CN106382097B - A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking - Google Patents
A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106382097B CN106382097B CN201610966634.1A CN201610966634A CN106382097B CN 106382097 B CN106382097 B CN 106382097B CN 201610966634 A CN201610966634 A CN 201610966634A CN 106382097 B CN106382097 B CN 106382097B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid nitrogen
- impeller
- rock
- drilling rig
- coiled tubing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, this method is：It using liquid nitrogen as jet media, is sprayed in the form of a pulse from high-pressure jet nozzle, impulse wave presses the disc spring of high-pressure jet nozzle mouth in turn, and disc spring is made to generate vibration, drives entire nozzle to vibrate, prevents the generation of ice packet；The system is provided with coiled tubing, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes, annular space casing, liquid nitrogen compressor, liquid nitrogen pump group, coiled tubing work vehicle, drilling rig.The present invention, in the action principle on stratum, is combined using liquid nitrogen using liquid nitrogen as the fluidics of jet media with continuous Manifold technology, realizes stratum efficient rock-breaking；Can effectively damaged rock, keep drilling more efficient, cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arrive oil-gas mining field more particularly to a kind of drilling rig using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking with
Method.
Background technology
As China major part oil field enters mid-later development phase, the oil-gas exploration and development in China is from pervious self-contained big
The good exploration and development condition such as oil gas field, middle and high infiltration uniform sandstone, be transferred to complicated middle small field, fault-blcok oil-gas field,
The severe exploration and development such as low pressure and low permeability low yield energy, old filed transformation, complicated reservoirs condition, difficult-to-produce reserves, unconventionaloil pool
Condition, the complex situations encountered in drilling process increase, and with the increase of well depth, bit speed fall obviously increases
Greatly, while drilling cost also sharply increases, this directly influences the exploration and development speed in oil field.High pressure water jet is to improve
One of effective way of bit speed has obtained rapid development in recent ten years.
But there is also some shortcomings at present for high pressure water jet.The broken rock threshold pressure of high-pressure water jet is high,
Realize the condition of complex condition auxiliary drill bit broken rock, it is necessary to which jet pressure is improved by underground pressurizing device.But in underground
In the complex work environment of high temperature and pressure, the working life of jet supercharger is low, limits the popularization and application of the technology.So
It needs to develop a kind of efficient new methods of drilling, to realize the strategic objective of China's Sustainable Development of Petroleum Resource.
Liquid nitrogen is a highly stable low-temperature receiver, is not reacted with other materials, easy to use, environmentally friendly, prepare it is simple and
Abundant raw materials are gradually valued by people and approve.Not only in animal husbandry, medical industry, food industry and low
Warm research field etc. obtains more and more common application, and is applied in electronics, metallurgy, space flight, machine-building etc.
Constantly widens and develop.Liquid nitrogen is also very extensive in petroleum gas field application, and scene is mainly answered in the form of nitrogen at present
With.For traditional fluidics, not only needs a large amount of water resource but also adds many chemical substances in jet stream liquid,
This can be very serious for the pollution of environment.And using liquid nitrogen as jet stream liquid, the ultralow temperature of liquid nitrogen can not only be such that rock causes
It splits, increases microcrack, improve efficiency of breaking rock.And liquid nitrogen does not pollute the environment after vaporization, can be recycled, this makes liquid nitrogen
A kind of outstanding no water jet liquid can be become.But after liquid nitrogen is sprayed from nozzle, pressure drastically reduces, volume rapid expanding,
To generate Joule-Thomson effect, then the temperature of nozzle can drastically reduce to freeze, and generate " ice packet ".
In conclusion in order to improve bit speed, had as the fluidics of jet stream liquid using liquid nitrogen unrivaled
Advantage, but " ice packet " problem constrains the further development of the technology, and " the ice packet " solved in the above process is to need to solve at present
Critical issue.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of drilling rigs and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, it is intended to solve
Bit speed is low in drilling process at present and liquid nitrogen is led to the problem of " ice packet ".
The invention is realized in this way a method of using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, including：Using liquid nitrogen as penetrating
Flow medium is sprayed from high-pressure jet nozzle in the form of a pulse, and impulse wave presses the disc spring of high-pressure jet nozzle mouth in turn, makes dish
Spring generates vibration, drives entire nozzle to vibrate, prevents the generation of ice packet.
Further, which further includes：- 160 DEG C~-149 DEG C of liquid nitrogen passes through height
Injection flow nozzle makes crack wall surface generate the hot tensile stress more than Tensile Strength of Rock after spraying, rock wall surface is caused to generate fine fisssure
Then seam carries out stratum broken rock using the liquid nitrogen of high-pressure jet；Liquid nitrogen after broken rock is converted to nitrogen and returns to ground along annular space casing
Face liquid nitrogen compressor is recycled.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of well system using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, and system is provided with company
Continuous oil pipe, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes, annular space casing, liquid nitrogen compressor, liquid nitrogen pump group, coiled tubing work vehicle；The coiled tubing
It is sleeved on annular space inside pipe casing；The liquid nitrogen flow in pipes is mounted on inside coiled tubing；The liquid nitrogen flow in pipes connects liquid
Nitrogen pump group；The liquid nitrogen pump group connects liquid nitrogen compressor by pipeline；The liquid nitrogen compressor connection ring empty set pipe；The liquid nitrogen
Pump group is shelved on coiled tubing work vehicle；Liquid nitrogen flow in pipes lower part connects drilling rig；
The drilling rig is provided with drilling rig shell；The outer top of the drilling rig shell is provided with tapped
Top connection, the top connection are threadedly coupled with coiled tubing；The drilling rig shell internal upper part is provided with baffle；It is described to lead
Stream block lower part is connected with impeller sets；The impeller sets lower part is connected with high-pressure jet nozzle；The nozzle of the high-pressure jet nozzle
Disc spring group is equipped with by sealing ring at mouthful.
Further, the baffle is threadedly attached in drilling rig shell internal upper part；The impeller sets by impeller and
Impeller base forms；The impeller is made of impeller axle, blade and through-hole；Impeller base is placed in the positioning table of drilling rig chamber body
On shoulder；Impeller with through-hole is mounted on by impeller axle in impeller base.
Impeller sets are made of impeller and impeller base, and wherein impeller is made of impeller axle, blade and through-hole.
Further, the liquid nitrogen compressor is the liquid nitrogen compressor that liquid nitrogen is produced using air separating method.
Further, the liquid nitrogen pump group be using special pump machine come the liquid nitrogen pump group of operation, for meeting low temperature liquid nitrogen
Injection.
Further, the coiled tubing, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes, annular space casing are all made of low temperature resistant and corrosion resistance pipe.
A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking provided by the invention, using liquid nitrogen on stratum
Action principle is combined using liquid nitrogen as the fluidics of jet media with continuous Manifold technology, realizes stratum efficient rock-breaking；Energy
Effectively damaged rock, keeps drilling more efficient, cost is lower.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that：
(1) liquid nitrogen can result in rock wall surface and generate microcrack, improve efficiency of breaking rock.
(2) liquid nitrogen can largely protect stratum, prevent the pollution of the environment, and in addition pyridine body also has reservoir permeability
There is improvement result.
(3) it is effectively prevented the generation of liquid nitrogen injection " ice packet ", protects the safety of drill bit, drilling tool.
(4) the configuration of the present invention is simple, it is efficient and convenient, conducive to promoting the use of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the well system provided in an embodiment of the present invention using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of drilling rig provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic three dimensional views of impeller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1, cement sheath；2, coiled tubing；3, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes；4, impeller sets；5, high-pressure jet nozzle；6, ring
Empty set pipe；7, liquid nitrogen compressor；8, liquid nitrogen pump group；9, coiled tubing work vehicle；10, crust of the device；11, impeller base；12, disc spring
Group；13, sealing ring；14, impeller；14-1, impeller axle；14-2, blade；14-3, through-hole；15, baffle；16, top connection.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to only to explain the present invention
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the well system provided in an embodiment of the present invention using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, system is provided with
Coiled tubing 2, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes 3, annular space casing 6, liquid nitrogen compressor 7, liquid nitrogen pump group 8, coiled tubing work vehicle 9, drilling well
Device；The coiled tubing 2 is sleeved on inside annular space casing 6；The liquid nitrogen flow in pipes 3 is mounted on inside coiled tubing 2；Institute
It states liquid nitrogen flow in pipes 3 and connects liquid nitrogen pump group 8；The liquid nitrogen pump group 8 connects liquid nitrogen compressor 7 by pipeline；The liquid nitrogen pressure
7 connection ring empty set pipe 6 of contracting machine；The liquid nitrogen pump group 8 is shelved on coiled tubing work vehicle 9；3 lower part of liquid nitrogen flow in pipes
Connect drilling rig；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the drilling rig is provided with drilling rig shell 10；Outside the drilling rig shell 10
Top is provided with tapped top connection 16, and the top connection 16 is threadedly coupled with coiled tubing；The drilling rig shell
10 internal upper parts are provided with baffle 15；15 lower part of the baffle is connected with impeller sets 4；4 lower part of the impeller sets is connected with height
Injection flow nozzle 5；Disc spring group 12 is equipped with by sealing ring 13 at the jet hole of the high-pressure jet nozzle 5.
The baffle 15 is threadedly attached in drilling rig shell internal upper part；The impeller sets 4 are by impeller 14 and leaf
Wheel seat 11 forms；The impeller 14 is made of impeller axle 14-1, blade 14-2 and through-hole 14-3；Impeller base 11 is placed in drilling rig
On the locating shoulder of chamber body；Impeller 14 with through-hole is mounted on by impeller axle 14-1 in impeller base 11.
The liquid nitrogen compressor 7 is the liquid nitrogen compressor that liquid nitrogen is produced using air separating method.
The liquid nitrogen pump group 8 be using special pump machine come the liquid nitrogen pump group of operation, the injection for meeting low temperature liquid nitrogen.
The coiled tubing 2, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes 3, annular space casing 6 are all made of low temperature resistant and corrosion resistance pipe.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, including：
It using liquid nitrogen as jet media, is sprayed in the form of a pulse from high-pressure jet nozzle, impulse wave presses height in turn
The disc spring of jet flow jet hole makes disc spring generate vibration, drives entire nozzle to vibrate, prevents the generation of ice packet.
The method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking further includes：- 160 DEG C~-149 DEG C of liquid nitrogen is sprayed by high-pressure jet
Mouth makes crack wall surface generate the hot tensile stress more than Tensile Strength of Rock after spraying, rock wall surface is caused to generate microcrack, utilizes
The liquid nitrogen of high-pressure jet carries out stratum broken rock；Liquid nitrogen after broken rock is converted to nitrogen and returns to ground liquid nitrogen compressor along annular space casing
It is recycled.
The well system provided in an embodiment of the present invention using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking is done with reference to technological process
It further describes.
1. preparing liquid nitrogen.Liquid nitrogen is prepared from liquid nitrogen compressor, and is inputted in liquid nitrogen container and laid in.
2. oil well prepares.Operation well is subjected to drifting, well-flushing, carries out operation preparation；
3. assembling tool.Baffle, impeller sets, high-pressure jet nozzle and disc spring group are assembled, it is then and continuous oily
Pipe connects, and complete downhole drill tubing string is formed, by the tripping in of coiled tubing, to realize the feeding of pipeline.
4. ground liquid nitrogen pump group, coiled tubing and corresponding pipeline are attached.
5. running string opens ground liquid nitrogen pump group, liquid nitrogen is pumped into out of coiled tubing, starts the cycle over operation.
6. coiled tubing speed is controlled, it is steady to enter.
7. the liquid nitrogen with high-voltage high-speed forms pulsing jet through impeller, sprayed from nozzle, starts fractured rock.Simultaneously will
The landwaste that shaft bottom generates is carried to ground, completes cycle.
8. liquid nitrogen cutting carring carries out separation of nitrogen to ground, liquid nitrogen compression mechanism is reentered for liquid nitrogen.
9. liquid nitrogen high-pressure jet other than the percussion to formation rock, also promotes to expand stratum microcrack.
10. stopping injection liquid nitrogen after fulfiling assignment, liquid nitrogen pump vehicle is closed, working string is taken out, fulfils assignment.
The principle of liquid nitrogen injection broken rock of the present invention replaces traditional water using liquid nitrogen as the high-pressure jet of jet media
Power broken rock mode.Can thus solve the problems such as bit speed reduces, drilling efficiency is low.Liquid nitrogen temperature is extremely low, injection ground
It remains to keep lower temperature after layer, larger cold shock can be generated to stratum, leads to stratum fast cooling in certain area,
Will produce heat-induced stress inside stratum, water freezing expansion generate formation rock mechanical property caused by frost-heave force and low temperature and
Stratum crustal stress variation will cause formation rock to destroy, and form a large amount of microcracks, increase stratum crushing degree, expand draining
Area.Cooperation high-pressure jet will greatly reinforce efficiency of breaking rock, reduce drilling cost.Simultaneously liquid nitrogen itself to reservoir without wound
Evil is conducive to protect reservoir.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, which is characterized in that this utilizes the method for liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking
Including：It using liquid nitrogen as jet media, is sprayed in the form of a pulse from high-pressure jet nozzle, impulse wave presses high injection in turn
The disc spring of flow nozzle mouth makes disc spring generate vibration, drives entire nozzle to vibrate, prevents the generation of ice packet；
The method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking further includes：- 160 DEG C~-149 DEG C of liquid nitrogen is sprayed by high-pressure jet nozzle
So that crack wall surface is generated the hot tensile stress more than Tensile Strength of Rock after going out, causes rock wall surface to generate microcrack, then utilize
The liquid nitrogen of high-pressure jet carries out stratum broken rock；Liquid nitrogen after broken rock is converted to nitrogen and returns to ground liquid nitrogen compressor along annular space casing
It is recycled.
2. a kind of well system of the method as described in claim 1 using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking, which is characterized in that institute
It states well system and is provided with coiled tubing, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes, annular space casing, liquid nitrogen compressor, liquid nitrogen pump group, coiled tubing work
Industry vehicle；The coiled tubing is sleeved on annular space inside pipe casing；The liquid nitrogen flow in pipes is mounted on inside coiled tubing；The liquid
Nitrogen flow in pipes connects liquid nitrogen pump group；The liquid nitrogen pump group connects liquid nitrogen compressor by pipeline；The liquid nitrogen compressor connection
Annular space casing；The liquid nitrogen pump group is shelved on coiled tubing work vehicle；It is characterized in that, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes lower part connects
Connect drilling rig；
The drilling rig is provided with drilling rig shell；The outer top of the drilling rig shell, which is provided on tapped, to be connect
Head, the top connection are threadedly coupled with coiled tubing；The drilling rig shell internal upper part is provided with baffle；The baffle
Lower part is connected with impeller sets；The impeller sets lower part is connected with high-pressure jet nozzle；At the jet hole of the high-pressure jet nozzle
Disc spring group is installed by sealing ring.
3. well system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the baffle is threadedly attached in outside drilling rig
Shell internal upper part；The impeller sets are made of impeller and impeller base；The impeller is made of impeller axle, blade and through-hole；Impeller base
It is placed on the locating shoulder of drilling rig chamber body；Impeller with through-hole is mounted on by impeller axle in impeller base；
Impeller sets are made of impeller and impeller base, and wherein impeller is made of impeller axle, blade and through-hole.
4. well system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the liquid nitrogen compressor is using air separating method system
Take the liquid nitrogen compressor of liquid nitrogen.
5. well system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the liquid nitrogen pump group is using special pump machine come operation
Liquid nitrogen pump group, the injection for meeting low temperature liquid nitrogen.
6. well system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the coiled tubing, liquid nitrogen flow in pipes, annular space set
Pipe is all made of low temperature resistant and corrosion resistance pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610966634.1A CN106382097B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610966634.1A CN106382097B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106382097A CN106382097A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
| CN106382097B true CN106382097B (en) | 2018-08-14 |
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| CN201610966634.1A Expired - Fee Related CN106382097B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | A kind of drilling rig and method using liquid nitrogen injection efficient rock-breaking |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107283326B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-06-07 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Liquid nitrogen and ice pellets abrasive jetting method and its generating device |
| CN108590512B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2023-10-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Combustible ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN109973106B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-12-14 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Development machine for breaking rock by using liquid nitrogen and ice particle jet flow |
| CN112502628B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2023-02-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Drilling device and drilling method |
| CN110793864B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-08-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for measuring thermal stress of rock test piece under action of liquid nitrogen |
| CN112377162B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-10-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Method and spray head for crushing hot dry rock by liquid nitrogen cold impact composite high-pressure water jet |
| CN112878972B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-09-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Liquid nitrogen pulse fracturing system and fracturing method |
| CN114308431B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-02-17 | 江苏大学 | Impeller reversing pulse spray head and spraying method |
| CN114086882B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-06-24 | 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 | Device and method suitable for polar ice cover drilling |
| CN114856519A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-05 | 西南石油大学 | Twin cavitation jet oil gas yield increasing device |
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| CN103790516A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | New well drilling method for efficient rock breaking by means of heating power jet flow |
| CN105422005A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Well drilling method and device through hydraulic power and disc spring coupling driving and axial vibration |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030196797A1 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2003-10-23 | Crawford James B. | Coiled tubing having multiple strings of smaller tubing embedded therein |
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2016
- 2016-10-28 CN CN201610966634.1A patent/CN106382097B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100562A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-01-10 | 王世烈 | Pulsed jet regulation device for high pressure spray nozzle |
| GB2226883A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-07-11 | Otis Eng Co | Borehole inspection |
| US6097310A (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-08-01 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for mud pulse telemetry in underbalanced drilling systems |
| CN103790516A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | New well drilling method for efficient rock breaking by means of heating power jet flow |
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Inventor after: Wang Guohua Inventor after: Deng Li Inventor after: Pang Wei Inventor after: Huang Shen Inventor after: Xiong Jiyou Inventor after: Qin Dawei Inventor after: Tan Jun Inventor before: Wang Guohua Inventor before: Huang Shen Inventor before: Xiong Jiyou Inventor before: Qin Dawei Inventor before: Tan Jun Inventor before: Deng Li |
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Granted publication date: 20180814 Termination date: 20211028 |