CN114086882B - Device and method suitable for polar ice cover drilling - Google Patents
Device and method suitable for polar ice cover drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN114086882B CN114086882B CN202210062839.2A CN202210062839A CN114086882B CN 114086882 B CN114086882 B CN 114086882B CN 202210062839 A CN202210062839 A CN 202210062839A CN 114086882 B CN114086882 B CN 114086882B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/008—Drilling ice or a formation covered by ice
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/10—Correction of deflected boreholes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method suitable for polar region ice cover drilling, which comprises a downhole drilling tool, a monitoring system, a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, a wellhead seal, a wellhead pressure gauge, a continuous pipe column winch, a drilling fluid oil-water separator, a slurry pump, a drilling fluid manifold, a drilling fluid accumulator tank and a host system, wherein the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column is arranged on the underground drilling tool; the device for drilling the polar ice cover can realize comprehensive drilling work and coring drilling work, and is divided into a drilling fluid reverse circulation process and a drilling fluid forward circulation process; the special requirement of drilling in the polar region can be effectively met, and the drilling tool has the advantages of being fast, efficient and light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a device and a method suitable for polar ice cover drilling.
Background
The polar region science and technology are the key to search the earth system and the change thereof, are means for dealing with global climate change and improving the capability of preventing and reducing disasters, are methods for detecting polar region resources and protecting the ecological environment of the polar region, and are the requirements for building oceans and strengthening the country and guaranteeing the strategic core benefits of the polar region in China. The polar ice cover contains important climate information which is preserved along with snowfall for millions of years, dust, suspended particles and soluble chemical elements in the earth atmosphere are deposited on the ice cover through airflow and are covered by ice and snow along with the air, so the ice cover records the history of climate and environment changes caused by global climate changes, serious geological events and human activity influences. The ice core of the polar ice cover has the advantages of high resolution, good fidelity, long time sequence and the like, and is the best medium for researching the environment, biology and physical and chemical processes of the earth system. Therefore, the polar ice cap drilling technology is one of the key technologies for researching the polar region. Due to the special geographical position and the severe natural environment, the average temperature of the polar region is about-50 ℃, so that the special environmental requirements of the polar region are difficult to meet by the conventional land drilling technology. In addition, due to the limitation of logistics support capacity, the working season of polar scientific research is averagely 15-20 days, which puts new requirements on polar drilling technology, namely rapidness, high efficiency and light weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method suitable for polar ice cover drilling, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can effectively meet the special requirements of polar drilling and have the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency and light weight.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a device suitable for polar ice cover drilling, which comprises a downhole drilling tool, a monitoring system, a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, a wellhead seal, a wellhead pressure gauge, a continuous pipe column winch, a drilling fluid oil-water separator, a slurry pump, a drilling fluid manifold, a drilling fluid storage tank and a host system, wherein the host system is connected with the drilling tool through a pipeline;
the monitoring system is arranged at the top of the underground drilling tool and connected with one end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column;
the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column passes through the wellhead seal arranged at a wellhead, bypasses the continuous pipe column winch and is connected with one end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator, the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator is connected with the drilling fluid storage tank through the drilling fluid manifold, the drilling fluid storage tank is also connected with one end of the slurry pump through a pipeline, and the other end of the slurry pump is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
or the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column passes through the wellhead seal arranged at a wellhead and bypasses the continuous pipe column winch and is connected with one end of the slurry pump, the other end of the slurry pump is connected with the drilling fluid storage tank through the drilling fluid manifold, the drilling fluid storage tank is also connected with one end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator through a pipeline, and the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
the high-strength inner lining cable continuous pipe column comprises a pipe body and a cable, wherein an inner channel of the pipe body penetrates through the cable and is a circulation channel of drilling fluid, and the cable provides power and signal transmission for the underground drilling tool and a monitoring system; the wellhead pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure in the well, and the host system is used for receiving underground monitoring data and adjusting drilling parameters in real time.
Preferably, the downhole drilling tool comprises a drill bit, a downhole motor, an anti-torsion directional device and a controllable heating short section, the downhole motor drives the drill bit to work through a speed reducer, the anti-torsion directional device provides counter force for the downhole drilling tool and corrects inclination when a well hole is inclined, and the controllable heating short section is used for preventing the downhole drilling tool from being frozen and adhered to a well wall.
Preferably, the controllable heating short section comprises a lower short section, a middle short section and an upper short section, the lower short section is arranged between the drill bit and the underground motor, the middle short section is arranged between the underground motor and the monitoring system, the top of the monitoring system is provided with the anti-twisting orienting device, and the upper short section is arranged at the top of the anti-twisting orienting device.
Preferably, the drill bit is a drilling bit or a coring bit.
Preferably, the wellhead pressure gauge is mounted on the wellhead seal.
Preferably, the monitoring system is connected to the high tensile inner liner coiled tubing string by a connector.
Preferably, the coiled tubing winch is driven by a motor and is used for driving the high-strength lining cable coiled tubing to retract and release the monitoring system and the downhole drilling tool.
Based on the device suitable for polar ice cover drilling, the invention also provides a method suitable for polar ice cover drilling, which comprises comprehensive drilling work and coring drilling work;
the comprehensive drilling work adopts a drilling fluid reverse circulation process, and drilling fluid enters the hole bottom from an annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall and flows out from the interior of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column; meanwhile, the monitoring system provides data in the well to the host system in real time, can make adjustment in time, and can start the anti-torsion orienting device according to the well deflection direction to perform deviation correction drilling when the well deviation exceeds the design range;
the core drilling operation adopts a drilling fluid positive circulation process, and under the action of a slurry pump, the drilling fluid flows into a drilling oil-water separator from an annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall through an outlet on a well head seal by a pipeline, and then flows back to the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall by the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the device and the method suitable for polar region ice cover drilling, the winch is matched with the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column with the passage, so that the drilling tool is retracted, the mud pump and the underground monitoring system are matched, the forward and reverse circulation drilling is realized, the special requirements of polar region drilling can be effectively met, and the device and the method have the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency and light weight.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for polar ice cap drilling according to the present invention, specifically, a full drilling operation state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for polar ice cap drilling according to the present invention, specifically illustrating a core drilling operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a downhole drilling tool in which the drill bit is a drilling bit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a downhole drilling tool in which the drill bit is a coring bit;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-underground drilling tool, 2-monitoring system, 3-connector, 4-high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, 5-wellhead seal, 6-wellhead pressure gauge, 7-continuous pipe column winch, 8-drilling fluid oil-water separator, 9-slurry pump, 10-drilling fluid manifold, 11-drilling fluid storage tank, 12-host system, 13-drill bit, 14-underground motor, 15-anti-torque orienting device, 16-lower short section, 17-middle short section and 18-upper short section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a device and a method suitable for polar ice cover drilling, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
The device suitable for polar region ice cover drilling in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1-4 and comprises a downhole drilling tool 1, a monitoring system 2, a connector 3, a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4, a wellhead seal 5, a wellhead pressure gauge 6, a continuous pipe column winch 7, a drilling fluid oil-water separator 8, a mud pump 9, a drilling fluid manifold 10, a drilling fluid storage tank 11 and a host system 12;
the top of the underground drilling tool 1 is provided with a monitoring system 2, and the monitoring system 2 is connected with one end of a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 through a connector 3;
when the comprehensive drilling work is carried out, the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 passes through a wellhead seal 5 arranged at a wellhead, then bypasses a continuous pipe column winch 7 and is connected with one end of a drilling fluid oil-water separator 8, the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator 8 is connected with a drilling fluid storage tank 11 through a drilling fluid manifold 10, the drilling fluid storage tank 11 is also connected with one end of a slurry pump 9 through a pipeline, and the other end of the slurry pump 9 is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
when the core drilling works, the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 passes through a wellhead seal 5 arranged at a wellhead, then bypasses a continuous pipe column winch 7 and is connected with one end of a slurry pump 9, the other end of the slurry pump 9 is connected with a drilling fluid storage tank 11 through a drilling fluid manifold 10, the drilling fluid storage tank 11 is also connected with one end of a drilling fluid oil-water separator 8 through a pipeline, and the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator 8 is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
the high-strength inner lining cable continuous pipe column 4 comprises a pipe body and a cable, wherein the cable penetrates through an inner channel of the pipe body and is a circulation channel of drilling fluid, and the cable provides power and signal transmission for the downhole drilling tool 1 and the monitoring system 2; the wellhead pressure gauge 6 is installed on the wellhead seal 5, the wellhead pressure gauge 6 is used for detecting the pressure in the well, and the host system 12 is used for receiving underground monitoring data and adjusting drilling parameters in real time.
In this embodiment, the downhole drilling tool 1 includes a drill bit 13, a downhole motor 14, an anti-twisting direction device 15 and a controllable heating short section, the drill bit 13 is a drilling drill bit or a coring drill bit, different drill bits 13 are selected according to different working requirements, the downhole motor 14 drives the drill bit 13 to work through a speed reducer, the anti-twisting direction device 15 provides counter force for the downhole drilling tool 1 and corrects deviation when a borehole is deviated, and the controllable heating short section is used for preventing the downhole drilling tool 1 from being frozen and adhered to the borehole wall. The controllable heating short section comprises a lower short section 16, a middle short section 17 and an upper short section 18, the lower short section 16 is arranged between the drill bit 13 and the underground motor 14, the middle short section 17 is arranged between the underground motor 14 and the monitoring system 2, the top of the monitoring system 2 is provided with a reverse-twisting orienting device 15, and the upper short section 18 is arranged at the top of the reverse-twisting orienting device 15.
In the embodiment, the coiled tubing winch 7 is driven by a motor and is used for driving the high-strength lining cable coiled tubing 4 to retract and release the downhole monitoring system 2 and the downhole drilling tool 1.
Based on the device suitable for polar ice cover drilling, the invention also provides a method suitable for polar ice cover drilling, which comprises comprehensive drilling work and coring drilling work;
the comprehensive drilling work adopts a drilling fluid reverse circulation process, the drilling fluid enters the hole bottom from the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 and the well wall and flows out from the inside of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4, and the upward return flow rate is increased because the inner diameter of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 is far smaller than the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 and the well wall, so that ice chips at the hole bottom can be carried quickly and efficiently, repeated grinding is prevented, and the drilling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the monitoring system 2 provides data in the well to the host in real time, can make adjustment in time, and can start the anti-torsion orienting device 15 according to the well deflection direction to perform deviation correction drilling when the well deflection exceeds the design range;
the core drilling operation adopts a drilling fluid forward circulation process, and is different from reverse circulation in the flow direction of the drilling fluid and the flow rate of the drilling fluid, under the action of a slurry pump 9, the drilling fluid flows into a drilling oil-water separator through an annular gap between a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 and a well wall through an outlet on a well head seal 5 and then flows back to the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4 and the well wall through the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column 4, a small amount of rock debris can be generated in the core drilling process, and the drilling fluid not only carries ice debris at the bottom of a hole, but also has the functions of carrying the rock debris, lubricating a drill bit, balancing the pressure in the well, preventing necking and preventing ice holes from freezing. The mud pump 9 can realize variable frequency adjustment to meet the requirements of different processes.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, this summary should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A device suitable for polar ice cap drilling, characterized in that: the system comprises a downhole drilling tool, a monitoring system, a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, a wellhead seal, a wellhead pressure gauge, a continuous pipe column winch, a drilling fluid oil-water separator, a slurry pump, a drilling fluid manifold, a drilling fluid storage tank and a host system;
the monitoring system is arranged at the top of the underground drilling tool and connected with one end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column; the underground drilling tool comprises a drill bit, an underground motor, a counter-torque directional device and a controllable heating short section, wherein the underground motor drives the drill bit to work through a speed reducer, the counter-torque directional device provides counter force for the underground drilling tool and corrects inclination when a well hole is inclined, and the controllable heating short section is used for preventing the underground drilling tool from being frozen and adhered to a well wall;
the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column passes through the wellhead seal arranged at a wellhead and bypasses the continuous pipe column winch and is connected with one end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator, the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator is connected with the drilling fluid storage tank through the drilling fluid manifold, the drilling fluid storage tank is also connected with one end of the slurry pump through a pipeline, and the other end of the slurry pump is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
or the other end of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column passes through the wellhead seal arranged at a wellhead and bypasses the continuous pipe column winch and is connected with one end of the slurry pump, the other end of the slurry pump is connected with the drilling fluid storage tank through the drilling fluid manifold, the drilling fluid storage tank is also connected with one end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator through a pipeline, and the other end of the drilling fluid oil-water separator is communicated with an internal channel of a drilling well through a pipeline;
the high-strength inner lining cable continuous pipe column comprises a pipe body and a cable, wherein an inner channel of the pipe body penetrates through the cable and is a circulation channel of drilling fluid, and the cable provides power and signal transmission for the underground drilling tool and a monitoring system; the wellhead pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure in the well, and the host system is used for receiving underground monitoring data and adjusting drilling parameters in real time;
the controllable heating short section comprises a lower short section, a middle short section and an upper short section, the lower short section is arranged between the drill bit and the underground motor, the middle short section is arranged between the underground motor and the monitoring system, the top of the monitoring system is provided with the anti-twisting orienting device, and the upper short section is arranged at the top of the anti-twisting orienting device;
the wellhead pressure gauge is arranged on the wellhead seal;
the monitoring system is connected with the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column through a connector;
the continuous pipe column winch is driven by a motor and used for driving the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column to retract and release the underground monitoring system and the underground drilling tool.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the drill bit is a drilling bit or a coring bit.
3. A method for polar ice cap drilling using the device for polar ice cap drilling according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of comprehensive drilling work and core drilling work;
the comprehensive drilling work adopts a drilling fluid reverse circulation process, drilling fluid enters the hole bottom from an annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall and flows out from the inside of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, and as the inner diameter of the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column is smaller than the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall, the upward return flow speed is increased, ice scraps at the hole bottom can be carried quickly and efficiently, repeated grinding is prevented, and the drilling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the monitoring system provides data in the well to the host system in real time, can make adjustment in time, and can start the anti-torsion orienting device according to the well deflection direction to perform deviation correction drilling when the well deviation exceeds the design range;
the core drilling operation adopts a drilling fluid forward circulation process, and is different from reverse circulation in the flow direction of the drilling fluid and the flow rate of the drilling fluid, under the action of a slurry pump, the drilling fluid flows into a drilling oil-water separator through an annular gap between a high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and a well wall through an outlet on a well mouth seal through a pipeline, and then flows back to the annular gap between the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column and the well wall through the high-strength lining cable continuous pipe column, and the slurry pump can realize frequency conversion adjustment so as to meet the requirements of different processes.
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| CN202210062839.2A CN114086882B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Device and method suitable for polar ice cover drilling |
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| CN202210062839.2A CN114086882B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Device and method suitable for polar ice cover drilling |
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| CN114086882B true CN114086882B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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| CN116464390B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-09-15 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Mechanical type correction system suitable for polar region ice layer hot melt drilling tool |
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