CN106392328B - A kind of laser assembly solder method of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel - Google Patents
A kind of laser assembly solder method of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106392328B CN106392328B CN201611036496.3A CN201611036496A CN106392328B CN 106392328 B CN106392328 B CN 106392328B CN 201611036496 A CN201611036496 A CN 201611036496A CN 106392328 B CN106392328 B CN 106392328B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder methods of band Al Si coating hot forming steel, including：The hot forming steel plate with Al Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas using laser welding apparatus；The protective gas includes the mixed gas of the one or two and inert gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide.The present invention is during welding; using the mixed gas of oxygen and the one or two kinds of and inert gas of carbon dioxide as protective gas; improve the partial pressure of oxygen in welding pool so that the Al elements entered in welding pool are combined the Al to be formed and not influenced on weld seam obdurability with O elements2O3, inhibit Al to form intermetallic compound with Fe elements and influence austenite phase transformation, finally obtain the weld metal zone of full lath martensite tissue, the intensity of weld seam reaches base material level.This method is without adding welding wire, and without coating is removed before weldering, method is simple, improves production efficiency, reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser welding, are spelled more particularly, to a kind of laser of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel
Soldering method.
Background technology
Along with the growing day by day of world car ownership, a series of problems, such as energy shortage, environmental pollution, is also increasingly prominent
Go out.Energy-saving and emission-reduction have become World Auto Industry circle urgent problem to be solved.According to statistics, if vehicle complete vehicle weight reduces by 10%,
Fuel efficiency can be improved 6%~8%；Automobile kerb weight often reduces 100 kilograms, and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers can reduce by 0.3~0.6 liter；
Vehicle weight reduces by 1%, and oil consumption can reduce by 0.7%.Unimach has in terms of anticollision performance, processing technology and cost
Apparent advantage disclosure satisfy that the dual needs for mitigating vehicle weight and improving collision safety performance.Therefore, super-high strength steel is vapour
Meet body lightening in terms of material loss of weight in vehicle field and improve the optimal selection of collision property, is also answered by more and more extensive
In the manufacture for using vehicle body.
A kind of superelevation strong automobile steel of the hot forming steel as allusion quotation shape, is mainly used for the safety members such as B columns, collision prevention girders on automobile
Manufacture.The prior art is to prevent hot forming steel from being aoxidized on surface layer during hot press-formed, is usually plated in Al-Si coating
Surface of steel plate, however the coating but causes the welded bands of the steel to carry out very big difficulty：Al-Si coating melts in the welding process
After can enter weld seam, form Fe-Al compounds between brittle metal, while influencing weld seam phase transformation law to lead to ferritic shape
At so that the intensity and toughness of weld seam cannot be satisfied requirement.Therefore, prior art generally use mechanical stripping, laser ablation,
The modes such as shot-peening first remove overlay coating, then are welded the influence for avoiding aluminium layer and alloy-layer from bringing, but this method
Process is various, greatly reduces production efficiency.
Patent 201380001259.1 disclose it is a kind of using filler wire (C content is higher 0.1%~0.8%wt than base material,
Mn contents are higher 1.5%~7.0%wt than base material) inhibit the generation of ferrite transformation in weld metal zone, to realize need not remove
Al-Si coating directly carries out laser assembly solder, and can obtain the different materials of high quality or the tailor welded of thickness.But it should
Method be by add welding wire come realize welding, it is clear that for practical applications, just because of use welding wire, increase wire feed
Machine, laser beam are matched with wire-feed motor so that production cost significantly improves.
Invention content
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of laser of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel
Butt welding method, method is simple, at low cost, shearing strength is high.
The present invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder methods of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：
The hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas using laser welding apparatus；
The protective gas includes the mixed gas of the one or two and inert gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the percent by volume that inert gas accounts for mixed gas in the protective gas is 78%~95%；It is described
The percent by volume that the one or two of oxygen and carbon dioxide account for mixed gas is 5%~22%.
Preferably, the inert gas is selected from one or more of helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon and nitrogen.
Preferably, the flow of the protective gas is 10~15L/min.
Preferably, the laser power of the laser welding apparatus is 500~5000W；Laser beam flying rate be 0.8~
3.0m/min。
Preferably, the laser welding apparatus is optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or carbon dioxide laser.
Preferably, the thickness of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating is 0.8~2.0mm.
Preferably, the arrangement form of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating is docking；Two blocks of steel plates of the docking
Between weld width be less than the band Al-Si coating hot forming steel plate thickness 10%~20%.
Preferably, include pretreatment before the welding, the pretreatment is to clean the steel plate using solvent.
Preferably, the solvent is selected from one or more of acetone and ethyl alcohol.
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder method of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel, packets
It includes：The hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas using laser welding apparatus；The guarantor
Shield gas includes the mixed gas of the one or two and inert gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide.The present invention during welding,
Using the mixed gas of oxygen and the one or two kinds of and inert gas of carbon dioxide as protective gas, welding pool is improved
In partial pressure of oxygen, carry out so that being combined to form Al with oxygen element into the Al elements in welding pool2O3, inhibit Al and Fe elements
It forms intermetallic compound and influences austenite phase transformation, finally obtain the weld metal zone of full lath martensite tissue, the shearing resistance of weld seam
Intensity reaches base material level.This method is without adding welding wire, and without coating is removed before weldering, method is simple, improves production effect
Rate reduces production cost.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder methods of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：
The hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas using laser welding apparatus；
The protective gas includes the mixed gas of the one or two and inert gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The present invention is carried out the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating using laser welding apparatus under conditions of protective gas
Welding.
In the present invention, it preferably includes to pre-process before the welding, the pretreatment is to clean the steel plate using solvent.
In the present invention, the solvent is preferably selected from one or more of acetone and ethyl alcohol.
The present invention before welding it is only necessary to use solvent to clean surface of steel plate greasy dirt, without mechanical stripping or
The methods of laser ablation removes the Al-Si coating of surface of steel plate, and method is simple, at low cost.
In the present invention, before welding, preferably the steel plate after cleaning is arranged, the hot forming of the band Al-Si coating
The arrangement form of steel plate is docking；The docking is specially：
The steel plate of purified treatment is placed on workbench, uses welding fixture so that two blocks of steel plates are in close contact.
The present invention is for the workbench and welding fixture without restriction, welding job well known to those skilled in the art
Platform and welding fixture.
In the present invention, the thickness of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating is preferably 0.8~2.0mm；More preferably
1~1.8mm.
In the present invention, the weld width between two blocks of steel plates of the docking is preferably smaller than the band Al-Si coating
The 10%~20% of the thickness of hot forming steel plate；The more preferably less than thickness of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating
10%~18%；The 10%~15% of the thickness of the hot forming steel plate of the more preferably less than described band Al-Si coating.
Above-mentioned specific docking setting is more advantageous to the intensity of final steel plate；After the size of above-mentioned weld seam is more advantageous to welding
Melting be connected.
After docking, using laser welding apparatus by the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating under conditions of protective gas into
Row welding.
The welding is preferably specially：Using laser equipment under the conditions of protective gas, docked using laser irradiation steel plate
Melt at steel plate docking at place so that liquefaction occurs at docking, solidifies and be cooled into final weld seam.
The hot forming steel plate of band Al-Si coating of the present invention is the band after drop stamping well known to those skilled in the art
The hot forming steel plate of Al-Si coating, the present invention have no this specifically limited.
The present invention is for the specific welding mode without restriction, specific welding well known to those skilled in the art
Mode.
In the present invention, the laser welding apparatus is preferably that optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or carbon dioxide swash
Light device；More preferably optical fiber laser.
In the present invention, the laser power of the laser welding apparatus is preferably 500~5000W；More preferably 1000~
4000W；The laser beam flying rate is preferably 0.8~3.0m/min；More preferably 1~3.0m/min；Most preferably 2~
3.0m/min。
In the present invention, the percent by volume that inert gas accounts for mixed gas in the protective gas is preferably 78%~
95%；More preferably 80%~93%；Most preferably 82%~90%；The one or two of the oxygen and carbon dioxide account for mixed
The percent by volume for closing gas is preferably 5%~22%；More preferably 7%~20%；Most preferably 10%~18%.
In the present invention, the volume ratio of the oxygen and carbon dioxide is preferably 1：(2~3).
In the present invention, in addition to inert gas, oxygen and carbon dioxide, the present invention can also include in the protective gas
1%~2% foreign gas.The present invention for the foreign gas type without limit.
The protective gas of the present invention can also be air.
In the present invention, the inert gas is preferably selected from one kind in helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon and nitrogen
Or several, more preferably nitrogen.
In the present invention, the flow of the protective gas is preferably 10~15L/min；More preferably 11~14L/min.
Since laser welding has the characteristics that quickly to heat and be quickly cooled down, the present invention is by adjusting oxygen in protective gas
And/or the ratio of carbon dioxide so that deoxidation products Al2O3And SiO2Deng particle size will be very tiny, 1 μm with
Under, weldquality will not be had an impact.
The present invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder methods of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：It is set using laser welding
It is standby that the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas；The protective gas include oxygen and
The mixed gas of the one or two and inert gas of carbon dioxide.The present invention is during welding, using oxygen and titanium dioxide
The one or two of carbon, as protective gas, coordinate the selection of specific weld technological parameter, make with the mixed gas of inert gas
It obtains Al, Si in coating and preferentially forms size in 1 μm of Al below with the oxygen element in protection gas2O3And SiO2Deng inhibition Al and Fe
Element forms intermetallic compound and influences austenite phase transformation, finally obtains the weld metal zone of full lath martensite tissue, weld seam
Shearing strength reaches base material level.This method is without adding welding wire, and without coating is removed before weldering, method is simple, improves life
Production efficiency reduces production cost.
Present invention preferably employs following manner to carry out performance measurement to the steel after welding：
GB/T 2651-2008 welding point stretching test methods.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, with reference to embodiments to band Al-Si coating hot forming steel provided by the invention
Laser assembly solder method be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm is organized as horse inside steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination to fix sample, between the group pair at guarantee docking
Gap is 0.1~0.3mm；
Welding, spot diameter 0.5mm are carried out to breadboard using 6kW optical fiber lasers, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power 3.5kW, protection gas is respectively 85%N2+ 15%O2, gas flow is that 10L/min. does not add welding wire welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, splashes without apparent, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position appears in
The microscopic structure in base material area, weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone is met the requirements.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 2
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, the interior tissue of thickness 1.5mm, steel plate are plate
Martensite；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination to fix sample, ensures the group at docking
It is 0.3~0.4mm to gap；Welding, spot diameter 0.3mm, welding are carried out to breadboard using IPG 6kW optical fiber lasers
Speed is 3.0 ms/min, laser power 4.0kW, and protection gas is 90%N2+ 10%CO2, gas flow 13L/min do not add
It is welded with a welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, splashes without apparent, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position appears in
Base material area does not occur significantly softening in weld seam, and the microscopic structure in weld seam is lath martensite, and no high temperature ferrite occurs.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 3
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm is organized as horse inside steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination to fix sample, between the group pair at guarantee docking
Gap is 0.1~0.3mm；
Welding, spot diameter 0.5mm are carried out to breadboard using 6kW optical fiber lasers, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power 3.5kW, protection gas are air, and gas flow 15L/min does not add welding wire welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, splashes without apparent, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position appears in
The microscopic structure in base material area, weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone is met the requirements.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 4
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm is organized as horse inside steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination to fix sample, between the group pair at guarantee docking
Gap is 0.1~0.3mm；
Welding, spot diameter 0.5mm are carried out to breadboard using 6kW optical fiber lasers, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power 3.5kW, protection gas are 85%N2+ 10%CO2+ 5%O2, gas flow 15L/min do not add welding wire and applies
Weldering.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, splashes without apparent, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position appears in
The microscopic structure in base material area, weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone is met the requirements.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Comparative example 1
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, mechanical stripping removes surface
Al-Si coating is organized as martensite inside steel plate；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination
Sample is fixed, ensures that the group at docking is 0.1~0.3mm to gap；
Welding, spot diameter 0.5mm are carried out to breadboard using 6kW optical fiber lasers, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power 3.5kW, protection gas are 100% nitrogen, and gas flow 15L/min does not add welding wire welding.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 1050MPa.
Comparative example 2
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is subjected to surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm is organized as horse inside steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, welding fixture is used in combination to fix sample, between the group pair at guarantee docking
Gap is 0.1~0.3mm；
Welding, spot diameter 0.5mm are carried out to breadboard using 6kW optical fiber lasers, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power 3.5kW, protection gas are 100% nitrogen, and gas flow 15L/min does not add welding wire welding.
Performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding according to mensuration mode of the present invention, result is：Welding connector
Shearing strength is 820MPa.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser assembly solder method of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel, which is characterized in that including：
The hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is subjected to welding under conditions of protective gas using laser welding apparatus；It is described
Protective gas includes two kinds of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the mixed gas or oxygen of inert gas and the mixed gas of inert gas；
The percent by volume that inert gas accounts for mixed gas in the protective gas is 78%~95%；The oxygen and carbon dioxide
The percent by volume that one or two account for mixed gas is 5%~22%；The inert gas is selected from helium, neon, argon gas, krypton
One or more of gas, xenon and nitrogen.
2. butt welding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flow of the protective gas is 10~15L/min.
3. butt welding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser power of the laser welding apparatus is 500
~5000W；Laser beam flying rate is 0.8~3.0m/min.
4. butt welding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser welding apparatus is optical fiber laser, half
Conductor laser or carbon dioxide laser.
5. butt welding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating
Degree is 0.8~2.0mm.
6. butt welding method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cloth of the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating
It is docking to set form；Weld width between two blocks of steel plates of the docking is less than the hot forming steel plate of the band Al-Si coating
Thickness 10%~20%.
7. butt welding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include pretreatment, the pretreatment before the welding
To use solvent to clean the steel plate.
8. butt welding method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that one kind in acetone and ethyl alcohol of the solvent or
It is several.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110293312A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-01 | 苏州大学 | A kind of preparation method of the drop stamping material of aluminium silicon cladding steel |
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| WO2019166852A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-06 | Arcelormittal | Method for producing a press-hardened laser welded steel part and press-hardened laser welded steel part |
| CN109877449A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method that coating manganese boron plate obtains full martensite welding assembly |
| CN110681997B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Pulse laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111215749A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Double-beam laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111604591A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-01 | 苏州大学 | Method for producing a steel component with an Al-Si coating |
| CN111843214A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 苏州大学 | Manufacturing method of aluminum-silicon coated steel/high-strength hot-forming steel composite steel part |
| CN111975242B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-12-21 | 鞍钢钢材加工配送（长春）有限公司 | Soldering paste and process for improving plasticity of welding joint of hot forming steel tailor-welded blank with aluminum-silicon coating |
| CN112719598B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-08-05 | 昆山宝锦激光拼焊有限公司 | Double-swing laser welding method for Al-Si coating thermal forming steel |
| CN113732499A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-03 | 上海科技大学 | Galvanometer scanning laser welding method based on variable light spots |
| CN114346439A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for improving performance of aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed ultrahigh-strength steel laser welding head |
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| FR2903623B1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-09-19 | L'air Liquide | METHOD FOR LASER-ARC HYBRID WELDING OF ALUMINUM METALLIC PARTS |
| FR2962672B1 (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2013-03-08 | Air Liquide | ARC WELDING WITH OXIDIZING GAS OF ALUMINUM METALLIC PARTS |
| FR2962674B1 (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2013-03-08 | Air Liquide | ARC / LASER HYBRID WELDING PROCESS OF ALUMINIZED STEEL PARTS |
| WO2013014481A1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Arcelormittal Investigación Y Desarrollo Sl | Hot-formed previously welded steel part with very high mechanical resistance, and production method |
| DE102012111118B3 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-04-03 | Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh | Method of laser welding one or more hardenable steel workpieces in the butt joint |
| KR101562987B1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-10-23 | 주식회사 포스코 | Filler wire, Method for welding using the same in hot press forming and Method for manufacturing of steel plate |
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| CN110293312A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-01 | 苏州大学 | A kind of preparation method of the drop stamping material of aluminium silicon cladding steel |
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