CN106368098A - Rapid design method of road bioretention trough - Google Patents

Rapid design method of road bioretention trough Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106368098A
CN106368098A CN201610912222.XA CN201610912222A CN106368098A CN 106368098 A CN106368098 A CN 106368098A CN 201610912222 A CN201610912222 A CN 201610912222A CN 106368098 A CN106368098 A CN 106368098A
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road
rainfall
delay tank
design
area
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CN201610912222.XA
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刘增超
赵菁
蒋丹烈
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Xian University of Technology
Xian Technological University
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Xian Technological University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sponge city rainwater collection and purification, and specifically relates to and provides a rapid design method of a road bioretention trough. The rapid design method of the road bioretention trough can be used for road rainfall runoff storage retention, infiltration, purification and discharge. The rapid design method of the road bioretention trough comprises the design of the confluence ratio, the superficial area, the depth and inflow openings of the bioretention trough. According to the method, by taking the runoff generation and confluence process of rainfall as the basis, the factors, on the adjustment effect of the bioretention trough, of the rainfall recurrence interval, the duration of rainfall, the runoff coefficient of an underlying surface, the depth of an aquifer on the surface of the retention trough, the penetrating performance and water storage performance of filler, the vegetation thickness and the like are comprehensively considered, compared with the prior art, the calculation is simpler, the operation effect is good, and the design error is small.

Description

A kind of road biology delay tank Fast design method
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge urban rainwater collection with purification techniques field and in particular to a kind of road biology delay tank fast Fast method for designing.
Background technology
Biological delay technology has reduction runoff flood peak and flow, purifies the functions such as runoff pollution, recharging groundwater source, its Set up and be placed in municipal administration, one residential both sides of the road, be one of main low influence technique in sponge urban construction, can tackle medium and small The Initial Runoff regulation and control of rainfall runoff and larger rainfall.
This technology occurs relatively early abroad, and research is more, and its diameter quantity curtailment effect and pollutant purification effect obtain To more confirmation, but this technology still belongs to one of emerging technology at home, due to a lack of ripe method for designing, its many places at home In laboratory research aspect, it is more difficult to promote.
At present, both at home and abroad the method for designing of biological delay tank is mainly had: (1) percolation；(2) dischargeable capacity method；(3) compare Example estimation algorithm etc..In the biological delay tank of design, the penetrating power of percolation Main Basiss filler and Darcy's law are calculated, Apply in general to the good chiltern filler systems of permeance property, the method have ignored packing layer hole storage capacity and vegetation pair The impact of aquifer volume so that design result often deviation is larger；Dischargeable capacity method stresses biological delay tank top layer water-retention energy Power, be primarily adapted for use in the little clayed soil system of infiltration coefficient, the method although it is contemplated that the impact to aquifer for the vegetation, but not Consider penetrating power and the hole storage capacity of facility, the method there is also certain design error；Ratio estimation algorithm is designed Facility area typically take the 5%～10% of catchment area, though the method calculates simple, precision is not high, and needs for many years Engineering experience accumulation relevant parameter could be proposed, additionally, its adaptability is also poor when rainfall changes greatly.
Content of the invention
The present invention will provide a kind of road biology delay tank Fast design method, is missed with the design overcoming prior art to exist Difference is larger, calculates the problem of complexity simultaneously.
In order to reach the purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of road biology delay tank Fast design method, including To biological delay tank confluent ratio, surface area, enter the determination of head piece overall length.
The technical scheme is that
(1) determination of confluent ratio:
Make n be except biological be detained groove area in addition to water catchment area area and biological delay tank area ratio, abbreviation confluent ratio, It is with total catchment area, biological delay tank surface area, infiltration coefficient, dependable rainfall, biological delay tank total depth, average runoff The isoparametric relation of coefficient is shown in formula (1), formula (2), and its Chinese style (1) is the definition of confluent ratio, and formula (2) is the theoretical meter of confluent ratio Formula.
n = a - a b a b - - - ( 1 )
In formula: a is total catchment area, m in design road area2；abFor biological delay tank surface area, m2；K is infiltration system Number, m/s；H is the corresponding dependable rainfall of runoff control targe, m；T is single game rainfall duration, min；H is for surface aquifer Big projected depth, m；F accounts for the percentage ratio of water-retention surface layer for plant cross-sectional area；θ is filler layer porosity；For water catchment area The average runoff coefficient in domain；dbFor biological delay tank total depth (without surface aquifer), m；
(2) determination of biological delay tank surface area:
Find after confluent ratio n according to calculating table quickly, integration project actual measurement catchment area a can quickly calculate birth by formula (3) again Thing delay tank surface area ab.
a b = a n + 1 - - - ( 3 )
(3) enter head piece to design:
Biological delay tank water inlet design need to consider the factors such as flow mode, road head fall, cross fall, becomes a mandarin Gap height highly can determine according to kerbstone, typically can use 0.1m-0.2m；Its gap overall length that becomes a mandarin can simplify meter with following formula Calculate:
l = 2 q 0.42 i 0.6 - - - ( 4 )
In formula: l is the gap total length that becomes a mandarin, m；Q is design discharge, m3/s；I is road surface cross fall, %.
For road type biology delay tank, its underlying surface runoff coefficientOften take 0.9；Its top layer maximum water-storage depth h preferably takes 0.1m～0.3m, engineering design takes 0.2m often；Its mixing composition porosity θ can use 0.02～0.10, for based on husky, native Its porosity θ of filler can use 0.05；When top layer water-retention, shared by plant, volume must take in, and plant volume accounts for water-retention The percentage ratio f of layer volume often takes 0.2；Need and project construction excavation amount in view of plant root growth, biological delay tank Total depth dbPreferably take 0.6m～1.2m；For soil in delay tank and filler, between 1 × 10 more than its average infiltration coefficient-5M/s～ 1×10-7Between m/s；Design rainfall return period typically takes 2a～10a, and single game rainfall duration can use 60min～120min.
By runoff coefficient in above parameterTop layer maximum water-storage depth h, filler voidage θ, plant cross section percentage ratio F, single game rainfall duration t are considered as definite value, to biological delay tank total depth dbTake 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m respectively, soil and The average infiltration coefficient of filler takes 1 × 10 respectively-7m/s、5×10-7m/s、1×10-6m/s、5×10-6m/s、1×10-5M/s, fall The rain return period takes 2a, 3a, 5a, 10a respectively, is designed with 80 kinds of operating modes altogether, calculates corresponding confluent ratio n, checks quickly for fast With.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, calculate simple: this method considers rainfall with the water balance of rainfall runoff as foundation, rainfall duration, Underlying surface type, is detained rooved face aquifer depth, filler permeance property and the factor such as water storage performance, vegetation density stagnant to biology Stay the impact of groove regulating effect, provide the design formula of uniqueness simultaneously, and by unique formula, typical condition can be entered Row calculates, and extracts confluent ratio and calculates table quickly, so that engineering staff inquires about rapidly use.
2nd, design error is little: the method has considered top layer water-retention performance, the permeance property of filler itself and hole storage The impact of the factors such as aqueouss energy, vegetation volume, the influence factor that computing formula considers is comprehensive, analysis is rigorous, in theory It is little that its error compares other method for designing errors existing.
3rd, the design method be based on complete water balance method and propose, considered repetition period of rainfall, rainfall duration, under Pad face runoff coefficient, delay rooved face aquifer depth, filler permeance property and the factor such as water storage performance, vegetation density are to biology The impact of delay tank regulating effect, theory analysis process is rigorous, on here basis, extracts a set of confluent ratio zoom table, supplies Common engineering personnel are fast, and quick checking takes, and can avoid the Theoretical Calculation work of complexity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is biological delay tank site plan, and wherein: (a) intakes for bilateral, (b) is unilateral water inlet；
Fig. 2 is that biological delay tank becomes a mandarin gap layout drawing, wherein: (a) is common gap, and (b) is silk screen gap；
Fig. 3 is biological delay tank overflow well profile layout drawing.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of road biology delay tank Fast design method, including to confluent ratio, the determination that enters head piece overall length:
(1) determination of confluent ratio:
Make n be except biological be detained groove area in addition to water catchment area area and biological delay tank area ratio, abbreviation confluent ratio, It is with total catchment area, biological delay tank surface area, infiltration coefficient, dependable rainfall, biological delay tank total depth, average runoff The isoparametric relation of coefficient is shown in formula (1), formula (2), and its Chinese style (1) is the definition of confluent ratio, and formula (2) is the theoretical meter of confluent ratio Formula.
n = a - a b a b - - - ( 1 )
In formula: a is total catchment area, m in design road area2；abFor biological delay tank surface area, m2；K is infiltration system Number, m/s；H corresponding dependable rainfall, m when can dissolve completely for runoff；T is single game rainfall duration, min；H is surface water-retention Layer design maximum depth, m；F accounts for the percentage ratio of water-retention surface layer for plant cross-sectional area；θ is filler layer porosity；For converging The average runoff coefficient of aqua region；Db is biological delay tank total depth (without surface aquifer), m；
For road type biology delay tank, its underlying surface runoff coefficientOften take 0.9；Its top layer maximum water-storage depth h preferably takes 10～30cm, engineering design takes 20cm often；For the filler based on husky, native, its mixing composition voidage θ can use 0.05； When top layer water-retention, shared by plant, volume must take in, and the percentage ratio f that plant volume accounts for aquifer volume often takes 0.2；Examine Consider plant root growth needs, biological delay tank total depth dbIt is not preferably less than 60, simultaneously take account of engineering excavation earth volume, its Depth is not preferably greater than 120cm；For soil in delay tank and filler, between 1 × 10 more than its average infiltration coefficient-5M/s～1 × 10-7Between m/s；Design rainfall return period typically takes 2a～10a, and single game rainfall duration can use 120min,
By runoff coefficient in above parameterTop layer maximum water-storage depth h, filler voidage θ, plant cross section percentage ratio F, single game rainfall duration t are considered as definite value, to biological delay tank total depth dbTake 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m respectively, soil and The average infiltration coefficient of filler takes 1 × 10 respectively-7m/s、5×10-7m/s、1×10-6m/s、5×10-6m/s、1×10-5M/s, fall The rain return period takes 2a, 3a, 5a, 10a respectively, is designed with 80 kinds of operating modes altogether, calculates corresponding confluent ratio n (except biology is stagnant Stay the water catchment area area outside groove area and biological delay tank area ratio), check quickly for fast.
It is listed below the confluent ratio result of calculation of 80 kinds of typical conditions, referring to calculating table 1 quickly to calculating table 4 quickly:
(2) according to calculating quickly after table finds confluent ratio n, integration project actual measurement catchment area can quickly be calculated by formula (3) again Biological delay tank surface area ab.
a b = a n + 1 - - - ( 3 )
During table 1 p=2a, confluent ratio calculates table quickly
During table 2 p=3a, confluent ratio calculates table quickly
During table 3 p=5a, confluent ratio calculates table quickly
During table 4 p=10a, confluent ratio calculates table quickly
(3) enter the determination of head piece overall length:
Biological delay tank water inlet design need to consider the factors such as flow mode, road head fall, cross fall.Become a mandarin Gap height highly can determine according to kerbstone, typically can use 0.1m-0.2m；Its total length can refer to following formula simplification and calculates:
l = 2 q 0.42 i 0.6 - - - ( 4 )
In formula: l is the gap total length that becomes a mandarin, m；I is road surface cross fall, %；Q is design discharge, m3/s.
It is possible to gap is prorated to biological delay trough rim according to conventional design after trying to achieve the gap overall length that becomes a mandarin Shi Shang, as shown in figure 1, the spacing of every group of gap can use 10m-30m, every group of (a) figure sets gap 3-5 to curb gap arrangement form Individual, single gap length is preferably in 15cm-30cm；B every group of () figure sets gap 2-3, single gap length is preferably in 30cm-50cm.
Determine confluent ratio with the method for the present invention and enter head piece overall length, the design to overflow well is conventionally carried out:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3.Biological delay tank overflow well is connected with city planting ductwork, and overflow open height is less than road edge simultaneously Higher than collection water layer upper bound face, excessive rainfall runoff passes through overflow well and enters discharge after municipal Storm Sewer Network, and diameter of overflow pipe should be with The design standard coupling of the downstream city planting ductwork being mutually connected.
By case history, the method for the present invention will be described in detail below:
In this biological delay tank engineering position Xi'an suburbs section road side greenbelt, adopt two in delay tank roadbed side Cloth one film does Anti-seeping technology, and bottom can directly be infiltrated.Its main design parameters is: design rainfall return period is p=3a, and single game drops Rain is lasted for t=120min, and dependable rainfall is h=32mm；Design surface water-retention layer depth is h=20cm；Packing layer space Rate is θ=0.05；Packing layer total depth is db=100cm, from top to bottom respectively 60cm kind plant soil layer, 20cm slag layer, 20cm gravel layer.Selected by actual measurement, section catchment area is about a=573.6m2, road horizontal wall inscription is i=2%, and soil permeability coefficient connects Nearly k=1 × 10-6m/s.Runoff coefficient is taken to general town roadVegetation accounting f=0.2, then can detect from table 2 It designs confluent ratio n=6.53, then is learnt by formula (3) calculating
a b = a n + 1 = 573.6 6.53 + 1 ≈ 76.2 m 2
According to place actual state, design the effectively a width of 2.7m of this biological delay tank, length is 28.0m, real area is 75.6m2, actual confluent ratio n=6.58.
Trying to achieve run-off by formula (5) is:
Q=0.0023m3/s
Formula (4) is tried to achieve the design gap total length that becomes a mandarin and is again:
L=1.62m
Enter stream mode monolateral water inlet in the form of Fig. 1 (b), the gap that becomes a mandarin adopts the shape design of Fig. 2 (a), its gap Highly take kerbstone height；Design becomes a mandarin gap number for 8, then single gap length is about 20cm；Every 4 gap that become a mandarin are One group, set 2 groups altogether, the spacing of every group of gap takes 20m.
Rainfall monitoring interpretation of result:
From in mid-May, 2015 at the beginning of 2016 6 months, total effect has monitored 7 catchments, its rainfall between Between 2.5mm～30.4mm.Only having 3 plays in 7 rainfalls monitored has outer row's phenomenon, for no outer draining catchment Then regarding biological delay tank water yield reduction rate as 100%, total amount of pollutant reduction rate is also 100%.With its China and foreign countries' discharge capacity at most, fall Although its rainfall is slightly below dependable rainfall as a example the catchment for 30.4mm for the rainfall, but its rainfall duration is only 98min, belongs to short duration heavy showers, and this flow mode reduction rate is 83%, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, codcr, the dirt such as ss Dye thing total amount reduction is respectively 80.2%, 93.5%, 89.7%, 84.8%, 92.3%.
Also known that by 7 rainfall monitoring results, for meeting design requirement, (repetition period of rainfall within 3a, and rainfall is gone through When be not less than 120min) rain types, the run-off reduction rate of this biological delay tank is up to 100%；For close to but not complete , up to more than 80%, major pollutants total amount reduction rate is also up to 80% for its run-off reduction rate of the rainfall of full up sufficient design conditions More than.Can reflect from Monitoring Data of both run-off and the total amount of pollutant, carry out by the confluent ratio short-cut counting method biological stagnant Stay facilities design, its method is easy, and good to road runoff regulating effect, design error is little.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of road biology delay tank Fast design method it is characterised in that:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) determination of confluent ratio:
Make n be except biological be detained groove area in addition to water catchment area area and biological delay tank area ratio, abbreviation confluent ratio, its with Total catchment area, biological delay tank surface area, infiltration coefficient, dependable rainfall, biological delay tank total depth, average runoff coefficient Isoparametric relation is shown in formula (1), formula (2), and its Chinese style (1) is the definition of confluent ratio, and formula (2) is the Theoretical Calculation of confluent ratio Formula:
n = a - a b a b - - - ( 1 )
In formula: a is total catchment area, m in design road area2；abFor biological delay tank surface area, m2；K is infiltration coefficient, m/ s；H is the corresponding dependable rainfall of runoff control targe, m；T is single game rainfall duration, min；H is surface aquifer design maximum Depth, m；F accounts for the percentage ratio of water-retention surface layer for plant cross-sectional area；θ is filler layer porosity；Average for watershed Runoff coefficient；dbIt is the biological delay tank total depth without surface aquifer, m；
(2) determination of biological delay tank surface area:
Find after confluent ratio n according to calculating table quickly, integration project actual measurement catchment area a quickly calculates biological delay by formula (3) again Rooved face amasss ab.
a b = a n + 1 - - - ( 3 )
(3) enter head piece to design:
Biological delay tank water inlet design need to consider the factors such as flow mode, road head fall, cross fall, and become a mandarin gap Height highly determines according to kerbstone, takes 0.1m-0.2m；Its gap overall length following formula simplification that becomes a mandarin calculates:
l = 2 q 0.42 i 0.6 - - - ( 4 )
In formula: l is the gap total length that becomes a mandarin, m；Q is design discharge, m3/s；I is road surface cross fall, %.
2. road according to claim 1 biology delay tank Fast design method it is characterised in that:
In described step (): for road type biology delay tank, its underlying surface runoff coefficientTake 0.9；Its top layer is maximum to be stored Water depth h takes 0.1m～0.3m, takes 0.2m during engineering design；Its mixing composition porosity θ takes 0.02～0.10, for husky, Its porosity θ of filler based on soil takes 0.05；When top layer water-retention, shared by plant, volume must take in, and plant volume accounts for The percentage ratio f of aquifer volume takes 0.2；Need and project construction excavation amount in view of plant root growth, biological delay Groove total depth dbTake 0.6m～1.2m；For soil in delay tank and filler, between 1 × 10 more than its average infiltration coefficient-5M/s～ 1×10-7Between m/s；Design rainfall return period takes 2a～10a, single game rainfall duration takes 60min～120min.
3. road according to claim 2 biology delay tank Fast design method it is characterised in that:
By runoff coefficient in above parameterTop layer maximum water-storage depth h, filler voidage θ, plant cross section percentage ratio f, list Field is considered as definite value, to biological delay tank total depth d rainfall duration tbTake 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m, soil and filler respectively Average infiltration coefficient takes 1 × 10 respectively-7m/s、5×10-7m/s、1×10-6m/s、5×10-6m/s、1×10-5M/s, rainfall weight Current take 2a, 3a, 5a, 10a respectively, be designed with 80 kinds of operating modes altogether, calculate corresponding confluent ratio n, check quickly for fast.
CN201610912222.XA 2016-10-19 2016-10-19 Rapid design method of road bioretention trough Pending CN106368098A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110143663A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-20 悉地（苏州）勘察设计顾问有限公司 A kind of method of filler design parameter in determining biological delaying basin

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US20110147303A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Kristar Enterprises, Inc. Bioretention System With High Internal High Flow Bypass
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US20130213869A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-08-22 Kristar Enterprises, Inc. Fixture Cells for Bioretention Systems
CN203729430U (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-07-23 北京泰宁科创雨水利用技术股份有限公司 Rainwater bioretention filtering device
CN105862549A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-17 东南大学 Biologicalpurificationretention belt for sponge-type city municipal road and construction method of biologicalpurificationretention belt

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102149441A (en) * 2008-04-16 2011-08-10 威廉·卢卡斯 Bioretention system and method
US20110147303A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Kristar Enterprises, Inc. Bioretention System With High Internal High Flow Bypass
US20130213869A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-08-22 Kristar Enterprises, Inc. Fixture Cells for Bioretention Systems
CN203729430U (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-07-23 北京泰宁科创雨水利用技术股份有限公司 Rainwater bioretention filtering device
CN105862549A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-17 东南大学 Biologicalpurificationretention belt for sponge-type city municipal road and construction method of biologicalpurificationretention belt

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110143663A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-20 悉地（苏州）勘察设计顾问有限公司 A kind of method of filler design parameter in determining biological delaying basin

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