CN106357221B - Control and detection compression of electronic pulse device based on THz wave - Google Patents
Control and detection compression of electronic pulse device based on THz wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN106357221B CN106357221B CN201610849256.9A CN201610849256A CN106357221B CN 106357221 B CN106357221 B CN 106357221B CN 201610849256 A CN201610849256 A CN 201610849256A CN 106357221 B CN106357221 B CN 106357221B
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- thz wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B17/00—Generation of oscillations using radiation source and detector, e.g. with interposed variable obturator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/02—Measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time or duration
- G01R29/023—Measuring pulse width
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of controls based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device, a branch of by terahertz sources source after a branch of ultrashort pulse beam splitting, generate THz wave；Another beam is incident on electron source after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal, generate electronic impulse, on THz wave co-incident to butterfly metal resonators after electronic impulse and convergence, in metal flat compression of electronic pulse temporal width and bar detection is carried out using Terahertz electric field.Device is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish.For current electronic impulse compression method and technology, since Terahertz controls field source and electronic impulse generating source from the same ultrafast laser, the time synchronization result of available almost Perfect, to provide the performance for being inherently more than the synchronous performance of microwave laser, locking electronics is not needed.Whole system device also has shake small, and compression multiplying power is high, is easy to the advantages that emulating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic impulse control and measuring technique, in particular to a kind of control pressure based on THz wave
Contracting and detection electronic impulse pulsewidth device.
Background technique
Nowadays, by electronic impulse regulate and control based on ultrafast diagnostic tool, played in time resolution ultrafast phenomena research
Very important effect.It under normal circumstances,, can not due to dispersion after electronic impulse acceleration even if without any space charge
There is the pulse broadening in a time domain with avoiding.Therefore, in order to reach the diffraction of phonon or electronic time scale, electronic impulse pressure
Contracting is essential.In addition, realizing that the compression of electronic impulse in the time domain is also to improve streak camera, ultrafast electronic diffraction instrument
Etc. the key of ultrafast detecting instrument time resolution.
The approach for the ultrashort electronic impulse of generation studied at present is divided into two kinds: one is utilization electric fields or magnetic field to electronics
Burst length domain or spatial domain in modulation, such as using new structural optical electron rifle design, or introduce electronic impulse exhibition
Width inhibits electrode etc.；Another kind is to carry out differentiated transient state modulation to electronics, and using by force using transient state modulation type electric field
Laser field isolates Ah's second-time electronic impulse to the matter kinetics function of electronic impulse from electronic impulse to be modulated, with
Achieve the purpose that time domain data compression electronic impulse.
But these methods or because of expensive price, or because precision requirement is excessively high, or because not being able to satisfy image converter tube striped phase
Machine, the related request of the ultrafast diagnosis research application field such as ultrafast electronic diffraction instrument and have some limitations.For example, utilizing
Electric field and magnetic field belong to stilling the theatre modulation to the modulation of electronic impulse pulsewidth, have relatively high stability and ease for operation, but
Due to its be mostly indifference modulation, electronic impulse Pulse Compression it is relatively inefficient, it is difficult to meet high-resolution streak camera
Etc. the application requirement of ultrafast diagnostic device；In contrast, when being belonged to using transient state modulated electric fields to the modulation of electronic impulse pulsewidth
Variable field modulation, this method are targetedly to act on space charge, thus have very high compression efficiency, are suitable for a variety of
Field.In addition, the Efficient Compression of electronic impulse also provides Research Thinking for frontiers such as pumping-detection electronic diffraction imagings,
But at present due to technology, device etc. is limited, and stability is insufficient, and operational feasibility is poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the stability of current full photocontrol and ultrafast electronic impulse is poor, to the pulsewidth pressure of electronic impulse
The problem of contracting ability is inadequate, cannot reach practical application and test request proposes a kind of control and inspection based on THz wave
Measured compressed electronic impulse pulsewidth device realizes that THz electric field examines the compression of electronic impulse and striped using microstructure resonance chamber
Survey effect.Device is simple, and operation is easy, applied widely.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of control and detection compression of electronic pulse device based on THz wave,
Including laser light source, the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, THz wave emission system, high resistant silicon wafer, the first Postponement module, electronic impulse inspection
Examining system, the first butterfly metal resonators, THz wave high reflection microscope group punch off axis paraboloidal mirror, and secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency is brilliant
Body reflects microscope group, the second Postponement module, electron source, Terahertz lens, the second butterfly metal resonators, removable 4th reflection
Mirror and electronic impulse application system, the ultra-short pulse laser exported from laser light source is by the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, transmissive portion
Into THz wave emission system, the THz wave of collimation is exported, through high resistant silicon wafer beam splitting, hereby wave passes through the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
It is focused in the second butterfly metal resonators after crossing Terahertz lens, another beam transmission THz wave passes through THz wave high reflection
Microscope group and the first Postponement module, then focused in the first butterfly metal resonators by punching off axis paraboloidal mirror；By first
The ultrashort laser pulse of another beam reflection of monochromatic beam splitting chip by after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal by reflecting microscope group and second
Postponement module enters electron source, so that electronic impulse is generated, generated electronic impulse and the Terahertz by Terahertz lens
Wave is converged to jointly in the second butterfly metal resonators, and THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to generate resonance, resonance
The force component changed over time is provided, electron beam is oriented parallel to, the rising edge and failing edge of compression of electronic pulse obtain pulsewidth
The electronic impulse to narrow, output enter electronic impulse application system；
Compressed electronic impulse is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror by removable 4th reflecting mirror and passes through first
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of Postponement module converges at the first butterfly metal resonators, and the first butterfly metal resonators are placed vertical
In direction of beam propagation, THz wave excites the first butterfly metal resonators to generate resonance, generates the component of lateral time shaft, makees
Enter electronic impulse detection system for compressed electronic impulse, compressed electronic impulse is detected.
The first butterfly metal resonators and the second butterfly metal resonators are to have butterfly-like shape in metal aluminum foil substrate
Micro- geometry array metal resonators, metal resonators integral thickness be 30 μm, butterfly-like shape structural thickness be 70nm.
The first THz wave high reflection mirror, used in the second THz wave high reflection mirror and the first Postponement module too
Its surface of Hertz wave high reflection mirror is coated with gold or silver or aluminum metal film.
The secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal selection has the nonlinear optical crystal of frequency-doubled effect.
The Terahertz lens select any one in polymethylpentene lens, special teflon lens and high resistant silicon lens.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is based on the controls of THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse dress
It sets, device is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish.For current electronic impulse compression method and technology, due to terahertz
Field source and electronic impulse generating source are hereby controlled from the same ultrafast laser, the time synchronization knot of available almost Perfect
Fruit does not need locking electronics so that providing inherently is more than the synchronous performance showed of microwave laser.Whole system device is also
Small with shaking, compression multiplying power is high, is easy to the advantages that emulating.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the controls of THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse Installation practice one to illustrate
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the controls of THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse Installation practice two to illustrate
Figure；
Fig. 3 is butterfly metal resonators front view in apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is a branch of by terahertz sources source after a branch of ultrashort pulse beam splitting, generate THz wave；Another beam passes through
It is incident on electron source after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal, generates electronic impulse, electronic impulse and the THz wave after assembling are common
It is incident in butterfly metal resonators, in metal flat compression of electronic pulse temporal width and carries out item using Terahertz electric field
Line detection.It is available almost complete since Terahertz control field source and electronic impulse generating source are from the same ultrafast laser
The time synchronization of beauty does not need locking electronics as a result, to provide the performance for being inherently more than the synchronous performance of microwave laser.
It is as shown in Figure 1 control and the detection signal of compression of electronic pulse Installation practice one based on THz wave
Figure, uses the full width at half maximum of electron source launching electronics pulse for 930fs, implementation.Device is monochromatic by laser light source 1, first
Beam splitting chip 2, THz wave emission system 3, high resistant silicon wafer 4, the first Postponement module 5, electronic impulse detection system 6, the first butterfly
Metal resonators 7, the first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9, punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10, two
Subharmonic frequency-doubling crystal 11, the first reflecting mirror 12, the second reflecting mirror 13, third reflecting mirror 14, the second Postponement module 15, electron source
16-1, Terahertz lens 17, the second butterfly metal resonators 18 move the 4th reflecting mirror 19, electronic impulse application system 20
Composition.The ultra-short pulse laser exported from laser light source 1 enters THz wave hair by the first monochromatic beam splitting chip 2, transmissive portion
System 3 is penetrated, the THz wave of collimation is exported, through 4 beam splitting of high resistant silicon wafer, hereby wave passes through Terahertz lens to the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
Focused on after 17 in second butterfly metal resonators 18, another beam transmission THz wave by THz wave high reflection microscope group (8,
9) it and the first Postponement module 5, then by punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 focuses in the first butterfly metal resonators 7.By
The ultrashort laser pulse of another beam reflection of one monochromatic beam splitting chip 2 by after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11 by reflecting microscope group
(12,13,14) and the second Postponement module 15 enter electron source 16-1, to generate electronic impulse, electronic impulse at this time is not by too
The compression of hertz field, full width at half maximum are common up to 930fs, generated electronic impulse and by the THz wave of Terahertz lens 17
It converges in the second butterfly metal resonators 18, it is humorous with the second butterfly metal that electronic impulse and THz wave spread into direction
Device shake into 45 degree of angles.THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to generate resonance, and resonance provides the power point changed over time
Amount, is oriented parallel to electron beam, can effectively distinguish the rising edge and failing edge of compression of electronic pulse, obtain the electricity that pulsewidth narrows
Subpulse, compressed pulse are then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 by removable 4th reflecting mirror 19 moved down and pass through
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of first Postponement module 5 converges at the first butterfly metal resonators 7, the first butterfly metal resonators 7
It places perpendicular to direction of beam propagation, similarly, THz wave excites the first butterfly metal resonators 7 to generate resonance, generates laterally
The component of time shaft acts on compressed electronic impulse to enter electronic impulse detection system 6, carries out bar detection, electricity
The detection of subpulse detection system 6 obtains the information such as electronic impulse resolution ratio.After detection meets the requirements, by removable 4th reflecting mirror
19 move up, and the electronic impulse for meeting compression requirement is made to be directly entered electronic impulse application system from the second butterfly metal resonators 18
20.In this device, the full width at half maximum for the most short pulse that pinch effect obtains can reach 75fs, 12 times smaller than script 930fs, even
It will be small than the half period of basic phonon and molecular vibration.With very high application value.
Control and detection the compression of electronic pulse device embodiment two based on THz wave is illustrated in figure 2 to illustrate
Figure uses high-quality electron beam of the pulse duration lower than 100fs to reduce emulation and experimental result in the striped stage goodness of fit
Slightly worse problem.If being 100fs(photon emitted energy with the full width at half maximum of a smaller electron source launching electronics pulse
100fs electron source can be achieved on if matching with work function), implementation.Device is by laser light source 1, the first monochrome point
Beam piece 2, THz wave emission system 3, high resistant silicon wafer 4, the first Postponement module 5, electronic impulse detection system 6, the first butterfly gold
Belong to resonator 7, the first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9 punches off axis paraboloidal mirror 10, secondary
Harmonic wave frequency-doubling crystal 11, the first reflecting mirror 12, the second reflecting mirror 13, third reflecting mirror 14, the second Postponement module 15, electron source
16-2, Terahertz lens 17, the second butterfly metal resonators 18 move the 4th reflecting mirror 19, electronic impulse application system 20
Composition.The ultra-short pulse laser exported from laser light source 1 enters THz wave and emits by the first monochromatic beam splitting chip 2, a part
System 3 exports the THz wave of collimation, and through 4 beam splitting of high resistant silicon wafer, hereby wave passes through Terahertz lens 17 to the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
After focus in the second butterfly metal resonators 18, another beam transmission THz wave passes through THz wave high reflection microscope group (8,9)
With the first Postponement module 5, then by punch off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 focus in the first butterfly metal resonators 7.By first
Monochromatic beam splitting chip 2 another beam reflection ultrashort laser pulse after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11 through reflection microscope group (12,13,
14) and the second Postponement module 15 enters electron source 16-2, to generate electronic impulse, electronic impulse at this time is not by THz electric field pressure
Contracting, full width at half maximum 100fs, generated electronic impulse and the THz wave for passing through Terahertz lens 17 converge to second jointly
In butterfly metal resonators 18.THz wave excites resonator to generate resonance, provides the force component changed over time, direction is parallel
In electron beam, it can effectively distinguish the rising edge and failing edge of compression of electronic pulse, obtain the electronic impulse that pulsewidth narrows, compression
Pulse afterwards is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 by removable 4th reflecting mirror 19 moved down and passes through the first delay mould
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of block 5 converges at the first butterfly metal resonators 7, and similarly, THz wave excites resonator to generate altogether
Vibration generates the component of lateral time shaft, acts on compressed electronic impulse to enter electronic impulse detection system 6, electronics
Pulse detection system 6 detects the information such as the obtained resolution ratio of electronic impulse.After detection meets the requirements, by removable 4th reflection
Mirror 19 moves up, and the electronic impulse for meeting compression requirement is made to be directly entered electronic impulse application system from the second butterfly metal resonators 18
System 20.In this scheme, the full width at half maximum for the most short pulse that pinch effect obtains can reach 3fs, this will be that single electron is used than at present
The smaller order of magnitude of 28fs pulsewidth that method generates, it would be possible to be applied to pumping-detection electronic diffraction and imaging etc..With wide
Wealthy application prospect.
The THz wave emission system 3 can choose and generate THz wave, such as gas plasma using nonlinear effect
Body radiates THz wave；Or THz wave is generated using optical rectification principle, as lithium columbate crystal radiates THz wave；Or photoconduction
Antenna generates THz wave, such as prepares photoconductive antenna radiation THz wave with the GaAs of low-temperature epitaxy.
Used in the first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9 and the first Postponement module 5
Its surface of THz wave high reflection mirror be coated with gold silver or aluminum metal film.
The first butterfly metal resonators 7 and the second butterfly metal resonators 18 are to have butterfly shape in metal aluminum foil substrate
The metal resonators of micro- geometry array of shape, as shown in figure 3, metal resonators integral thickness is about 30 μm, microcosmic butterfly
Shape and structure thickness is about 70nm, is realized using techniques such as photoetching.Metal aluminum foil is used as the reflecting mirror of THz wave, through gold
The electronics for belonging to aluminium foil encounters the unexpected delustring of electromagnetic field, it may occur that net deflection.Metal aluminum foil and incident THz wave, electron beam group
The selection of close angle degree depends on time dependent longitudinally, laterally deflection and requires.
The nonlinear optical crystal with frequency-doubled effect, such as lithium niobate crystal may be selected in the secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11
Body, BBO Crystal, lithium triborate crystal etc..
The Terahertz lens 17 can be polymethylpentene (TPX) lens, special teflon lens, high resistant silicon lens etc..
Claims (5)
1. a kind of control and detection compression of electronic pulse device based on THz wave, which is characterized in that including laser light
Source, the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, THz wave emission system, high resistant silicon wafer, the first Postponement module, electronic impulse detection system, the
One butterfly metal resonators, THz wave high reflection microscope group punch off axis paraboloidal mirror, secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal, reflecting mirror
Group, the second Postponement module, electron source, Terahertz lens, the second butterfly metal resonators move the 4th reflecting mirror and electronics arteries and veins
Application system is rushed, the ultra-short pulse laser exported from laser light source enters Terahertz by the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, transmissive portion
Wave emission system exports the THz wave of collimation, and through high resistant silicon wafer beam splitting, hereby wave is saturating by Terahertz for the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
It is focused on after mirror in the second butterfly metal resonators, another beam transmission THz wave passes through THz wave high reflection microscope group and first
Postponement module, then focused in the first butterfly metal resonators by punching off axis paraboloidal mirror；By the first monochromatic beam splitting chip
The reflection of another beam ultrashort laser pulse by after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal by reflection microscope group and the second Postponement module into
Enter electron source, to generate electronic impulse, generated electronic impulse is assembled jointly with by the THz wave of Terahertz lens
Onto the second butterfly metal resonators, THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to generate resonance, and resonance provides at any time
The force component of variation, is oriented parallel to electron beam, and the rising edge and failing edge of compression of electronic pulse obtain the electronics that pulsewidth narrows
Pulse, output enter electronic impulse application system；
Compressed electronic impulse is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror by removable 4th reflecting mirror and passes through the first delay
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of module converges at the first butterfly metal resonators, and the first butterfly metal resonators are placed perpendicular to light
The beam direction of propagation, THz wave excite the first butterfly metal resonators to generate resonance, generate the component of lateral time shaft, act on
Compressed electronic impulse enters electronic impulse detection system, detects to compressed electronic impulse.
2. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device, feature exist according to claim 1
In the first butterfly metal resonators and the second butterfly metal resonators are to have the micro- several of butterfly-like shape in metal aluminum foil substrate
The metal resonators of what array of structures, metal resonators integral thickness are 30 μm, and butterfly-like shape structural thickness is 70nm.
3. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device, feature exist according to claim 1
In, its surface of THz wave high reflection mirror used in the THz wave high reflection microscope group and the first Postponement module be coated with gold or
Silver or aluminum metal film.
4. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device, feature exist according to claim 1
In the secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal selection has the nonlinear optical crystal of frequency-doubled effect.
5. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device, feature exist according to claim 1
In the Terahertz lens select any one in polymethylpentene lens, special teflon lens and high resistant silicon lens.
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| US20090066948A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Hydroelectron Ventures, Inc. | Compact Terahertz Spectrometer Using Optical Beam Recycling and Heterodyne Detection |
| CN104112975A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-22 | 杜海伟 | Method for enhancing terahertz wave pulses generated by effect between femtosecond laser pulses and gas atoms |
| CN105866061A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 上海理工大学 | A differential pulse detecting apparatus for terahertz wave time domain information and a differential pulse detecting method |
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| US20090066948A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Hydroelectron Ventures, Inc. | Compact Terahertz Spectrometer Using Optical Beam Recycling and Heterodyne Detection |
| CN104112975A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-22 | 杜海伟 | Method for enhancing terahertz wave pulses generated by effect between femtosecond laser pulses and gas atoms |
| CN105866061A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 上海理工大学 | A differential pulse detecting apparatus for terahertz wave time domain information and a differential pulse detecting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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