CN106381931A - Three-dimensional base isolation support capable of presetting vertical early rigidity - Google Patents
Three-dimensional base isolation support capable of presetting vertical early rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106381931A CN106381931A CN201610906354.1A CN201610906354A CN106381931A CN 106381931 A CN106381931 A CN 106381931A CN 201610906354 A CN201610906354 A CN 201610906354A CN 106381931 A CN106381931 A CN 106381931A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 208000002740 Muscle Rigidity Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/022—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional base isolation support capable of presetting vertical early rigidity. The three-dimensional base isolation support comprises a laminate rubber base isolation support and a vertical base isolation support connected in series up and down and is characterized in that a back pressure device is also arranged in a guide sleeve of the vertical base isolation support, wherein the back pressure device comprises two groups of at least three prepressed steel ropes and two floating pressure plates; the two groups of prepressed steel ropes are distributed between a composite spring and the guide sleeve in a linear state respectively; one ends of one group of prepressed steel ropes are fixed on the floating pressure plate adjacent to a drive pressure plate respectively, and the other ends pass through the floating pressure plate adjacent to a base to be fixed on the base respectively; one ends of the other group of prepressed steel ropes are fixed on the floating pressure plate adjacent to the base respectively, and the other ends pass through the floating pressure plate adjacent to the drive pressure plate to be fixed on the drive pressure plate respectively; and the two groups of prepressed steel ropes are tensioned so that the composite spring is always clamped between the two floating pressure plates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration (or shock) device, in particular to a three-dimensional shock isolation device formed by connecting an interlayer steel plate rubber pad and a vertical shock isolation support in series.
Background
The shock isolation device is a shock isolation device arranged between a building and a foundation. The early seismic isolation devices were mainly two-dimensional seismic isolation bearings (laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings) constructed by alternately laminating rubber and thin steel plates, which could only isolate the horizontal component of seismic waves. With the improvement of the knowledge of the multidimensional characteristics of the earthquake, the three-dimensional shock isolation device is gradually paid more attention by researchers in the field. The most common three-dimensional shock isolation device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock isolation support and an existing vertical shock isolation support in series.
The invention patent application with publication number CN 102409777A discloses a three-dimensional shock-insulation and anti-overturning device, the main body mechanism of the device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock-insulation support 14 and a spring shock-insulation support 15 in series, the upper side and the lower side of the main body structure are respectively provided with an upper connecting plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 18, and the device is characterized in that: tensile steel wire ropes 16 which are uniformly distributed around the main body structure in a staggered mode are arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 18, and the ultimate deformation of the tensile steel wire ropes 16 in the horizontal direction is larger than the horizontal shearing elastic deformation of the main body structure. Although the proposal of the patent application can improve the tensile strength of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device to resist the great tensile force generated by the swinging and even overturning of high-rise buildings in the earthquake, the proposal still has the following defects: 1. the spring shock insulation support can only compress energy dissipation and shock absorption, and cannot stretch the energy dissipation and shock absorption; 2. the spring shock insulation support can not preset early stiffness, and is not convenient for presetting seismic intensity and reducing shock insulation cost.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages: 1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting force of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod is a group of force with equal magnitude and opposite direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset early stiffness; 2. two groups of disc springs are matched to provide damping when the damper is under pressure or tension load, so that certain waste is caused, and the length of the damper is greatly increased.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of presetting vertical early stiffness, wherein the three-dimensional shock insulation support not only can compress energy consumption and shock absorption, but also can stretch energy consumption and shock absorption, and also keeps the effective working length of a spring in the vertical shock insulation support.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a three-dimensional isolation bearing capable of presetting vertical early rigidity comprises a laminated rubber isolation bearing and a vertical isolation bearing which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel cables uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a spring is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the spring; the middle part of a lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is sunken into the guide sleeve to form a bulge, and the lower end of the bulge is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a composite spring (all called as a rubber metal spiral composite spring), the outer diameter of the composite spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the composite spring and the guide sleeve;
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support, the back pressure device comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables and two floating pressure plates, the number of the prepressing steel cables is at least three, wherein,
one of the two floating pressure plates is arranged between the driving pressure plate and the composite spring, and the other floating pressure plate is arranged between the base and the composite spring;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are symmetrically distributed in the annular space in a linear state around the axis of the guide sleeve respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the driving pressing plate respectively, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the base and is fixed on the base; one end of the other group of prepressing steel ropes is respectively fixed on the floating pressing plates adjacent to the base, and the other end of the other group of prepressing steel ropes respectively penetrates through the floating pressing plates adjacent to the driving pressing plates and is fixed on the driving pressing plates;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes which penetrate through the prepressing steel cable at the positions which penetrate through the prepressing steel cable, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the prepressing steel cable which penetrates through the through hole;
the guide sleeve and the two floating pressure plates are respectively in movable fit;
tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to enable the distance between the two floating pressure plates to be equal to the length of compressing the composite spring to the preset vertical early stiffness;
and tensioning the tensile steel cable to provide pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
In the above scheme, the tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable can be steel cables or prestressed steel strands.
The working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation support is as follows: when the vertical dynamic load relatively acts along the axis of the guide sleeve, the pressure is transmitted to the driving pressure plate through the laminated rubber shock-insulation support, so that the composite spring is compressed by downward movement; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in the opposite direction, the tensile force is transmitted to the driving pressing plate through the tensile steel cable, the driving pressing plate moves upwards, and the two groups of prepressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating pressing plates to move relatively to compress the composite spring. Therefore, the composite spring can be compressed no matter the axial dynamic load acts on the three-dimensional shock insulation support oppositely or reversely, so that the composite spring is elastically deformed to consume energy.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel rope and the hole wall of the through hole in the floating pressure plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating pressure plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the prepressing steel rope, and the up-and-down movement of the floating pressure plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
According to the three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of presetting early vertical rigidity, two ends of the prepressing steel cable can be anchored by a conventional method, and can also be tied and fixed by a U-shaped component similar to a lifting ring screw or bent by a steel bar, so that if the two ends of the prepressing steel cable are both anchored or tied and fixed by the lifting ring screw, the preset tension can be realized only by pre-calculating and strictly controlling the length of the prepressing steel cable to realize the purpose of presetting early vertical rigidity, and further the purpose of presetting early vertical rigidity is realized. However, in the actual production and debugging process, the purpose of presetting the early vertical stiffness by adopting the method for controlling the length of the pre-pressed steel cable has two problems that firstly, an error is generated in the anchoring or tying process, and secondly, even if the error generated in the anchoring or tying process is controlled, the characteristic parameters of the pre-pressed steel cable can be changed in the cutting and placing processes. In order to solve the technical problem, an improved scheme of the invention is as follows:
the other ends of the two groups of prepressing steel cables of the vertical shock insulation support are respectively fixed on the driving pressing plate and the base by a steel cable self-locking anchorage device; the steel cable self-locking anchorage device consists of a mounting hole, a clamping jaw and a check bolt, wherein,
the mounting hole is formed in the driving pressing plate or the base; the mounting hole consists of a section of taper hole and a section of threaded hole, wherein the taper hole is positioned at one side close to the floating pressure plate, the pointed end points to the floating pressure plate, and the threaded hole is positioned at one side far away from the floating pressure plate;
the clamping jaw is conical and matched with the taper hole, and consists of 3-5 petals, and a clamping hole for clamping the prepressing steel cable is formed in the clamping jaw along the axis;
the check bolt is matched with the threaded hole, and a round hole with the diameter larger than that of the prepressing steel cable is arranged in the body along the axis;
the clamping jaw is installed in the taper hole, and the anti-loosening bolt is installed in the threaded hole.
According to the improved scheme, one end of each of the two groups of prepressing steel cables is respectively fixed on the floating pressing plates, and the other end of each of the two groups of prepressing steel cables penetrates out of the clamping holes and the round holes of the steel cable self-locking anchorage devices, so that the exposed rope ends can be tied on a traction tensioning machine, and the compression amount (namely the tensioning distance) of the composite spring is monitored while traction tensioning is carried out, so that the distance between the two floating pressing plates is determined; when the distance between the two floating pressing plates is equal to the length of compressing the composite spring to meet the vertical early rigidity, the locking bolt is screwed to push the clamping jaw to clamp and lock the pre-pressed steel cable, and the pre-pressed steel cable cannot be loosened even if the two groups of pre-pressed steel cables are repeatedly tensioned and loosened in the vibration process.
In order to prevent the two ends of the compound spring from sliding on the floating pressure plate, the invention has another improvement scheme that: and two ends of the composite spring are respectively embedded in the positioning rings.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of presetting the vertical early rigidity has the following effects:
(1) in the vertical direction, the energy dissipation and the shock absorption can be compressed and stretched; the huge pulling force of the high-rise building on the building foundation due to swinging can be effectively reduced; and only one spring is needed, the vertical length is small, and the stability is good.
(2) When the vertical dynamic load is larger than the preset vertical early rigidity resisting capacity, the two-way elastic deformation of the vertical shock insulation support is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the vertical shock insulation support is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the vertical load;
(3) the vertical early stiffness of the whole device can be changed by changing the lengths of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, the shock insulation support cannot be vertically deformed by external force before the vertical early stiffness is overcome, the shaking of the building under the action of small earthquake and weak wind vibration is effectively inhibited, the wind and shock resistance grade of the building can be preset, and the wind and shock resistance cost is obviously reduced;
(4) in the process of presetting the early stiffness, the effective working length of the composite spring is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the composite spring cannot be changed.
(5) The tension and compression impact on the building foundation caused by the building shaking trend of the building can be effectively buffered, and the risk of overturning of the building is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 7 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing according to the present invention, where fig. 1 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C, fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion i of fig. 1, fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion ii of fig. 1, and fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion iii of fig. 2.
Fig. 8-10 are schematic structural views of a second embodiment of the three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing according to the present invention, wherein fig. 8 is a front view (cross-sectional view), fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 8, and fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 8.
Fig. 11 to 13 are schematic structural views of the steel cable self-locking anchor device in the embodiment shown in fig. 8 to 10, in which fig. 11 is a front view (a cross-sectional view, in which a two-dot chain line indicates a pre-pressing steel cable), fig. 12 is a top view, and fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view F-F of fig. 11.
Fig. 14 to 16 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing according to the present invention, in which fig. 14 is a front view (sectional view), fig. 15 is a sectional view taken from G to G of fig. 14, and fig. 16 is a sectional view taken from H to H of fig. 14.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional isolation bearing in this example is composed of a laminated rubber isolation bearing and a vertical isolation bearing which are connected in series up and down.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the laminated rubber-vibration-isolating support comprises an upper connecting plate 14, a lower connecting plate 15, a laminated rubber pad 17 clamped between the upper and lower connecting plates, and six tensile steel cables 16; the upper connecting plate 14 and the lower connecting plate 15 are both disc-shaped, and the edge of the upper connecting plate 14 is provided with a mounting hole 13; the main body of the laminated rubber pad 17 is formed by alternately laminating a layer of rubber 17-1 and a layer of steel plate 17-2 and then performing mould pressing vulcanization, and a rubber protective layer 17-3 is naturally formed on the periphery of the laminated rubber pad in the mould pressing vulcanization process. The upper end face and the lower end face of the laminated rubber pad 17 main body are respectively provided with a connecting steel plate 17-4 which is connected with the laminated rubber pad in a vulcanization mode, and the two connecting steel plates 17-4 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 14 and the lower connecting plate 15 through screws. The six tensile steel cables 16 are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17, one end of each tensile steel cable 16 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 14 through the lifting bolt 12, and the other end of each tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate 15 through the lifting bolt 12. Each tensile steel cable 16 is tensioned, so that the sum of the tensions of the six tensile steel cables 16 is equal to the vertical designed static load of the three-dimensional seismic isolation support in the embodiment, and after tensioning, each tensile steel cable 16 is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the vertical shock insulation support comprises a guide sleeve 1, a base 3, a composite spring 4 and a back pressure device.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the guide sleeve 1 is in a circular tube shape, and an annular sealing cover 2 for limiting and guiding is arranged at the upper end of the guide sleeve. The base 3 is disc-shaped, mounting holes 13 are formed in the peripheral edge of the base, and the lower end of the guide sleeve 1 is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the guide sleeve through screws.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the composite spring 4 is formed by compounding and vulcanizing a cylindrical helical compression spring 4-1 and a rubber spring 4-2 wrapped outside the cylindrical helical compression spring 4-1. The composite spring 4 is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the upper end of the composite spring 4 is provided with a driving pressure plate 5 which is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1. The outer diameter of the compound spring 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 1, and an annular space is formed between the two. The middle part of the lower connecting plate 15 is sunken into the guide sleeve 1 to form a tea-cup-shaped bulge 15-1, and the lower end of the bulge 15-1 is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate 5 through screws.
Referring to fig. 1, a gap larger than the amplitude is provided between the lower connecting plate 15 and the ring cover 2 and between the driving platen 5 and the ring cover 2.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables and two floating press plates; the two groups of pre-pressing steel cables are a first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 consisting of three pre-pressing steel cables and a second group of pre-pressing steel cables 9 consisting of five pre-pressing steel cables; the two floating pressure plates are a first floating pressure plate 6 arranged between the driving pressure plate 5 and the composite spring 4 and a second floating pressure plate 7 arranged between the base 3 and the composite spring 4, and are respectively in movable fit with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 1;
referring to fig. 1 to 7, the two groups of pre-pressed steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed in the annular space around the axis of the guide sleeve 1 in a linear state, each pre-pressed steel cable is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve 1, and the distance from the first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 to the axis of the guide sleeve is equal to the distance from the second group of pre-pressed steel cables 9 to the axis of the guide sleeve; the lower ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables 8 are respectively fixed on the second floating pressing plate 7 through lifting bolts 12, and the upper ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables respectively penetrate through the first floating pressing plate 6 and are fixed on the driving pressing plate 5 through the lifting bolts 12; the upper ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables 9 are respectively fixed on the first floating pressing plate 6 by lifting ring screws 12, and the lower ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables penetrate through the second floating pressing plate 7 and are fixed on the base 3 by the lifting ring screws 12; a first through hole 10 for each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 passes, of the first floating pressing plate 6, and the diameter of the first through hole 10 is larger than that of the first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8; a second through hole 11 for each second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9 passes, of the second floating pressing plate 7, and the diameter of the second through hole 11 is larger than that of the second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9; the method for fixing the two ends of the tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable on the corresponding components by the lifting bolt comprises the following steps: the eye screw 12 is fixed to the corresponding component, and then one end of the pre-pressed steel cable is tied to the eye of the eye screw and fixed by a steel cable clamp (not shown).
The tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable in the embodiment can be steel cables or prestressed steel strands, and can be selected according to actual requirements during specific implementation.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and fig. 6, positioning rings 18 with inner diameters matched with the outer diameters of the compound springs 4 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the first floating pressing plate 6 and the second floating pressing plate 7, and two ends of each compound spring 4 are respectively embedded in the positioning rings 18 on the first floating pressing plate 6 and the second floating pressing plate 7.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the early vertical stiffness, the three-dimensional shock insulation support mounting method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, determining the compression amount of the composite spring 4 according to the vertical early stiffness required to be preset and the elastic coefficient of the composite spring 4, and further calculating the length of each pre-pressed steel cable 9 meeting the requirement of the vertical early stiffness; (2) connecting a composite spring 4, a back pressure device and a driving pressure plate 5 according to the figures 1-3, then repeatedly adjusting to enable the actual length of each prepressing steel cable to be equal to the calculated length, fixing the prepressing steel cables by using a common steel cable clamp (not shown in the figures), and clamping the composite spring 4 between a first floating pressure plate 6 and a second floating pressure plate 7 all the time; (3) putting the assembled parts in the step (2) into a guide sleeve 1, fixing the guide sleeve 1 and a base 3 together, and then sequentially installing an annular seal cover 2 and a lower connecting plate 15 of a laminated rubber vibration isolation support; (4) and finally, installing other parts of the laminated rubber vibration-isolating support above the lower connecting plate 15 according to the figures 1 and 4 to obtain the three-dimensional vibration-isolating support.
When the vertical early stiffness is preset, the sum of the tensions of the two groups of prepressing steel cables is more than or equal to the vertical static load born by the three-dimensional shock insulation support.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when the vertical waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building through the shock isolation device. Based on this, the working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation support of the embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the vertical early stiffness, if the dynamic load pushes up the base 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the reaction force of the driving platen 5 compresses the compound spring 4 downward, and the base 3 moves up with the ground without the building moving; if the base 3 is pulled down along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 by the dynamic load, the two groups of prepressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating pressure plates to move relatively to compress the composite spring 4, and the base 3 moves downwards along with the ground away from the driving pressure plate 5, so that the building still does not move at the moment. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the composite spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy. Similarly, when the building shakes under the action of wind vibration or horizontal seismic waves, the composite spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter the dynamic load generated by the building on the three-dimensional seismic isolation support is tensile force or pressure.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 as follows:
referring to fig. 8 to 10, the first set of pre-pressing steel cables 8 and the second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9 are composed of three pre-pressing steel cables.
Referring to fig. 8-10, the upper end of the first set of pre-pressed steel cables 8 and the lower end of the second set of pre-pressed steel cables 9 are respectively fixed on the driving platen 5 and the base 3 by using a steel cable self-locking anchorage 19 instead of the lifting bolt in example 1; in this embodiment, the middle portion of the base 3 is thickened and raised upwards to form an inverted basin shape, so as to facilitate installation of the steel wire rope self-locking anchorage 19.
Referring to fig. 11 to 13 in combination with fig. 7, the steel cable self-locking anchorage 19 is composed of a mounting hole formed in a mounting plate 19-1, a clamping jaw 19-2 and a locking bolt 19-4, wherein the mounting plate 19-1 is the driving pressing plate 5 or the base 3. The axis of the mounting hole is collinear with the straight line where the corresponding pre-pressing steel cable is located; the mounting hole comprises a section of taper hole and a section of threaded hole, wherein the taper hole is positioned on one side close to the floating pressure plate, the pointed end points to the floating pressure plate, and the threaded hole is positioned on one side far away from the floating pressure plate. The clamping jaw 19-2 is conical and matched with the taper hole, and consists of 3 petals, and a clamping hole 19-3 for clamping a corresponding prepressing steel cable is arranged in the clamping jaw along the axis. The anti-loose bolt 19-4 is matched with the threaded hole, and a round hole 19-5 with the diameter larger than that of the corresponding pre-pressing steel cable is arranged in the body along the axis. The clamping jaw 19-2 is arranged in the taper hole, and the anti-loose bolt 19-4 is arranged in the threaded hole; the other end of the corresponding prepressing steel cable is clamped in the clamping hole 19-3, and the tail end of the prepressing steel cable penetrates out of the round hole 19-5 of the corresponding check bolt 19-4.
According to the scheme of the embodiment, other parts except the annular seal cover 2 in the vertical shock-insulation support are assembled, the heads of the exposed first group of prepressing steel cables 8 and the second group of prepressing steel cables 9 are tied on a traction tensioning machine, and the compression amount (namely the tensioning distance) of the composite spring 4 is monitored while traction tensioning is carried out so as to determine the distance between the two floating pressure plates; when the distance between the two floating press plates is equal to the length of compressing the composite spring 4 to meet the early vertical rigidity, the locking bolt 19-4 is screwed to push the clamping jaw 19-2 to clamp and lock the pre-pressed steel cable, so that the composite spring 4 is always clamped between the first floating press plate 6 and the second floating press plate 7; then, sequentially installing an annular sealing cover and a lower connecting plate 15 of the laminated rubber vibration isolation support; and finally, assembling other parts of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support to obtain the three-dimensional shock-insulation support.
In this example, the above-described embodiment is the same as example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 14 to 16, the present example is different from example 2 in that the first set of pre-pressed steel cables 8 and the second set of pre-pressed steel cables 9 are each composed of five pre-pressed steel cables.
Other embodiments than the above-described embodiment are the same as embodiment 2.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional isolation bearing capable of presetting vertical early rigidity comprises a laminated rubber isolation bearing and a vertical isolation bearing which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel cables uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel cable is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a spring is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the spring; the middle part of a lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support is sunken into the guide sleeve to form a bulge, and the lower end of the bulge is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a composite spring, the outer diameter of the composite spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the composite spring and the guide sleeve;
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support, the back pressure device comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables and two floating pressure plates, the number of the prepressing steel cables is at least three, wherein,
one of the two floating pressure plates is arranged between the driving pressure plate and the composite spring, and the other floating pressure plate is arranged between the base and the composite spring;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are symmetrically distributed in the annular space in a linear state around the axis of the guide sleeve respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the driving pressing plate respectively, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the base and is fixed on the base; one end of the other group of prepressing steel ropes is respectively fixed on the floating pressing plates adjacent to the base, and the other end of the other group of prepressing steel ropes respectively penetrates through the floating pressing plates adjacent to the driving pressing plates and is fixed on the driving pressing plates;
the floating pressing plate is provided with through holes which penetrate through the prepressing steel cable at the positions which penetrate through the prepressing steel cable, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of the prepressing steel cable which penetrates through the through hole;
the guide sleeve and the two floating pressure plates are respectively in movable fit;
tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to enable the distance between the two floating pressure plates to be equal to the length of compressing the composite spring to the preset vertical early stiffness;
and tensioning the tensile steel cable to provide pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing capable of presetting early vertical stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tensile steel cable and the pre-pressing steel cable are steel cables or prestressed steel strands.
3. The three-dimensional shock insulation support capable of presetting the vertical early stiffness according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the other ends of two groups of prepressing steel cables of the vertical shock insulation support are respectively fixed on a driving pressing plate and a base by a steel cable self-locking anchorage device; the steel cable self-locking anchorage device consists of a mounting hole, a clamping jaw and a check bolt, wherein,
the mounting hole is formed in the driving pressing plate or the base; the mounting hole consists of a section of taper hole and a section of threaded hole, wherein the taper hole is positioned at one side close to the floating pressure plate, the pointed end points to the floating pressure plate, and the threaded hole is positioned at one side far away from the floating pressure plate;
the clamping jaw is conical and matched with the taper hole, and consists of 3-5 petals, and a clamping hole for clamping the prepressing steel cable is formed in the clamping jaw along the axis;
the check bolt is matched with the threaded hole, and a round hole with the diameter larger than that of the prepressing steel cable is arranged in the body along the axis;
the clamping jaw is installed in the taper hole, and the anti-loosening bolt is installed in the threaded hole.
4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing capable of presetting early vertical stiffness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the opposite surfaces of the two floating pressure plates are respectively provided with a positioning ring, and the two ends of the compound spring are respectively embedded in the positioning rings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610906354.1A CN106381931A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Three-dimensional base isolation support capable of presetting vertical early rigidity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610906354.1A CN106381931A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Three-dimensional base isolation support capable of presetting vertical early rigidity |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN87100223A (en) * | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | 华东建筑设计院 | Prestressed damping spring vibration-reducing apparatus |
| JPH0389039A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-04-15 | Sanwa Tekki Corp | Capstan type damping device |
| CN2837412Y (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-11-15 | 上海环星减振器有限公司 | Displacement-compensation vibration-isolation buffer |
| CN200943268Y (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-09-05 | 广州大学 | Improved tri-dimensional shock insulation device |
| CN201136517Y (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 中国北车集团四方车辆研究所 | Bidirectional buffer for pulling-pressing conversion of elastic body |
| CN201460241U (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2010-05-12 | 北京公科固桥技术有限公司 | Prestress high-strength steel mesh anchorage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87100223A (en) * | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | 华东建筑设计院 | Prestressed damping spring vibration-reducing apparatus |
| JPH0389039A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-04-15 | Sanwa Tekki Corp | Capstan type damping device |
| CN2837412Y (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-11-15 | 上海环星减振器有限公司 | Displacement-compensation vibration-isolation buffer |
| CN200943268Y (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-09-05 | 广州大学 | Improved tri-dimensional shock insulation device |
| CN201136517Y (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 中国北车集团四方车辆研究所 | Bidirectional buffer for pulling-pressing conversion of elastic body |
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