly manner.
Referring to Figure 10, the structure of spool shaft of the present invention is shown.This spool shaft 22 includes spool shaft main body 222, spool shaft master
The first end of body 222 arranges first shaft shoulder 221, and the second end of spool shaft main body 222 arranges second shaft shoulder 224 and the 3rd shaft shoulder
225, wherein, spool shaft main body 222, the external diameter of first shaft shoulder 221, second shaft shoulder 224 and the 3rd shaft shoulder 225 are sequentially reduced, and
Tapered transitional 223 is set between spool shaft main body 222 and second shaft shoulder 224, and this spool shaft 22 structural strength is preferably, also square
Just install.
Referring to Figure 11, drum connection structure of the present invention is shown.In this drum connection structure, connection semiaxis 84 is by cylindrical roller
Bearing 87 is supported in terminal pad 82, and the medial end setting baffle plate 86 of connection semiaxis 84, connection semiaxis 84, cylinder roller bearing
87 and the inner side joint portion inner cover plate 85 of terminal pad 82 block, connection semiaxis 84, cylinder roller bearing 87 and terminal pad 82
Outside joint portion outer cover plate 83 blocks, and terminal pad 82 is fixing with ring flange 81, and ring flange 81 is anchored on spool body 21 the
End plate 25.This structure connection is reliable, easy for installation.
Referring to Figure 12, present invention pressure rope structure is shown.This pressure rope structure 11 includes steel cable pressing plate 111, under steel cable pressing plate
Surface arranges steel cable indent 1121, and this steel cable pressing plate 111 is anchored in the screw of spool body 21 by bolt 112 so that steel cable
10 are reliably fixed on spool body 21 without deviating from, and thus increase safety coefficient.
Referring to Figure 13, drum support of the present invention is shown.In this drum support 4, the machine that arranges is supported on pedestal 41
Seat bearing block 43, reel bearing block 44 is supported in support bearing block 43, and spool shaft 22 is supported in volume by tapered roller bearing 45
Cylinder bearing block 44, support bearing block 43, inner side joint portion inner cover plate 42 envelope of reel bearing block 44 and tapered roller bearing 45
Stifled, support bearing block 43, the outside joint portion outer cover plate 47 of reel bearing block 44 and tapered roller bearing 45 blocks.This knot
Structure is compact, and it is convenient to install.
As shown in figure 13, the present embodiment illustrates to lift the mounting structure of stop.In Figure 12, spool shaft 22 arranges reel
Axle gusset piece 46, in order to install the drive end (as screw lifts the rocking bar of stop 12) of lifting stop 12, on 2 turns of reel
When dynamic angle exceedes predetermined value (revolution), electrical connection can be disconnected to prevent reel from rotating further, so can be to lifting
Highly limited.Below in conjunction with Figure 12-Figure 14, to further describe.
Referring to Figure 14-Figure 15, present invention lifting stop structure is shown.With reference to Figure 12, this lifting stop 12 wraps
Include U-bracket 121, rocking bar 122, screw rod 123, runner 124, stop housing 125, guide post 126, push pedal 127, active conductive
Post 128, limit switch 129 and fixing conductive pole 120:U-bracket 121 is fixed on the outer cover plate 47 being connected with spool shaft 22, limit
Position device housing 125 is anchored on U-bracket 121 by screw, and screw rod 123 is supported on stop housing 125, and push pedal 127 is installed
On screw rod 123, active conductive post 128 one end is connected to push pedal 127, and active conductive post 128 other end is supported in and stop
On the arm of limit switch 129 that housing 125 is connected, fixing conductive pole 120 is fixed on another arm of limit switch 129
On, runner 124 is installed on the end of screw rod 123, and one end of rocking bar 122 prejudicially connects runner 124, the other end of rocking bar 122
It is connected with spool shaft gusset piece 46.
Additionally, also installing guide post 126 on stop housing 125, this guide post 126 and screw rod 123 be arranged in parallel, push pedal
127 are arranged in guide post 126 slides, to ensure smoothly to move.
In this embodiment, the position of push pedal 127 can be pre-adjusted.When reel 2 scrolling, rocking bar 122 is with spool shaft
Gusset piece 46 rotates, and by runner 124, screw rod 123 is rotated, and push pedal 127 translation drives active conductive post 128 to depart from and fixes
Conductive pole 120, thereby turns off electrical connection and plays position-limiting action, thus improves security performance.
Figure 14-Figure 15 is illustrated to the structure of lifting stop 12, and this lifting stop can be used for upper limit,
Can be used for lower limit.Will lift stop limit switch be connected to hoist engine motor M01 control loop, by triggering electricity
Motor protective circuit breaker in machine control loop, to stop motor M01 operation, thus plays safeguard protection effect.
The present invention is directed to be prevented, the spacing situation of spacing appearance, is improved, tool in terms of electric control system simultaneously
Body is described as follows.
Referring also to Figure 16-Figure 17, illustrates the circuit structure of motor stopping controlling organization of the present invention.This motor stopping controls
Mechanism can be used for hoist engine it can also be used to other types of lowering or hoisting gear, and its electrical structure is:Control loop in motor M01
In, add a catalyst KM01 between motor protective circuit breaker QF01 and converter VF01;Upper the next limit switch SQ01, SQ02
It is connected in series in the control loop of this catalyst KM01.Herein, the terminal 1-6 of motor protective circuit breaker QF01, catalyst KM01's
A1, A2 (three groups of terminals 1,2), terminal R, S, T, V, W, PE of converter VF01, the terminal 11,12 of limit switch SQ01, SQ02,
And the terminal 13,14 of spacing solution lock key knob SB01 connects according to Figure 15 and Figure 16, no longer concrete launch explanation.
After limit switch SQ01 or SQ02 is triggered, directly cut off the coil power of catalyst KM01, catalyst KM01
Release, thus cuts off the power supply in converter VF01 loop, thus quickly stopping the operation of motor M01;Hereafter, by rotary stopper
Solution lock key knob SB01 can be unlocked.This control mode, decreases the intermediate link processing limit signal so that fault
When generation, motor can stop at once, it is to avoid the injures and deaths of the damage of equipment and personnel.
Change the speed of hoist engine S3 for convenience, the present invention adopts motor variable-frequency speed-regulating to control.Described below.
Referring to Figure 18, the block diagram of motor speed regulation system of the present invention is shown.This motor speed regulation system includes coupling successively
Power supply M03, converter M02 and motor M01, this converter M02 adopts AC-DC-AC mode, first industrial frequency AC is powered electricity
Source M03 is converted into DC source by commutator, then again by inverter, DC source is converted into frequency, voltage all controlled
The alternating current power supply of system, to supply motor M01, so can change the rotating speed of motor M01 by changing frequency.
As shown in figure 18, the input stage of this converter M02 is provided with filtering decoupling circuit, and it is preferably RC filtering decoupling electricity
Road, is made up of the current-limiting resistance R and filter capacitor C that concatenate, so that the output plus terminal of power supply M03 and output ground termination
Enter the current-limiting resistance R and filter capacitor C of concatenation.This filtering decoupling circuit is as the preposition analog low-pass of AC signal input channel
Wave filter, has jamproof effect concurrently;Access decoupling capacitance between two terminals of alternating current-direct current signal input channel, can be high frequency differential mode
Interference signal provides bypass.
Referring to Figure 19, the schematic block circuit diagram of converter of the present invention is shown.The converter M02 of the present embodiment includes rectified current
Road M021, power factor correction circuit M022, filter circuit M023, inverter circuit M024 and microcontroller circuit M025, man-machine
The parts such as interface circuit M026, wherein:Rectification circuit M021 forms (preferably full-bridge rectification electricity by commutation diode or bridge heap
Road), including necessary interference filtering circuit, its major function is that alternating current is converted to unidirectional current;Circuit of power factor correction
M022 is selectable unit (SU), is made up of power semiconductor and control chip, it is also connected to the power factor (PF) of microcontroller circuit M025
Correction end, effect is to make input current close to sine wave, reduces mains by harmonics content, realizes improving the purpose of power factor;Filter
Wave circuit M023 (preferably RC filter circuit) is mainly made up of elements such as electrochemical capacitors, complete galvanic filtering and
Energy storage acts on;Inverter circuit M024 is made up of power model and drive circuit, and its power model can be intelligent power driving tube
Chip, it is also connected to the drive signal end of described microcontroller circuit, and its major function is to complete unidirectional current to three-phase alternating current
Conversion, realize frequency modulation and voltage modulation purpose;Microcontroller circuit M025 is made up of microprocessor (DSP) and peripheral circuit, its basis
The order that man-machine interface circuit M026 is sent, sends corresponding command signal, controls circuit of power factor correction M022 and inversion
Circuit M024 works, and according to electronic feedback information, carries out necessary circuit protection and troubleshooting.So, this embodiment is led to
Crossing the output mode that microcontroller circuit controls converter M02, being conducive to neatly by pre-provisioning request output voltage, thus meeting
The demand of different user.
Referring to Figure 20, the circuit theory diagrams of inverter of the present invention are shown.It is particularly used for the inverter circuit M024 of motor M01
With the example of microcontroller circuit, its working method is:Civil power is changed into unidirectional current through rectification circuit M021, by electrochemical capacitor
After filtering, access the power input of inverter circuit M024, between its power input, access filter capacitor.And microcontroller circuit
Microprocessor according to the setting signal of man-machine interface circuit, motor M01 is controlled.
In the present embodiment, inverter circuit M024 includes power pipe driving chip, and this power pipe driving chip is connected to microprocessor
The microprocessor (MCU/DSP) of device circuit, so that according to the pulse width modulating signal of microprocessor output, drives corresponding work(
Rate pipe alternate conduction and shutoff.Specifically, described inverter circuit M024 includes six power tube Q1~Q6, this six power tubes
It is divided into three groups, every group power controls a phase winding of three phase electric machine M01.
The concrete connected mode of each power tube is:The source electrode of power tube Q1, Q2, Q3 connects one end of DC source jointly,
The drain electrode of power tube Q4, Q5, Q6 meets the other end of DC source, the company of the source electrode of the drain electrode of power tube Q1 and power tube Q4 jointly
Contact connects the U phase terminal of motor, and the junction point of the source electrode of the drain electrode of power tube Q2 and power tube Q5 connects the V phase terminal of motor, work(
The source electrode junction point of the drain electrode of rate pipe Q3 and power tube Q6 connects the W phase terminal of motor;The grid of power tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6
Pole connects an outfan of power pipe driving chip respectively, and each input of this power pipe driving chip is subject to microprocessor respectively
Output pulse width Regulate signal PWM1, PWM2 of circuit, PWM3, PWM4, PWM5, PWM6 Zhong mono- tunnel control.This six work(
Rate pipe Q1~Q6 source electrode and drain electrode between corresponding access diode D1~D6.
During start, microprocessor produces corresponding 6 road pulse width modulating signals according to the motor speed setting, that is, drive
Signal PWM1~PWM6;By power pipe driving chip drive inverter M024 6 power tube (MOSFET or IGBT) Q1~
Q6;The alternate conduction of these power tubes and shutoff, produce three-phase modulations waveform, and output voltage is adjustable, the three of changeable frequency intersect
Stream electricity, exports U, V, W terminals of motor M01, thus realizing the stepless frequency control of motor M01.
Although the present invention is open as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this area skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, the therefore guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope should be defined by the scope that the claims in the present invention are defined.