CN106357221A - Device for controlling and detecting compressed pulse widths of electronic pulses based on terahertz waves - Google Patents
Device for controlling and detecting compressed pulse widths of electronic pulses based on terahertz waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN106357221A CN106357221A CN201610849256.9A CN201610849256A CN106357221A CN 106357221 A CN106357221 A CN 106357221A CN 201610849256 A CN201610849256 A CN 201610849256A CN 106357221 A CN106357221 A CN 106357221A
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- thz wave
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- terahertz
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- metal resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B17/00—Generation of oscillations using radiation source and detector, e.g. with interposed variable obturator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/02—Measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time or duration
- G01R29/023—Measuring pulse width
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for controlling and detecting compressed pulse widths of electronic pulses based on terahertz waves. The device is characterized in that after one beam of ultrahigh-speed laser pulse is split, one beam passes through a terahertz emitting source to generate terahertz waves; the other beam passes through a secondary harmonic frequency doubling crystal and enters an electronic source to generate electronic pulses; the electronic pulses and the converged terahertz waves enter a disk-shaped metal harmonic oscillator together; the time-domain widths of the electronic pulses are compressed and stripe detection is performed on a metal plane by using a terahertz electric field. The device is simple, is convenient to operate, and is easy to implement. Compared with the conventional electronic pulse compression method and technology, the device has the characteristics that a terahertz control field source and an electronic pulse generating source come from the same ultrahigh-speed laser light, and a nearly perfect time synchronization result can be obtained, so that performance substantially exceeding microwave laser synchronization presentation is provided, and electrons do not need to be locked. The whole system device further has the advantages of low vibration, high compression rate, easiness in simulation and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic impulse control and e measurement technology, particularly to a kind of control pressure based on THz wave
Contracting and detection electronic impulse pulsewidth device.
Background technology
Nowadays, the ultrafast diagnostic tool based on electronic impulse regulation and control, plays in time resolution ultrafast phenomena research
Very important effect.Generally, even if there is no any space charge, due to dispersion after electronic impulse acceleration, can not
There is the pulse stretching in a time domain with avoiding.Therefore, in order to reach the diffraction of phonon or electronic time yardstick, electronic impulse pressure
Contracting is requisite.Additionally, realizing compression in time domain for the electronic impulse is also to improve streak camera, ultrafast electronic diffraction instrument
Key etc. ultrafast detecting instrument time resolution.
The approach of the ultrashort electronic impulse of generation studied at present is divided into two kinds: one kind is to electronics using electric field or magnetic field
Modulation in burst length domain or spatial domain, such as using the design of the optical electron rifle of new structure, or introduces electronic impulse exhibition
Wide suppression electrode etc.；Another kind is using transient state modulation type electric field, carries out differentiated transient state modulation to electronics, and using strong
Laser field isolates Ah's second-time electronic impulse to the matter kinetics function of electronic impulse from electronic impulse to be modulated, with
Reach the purpose of time domain data compression electronic impulse.
But these methods or because of expensive price, or because precision requirement is too high, or because image converter tube striped phase can not be met
Machine, the related request of the ultrafast diagnosis research application such as ultrafast electronic diffraction instrument and have some limitations.For example, utilize
Electric field and magnetic field belong to stilling the theatre modulation to the modulation of electronic impulse pulsewidth, have of a relatively high stability and ease for operation, but
Due to its mostly be indifference modulation, electronic impulse Pulse Compression relatively inefficient it is difficult to meet high-resolution streak camera
Application requirement etc. ultrafast diagnostic device；By contrast, when the modulation of electronic impulse pulsewidth being belonged to using transient state modulated electric fields
Variable field is modulated, and this method is that space charge is targetedly acted on, thus has very high compression efficiency it is adaptable to multiple
Field.Additionally, the Efficient Compression of electronic impulse also provides Research Thinking for frontiers such as pumping-detection electronic diffraction imagings,
But at present due to technology, device etc. is limited, and stability is not enough, and operational feasibility is poor.
Content of the invention
The present invention be directed to the stability of full photocontrol and ultrafast electronic impulse is poor at present, the pulsewidth pressure to electronic impulse
Contracting ability is not it is impossible to the problem of practical application and test request that reaches is it is proposed that a kind of control based on THz wave and inspection
Measured compressed electronic impulse pulsewidth device, is realized THz electric field and the compression of electronic impulse and striped is examined using microstructure resonance chamber
Survey acts on.Device is simple, and processing ease is applied widely.
The technical scheme is that a kind of control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device,
Including LASER Light Source, the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, THz wave emission system, high resistant silicon chip, the first Postponement module, electronic impulse is examined
Examining system, the first butterfly metal resonators, THz wave high reflection microscope group, punch off axis paraboloidal mirror, and secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency is brilliant
Body, speculum group, the second Postponement module, electron source, Terahertz lens, the second butterfly metal resonators, may move the 4th reflection
Mirror and electronic impulse application system, from the ultra-short pulse laser of LASER Light Source output through the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, transmissive portion
Enter THz wave emission system, the THz wave of output collimation, through high resistant silicon chip beam splitting, the hereby ripple warp of the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
Focus in the second butterfly metal resonators after crossing Terahertz lens, another bundle transmission THz wave is through THz wave high reflection
Microscope group and the first Postponement module, then focused in the first butterfly metal resonators by the off axis paraboloidal mirror that punches；Through first
The ultrashort laser pulse of another bundle reflection of monochromatic beam splitting chip is after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal through speculum group and second
Postponement module enter electron source, thus producing electronic impulse, produced electronic impulse with through Terahertz lens Terahertz
Ripple converges in the second butterfly metal resonators jointly, and THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to produce resonance, resonance
Time dependent force component is provided, is oriented parallel to electron beam, the rising edge of compression of electronic pulse and trailing edge, obtain pulsewidth
The electronic impulse narrowing, output enters electronic impulse application system；
Electronic impulse after compression is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror through removable 4th reflecting mirror and postpones with through first
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of module converges at the first butterfly metal resonators, and the first butterfly metal resonators are placed perpendicular to light
The bundle direction of propagation, THz wave excites the first butterfly metal resonators to produce resonance, produces the component of horizontal time shafts, acts on
Electronic impulse after compression enters electronic impulse detecting system, and the electronic impulse after compression is detected.
Described first butterfly metal resonators and the second butterfly metal resonators are to have butterfly-like shape in metal aluminum foil substrate
Micro- geometry array metal resonators, metal resonators integral thickness be 30 μm, butterfly-like shape structural thickness be 70nm.
Described first THz wave high reflection mirror, used by the second THz wave high reflection mirror and the first Postponement module too
Its surface of Hertz wave high reflection mirror is coated with gold or silver or aluminum metal film.
Described secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal selects the nonlinear optical crystal with frequency-doubled effect.
Described Terahertz lens select any one in polymethylpentene lens, Te Fulong lens and high resistant silicon lens.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the control based on THz wave for the present invention and detection compression of electronic pulse dress
Put, device is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish.For current electronic impulse compression method and technology, due to terahertz
Hereby control field source and electronic impulse generating source to come from same ultrafast laser, the time synchronized knot of almost Perfect can be obtained
Really, thus providing the performance inherently exceeding microwave laser synchronization performance it is not necessary to lock electronics.Whole system device is also
There is shake little, compression multiplying power high it is easy to the advantages of emulation.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the control based on THz wave for the present invention and detection compression of electronic pulse device embodiment one is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the control based on THz wave for the present invention and detection compression of electronic pulse device embodiment two schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is butterfly metal resonators front view in apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
After a branch of ultrashort pulse beam splitting, a branch of by terahertz sources source, produce THz wave；Another bundle passes through
It is incident on after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal on electron source, produces electronic impulse, electronic impulse is common with the THz wave after convergence
Incide in butterfly metal resonators, in metal flat compression of electronic pulse temporal width and carry out bar using Terahertz electric field
Stricture of vagina detects.Because Terahertz controls field source and electronic impulse generating source to come from same ultrafast laser, can obtain almost complete
Beautiful time synchronized result, thus provide the performance inherently exceeding microwave laser synchronization performance it is not necessary to lock electronics.
It is illustrated in figure 1 the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device embodiment one signal
Figure, the full width at half maximum using electron source launching electronics pulse is 930fs, implementation., by LASER Light Source 1, first is monochromatic for device
Beam splitting chip 2, THz wave emission system 3, high resistant silicon chip 4, the first Postponement module 5, electronic impulse detecting system 6, the first butterfly
Metal resonators 7, the first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9, punch off axis paraboloidal mirror 10, and two
Subharmonic frequency-doubling crystal 11, the first reflecting mirror 12, the second reflecting mirror 13, the 3rd reflecting mirror 14, the second Postponement module 15, electron source
16-1, Terahertz lens 17, the second butterfly metal resonators 18, may move the 4th reflecting mirror 19, electronic impulse application system 20
Composition.From the ultra-short pulse laser of LASER Light Source 1 output through the first monochromatic beam splitting chip 2, transmissive portion enters THz wave and sends out
Penetrate system 3, the THz wave of output collimation, through high resistant silicon chip 4 beam splitting, the reflected terahertz after beam splitting hereby ripple through Terahertz lens
Focus in the second butterfly metal resonators 18 after 17, another bundle transmission THz wave through THz wave high reflection microscope group (8,
9) and the first Postponement module 5, then focused in the first butterfly metal resonators 7 by the off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 that punches.Through
The ultrashort laser pulse of another bundle reflection of one monochromatic beam splitting chip 2 is passed through after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11 through speculum group
(12,13,14) and the second Postponement module 15 enter electron source 16-1, thus producing electronic impulse, now electronic impulse is not by too
The compression of hertz field, up to 930fs, produced electronic impulse is common with the THz wave through Terahertz lens 17 for full width at half maximum
Converge in the second butterfly metal resonators 18, it is all humorous with the second butterfly metal that electronic impulse and THz wave spread into direction
The device that shakes becomes 45 degree of angles.THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to produce resonance, and resonance provides time dependent power to divide
Amount, is oriented parallel to electron beam, can effectively distinguish rising edge and the trailing edge of compression of electronic pulse, obtains the electricity that pulsewidth narrows
Subpulse, the pulse after compression is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 through removable 4th reflecting mirror 19 moving down and passes through
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of the first Postponement module 5 converges at the first butterfly metal resonators 7, the first butterfly metal resonators 7
Place perpendicular to direction of beam propagation, in the same manner, THz wave excites the first butterfly metal resonators 7 to produce resonance, produces laterally
The component of time shafts, acting on the electronic impulse after compression to enter electronic impulse detecting system 6, carrying out bar detection, electricity
Subpulse detecting system 6 detection obtains the information such as electronic impulse resolution.After detection meets the requirements, the 4th reflecting mirror will be may move
Move on 19, make satisfaction compress the electronic impulse requiring and be directly entered electronic impulse application system from the second butterfly metal resonators 18
20.In this device, the full width at half maximum of the short pulse that pinch effect obtains can reach 75fs, less 12 times than script 930fs, or even
Will be little than the half period of basic phonon and molecular vibration.There is very high using value.
It is illustrated in figure 2 the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device embodiment two signal
Figure, adopts the pulse duration to be less than the high-quality electron beam of 100fs to reduce emulation with experimental result in the striped stage goodness of fit
Slightly worse problem.If i.e. the full width at half maximum with a less electron source launching electronics pulse is 100fs(photon emitted energy
If mating with work function, 100fs electron source can be achieved on), implementation.Device is by LASER Light Source 1, the first monochrome point
Bundle piece 2, THz wave emission system 3, high resistant silicon chip 4, the first Postponement module 5, electronic impulse detecting system 6, the first butterfly gold
Belong to resonator 7, the first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9, punch off axis paraboloidal mirror 10, secondary
Harmonic wave frequency-doubling crystal 11, the first reflecting mirror 12, the second reflecting mirror 13, the 3rd reflecting mirror 14, the second Postponement module 15, electron source
16-2, Terahertz lens 17, the second butterfly metal resonators 18, may move the 4th reflecting mirror 19, electronic impulse application system 20
Composition.From the ultra-short pulse laser of LASER Light Source 1 output through the first monochromatic beam splitting chip 2, it is partly into THz wave transmitting
System 3, output collimation THz wave, through high resistant silicon chip 4 beam splitting, the reflected terahertz after beam splitting hereby ripple through Terahertz lens 17
After focus in the second butterfly metal resonators 18, another bundle transmission THz wave through THz wave high reflection microscope group (8,9)
With the first Postponement module 5, then by punch off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 focus in the first butterfly metal resonators 7.Through first
Another bundle reflection ultrashort laser pulse of monochromatic beam splitting chip 2 after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11 through speculum group (12,13,
14) and the second Postponement module 15 enters electron source 16-2, thus producing electronic impulse, now electronic impulse is not by THz electric field pressure
Contracting, full width at half maximum is 100fs, and produced electronic impulse converges to second jointly with the THz wave through Terahertz lens 17
In butterfly metal resonators 18.THz wave excites resonator to produce resonance, provides time dependent force component, direction is parallel
In electron beam, rising edge and the trailing edge of compression of electronic pulse be can effectively distinguish, the electronic impulse that pulsewidth narrows, compression obtained
Pulse afterwards is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror 10 through removable 4th reflecting mirror 19 moving down and postpones mould with through first
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of block 5 converges at the first butterfly metal resonators 7, and in the same manner, THz wave excites resonator to produce altogether
Shaking, produce the component of horizontal time shafts, acting on the electronic impulse after compression to enter electronic impulse detecting system 6, electronics
The information such as the resolution of electronic impulse that pulse detection system 6 detection obtains.After detection meets the requirements, the 4th reflection will be may move
Move on mirror 19, make satisfaction compress the electronic impulse requiring and be directly entered electronic impulse application system from the second butterfly metal resonators 18
System 20.In this scheme, the full width at half maximum of the short pulse that pinch effect obtains can reach 3fs, and this will be to use single electron than at present
The less order of magnitude of 28fs pulsewidth that method produces is it would be possible to be applied to pumping-detection electronic diffraction and imaging etc..Have wide
Wealthy application prospect.
Described THz wave emission system 3, can produce THz wave, such as gas plasma with Selection utilization nonlinear effect
Body radiates THz wave；Or producing THz wave using optical rectification principle, such as lithium columbate crystal radiates THz wave；Or photoconduction
Antenna produces THz wave, such as prepares photoconductive antenna radiation THz wave with the GaAs of low-temperature epitaxy.
Used by described first THz wave high reflection mirror 8, the second THz wave high reflection mirror 9 and the first Postponement module 5
Its surface of THz wave high reflection mirror be coated with gold silver or aluminum metal film.
Described first butterfly metal resonators 7 and the second butterfly metal resonators 18 are to have butterfly shape in metal aluminum foil substrate
The metal resonators of micro- geometry array of shape, as shown in figure 3, metal resonators integral thickness is about 30 μm, microcosmic butterfly
Shape and structure thickness is about 70nm, and the technique such as available photoetching is realized.Metal aluminum foil is used as the reflecting mirror of THz wave, through gold
The electronics belonging to aluminium foil runs into the unexpected delustring of electromagnetic field it may occur that net deflect.Metal aluminum foil and incident THz wave, electron beam group
The selection closing angle depends on time dependent longitudinally, laterally deflection requirement.
Described secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal 11 can be chosen with the nonlinear optical crystal of frequency-doubled effect, such as lithium niobate crystal
Body, BBO Crystal, lithium triborate crystal etc..
Described Terahertz lens 17 can be polymethylpentene (tpx) lens, Te Fulong lens, high resistant silicon lens etc..
Claims (5)
1. a kind of control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device are it is characterised in that include laser light
Source, the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, THz wave emission system, high resistant silicon chip, the first Postponement module, electronic impulse detecting system, the
One butterfly metal resonators, THz wave high reflection microscope group, punch off axis paraboloidal mirror, secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal, reflecting mirror
Group, the second Postponement module, electron source, Terahertz lens, the second butterfly metal resonators, may move the 4th reflecting mirror and electronics arteries and veins
Rush application system, from the ultra-short pulse laser of LASER Light Source output through the first monochromatic beam splitting chip, transmissive portion enters Terahertz
Ripple emission system, the THz wave of output collimation, through high resistant silicon chip beam splitting, hereby ripple is saturating through Terahertz for the reflected terahertz after beam splitting
Focus in the second butterfly metal resonators after mirror, another bundle transmission THz wave is through THz wave high reflection microscope group and first
Postponement module, then focused in the first butterfly metal resonators by the off axis paraboloidal mirror that punches；Through the first monochromatic beam splitting chip
The ultrashort laser pulse of another bundle reflection entered through speculum group and the second Postponement module after secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal
Enter electron source, thus producing electronic impulse, produced electronic impulse is assembled jointly with the THz wave through Terahertz lens
To in the second butterfly metal resonators, THz wave excites the second butterfly metal resonators to produce resonance, and resonance provides in time
The force component of change, is oriented parallel to electron beam, the rising edge of compression of electronic pulse and trailing edge, obtains the electronics that pulsewidth narrows
Pulse, output enters electronic impulse application system；
Electronic impulse after compression is then passed through punching off axis paraboloidal mirror through removable 4th reflecting mirror and postpones with through first
The terahertz pulse normal incidence of module converges at the first butterfly metal resonators, and the first butterfly metal resonators are placed perpendicular to light
The bundle direction of propagation, THz wave excites the first butterfly metal resonators to produce resonance, produces the component of horizontal time shafts, acts on
Electronic impulse after compression enters electronic impulse detecting system, and the electronic impulse after compression is detected.
2. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device according to claim 1, its feature exists
It is to have the micro- several of butterfly-like shape in metal aluminum foil substrate in, described first butterfly metal resonators and the second butterfly metal resonators
The metal resonators of what array of structures, metal resonators integral thickness is 30 μm, and butterfly-like shape structural thickness is 70nm.
3. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, described first THz wave high reflection mirror, the Terahertz used by the second THz wave high reflection mirror and the first Postponement module
Its surface of wave height reflecting mirror is coated with gold or silver or aluminum metal film.
4. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described secondary harmonizing wave multiple frequency crystal selects the nonlinear optical crystal with frequency-doubled effect.
5. the control based on THz wave and detection compression of electronic pulse device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described Terahertz lens select any one in polymethylpentene lens, Te Fulong lens and high resistant silicon lens.
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| CN201610849256.9A CN106357221B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Control and detection compression of electronic pulse device based on THz wave |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112218420A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Full terahertz driven electron beam manipulation and characterization system and method |
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| US20090066948A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Hydroelectron Ventures, Inc. | Compact Terahertz Spectrometer Using Optical Beam Recycling and Heterodyne Detection |
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| CN105866061A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 上海理工大学 | A differential pulse detecting apparatus for terahertz wave time domain information and a differential pulse detecting method |
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| US20090066948A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Hydroelectron Ventures, Inc. | Compact Terahertz Spectrometer Using Optical Beam Recycling and Heterodyne Detection |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112218420A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Full terahertz driven electron beam manipulation and characterization system and method |
| CN112218420B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Full terahertz driven electron beam manipulation and characterization system and method |
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