CN106392328A - Tailored blank laser welding method for hot-formed steel with Al-Si plating - Google Patents
Tailored blank laser welding method for hot-formed steel with Al-Si plating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106392328A CN106392328A CN201611036496.3A CN201611036496A CN106392328A CN 106392328 A CN106392328 A CN 106392328A CN 201611036496 A CN201611036496 A CN 201611036496A CN 106392328 A CN106392328 A CN 106392328A
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- welding
- laser
- coating
- welding method
- steel plate
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
Abstract
The invention provides a tailored blank laser welding method for hot-formed steel with Al-Si plating. The method comprises steps as follows: tailored welding is performed on a hot-formed steel plate with the Al-Si plating under the condition of shielding gas by laser welding equipment; and the shielding gas includes mixed gas of one or two of oxygen and carbon dioxide and inert gas. In the tailored welding process, the mixed gas of one or two of the oxygen and the carbon dioxide and the inert gas is used as the shielding gas, the oxygen partial pressure in a welding pool is increased, Al and O elements entering the welding pool are combined to form Al2O3 which does not affect the strength and toughness of a weld joint, Al and Fe elements are inhibited from forming an intermetallic compound and affecting austenitic phase transformation, a weld joint zone with the all slat martensitic structure is obtained finally, and the strength of the weld joint reaches the level of base metal. With the method, welding wires are not required to be added, plating removal before welding is also not required, the method is simple, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser welding technology field, especially relate to a kind of laser with Al-Si coating hot forming steel and spell
Soldering method.
Background technology
Along with also increasingly prominent a series of problems, such as growing with each passing day of world car recoverable amount, energy shortage, environmental pollution
Go out.Energy-saving and emission-reduction have become World Auto Industry circle problem demanding prompt solution.According to statistics, if vehicle complete vehicle weight reduction 10%,
Fuel efficiency can improve 6%～8%；Automobile kerb weight often reduces 100 kilograms, and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers can reduce by 0.3～0.6 liter；
Vehicle weight reduces by 1%, and oil consumption can reduce by 0.7%.Unimach in anticollision performance, processing technique and becomes present aspect to have
Significantly advantage, disclosure satisfy that the dual needs mitigating vehicle weight and improving collision safety performance.Therefore, super-high strength steel is vapour
The optimum selection meeting body lightening in car field in terms of material loss of weight and improving collision property, also more and more widely should
Use in the manufacture of vehicle body.
Hot forming steel, as a kind of strong automobile steel of superelevation of allusion quotation shape, is mainly used in the safety member such as B post, collision prevention girders on automobile
Manufacture.Prior art is to prevent hot forming steel top layer during hot press-formed oxidized, is generally plated in Al-Si coating
Surface of steel plate, but this coating but leads to the welding of this steel to bring very big difficulty：Al-Si coating melts in welding process
After can enter weld seam, form Fe-Al compound between the metal of fragility, impact weld seam phase transformation law leads to ferritic shape simultaneously
Become so that the intensity of weld seam and toughness all cannot meet requirement.Therefore, prior art generally adopt mechanical stripping, laser ablation,
The modes such as shot-peening first remove overlay coating, then carry out welding the impact for avoiding aluminium lamination and alloy-layer to bring, but this method
Operation is various, greatly reduces production efficiency.
Patent 201380001259.1 disclose a kind of using filler wire (C content 0.1%～0.8%wt higher than base material,
Mn content is higher 1.5%～7.0%wt than base material) generation to suppress ferrite transformation in weld metal zone is not it is achieved that need to remove
Al-Si coating directly carries out laser assembly solder, and is obtained in that the tailor welded of high-quality different materials or thickness.But, should
Method is to realize welding it is clear that for practical applications by adding welding wire, just because of using welding wire, increase wire feed
Machine, laser beam mate etc. so that production cost significantly improves with wire-feed motor.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of laser with Al-Si coating hot forming steel
Butt welding method, method is simple, low cost, shearing strength are high.
The invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder method with Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：
Using laser welding apparatus, the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out welding under conditions of protective gas；
Described protective gas includes one or two mixed gas with noble gases of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the percent by volume that in described protective gas, noble gases account for mixed gas is 78%～95%；Described
One or two percents by volume accounting for mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide are 5%～22%.
Preferably, described noble gases are selected from one or more of helium, neon, argon, Krypton, xenon and nitrogen.
Preferably, the flow of described protective gas is 10～15L/min.
Preferably, the laser power of described laser welding apparatus is 500～5000W；Laser beam flying speed be 0.8～
3.0m/min.
Preferably, described laser welding apparatus are optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or carbon dioxide laser.
Preferably, the thickness of the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is 0.8～2.0mm.
Preferably, the arrangement form of the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is docking；Two blocks of steel plates of described docking
Between weld width be less than the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating thickness 10%～20%.
Preferably, include pretreatment before described welding, described pretreatment is using steel plate described in solvent clean.
Preferably, one or more of described solvent selected from acetone and ethanol.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder method with Al-Si coating hot forming steel, wrap
Include：Using laser welding apparatus, the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out welding under conditions of protective gas；Described guarantor
Shield gas includes one or two mixed gas with noble gases of oxygen and carbon dioxide.The present invention during welding,
Using oxygen and carbon dioxide one or two mixed gas with noble gases as protective gas, improve welding pool
In partial pressure of oxygen, carry out so that the Al element that enters in welding pool and oxygen element combine to form Al2O3, suppress Al and Fe element
Form intermetallic compound and impact austenite phase transformation, the final weld metal zone obtaining full lath martensite tissue, the shearing resistance of weld seam
Intensity reaches mother metal level.The method need not add welding wire, removes coating without before weldering, and method is simple, improve production effect
Rate, reduce production cost.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder method with Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：
Using laser welding apparatus, the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out welding under conditions of protective gas；
Described protective gas includes one or two mixed gas with noble gases of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out under conditions of protective gas by the present invention using laser welding apparatus
Welding.
In the present invention, preferably include pretreatment before described welding, described pretreatment is using steel plate described in solvent clean.
In the present invention, described solvent is preferably selected from one or more of acetone and ethanol.
The present invention needs only to using solvent clean surface of steel plate greasy dirt before welding, need not using mechanical stripping or
The methods such as laser ablation remove the Al-Si coating of surface of steel plate, and method is simple, low cost.
In the present invention, before welding, preferably the steel plate after cleaning is arranged, the described hot forming with Al-Si coating
The arrangement form of steel plate is docking；Described docking is specially：
The steel plate of purified treatment is placed on workbench, using weld jig, two blocks of steel plates is in close contact.
The present invention is not defined for described workbench and weld jig, welding job well known to those skilled in the art
Platform and weld jig.
In the present invention, the thickness of the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is preferably 0.8～2.0mm；More preferably
1～1.8mm.
In the present invention, the weld width between two blocks of steel plates of described docking be preferably smaller than described with Al-Si coating
The 10%～20% of the thickness of hot forming steel plate；It is more preferably less than the thickness of the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating
10%～18%；More preferably less than the thickness of the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating 10%～15%.
Above-mentioned specific docking setting is more beneficial for the intensity of final steel plate；After the size of above-mentioned weld seam is more beneficial for welding
Melting be connected.
After docking, using laser welding apparatus, the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is entered under conditions of protective gas
Row welding.
Described welding is preferably specially：Using laser equipment under the conditions of protective gas, steel plate docking is irradiated using laser
Place, melts steel plate joint so that joint liquefies, solidifies and be cooled into final weld seam.
Hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating of the present invention is the band after drop stamping well known to those skilled in the art
The hot forming steel plate of Al-Si coating, the present invention has no particular restriction to this.
The present invention is not defined for described specific welding mode, specific welding well known to those skilled in the art
Mode.
In the present invention, described laser welding apparatus are preferably optical fiber laser, semiconductor laser or carbon dioxide and swash
Light device；More preferably optical fiber laser.
In the present invention, the laser power of described laser welding apparatus is preferably 500～5000W；More preferably 1000～
4000W；Described laser beam flying speed is preferably 0.8～3.0m/min；More preferably 1～3.0m/min；Most preferably 2～
3.0m/min.
In the present invention, in described protective gas noble gases account for mixed gas percent by volume be preferably 78%～
95%；More preferably 80%～93%；Most preferably 82%～90%；Described oxygen and carbon dioxide one or two account for mixed
The percent by volume closing gas is preferably 5%～22%；More preferably 7%～20%；Most preferably 10%～18%.
In the present invention, the volume ratio of described oxygen and carbon dioxide is preferably 1：(2～3).
In the present invention, except noble gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide in described protective gas, the present invention can also include
1%～2% foreign gas.The present invention is not defined for the species of described foreign gas.
The protective gas of the present invention can also be air.
In the present invention, described noble gases are preferably selected from one of helium, neon, argon, Krypton, xenon and nitrogen
Or several, more preferably nitrogen.
In the present invention, the flow of described protective gas is preferably 10～15L/min；More preferably 11～14L/min.
Because laser welding has quick heating and quick cooling, the present invention passes through to adjust oxygen in protective gas
And/or the ratio of carbon dioxide is so that deoxidation productss Al2O3And SiO2Deng particle size will be very tiny, all 1 μm with
Under, impact will not be produced on weldquality.
The invention provides a kind of laser assembly solder method with Al-Si coating hot forming steel, including：Set using laser welding
Standby the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out welding under conditions of protective gas；Described protective gas include oxygen and
One or two mixed gas with noble gases of carbon dioxide.The present invention during welding, using oxygen and titanium dioxide
One or two mixed gas with noble gases of carbon, as protective gas, coordinate the selection of specific weld technological parameter, make
The oxygen element obtaining in Al, Si and shielding gas in coating preferentially forms Al below 1 μm for the size2O3And SiO2Deng suppression Al and Fe
Element forms intermetallic compound and impact austenite phase transformation, finally obtains the weld metal zone of full lath martensite tissue, weld seam
Shearing strength reaches mother metal level.The method need not add welding wire, removes coating without before weldering, and method is simple, improve life
Produce efficiency, reduce production cost.
Present invention preferably employs in the following manner carries out performance measurement to the steel after welding：
GB/T 2651-2008 welding point stretching test method.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the band Al-Si coating hot forming steel to present invention offer with reference to embodiments
Laser assembly solder method be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, it is organized as horse within steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and with weld jig, sample is fixed it is ensured that between the group pair of joint
Gap is 0.1～0.3mm；
Using 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.5mm, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power is 3.5kW, and shielding gas is respectively 85%N2+ 15%O2, gas flow is 10L/min. without welding wire welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, no substantially splashes, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position occurs in
Mother metal area, the microscopic structure of weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone meets requirement.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 2
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.5mm, the interior tissue of steel plate is plate
Bar martensite；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and with weld jig, sample is fixed the group it is ensured that joint
It is 0.3～0.4mm to gap；Using IPG 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.3mm, welding
Speed is 3.0 ms/min, and laser power is 4.0kW, and shielding gas is 90%N2+ 10%CO2, gas flow is 13L/min, does not add
It is welded with a welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, no substantially splashes, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position occurs in
Significantly softening, does not occur in weld seam in mother metal area, and the microscopic structure in weld seam is lath martensite, and no high temperature ferrite occurs.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 3
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, it is organized as horse within steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and with weld jig, sample is fixed it is ensured that between the group pair of joint
Gap is 0.1～0.3mm；
Using 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.5mm, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power is 3.5kW, and shielding gas is air, and gas flow is 15L/min, without welding wire welding.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, no substantially splashes, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position occurs in
Mother metal area, the microscopic structure of weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone meets requirement.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Embodiment 4
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, it is organized as horse within steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and with weld jig, sample is fixed it is ensured that between the group pair of joint
Gap is 0.1～0.3mm；
Using 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.5mm, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power is 3.5kW, and shielding gas is 85%N2+ 10%CO2+ 5%O2, gas flow is 15L/min, applies without welding wire
Weldering.
Postwelding observation weld seam macro morphology is excellent, no substantially splashes, and is full penetration weld.Tension failure position occurs in
Mother metal area, the microscopic structure of weld metal zone is lath martensite.The cold-bending property of weld metal zone meets requirement.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 1100MPa.
Comparative example 1
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, mechanical stripping removes surface
Al-Si coating, is organized as martensite within steel plate；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and uses weld jig
Sample is fixed it is ensured that the group of joint is 0.1～0.3mm to gap；
Using 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.5mm, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power is 3.5kW, and shielding gas is 100% nitrogen, and gas flow is 15L/min, without welding wire welding.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 1050MPa.
Comparative example 2
Hot forming steel with Al-Si coating is carried out surface and oil contaminant cleaning, thickness 1.2mm, it is organized as horse within steel plate
Family name's body；Soldering test plate is lain on soldering test platform, and with weld jig, sample is fixed it is ensured that between the group pair of joint
Gap is 0.1～0.3mm；
Using 6kW optical fiber laser, welding is carried out to bread board, spot diameter is 0.5mm, speed of welding is 2.0 ms/min
Clock, laser power is 3.5kW, and shielding gas is 100% nitrogen, and gas flow is 15L/min, without welding wire welding.
According to mensuration mode of the present invention, performance measurement is carried out to the steel after welding, result is：Welding joint
Shearing strength is 820MPa.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser assembly solder method with Al-Si coating hot forming steel is it is characterised in that include：
Using laser welding apparatus, the hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating is carried out welding under conditions of protective gas；Described
Protective gas includes one or two mixed gas with noble gases of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
2. butt welding method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that in described protective gas noble gases account for mixed gas
Percent by volume be 78%～95%；One or two of described oxygen and carbon dioxide account for the percent by volume of mixed gas
For 5%～22%.
3. butt welding method according to claim 2 it is characterised in that described noble gases be selected from helium, neon, argon,
One or more of Krypton, xenon and nitrogen.
4. butt welding method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that the flow of described protective gas is 10～15L/min.
5. butt welding method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the laser power of described laser welding apparatus is 500
～5000W；Laser beam flying speed is 0.8～3.0m/min.
6. butt welding method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described laser welding apparatus be optical fiber laser, half
Conductor laser or carbon dioxide laser.
7. butt welding method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the thickness of the hot forming steel plate of described band Al-Si coating
Spend for 0.8～2.0mm.
8. butt welding method according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that the cloth of the hot forming steel plate of described band Al-Si coating
Form of putting is docking；Weld width between two blocks of steel plates of described docking is less than the described hot forming steel plate with Al-Si coating
Thickness 10%～20%.
9. butt welding method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that include pretreatment, described pretreatment before described welding
It is using steel plate described in solvent clean.
10. butt welding method according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that one of described solvent selected from acetone and ethanol
Or it is several.
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| CN201611036496.3A CN106392328B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of laser assembly solder method of band Al-Si coating hot forming steel |
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| CN109877449A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method that coating manganese boron plate obtains full martensite welding assembly |
| CN110681997A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-14 | 上海交通大学 | Pulse laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111215749A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Double-beam laser tailor-welding method for hot-formed steel plate with Al-Si coating |
| CN111788034A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2020-10-16 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | Method for producing a press-hardened laser-welded steel component and press-hardened laser-welded steel component |
| CN111843214A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 苏州大学 | Manufacturing method of aluminum-silicon coated steel/high-strength hot-forming steel composite steel part |
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| CN111788034B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2023-04-04 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | Method for producing a press-hardened laser-welded steel component and press-hardened laser-welded steel component |
| CN109877449A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method that coating manganese boron plate obtains full martensite welding assembly |
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| WO2021227094A1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Method for manufacturing steel part having aluminum-silicon coating |
| WO2022016594A1 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | 苏州大学 | Method for manufacturing parts made of aluminium-silicon plated steel/high-strength press-harden steel composite steel |
| CN111843214A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 苏州大学 | Manufacturing method of aluminum-silicon coated steel/high-strength hot-forming steel composite steel part |
| CN111975242A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-24 | 鞍钢钢材加工配送（长春）有限公司 | Soldering paste and process for improving plasticity of welding joint of hot forming steel tailor-welded blank with aluminum-silicon coating |
| CN111975242B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-12-21 | 鞍钢钢材加工配送（长春）有限公司 | Soldering paste and process for improving plasticity of welding joint of hot forming steel tailor-welded blank with aluminum-silicon coating |
| CN112719598A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 昆山宝锦激光拼焊有限公司 | Double-swing laser welding method for Al-Si coating thermal forming steel |
| CN112719598B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-08-05 | 昆山宝锦激光拼焊有限公司 | Double-swing laser welding method for Al-Si coating thermal forming steel |
| CN113732499A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-03 | 上海科技大学 | Galvanometer scanning laser welding method based on variable light spots |
| CN114346439A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for improving performance of aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed ultrahigh-strength steel laser welding head |
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