CN106353316A - 一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法 - Google Patents
一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000190070 Sarracenia purpurea Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
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- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
Abstract
一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法,包括检测用工具包和现场检测操作步骤。检测用工具包内装有:透明水杯、漏斗、过滤纸、盛有硫酸铵的容器、盛有草酸饱和溶液的试剂瓶、纯净水。现场检测操作步骤:用硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡野外勘查钻孔中取出的样品,再用滴草酸饱和溶液滴加到过滤后的硫酸铵浸泡溶液中,通过观察硫酸铵浸泡溶液的变化来估算样品中稀土的含量。本发明方法检测设备简单,便于携带,操作步骤简单易学,可用肉眼判断样品中的稀土含量,估算误差可达到±0.01%,分析费用低,效率高,能为野外离子型稀土地质勘查及时指明方向。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法,具体属于分析化学技术领域。
背景技术
离子吸附型稀土矿一般赋存于全风化花岗、强风化花岗岩体内,矿体具有埋藏浅、岩体松散的特点,离子型稀土以游离子状态吸附在花岗岩体上。野外稀土地质勘查时,地质钻孔取出的岩土用肉眼无法分辩是否含有稀土矿,无法指导现场钻孔施工深度,现场只能盲目施工,需要全孔取样送往化验室进行化学测试,取样化验工作量大,化学分析时间长,无法现场指导野外地质勘查。针对这种现状,本发明提出一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法,实现野外离子型稀土地质勘查时快速测试,及时指导野外地质现场勘查工作,通过硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡和草酸还原,用2-3分钟时间,即可检测出一个样品中的稀土含量,不但解决了样品中稀土“有无”问题,同时也能检测出样品中的稀土“贫富”,使野外地质勘查工作者能及时判断钻孔应何时终孔,提高了勘查工作效率和效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提出一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法,所述的方法包括检测用工具包和现场检测操作步骤,具体如下:
所述的检测用工具包内装有:
直径和高度为6cm的透明水杯一个、直径为6-7cm的漏斗一个、直径为10cm的过滤纸;盛装有500克硫酸铵的 2-3升容器一只、盛装有草酸饱和溶液的250ml试剂瓶一个、4-5升的纯净水一桶;
所述的现场检测操作步骤:
(1)先将过滤纸折叠成漏斗状,安置在漏斗中;
(2)将漏斗安放在透明水杯上,漏斗的漏斗口与透明水杯底部间隙保持在3-5mm距离;
(3)用纯净水配制硫酸铵饱和溶液;将野外勘查钻孔中取出的样品均匀混合,取100克的样品装到漏斗中的过滤纸中,加入100-150克硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡样品,浸泡2-3分钟时间进行化学反应,将吸附在花岗岩土中稀土离子稀释出来,硫酸铵浸泡溶液从漏斗口滴入透明水杯中;如果从漏斗口滴出硫酸铵浸泡溶液的速度过快或者混浊,再将透明水杯中的硫酸铵浸泡溶液重新倒到漏斗中进行第二次浸泡、过滤;
(4)过滤后的硫酸铵浸泡溶液呈无色状,向其中滴入2-3滴草酸饱和溶液,观察硫酸铵浸泡溶液的变化来估算样品中稀土的含量;
(5)样品中稀土含量的估算:
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液不变色,呈无色状,则样品中不含稀土;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液变成较浅的白色状,样品中的稀土离子被还原成稀土氧化物,离子型稀土氧化物含量呈微量;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液变成较深的白色状,呈牛奶状,但没有沉淀物产生,根据硫酸铵浸泡溶液的透明度判断,样品中离子型稀土品位在0.03%-0.05%之间;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色沉淀物,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位在0.05%-0.07%之间,沉淀物越多,品位越高;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色沉淀物呈雪花状,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.08%-0.1%以上;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色雪花状沉淀物达到杯中溶液的一半以上,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.1%-0.17%;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色雪花状沉淀物占满溶液体,白色沉淀物呈糊状,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.18%-0.2%以上。
本发明的有益效果:本发明检测设备简单,便于携带,操作步骤简单易学,普通钻探工人和技术人员即学即会。分析费用低,分析速度快,用2-3分钟时间即可检测出一个样品中的稀土含量,不但解决了样品中稀土“有无”问题,同时也能检测出样品中的稀土“贫富”。 如样品无稀土,则不需取样化验,减少取样化验工作量,降低地质勘查费用;钻孔底部最后1米经快分后没有稀土,则可以判断是否终孔。另外,现场检测操作步骤可用肉眼判断样品中的稀土含量,估算误差可达到±0.01%,能为野外离子型稀土地质勘查及时指明方向,效率高。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明所述透明水杯示意图;
图2为本发明所述漏斗示意图;
图3为本发明所述过滤纸示意图;
图4为本发明所述过滤装置组合图;
图中:过滤纸(1)、漏斗(2)、透明水杯(3)。
具体实施方式
实施例1
结合附图说明如下,相关附图为具有具体尺寸的各视图:
野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法包括检测用工具包和现场检测操作步骤。
检测用工具包内装有:
直径和高度为6cm的透明水杯一个、直径为6cm的漏斗一个、直径为10cm的过滤纸;盛装有500克硫酸铵的 2升容器一只、盛装有草酸饱和溶液的250ml试剂瓶一个、4升的纯净水一桶。
现场检测操作步骤:
(1)先将过滤纸折叠成漏斗状,安置在漏斗中;
(2)将漏斗安放在透明水杯上,漏斗的下部漏口不要与透明水杯接触,漏斗的漏斗口与透明水杯底部保持在3mm的距离;
(3)用纯净水配制硫酸铵饱和溶液;将野外勘查钻孔中取出的样品均匀混合,取100克的样品装到漏斗中的过滤纸中,加入120克硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡样品,浸泡3分钟时间进行化学反应,可将吸附在花岗岩土中稀土离子稀释出来,硫酸铵浸泡溶液从漏斗口滴入透明水杯中;如果从漏斗口滴出硫酸铵浸泡溶液的速度过快或者混浊,再将水杯中的硫酸铵浸泡溶液重新倒到漏斗中进行第二次浸泡过滤;
(4)过滤后的硫酸铵浸泡溶液呈无色状,向其中滴入2滴草酸饱和溶液,观察硫酸铵浸泡溶液的变化来估算样品中稀土的含量;
(5)样品中稀土含量的估算:
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液变成较深的白色状,呈牛奶状,但没有沉淀物产生,根据硫酸铵浸泡溶液的透明度判断,离子型稀土品位在0.04%。
实施例2
野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法包括检测用工具包和现场检测操作步骤。
检测用工具包内装有:
直径和高度为6cm的透明水杯一个、直径为7cm的漏斗一个、直径为10cm的过滤纸;盛装有500克硫酸铵的 3升容器一只、盛装有草酸饱和溶液的250ml试剂瓶一个、5升的纯净水一桶。
现场检测操作步骤:
(1)先将过滤纸折叠成漏斗状,安置在漏斗中;
(2)将漏斗安放在透明水杯上,漏斗的下部漏口不要与透明水杯接触,漏斗的漏斗口与透明水杯底部保持在5mm的距离;
(3)用纯净水配制硫酸铵饱和溶液;将野外勘查钻孔中取出的样品均匀混合,取100克的样品装到漏斗中的过滤纸中,加入150克硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡样品,浸泡3分钟时间进行化学反应,可将吸附在花岗岩土中稀土离子稀释出来,硫酸铵浸泡溶液从漏斗口滴入透明水杯中;如果从漏斗口滴出硫酸铵浸泡溶液的速度过快或者混浊,再将透明水杯中的硫酸铵浸泡溶液重新倒到漏斗中进行第二次浸泡过滤;
(4)过滤后的硫酸铵浸泡溶液呈无色状,向其中滴入3滴草酸饱和溶液,观察硫酸铵浸泡溶液的变化来估算样品中稀土的含量;
(5)样品中稀土含量的估算:
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色雪花状沉淀物达到杯中溶液的一半以上,离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.15%。
Claims (1)
1.一种野外勘查离子型稀土的快速测试方法,其特征在于:所述的方法包括检测用工具包和现场检测操作步骤,具体如下:
所述的检测用工具包内装有:
直径和高度为6cm的透明水杯一个、直径为6-7cm的漏斗一个、直径为10cm的过滤纸;盛装有500克硫酸铵的 2-3升容器一只、盛装有草酸饱和溶液的250ml试剂瓶一个、4-5升的纯净水一桶;
所述的现场检测操作步骤:
(1)先将过滤纸折叠成漏斗状,安置在漏斗中;
(2)将漏斗安放在透明水杯上,漏斗的漏斗口与透明水杯底部间隙保持在3-5mm距离;
(3)用纯净水配制硫酸铵饱和溶液;将野外勘查钻孔中取出的样品均匀混合,取100克的样品装到漏斗中的过滤纸中,加入100-150克硫酸铵饱和溶液浸泡样品,浸泡2-3分钟时间进行化学反应,将吸附在花岗岩土中稀土离子稀释出来,硫酸铵浸泡溶液从漏斗口滴入透明水杯中;如果从漏斗口滴出硫酸铵浸泡溶液的速度过快或者混浊,再将透明水杯中的硫酸铵浸泡溶液重新倒到漏斗中进行第二次浸泡、过滤;
(4)过滤后的硫酸铵浸泡溶液呈无色状,向其中滴入2-3滴草酸饱和溶液,观察硫酸铵浸泡溶液的变化来估算样品中稀土的含量;
(5)样品中稀土含量的估算:
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液不变色,呈无色状,则样品中不含稀土;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液变成较浅的白色状,样品中的稀土离子被还原成稀土氧化物,离子型稀土氧化物含量呈微量;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液变成较深的白色状,呈牛奶状,但没有沉淀物产生,根据硫酸铵浸泡溶液的透明度判断,样品中离子型稀土品位在0.03%-0.05%之间;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色沉淀物,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位在0.05%-0.07%之间,沉淀物越多,品位越高;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色沉淀物呈雪花状,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.08%-0.1%以上;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色雪花状沉淀物达到杯中溶液的一半以上,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.1%-0.17%;
杯中硫酸铵浸泡溶液出现白色雪花状沉淀物占满溶液体,白色沉淀物呈糊状,样品中离子型稀土氧化物品位达到0.18%-0.2%以上。
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CN113030067A (zh) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | 风化壳淋积型稀土矿稀土品位野外快速鉴定方法 |
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