CN106359213A - Scallop parent breeding device for marine ranch and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Scallop parent breeding device for marine ranch and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106359213A CN106359213A CN201611089637.8A CN201611089637A CN106359213A CN 106359213 A CN106359213 A CN 106359213A CN 201611089637 A CN201611089637 A CN 201611089637A CN 106359213 A CN106359213 A CN 106359213A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture and particularly relates to a scallop parent breeding device for a marine ranch and a construction method thereof. A suspension-type raft frame comprises an indicating floating ball located above the sea level, a breeding rope fixed in the sea area, cages suspended on the breeding rope and floating balls located in the sea area, wherein multiple suspension clasps are distributed on the breeding rope, the upper portions of the suspension clasps are connected with the floating balls through mooring ropes, the cages are hung on the lower portions of the suspension clasps, the two ends of the breeding rope are each fixed to the seabed through a fixing pile, the indicating floating ball is hung in the center of the breeding rope through a mooring rope, and with the center of the breeding rope being a reference point, the floating balls, the cages and the suspension clasps on the two sides of the center of the breeding rope are in a symmetrical state. Through the device arranged in the specific area of the marine ranch, a good ecological environment is constructed for a scallop species pool, and the constructed device is utilized for breeding scallop parents so that the scallop parents can propagate offspring in the natural environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field is and in particular to a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device and its structure side
Method.
Background technology
From the eighties in last century, marine shellfish aquaculture develops rapidly, and cultivation scale and benefit improve constantly.However, by
In the irrational development and utilization in offshore waters, lead to that sea water self-pollution is serious, the water quality of Cultivated water deteriorates increasingly, shallow sea
Bivalve raft cultivation industry is in the development bottleneck phase.The industry of China's fishery in recent years actively pushes forward transition and upgrade, accelerates " marine grain
Storehouse " is built, and aquafarm is the effective way realizing this target, is also the master of Modern Fishery sustainable development and ecologic breeding
Want mode, it not only can also change seabed " desertification " present situation in coastal waters, also can improve the quality of marine product.In 10-50 rice etc.
The aquafarm built in the range of the marine site of deep line, the shellfish kind of its existence is relatively single, and main cause is that harmful organisms are invaded
Attack and primary population scarcity of resources.
Content of the invention
Problem present in scallop culture in building for aquafarm, the present invention provides a kind of aquafarm scallop parent
Breeding device and its construction method, scallop parent is raised by the device that is arranged in aquafarm specific region so as to from
So carry out filial generation expanding propagation under environment, ensure and be grown on the relatively stable of scallop colony on the reefs of seabed.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device, it is characterized in that, including the instruction being located above sea level
Ball float, the big well rope of cultivation being fixed in marine site, the cage being suspended on the big well rope of cultivation, the ball float being located in marine site, wherein cultivate
Be distributed with big well rope multiple withhold, withhold top and ball float connected by hawser, withhold lower section bolt and hang cage, the two of the big well rope of cultivation
End is fixed on seabed by spud pile respectively, passes through hawser bolt in the center cultivating big well rope and hangs instruction ball float, big to cultivate
Point on the basis of the center of well rope, in the cultivation ball float of great Geng center both sides, cage, withholds all symmetrically states.
Further, in the center both sides cultivating big well rope, ball float, the distribution withheld all present hangs density the closer to central bolt
More low tendency.
Further, cultivating withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of big well rope two ends is 10-12m.
Further, spud pile is located in the deep marine site of 10-30m.
Further, the distance in cage distance from bottom seabed is 4-6m.
Further, described ball float is can punching press pe ball float.
Further, spud pile is stub structure, and the vertical position of spud pile is king pile, and side is distributed with around king pile
Stake, forms angle obliquely between the stake of described side and king pile.
Further, described scallop parent breeding device also includes observing the camera head of scallop growth positioned at seabed.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device, and it is characterized in that,
In the specified sea areas of aquafarm, setting device, to raise scallop parent so as to expanding propagation filial generation under natural environment, ensures growth
On the reefs of seabed, scallop colony is relatively stable, and the concrete construction method of scallop parent breeding device adopts following steps:
Step 1, in selected aquafarm, determine current direction, make the direction of scallop parent breeding device and ocean current side
To vertical, determine the installation stake position of spud pile, squeeze into seabed with piling machine by being fixed with the timber cultivating big well rope；
Step 2, withholding beginning at 10 meters of the fixing pile foundation position at two ends, require cultivating big well rope respectively according to raising
Bolt of withholding hang ball float and cage, and hang instruction ball float in the center bolt cultivating big well rope, instruction ball float is bubbled through the water column；
Step 3, scallop parent is placed in cage is cultivated, the increasing of the growth with scallop and cage aufwuch
Plus, by the observation of situation that instruction ball float on sea is risen and fallen, increase ball float quantity on cultivating big well rope and be adjusted；
Step 4, underwater camera device is periodically utilized to observe scallop growing state.
Further, in step 2, ball float and cage bolt hang respectively by cultivate big well rope center on the basis of symmetrically
State, the closer to central point, the bolt extension density of ball float and cage is lower.
The present invention compared with prior art it is beneficial that: the present invention is by being arranged at aquafarm specific region
In scallop parent breeding device, be that the scallop kind storehouse of aquafarm builds good ecological environment, raised using the device building
Foster scallop parent is so as to carry out filial generation expanding propagation under natural environment.For ensureing the scallop in raising cage not by Carnis Rapanae thomasianae, Asterias amurensis Lutken etc.
Predation, raises cage lifting rope length by adjustment, makes to hang on 5 meters of the cage distance from bottom seabed of scallop raising cultivating on big well rope
Left and right, prevents Carnis Rapanae thomasianae, Asterias amurensis Lutken etc. from entering and raises cage, it is to avoid scallop is destroyed by population.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the scallop parent breeding device structural representation of invention；
Fig. 2 is the fixing timber structural representation in Fig. 1.
Description of symbols: 1, indicate ball float, 2, hawser, 3, ball float, 4, withhold, 5, cultivate big well rope, 6, cage, 7, spud pile,
8th, king pile, 9, side stake.
Specific embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is made into
One step ground, describes in detail.
Embodiment 1:
Set up the aquafarm of cultured scallop in marine site, supported by the way of building scallop parent breeding device
Grow.Scallop parent breeding device includes the instruction ball float being located above sea level, the big well rope of cultivation being fixed in marine site, is suspended on
Cultivate the cage on big well rope, the ball float in marine site.
Cultivate be distributed with big well rope multiple withhold, withhold cultivate big well rope on by cultivate great Geng center on the basis of symmetrical
Setting, the number withheld can be adjusted according to the needs of actual cultivation, be mainly used to bolt and hang ball float and cage.
Withhold top and ball float is connected by hawser, withhold lower section bolt and hang cage, pass through at the two ends cultivating big well rope solid respectively
Determine stake and be fixed on seabed, cultivate big well rope center pass through hawser bolt hang instruction ball float, with cultivate big well rope center as base
On schedule, in the cultivation ball float of great Geng center both sides, cage all symmetrically states.
In the center both sides cultivating big well rope, ball float, the distribution of cage all present gets over low tendency the closer to central bolt extension density,
The center that the bolt of both sides ball float is hung with regard to cultivating big well rope is symmetrical, and the bolt of both sides cage is hung also with regard to cultivating a center left side for big well rope
The right side is symmetrical, and ball float and cage bolt hang over different withholding.
To cultivate withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of big well rope two ends be 10-12m, and it is deep that spud pile is located at 10-30m
In marine site.In the present embodiment, withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of two ends is 10m, and fixing pile foundation position is spud pile
Apical position, spud pile is located in the deep marine site of 20m, and the spud pile at two ends gos deep into the highly consistent of seabed, and the present embodiment
In, in the presence of cage, ball float hang, cultivate the angle forming 45 degree between the two ends of big well rope and the base position of spud pile.
The distance in cage distance from bottom seabed is 4-6m, and the spacing in cage distance from bottom seabed is in 4-6m in the present embodiment
Between, every 0.5m value, choose 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m respectively, be suitable for raising in the range of 4-6m.
In this application, when the distance in cage distance from bottom seabed is more than 6m, using the device cultured scallop of the application
By limitation, main cause is to cultivate withholding of big well rope two ends to be set to 10-12m with the distance between fixing pile foundation position, tilts
Angle is 45 °, and under this condition, cultivating big well rope is 7-8.5m apart from seabed, because scallop culture cage is high plus bolt lanyard length extremely
It is about 1.5m less, therefore the adjustable distance apart from seabed for the scallop culture cage bottom is about 5.5-7m.
Cultivate withholding and the distance between fixing pile foundation position value, spud pile position of big well rope two ends except what the present embodiment selected
Depth in marine site, can also select to cultivate withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of big well rope two ends is 10m, spud pile
In the deep marine site of 30m, or to cultivate withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of big well rope two ends be 12m, and spud pile is located at
In the deep marine site of 30m, or to cultivate withholding with the distance between fixing pile foundation position of big well rope two ends be 11m, and it is deep that spud pile is located at 20m
Marine site in, as long as the present invention provide numerical range in, the raising of scallop is all respond well, can enter under natural environment
Row filial generation expanding propagation, reduces the probability preyed on by natural enemy.
In the present embodiment ball float using can punching press the ball float made of pe material, prototype can be kept under water at 20 meters, keep away
The loss of buoyance effect from the damaged deformation to marine environment.
Spud pile is timber, side stake is distributed with, forms folder obliquely between the stake of described side and timber around timber
Angle.In the present embodiment, the high 1.5m of timber, if timber is cylinder, a diameter of 0.15m of timber, if timber is cuboid, timber
Length and width be 0.15m.If side stake be cylinder, a diameter of 0.06m of side stake, if side stake be cuboid, the length of side stake and
Width is 0.06m.Spud pile adopts the structure that timber and side stake combine, and is in tiltedly by being additionally arranged around timber with timber surface
The side stake of angle upwards, can make timber be easy to wedge seabed bed mud, and make timber be difficult to extract because resistance upwards increases,
Guarantee that spud pile is more firm in seabed fixation.
Scallop parent breeding device also includes observing the camera head of scallop growth positioned at seabed, can dynamically be seen
Examine, be easy to grasp the growing state of scallop in cage.
Using above-mentioned scallop parent breeding device, carry out building in the specified sea areas of aquafarm and raise scallop parent
Growing environment so as to expanding propagation filial generation under natural environment, ensure relatively stable, the fan being grown on scallop colony on the reefs of seabed
The concrete construction method of shellfish parent breeding device adopts following steps, in this step for can take above-mentioned cultivation big well rope two ends
Withhold the depth value being located in marine site with the distance between fixing pile foundation position value, spud pile and cage distance from bottom sea
The distance value at bottom.
Step 1, in selected aquafarm, determine current direction, make the direction of scallop parent breeding device and ocean current side
To vertical, determine the installation stake position of spud pile, squeeze into seabed with piling machine by being fixed with the timber cultivating big well rope.By step 1
Carry out fixing work in marine site for the scallop parent breeding device, be easy to building of scallop parent breeding device.
Step 2, withholding beginning at 10 meters of the fixing pile foundation position at two ends, require cultivating big well rope respectively according to raising
Bolt of withholding hang ball float and cage, and hang instruction ball float in the center bolt cultivating big well rope, instruction ball float is bubbled through the water column.
The bolt of ball float and cage hangs respectively symmetrically state on the basis of the center cultivating big well rope, the closer to central point,
It is lower that the bolt of ball float and cage hangs density.
Because scallop parent breeding device suspends in water in the present invention, only instruction ball float floats on sea, stormy waves drag minimization,
Safe.The present invention can make scallop parent raise dress by adjusting the length that bolt is hung instruction ball float and cultivated hawser between big well rope
Put and be applied to 10-30 rice deep-sea domain, scallop parent breeding device is located in 20 meters of deep marine sites in this embodiment.
In the present invention using be fixed on cultivate big well rope on some withhold bolts hang ball float and raise cage, play positioning action,
Observed by situation that instruction ball float is risen and fallen, arrange follow-up management work.Such as adjust height in marine site for the cage, adjustment bolt
The bolt hanging over the quantity of ball float and cage, adjustment ball float and cage cultivating on big well rope hangs position etc..
Step 3, scallop parent is placed in cage is cultivated, the increasing of the growth with scallop and cage aufwuch
Plus, by the observation of situation that instruction ball float on sea is risen and fallen, increase ball float quantity on cultivating big well rope and be adjusted.
The cage weight that early stage bolt is hung is 1:3 with the ratio of ball float buoyancy, and the growth with scallop and raising cage attachment are given birth to
The increase of thing, by the water surface is indicated with the observation of ball float sink-float situation, then increases ball float quantity on well rope rope.
Step 4, underwater camera device is periodically utilized to observe scallop growing state.
In the present invention, bolt hangs ball float and raising cage is all completed by diver's underwater operation.
For achieving the above object, the fixing raft frame timber that the present invention provides is tree structure, is vertical king pile at middle part,
Surrounding along king pile side is provided with the side stake in angle obliquely with king pile.
The experimental data obtaining below by way of different matched groups, to growth feelings in the device that the present invention provides for the scallop
Condition illustrates.
Experiment one: compare scallop growth and the survival rate situation under different breeding mode
In this experimental group, choose adult Chlamys farreri, the high 5cm of its shell about, individual weight 25g about, this experiment is in cigarette
Taiwan Straits domain was terminated from mid-October, 2015, in mid-October, 2016, lasted the observation of 1 year.
Experimentation is as follows:
In the aquafarm environment of 20 meters of deep-seas domain, choose three kinds of different scallop culture modes as experimental group: experiment
Scallop bottom in group (1) is sowed at and is cultivated on the reefs of seabed；Scallop in experimental group (2) is using traditional raft culture；Experiment
Scallop in group (3) adopts the scallop parent breeding device cultivation of the present invention.
Every group sets 3 Duplicate Samples respectively, and wherein (2nd) and (3rd) experimental group relates separately to three well rope ropes, on every well rope rope
Bolt hangs 10 scallop cages, and each cage has 10 layers, every layer of 20 scallop.Experimental group (1) bottom is sowed at the scallop on the reefs of seabed
Quantity with (2nd) and (3) experimental group scallop quantity all same.
Monthly randomization measures scallop weight, survives number of individuals etc., the damaged degree of periodic observation scallop cage
And surface attachments situation；Calculate the scallop growth rate after whole 1 year and survival rate.
Experimental result is shown in Table 1:
Scallop growth under table 1, different breeding mode and survival rate situation
Can draw from upper table, in the case of the scallop quantity identical put in a suitable place to breed, using different breeding way, test
The survival rate highest of group (3) is although the speed of growth of experimental group (1) is slightly above experimental group (3), but is far below in survival rate
Experimental group (3), this is because experimental group (1) is fully exposed in the growing environment being coexisted with natural enemy, does not have any safeguard procedures,
Although fast growth, survival rate is not high.The breeding way of experimental group (2), growth rate and survival rate relative experimental group
(3) all general.It can thus be seen that the scallop parent breeding device of the present invention improves the breeding environment of scallop, both ensure that
The speed of growth in turn ensure that the survival rate in later stage, attacks from natural enemy, it then follows the mode of natural, ecological is bred.
Experiment two: compare scallop growth and survival rate situation during cage distance from bottom seabed different distance
In this experimental group, adopt and experimental group one identical scallop parent and identical marine site, choose adult comb hole
Scallop, the high 5cm of its shell, individual weight 25g, this experiment in Yantai marine site from mid-October, 2015,2016
Mid-October terminates, and lasts the observation of 1 year.
Experimentation is as follows:
Scallop parent breeding device is arranged on 20 meters of deep-seas of aquafarm domain and carries out contrast experiment, with cage distance from bottom
The distance in seabed is parameter, setting distance respectively 0m, 2m, 4m, 6m totally 4 experimental grouies, and each experimental group does 3 parallel groups.
Each cage has 10 layers, every layer of 20 scallop.
Monthly randomization measures scallop weight, survives number of individuals etc., the damaged degree of periodic observation scallop cage
And surface attachments situation；Calculate the scallop growth rate after whole 1 year and survival rate.
Experimental result is shown in Table 2:
Scallop growth when table 2, cage distance from bottom seabed different distance and survival rate situation
Can draw from upper table, in the case of the scallop quantity identical put in a suitable place to breed, in 20 meters of deep marine sites, cage bottom
The distance apart from seabed for the portion is different, and scallop shows different growth conditions, and cage facility also presents different degrees of breakage.
With cage bottom away from seabed, the scallop growth rate in cage and survival rate step up, the breakage of scallop culture cage
Degree is gradually lowered, optimal with the distance of 4-6m, and the probability that scallop meets with natural enemy predation greatly reduces, and is conducive to scallop hanging
Breeding in cage.
By can be seen that advantage in cultured scallop for the scallop parent breeding device in the present invention above, for ability
It is clear that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment for field technique personnel, and in the essence without departing substantially from the present invention
In the case of god or basic feature, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from the point of view of which point, all
Embodiment should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention by claims rather than on
State bright restriction, it is intended that all changes in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim that fall are included at this
Bright interior.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, not each embodiment comprises
One independent technical scheme, only for clarity, those skilled in the art should be by for this narrating mode of description
As an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also be through appropriately combined, and forming those skilled in the art can for description
With the other embodiment understanding.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: the instruction ball float that includes being located above sea level, solid
The big well rope of cultivation being scheduled in marine site, the cage being suspended on the big well rope of cultivation, the ball float being located in marine site, wherein cultivate and divide on big well rope
Be furnished with multiple withhold, withhold top by hawser connect ball float, withhold lower section bolt hang cage, cultivation big well rope two ends lead to respectively
Cross spud pile and be fixed on seabed, pass through hawser bolt in the center cultivating big well rope and hang instruction ball float, to cultivate the center of big well rope
On the basis of point, in the cultivation ball float of great Geng center both sides, cage, withhold all symmetrically states.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: cultivate big well rope in
Heart both sides, ball float, the distribution withheld all present gets over low tendency the closer to central bolt extension density.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: cultivate big well rope two
Withholding and fixing the distance between pile foundation position of end is 10-12m.
4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: cage distance from bottom sea
The distance at bottom is 4-6m.
5. as claimed in claim 4 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: described ball float be can rush
Pressure pe ball float.
6. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: spud pile be located at 10-
In the deep marine site of 30m.
7. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that: spud pile be stub knot
Structure, the vertical position of spud pile is king pile, side stake is distributed with, is formed obliquely between the stake of described side and king pile around king pile
Angle.
8. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that described scallop parent is raised
Educate device also to include observing the camera head of scallop growth positioned at seabed.
9. a kind of construction method of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device is it is characterised in that specified sea areas in aquafarm
Interior setting breeding device come to raise scallop parent it is ensured that its not by Carnis Rapanae thomasianae, seastars natural enemy prey on so as under natural environment expand
Numerous filial generation, ensures relatively stable, the concrete construction method of scallop parent breeding device being grown on scallop colony on the reefs of seabed
Using following steps:
Step 1, in selected aquafarm, determine current direction, so that the direction of scallop parent breeding device is hung down with current direction
Directly, determine the installation stake position of spud pile, squeeze into seabed with piling machine by being fixed with the timber cultivating big well rope；
Step 2, withholding beginning at 10 meters of the fixing pile foundation position at two ends, require cultivating hanging of big well rope respectively according to raising
Buckle bolt and hang ball float and cage, and hang instruction ball float in the center bolt cultivating big well rope, instruction ball float is bubbled through the water column；
Step 3, scallop parent is placed in cage is cultivated, the increase of the growth with scallop and cage aufwuch,
By the observation of situation that instruction ball float on sea is risen and fallen, increase ball float quantity on cultivating big well rope and be adjusted；
Step 4, underwater camera device is periodically utilized to observe scallop growing state.
10. as claimed in claim 9 a kind of construction method of aquafarm scallop parent breeding device it is characterised in that:
In step 2, the bolt of ball float and cage hangs respectively symmetrically state on the basis of the center cultivating big well rope, the closer in
Heart point, the bolt extension density of ball float and cage is lower.
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| CN201611089637.8A CN106359213A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Scallop parent breeding device for marine ranch and construction method thereof |
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| CN113100132A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-13 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院 | Method for designing sinking-floating type shellfish bed based on mussel population growth model |
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Application publication date: 20170201 |