CN106354891A - Geographic information service inquiring method based on TGIS (temporal geographic information system) - Google Patents
Geographic information service inquiring method based on TGIS (temporal geographic information system) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geographic information service inquiring method based on a TGIS (temporal geographic information system), and belongs to the field of information inquiry. On the basis of a traditional GIS (geographic information system), the time dimension is introduced; the TGIS is built to build the space geographic information of data; the state of a time-space geography entity is described and expressed; the space dynamic motion translation rule is subjected to inversion. The TGIS of a temporal-spatial data model based on base state correction is built; the temporal-spatial positioning data organization, extraction method, spatial models and the like are processed; the temporal-spatial distribution features of data information are enabled to be accurately described in the same geographic space frame, and can be dynamically displayed on a map; mechanism information can dynamically display the sequential order condition of geographic positions along with the time change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to information inquiry field, specifically propose a kind of issuer of the geographic information services based on tgis
Method.
Background technology
Gis: i.e. GIS-Geographic Information System, it is a kind of data management system with information system space specialized form.?
In the sense that strict, this is one and has concentration, the computer system of storage, operation and display geographical reference information.For example,
According to the position in data base, data is identified.Practitioner be generally also considered as whole gis system include operator with
And the data of input system.
Tgis: i.e. tense gis, Temporal Geographic Information System；It is an important branch of gis, be also the inevitable development of gis
Trend.What traditional gis considered is the process of static data, such as: map data, remote sensing imaging etc..And for handled by him
Object, be to change whenever and wherever possible that is to say, that being dynamic spatial data；Will be in the base in original spatial data domain
Time domain is added on plinth so that on the basis of script mass data, increasing in n times, when timeslice very little, n convergence is infinitely great.
GIS-Geographic Information System gis be the data related to geographical space is effectively managed and comprehensive analysis computer
System, an urgent demand a large amount of spatial datas being effectively treated due to modern scientific research and engineer applied, and calculate
Machine technology tell development, the data of real world is not only relevant with space, and relevant with the time.In operational control such as environment
The numerous areas such as monitoring, rescue and relief work, traffic administration, related data change over time and change.
Information query system using tgis technology is to increased time dimension in traditional gis GIS-Geographic Information System, that is,
Tense gis (tgis), the state of description and expression spatio-temporal geographical entity, its Spatial distributions motion transform rule of inverting.Traditional gis
Great majority do not have the temporal dynamic property of processing data, simply describe the instantaneous state of data.If data changes, newly
Data will replace legacy data, another instantaneous state, legacy data will disappear it is impossible to carry out to the more new change of data
Analysis, can not predict the trend in future；Additionally, be continually changing with geography information leading to script information increasing time dimension
Afterwards, become more huge mass data, assume geometric growth, data storage and query aspects for tgis lead to manage
Reason difficulty increases, and what mass data content information was shown simultaneously have impact on Consumer's Experience at ageing aspect.
Carry out three-dimensional display, foundation group loom using tgis with space and two angles of time in GIS-Geographic Information System
Structure information and spatial geographic information, the incidence relation of state evolution information and active service pattern, thus realize change in time and space
Information trace, meet business entity and change the address the application needs of change management, to reappear historic state, to follow the tracks of change and pre-
Survey following target.
Now gis in webpage with the inquiry exhibition method of indication mechanism single-point or multiple spot position, how with the warp based on gis
Based on the static state of latitude positioning, laid out flat form.
First, data base attribute content is carried out hierarchical data to be stored in search unit, the content of storage includes
Essential information and geographical location information；When data is extracted, search can be improved in the range of mass data by search unit
Search efficiency；Secondly, after the completion of, data being extracted, system will carry out the parsing of data content, including address information, administrative area
Draw etc. content；Again, the information content related to address of parsing is carried out particular location as keyword in gis map elements
Extract, on the premise of acquisition accurately geographical longitude and latitude information, positioned one by one in conjunction with multilamellar map；By Orientation on map and data
Attribute other information combines and carries out overview display.Geographical Information locating is mainly adopted single institution or many mechanism position static fixed
The mode of position, or being the positioning address of certain mechanism in the map interface shown, or be multiple mechanisms on map
Many positioning distributions.
The storage of data attribute content and extraction are all based on search unit, the machine that will show in gis map with data
Structure keyword, master data, administrative division and address information, show mechanism information in order to complete, system adopts layer on map
The storage mode of secondary type, i.e. the essential information in mechanism's key word each mechanism's period included below and in the constant feelings of mechanism information
Place administrative division of each period under condition and organization address etc..
Using the cartographic information inquiry mode of gis, system demonstration mechanism change procedure is led to all to adopt static gis displaying side
Formula, only identifies the instantaneous state of certain data message it is impossible to the evolution process of backtracking history each time period is it is impossible to reach dynamically side
Formula answer inquiry in regard to when, where, what kind of cognitive need, lose " real-time " update required by the data trend of the times
Property, can be according to service application characteristic analysis and the geographical information query clothes following the tracks of time dependent space, non-spatial information
Business system.Lack the analysis expression way of time dimension, time, space and attribute data are effectively combined, form behaviour
Oppose and like the overview display of space time information.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at providing a kind of querying method of the geographic information services based on tgis, traditionally
Time dimension is introduced on reason information gis system-based, builds the spatial geographic information that tense gis (tgis) sets up data, description
With the state of expression spatio-temporal geographical entity, its Spatial distributions motion transform rule of inverting.
Technical scheme
A kind of querying method of the geographic information services based on tgis is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1. build tgis geographical information query data information content: include tense status information, spatial signature information and
Attribute character information；
S2. data compilation and tissue that data information content s1 being built is reunified, according to Spatio-temporal Data Modeling
Type carries out data reorganization, time, space and essential information key element is associated in interior data message and arranges；
S3. after the completion of arranging, new data rule and structure are stored；
S4., when utilizing tgis to show mechanism information, data content extraction is carried out according to keywords such as Institution Codes；
S5. the data content that will extract, was combined with gis system according to administrative division, geographical position, time；
S6. the change being occurred by the geographical position that visual mode is dynamically illustrated in different time points mechanism
Journey.
Preferably, the Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial described in s2 is using the Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial based on ground state correction, with space
As its master data storage mode, using geographical feature as basic object, the operation of newer can be based on single data base
Geographical feature and realize.
Preferably, creating the data bases of the different tenses of 2 expression in the space-time database of tgis system: trend of the times storehouse and
History library, each map data mining platform of the up-to-date each geography information of conservation object in trend of the times storehouse here, in the trend of the times storehouse position be in most frequent
The state of operation, it is space and the attribute information of the present tense of operation object, and each tuple in data base is all in sharp
The state of living is data base's current operation object, and each figure layer has one or more versions of data, preserves in history library
History each figure layer change information before；In concordance list when holding structure essential information, ground state information, map data mining platform and mechanism
Between dimension initial and terminate temporal information；In figure layer versions of data, deposit the essential information of each figure layer and latitude and longitude coordinates are believed
Breath；The effect duration information of the data contents such as tile related to geographic element and geographic element is also stored, with it in table structure
The object of association also includes space characteristics, attribute character, temporal feature and change behavior characteristicss.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: introduce time dimension in traditional geography information gis system-based, build tense
Gis (tgis) sets up the spatial geographic information of data, the state of description and expression spatio-temporal geographical entity, and its Spatial distributions of inverting are transported
Dynamic rule of conversion.
Build the tgis of the Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial based on ground state correction, to the data tissue of space-time positioning, extracting method, sky
Between change model etc. processed it is ensured that under same geo-spatial framework accurate description data message spatial-temporal distribution characteristic, energy
Enough dynamically show on map, mechanism information changes over time and dynamically shows the sequencing feelings that geographical position occurs
Condition.
Specific as follows:
(1) back track function: the record to the differentiation in time of gis data, information tracing is realized by tgis；
(2) analytic function: on the basis of original, investigate change, predict future, provided auxiliary decision making function；
(3) more New function: ensure the Up-to-date state of gis data, lose the tense gis that " real-time " update and just set up commonly
Static gis；
(4) query function: in a dynamic fashion, answer user with regard to " when ", " where ", the inquiry of " how ".
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the message processing flow figure based on gis；
Fig. 2 is the message processing flow figure based on tgis:
Fig. 3 is geospatial information storage organization schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes it is clear that described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the application, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of the application protection.
A kind of querying method of the geographic information services based on tgis, when tgis increases on the basis of gis system features
Between tie up analytic function, efficiently answer and all kinds of problems of time correlation, therefore, it is necessary to increase in static gis believe to space
The management of breath and processing function, so can be in the system of time and space two aspect overall treatment geography information.
The geographical information query data information content building tgis includes tense status information, spatial signature information and attribute
Characteristic information；The data compilation that these data information content are reunified and tissues, due to being hundreds of millions of in magnanimity
Data volume in the case of, can quickly show that some mechanism or certain class mechanism change over time, and Dynamic Display mechanism
The change procedure in geographical position.Data reorganization is carried out according to Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial, by time, space and essential information key element
It is associated in interior data message and arranges, after the completion of arranging, new data rule and structure are stored.
When showing mechanism information using tgis, data content extraction is carried out according to keywords such as Institution Codes, and will
The data content extracting, was combined with gis system according to administrative division, geographical position, time, dynamic by visual mode
Be illustrated in different time points mechanism geographical position occur change procedure.
Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial is the core of tgis, and its quality directly influences spatial-temporal query and the efficiency of analysis.System
Using the Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial based on ground state correction, each mechanism's object only need to be stored once, often change once, only very little
Data volume need record, be only just stored in system when object changes, and only store its change part, data
Redundancy is little.Using spatial database as its master data storage mode, using geographical feature as basic object, newer
Operation can be realized based on single geographical feature.
One object causes after change by an event, and its up-to-date state is stored in trend of the times storehouse, the state quilt before modification
It is stored in history library, and records extinction time and former object identity, be easy to spatial index and time index, and record in concordance list
Corresponding temporal information and ground state mark.The division in history library and trend of the times storehouse is conducive to the historical data in future to recall.With when
Between passage, present situation key element constantly produces entrance trend of the times storehouse, and old key element is continuously updated and becomes history key element and enter history
Storehouse.
In the case of considering the cohesion intensity of tense, space and attribute, the space-time database of tgis system creates 2
The data base of individual expression difference tense: trend of the times storehouse (present tense) and history library (past tense).
Here each map data mining platform of the up-to-date each geography information of conservation object in trend of the times storehouse, in the trend of the times storehouse position be in most frequent
The state of operation, it is space and the attribute information of the present tense of operation object, and each tuple in data base is all in " sharp
Live " state is data base's current operation object, and each figure layer has one or more versions of data (ground state).History library
History each figure layer change information before middle preservation.
The initial and termination of holding structure essential information, ground state information, map data mining platform and authority time dimension in concordance list
The contents such as temporal information.
In figure layer versions of data, deposit essential information and the latitude and longitude coordinates information content of each figure layer.
The effect duration information of the data contents such as tile related to geographic element and geographic element is also stored in table structure
Etc. content.The object associating with it also includes space characteristics, attribute character, temporal feature and change behavior characteristicss etc..
Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial it is emphasised that on the basis of rationalization's space-time data, using instrument and the skill of space-time analysis
Art, to simulate dynamic process, is probed into and is excavated and imply and the information in space-time data and rule.Under present condition, space-time data
One important realistic meaning of scale-model investigation is the extending space on the basis of existing gis function --- time series analyses function.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of querying method of the geographic information services based on tgis is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1. build the geographical information query data information content of tgis: include tense status information, spatial signature information and attribute
Characteristic information；
S2. data compilation and tissue that data information content s1 being built is reunified, enter according to Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial
Row data reorganizes, and time, space and essential information key element is associated in interior data message and arranges；
S3. after the completion of arranging, new data rule and structure are stored；
S4., when utilizing tgis to show mechanism information, data content extraction is carried out according to keywords such as Institution Codes；
S5. the data content that will extract, was combined with gis system according to administrative division, geographical position, time；
S6. the change procedure being occurred by the geographical position that visual mode is dynamically illustrated in different time points mechanism.
2. want a kind of querying method of geographic information services based on tgis described in 1 according to right it is characterised in that described in s2
Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial using Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Spatial based on ground state correction, stored using spatial database as its master data
Mode, using geographical feature as basic object, the operation of newer can be realized based on single geographical feature.
3. want a kind of querying method of geographic information services based on tgis described in 2 according to right it is characterised in that in tgis
Create the data base of 2 expression difference tenses: trend of the times storehouse and history library in the space-time database of system, protect in trend of the times storehouse here
Deposit each map data mining platform of the up-to-date each geography information of object, in trend of the times storehouse, position is in the state of most frequent operation, and it is operation object
The space of present tense and attribute information, each tuple in data base is data base's current operation pair all in state of activation
As, and each figure layer has one or more versions of data, the history each figure layer change information before preserving in history library；
The initial and termination temporal information of holding structure essential information, ground state information, map data mining platform and authority time dimension in concordance list；
In figure layer versions of data, deposit essential information and the latitude and longitude coordinates information of each figure layer；In table structure, also storage is wanted with geographical
The data contents such as the related tile of element and the effect duration information of geographic element, the object associating with it also include space characteristics,
Attribute character, temporal feature and change behavior characteristicss.
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| CN107194709A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-09-22 | 杭州楚和信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method that agricultural product are tracked and reviewed by space and time dimension |
| CN107590173A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉市测绘研究院 | Backtracking and the control methods online of two-dimension time-space geography information |
| CN108876876A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-23 | 云南电网有限责任公司信息中心 | A kind of roller shutter methods of exhibiting of Temporal GIS edition data comparison |
| CN109829023A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-31 | 苏州维众数据技术有限公司 | A kind of four-dimensional spacetime GIS-Geographic Information System and its construction method |
| CN111522894A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-11 | 北京龙软科技股份有限公司 | Coal mine visual management and control system based on temporal GIS |
| CN113176845A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 北京完美知识科技有限公司 | Method and device for displaying historical information in historical map |
| CN113407652A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-17 | 北京建筑大学 | Space-time data model based on 3DPS |
| CN113449107A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 金陵科技学院 | Distributed self-adaptive access control method facing to geographic big data |
| CN114860860A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-05 | 南京泛在地理信息产业研究院有限公司 | Novel GIS data structure based on geographic element interaction mechanism |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107194709A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-09-22 | 杭州楚和信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method that agricultural product are tracked and reviewed by space and time dimension |
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| CN113176845A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 北京完美知识科技有限公司 | Method and device for displaying historical information in historical map |
| CN113176845B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2024-01-12 | 北京完美知识科技有限公司 | Method and device for displaying history information in history map |
| CN113407652A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-17 | 北京建筑大学 | Space-time data model based on 3DPS |
| CN113449107A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 金陵科技学院 | Distributed self-adaptive access control method facing to geographic big data |
| CN114860860A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-05 | 南京泛在地理信息产业研究院有限公司 | Novel GIS data structure based on geographic element interaction mechanism |
| CN114860860B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-05-03 | 南京泛在地理信息产业研究院有限公司 | Method for constructing GIS data structure based on geographic element interaction mechanism |
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