CN106353233B - A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass and production method - Google Patents
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106353233B CN106353233B CN201610640933.6A CN201610640933A CN106353233B CN 106353233 B CN106353233 B CN 106353233B CN 201610640933 A CN201610640933 A CN 201610640933A CN 106353233 B CN106353233 B CN 106353233B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
Abstract
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass and production method, including a crack mainboard, left mounting plate, right mounting plate, upper mounting plate and lower installation board；Crack mainboard is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, is equipped with hydrophobic region in the side of rectangular parallelepiped structure, the opposite other side is equipped with gathering ground, and hydrophobic region is connected to gathering ground, and the outside of hydrophobic region and left mounting plate cooperate, and the outside of gathering ground and right mounting plate cooperate；Cooperate respectively with upper mounting plate, lower installation board in the upper and lower surfaces of rectangular parallelepiped structure；The pressure tap that the connection area between hydrophobic region and gathering ground is connected is equipped on upper mounting plate.The present invention produces crack mainboard using 3D printing technique, then it is fixed by four pieces of mounting plates up and down, bolt or hydraulic pressure are installed on a mounting board and pass root device, a kind of makes that simple, test is convenient, can more really and accurately reflect a kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass of rock mass fissure seepage flow characteristic to provide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crack simulation model production methods, and in particular to a kind of coarse fracture seepage emulation mould of rock mass
Type and production method.
Background technique
In recent years, with a series of large water conservancy hydroelectric engineerings, mining and petroleum works, nuclear waste storage and large-scale ground
The construction of the engineerings such as lower water seal pit hole oil depot, the research of Seepage of Rock Masses characteristic attract extensive attention.In natural rock mass, stone body with
Divide macroscopical crack of block or the structural body of joint composition, the microfissure of block and macroscopical crack provide for underground water and oil gas
Storage place and migration pathway.And the domestic and international hydroelectric project dam crash occurred at present, slope instability, mine excavation collapse
The generation of the disasters such as sunken, the prominent mud of tunnel gushing water is most of related with rock stratum water penetration.Therefore, the seepage flow property of crack rock is studied
For solving the problems, such as that Important Project caused by seepage flow moves is of great significance.
The fluid flowing of rock cranny is engineering research difficult point, for rock mass fissure seepage flow problem, many both domestic and external
Person carries out excessive quantifier elimination, and typical way is that rock cranny is considered as to smooth parallel plate, describes to flow using cubic law
Body is in flowing wherein, however this practice is difficult to set up in practical applications.Moreover, natural fissure form irregular, splits
The features such as aperture, roughening, exposure level, the connectivity of gap have great influence to fluid neuron network.If can be according to rock mass
The characteristic production of fracture determining meets the crack test test specimen of Practical Project, will be provided for experimental study compared with convenience, be
The coarse fracture seepage research of rock mass provides strong support.
Organic glass is selected to simulate crack wall surface currently, indoor rock mass fissure seepage flow test is general, or by the core of sampling
Splitting obtains the methods of random fissure-plane, and the crack that these analogy methods obtain and Practical Project gap are larger, are not sufficient enough to
Accurate reflection structural surface of rock fissure characteristic, so causing test simulation result with practical seepage characteristic, there are larger gaps.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to, overcome deficiency in the prior art, provide a kind of production is simple, test is convenient,
Parameters of fissure is adjustable, is capable of a kind of rock mass coarse fracture seepage simulation model production side of truely and accurately rock mass fissure seepage flow
Method, obtained model of fissuration helps to study the influence of roughness and fracture opening to seepage characteristic, thus more accurately
Disclose the rock mass fissure seepage flow characteristics of motion.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 utilizes Software on Drawing crack mainboard threedimensional model；
Step 2 utilizes the crack mainboard drawn in 3D printer printing step 1；
Step 3 production is with crack mainboard to the upper mounting plate of cooperation, lower installation board, left mounting plate and right mounting plate；
Step 4 makes on the upper mounting plate with hydraulic pressure sensor and installs the internal screw thread of bolt matching；Described
Lower installation board on production and the internal screw threads of inlet and outlet pipes and bolt matching；
Step 5 cuts out matched rectangular rubber pad according to the side length and thickness on crack mainboard top and both ends groove；
Step 6 assembles model of fissuration.
Further, the method for drafting of crack mainboard described in step 1 is as follows: according to parameters of fissure needed for testing, drawing
Crack contour curve out；Hydrophobic region and the gathering ground of wedge shape, the water inlet end of hydrophobic region and gathering ground are drawn respectively at crack both ends
The cuboid groove of installation steel mounting plate is reserved with water outlet；Draw entire cuboid crack mainboard, in crack mainboard it is upper,
The cuboid groove for drawing out installation steel mounting plate below, draws pressure tap in upper grooves.
Further, the method printed in step 2 is as follows: the crack mainboard passes through 3D printer using PLA material
It is printed.
Further, when printer model, inclination 30o printing is arranged in model.
Further, the installation process of step 6 is as follows: the mounting plate of steel is placed in the groove of crack mainboard, and
Rectangular rubber pad is sealed on the groove vicinity pad of top and left and right, then by the screw hole of upper lower installation board and both ends mounting plate
To it, it is connected with.
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass, including a crack mainboard, left mounting plate, right mounting plate, upper peace
Loading board and lower installation board；The crack mainboard is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, is equipped with hydrophobic region, phase in the side of rectangular parallelepiped structure
Pair the other side be equipped with gathering ground, the hydrophobic region be connected to gathering ground, the outside of hydrophobic region and the cooperation of left mounting plate, polywater
The outside in area and right mounting plate cooperate；Match respectively with upper mounting plate, lower installation board in the upper and lower surfaces of rectangular parallelepiped structure
It closes；The pressure tap that the connection area between hydrophobic region and gathering ground is connected is equipped on the upper mounting plate.
Further, the material of the crack mainboard is PLA material.
Further, the material of the left mounting plate, right mounting plate, upper mounting plate, lower installation board is using metal material.
Further, the upper mounting plate, lower installation board respectively include a cuboid plate, in the cuboid plate
It is equipped with the cuboid protrusion cooperated with the upper groove or lower groove of crack mainboard；It is additionally provided in cuboid plate for connecting
The screw hole of upper mounting plate, lower installation board and crack mainboard.
Further, the left mounting plate, right mounting plate include a cuboid plate, are set on the cuboid plate
There is the cuboid protrusion cooperated with the left groove or right groove of crack mainboard；It is additionally provided with perforation cuboid protrusion and length simultaneously
The screw hole of cube plate, the screw hole is for installing outlet pipe.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1,3D printing material PLA material intensity is lower than metal, prints internal screw thread rapid wear, should not recycle and pacify with metal bolts
Dress installs steel mounting plate in model of fissuration top, lower part and left and right ends, is connected with metal hydraulic pressure sensor and inlet and outlet pipes
It connects, the disadvantage for overcoming PLA material intensity low.
2, coarse crack roughness can be freely set, crack wall profile can be set to Barton curve, it is sinusoidal bent
Line, sawtooth curve, or it is set as three-dimensional coarse curved surface according to field monitoring data, to overcome crack is described in routine test
The limitation that structural plane degree of roughness problem faces.
3, coarse fracture opening can be freely set, and conventional seepage tests test specimen is processed into the cylindrical of standard specification and carries out
Test, fracture opening is not adjustable during test, can not study influence of the fracture opening to seepage characteristic；And the present invention overcomes
This disadvantage can be tested by printing the crack mainboard of different opening.
4, it is based on the coarse crack mainboard of 3D printing technique quick Fabrication, makes short time limit, precision is high, and it is adaptable, thus
It realizes quick integral molding, reduces cost, improves part precision.
5, general frame is constituted by 4 pieces of mounting plates, overall structure is rigorous, need to only print crack mainboard every time, forms mark
Standardization saves printed material, reduces experimentation cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is model schematic of the invention；
Fig. 2 is structural exploded view of the invention；
Fig. 3-1, the schematic diagram that 3-2,3-3,3-4 are crack mainboard of the present invention；
Fig. 4-1, the schematic diagram that 4-2,4-3,4-4 are upper mounting plate of the present invention；
Fig. 5-1, the schematic diagram that 5-2,5-3,5-4 are lower installation board of the present invention；
Fig. 6-1, the schematic diagram that 6-2,6-3,6-4 are both ends mounting plate of the present invention；
In figure: 1 crack mainboard, 2 upper mounting plates, 3 lower installation boards, 4 left mounting plates, 5 right mounting plates, 6 fixing bolts, 7 rubbers
Rubber mat, 11 left grooves, 12 hydrophobic regions, 13 upper grooves, 14 crack contour lines, 15 pressure taps, 16 lower grooves, 17 gathering grounds, 18 is right
Groove, 21 screw holes, 22 pressure taps, 41 installation screws, 42 installation screws.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including crack mainboard 1, upper mounting plate 2, under
Mounting plate 3, left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5, fixing bolt 6 and rubber pad 7；Crack mainboard is a rectangular parallelepiped structure,
The upper and lower surfaces of rectangular parallelepiped structure cooperate with upper mounting plate, lower installation board respectively；Left and right surface respectively with left mounting plate
4, right mounting plate 5 cooperates, and upper mounting plate 2, lower installation board 3, left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5 and crack mainboard 1 match coincidence
It sets and is additionally provided with rubber pad 7, and be connected each by fixing bolt 6；
As shown in Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-4, crack mainboard 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, is equipped with and dredges in the side of rectangular parallelepiped structure
Pool 12, the opposite other side are equipped with gathering ground 17, and the hydrophobic region 12 is connected to gathering ground 17, when test, hydrophobic region 12
It is connected with water inlet pipe, the gathering ground 17 is connected with polywater pipe, and the outside of hydrophobic region 12 is equipped with left groove 11, and the left side is recessed
Slot 11 and left mounting plate 4 cooperate, and the outside of gathering ground 17 is equipped with right groove 18, and the right groove 18 and right mounting plate 5 cooperate；
The upper groove 13 and recessed with upper mounting plate 2, the cooperation of lower installation board 3 is respectively equipped in the upper and lower surfaces of rectangular parallelepiped structure
Slot 16；The pressure tap 22 that the connection area between hydrophobic region 12 and gathering ground 17 is connected is equipped on the upper mounting plate 2；
Pressure tap for installing pressure sensor, acquisition fluid by when the pressure information that generates.
Further, the material of crack mainboard 1 is PLA material.
Further, the material of left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5, upper mounting plate 2, lower installation board 3 is using metal material.
As shown in Fig. 4-1 to Fig. 4-4, Fig. 5-1 to Fig. 5-4, upper mounting plate 2, lower installation board 3 respectively include a cuboid
Plate is equipped with the cuboid protrusion cooperated with the upper groove 13 or lower groove 16 of crack mainboard on the cuboid plate；
The screw hole 21 for connecting upper mounting plate, lower installation board and crack mainboard is additionally provided in cuboid plate.
As shown in Fig. 6-1 to Fig. 6-4, left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5 include a cuboid plate, in the cuboid
Plate is equipped with the cuboid protrusion cooperated with the left groove 11 or right groove 18 of crack mainboard；It is rectangular that it is additionally provided with perforation simultaneously
The screw hole 42 of body protrusion and cuboid plate, for the screw hole 42 for installing outlet pipe and water inlet pipe, top and bottom further respectively have 3
A installation screw 41, screw hole 41 is for connecting left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5 and crack mainboard 1.
Further, the upper groove 13, lower groove 16, left groove 11, right groove 18 are rectangular recess.
Further, the upper mounting plate 2, lower installation board 3, left mounting plate 4, right mounting plate 5 are matched with crack mainboard 1
Coincidence, which is set, is additionally provided with rubber pad 7, and rubber pad 7 selects the rubber pad of 0.5mm thickness, recessed according to crack mainboard upper grooves 13 and both ends
The structural parameters of slot 11 and 18 cut out matched rectangular rubber pad 7.
The coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of above-mentioned rock mass, comprising the following steps:
1) crack mainboard threedimensional model is constructed；
Using SolidWorks Software on Drawing crack mainboard threedimensional model, as shown in figure 3, according to crack ginseng needed for testing
Number, roughness, length, width and aperture including crack plane are drawn out crack contour line 14, are drawn respectively at crack both ends
The hydrophobic region 12 of wedge shape and gathering ground 17；Entire crack cuboid mainboard is drawn, top and bottom reserve the square of installation steel mounting plate
Connected in star 13 and 16, water inlet end and water outlet also reserve the rectangular recess 11 and 18 of installation steel mounting plate, in upper grooves
There is pressure tap 15, modeling rendering precision is 0.01mm；
2) 3D printing makes crack mainboard；
The production that crack mainboard is completed by 3D printing technique, by the crack mainboard three of building in SolidWorks software
Dimension module file is converted into STL formatted file, and the STL formatted file of crack mainboard threedimensional model is read with 3D printing software, is adopted
It is printed with PLA material by 3D printer, model inclination 30o is set, print precise requirements 0.05mm, model compactness
It is 100%；
3) fabrication and installation plate；
Using steel plate fabrication and installation plate (material of mounting plate is also an option that other metal materials), such as Fig. 4-1 to 4-4
Shown, upper mounting plate 2 is cuboid, and middle part is and the matched cuboid protrusion of crack mainboard upper grooves, the setting of the area Bing Gai
The pressure tap 22 of hydraulic pressure sensor is installed, both ends are respectively equipped with 3 installation screws 21；As shown in Fig. 5-1 to 5-4, lower installation
Plate is identical as upper mounting plate structure, is fitted without the pressure tap of hydraulic pressure sensor；As shown in Fig. 6-1 to 6-4, left and right installation board
Structure is identical, generally cuboid plate, and middle part is raised and convex in cuboid with the cuboid of crack mainboard both ends matching grooves
It rises and is provided with the installation screw 42 for installing outlet pipe or water inlet pipe on cuboid plate, top and bottom are respectively equipped with 3 installations
Screw hole 41；
4) internal screw thread is made；
Tapping is carried out using mechanical screw tap on a mounting board, is produced on upper mounting plate and hydraulic pressure sensor and installation spiral shell
The matched internal screw thread of bolt is produced the internal screw thread with installation bolt matching on lower installation board, is produced on left and right installation board
With the internal screw thread of inlet and outlet pipes and bolt matching.Wherein, the internal screw thread of the threaded hole of installation hydraulic pressure sensor is on upper mounting plate
Taper thread M20 × 1.5, the internal screw thread that the screw hole of inlet and outlet pipes is installed at both ends is pipe screw thread ZG1/2.
5) rubber pad is made；
The rubber pad for selecting 0.5mm thickness, according to crack mainboard upper grooves 13 and the structural parameters of both ends groove 11 and 18
Cut out matched rectangular rubber pad 7.
6) model of fissuration is assembled；
As shown in Fig. 2, upper mounting plate 2 is placed in the groove 13 of crack mainboard, lower installation board 3 is placed in crack mainboard
In groove 16, left mounting plate 4 is placed in the groove 11 of crack mainboard, right mounting plate 5 is placed in the groove 18 of crack mainboard,
And rectangular rubber pad 7 is sealed on top and left and right ends groove vicinity pad, then installs upper lower installation board and both ends
The screw hole of plate is aligned, and is connected, is installed as a kind of coarse crack simulation model of rock mass, as shown in Figure 1 with bolt 6.
The present invention is based on SolidWorks Software on Drawing crack mainboard threedimensional models, are produced and are met using 3D printing technique
Then the crack mainboard of practical parameters of fissure is fixed by four pieces of mounting plates up and down, installs bolt on a mounting board
Or hydraulic pressure passes root device, to provide, a kind of production is simple, test is convenient, can more really and accurately reflect rock mass fissure seepage flow spy
A kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass of property.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 utilizes Software on Drawing crack mainboard threedimensional model；
Step 2 utilizes the crack mainboard drawn in 3D printer printing step 1；
Step 3 makes upper mounting plate, lower installation board, left mounting plate and the right mounting plate matched with crack mainboard；
Step 4 makes on the upper mounting plate with hydraulic pressure sensor and installs the internal screw thread of bolt matching；Under described
The internal screw thread with inlet and outlet pipes and bolt matching is made on mounting plate；
Step 5 cuts out matched rectangular rubber pad according to the side length and thickness on crack mainboard top and both ends groove；
Step 6 assembles model of fissuration；
Crack mainboard method for drafting described in step 1 is as follows: according to parameters of fissure needed for testing, it is bent to draw out crack profile
Line；The hydrophobic region of wedge shape is drawn respectively at crack both ends and gathering ground, the water inlet end and water outlet of hydrophobic region and gathering ground reserve
The cuboid groove of steel mounting plate is installed；Entire cuboid crack mainboard is drawn, peace is drawn out in the above and below of mainboard in crack
The cuboid groove for filling steel mounting plate, draws pressure tap in upper grooves.
2. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that beaten in step 2
The method of print is as follows: the crack mainboard is printed using PLA material by 3D printer.
3. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that printer model
When, by model setting 30 ° of printings of inclination.
4. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model production method of rock mass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the peace of step 6
Dress process is as follows: steel mounting plate being placed in the groove of crack mainboard, and the rectangle rubber on top and left and right groove vicinity pad
Rubber mat is sealed, and is then connected with the screw hole of upper lower installation board and both ends mounting plate to it.
5. a kind of coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass, which is characterized in that including a crack mainboard, left mounting plate, right peace
Loading board, upper mounting plate and lower installation board；The crack mainboard is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, is equipped in the side of rectangular parallelepiped structure
Hydrophobic region, the opposite other side are equipped with gathering ground, and the hydrophobic region is connected to gathering ground, the outside of hydrophobic region and left mounting plate
Cooperation, the outside of gathering ground and right mounting plate cooperate；Rectangular parallelepiped structure upper and lower surfaces respectively with upper mounting plate, under
Mounting plate cooperation；The pressure tap that the connection area between hydrophobic region and gathering ground is connected is equipped on the upper mounting plate.
6. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the material of the crack mainboard
Material is PLA material.
7. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the left mounting plate, the right side
Mounting plate, upper mounting plate, lower installation board material use metal material.
8. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the upper mounting plate, under
Mounting plate respectively includes a cuboid plate, and one and the upper groove of crack mainboard or recessed are equipped on the cuboid plate
The cuboid protrusion of slot cooperation；The screw hole for connecting upper mounting plate, lower installation board and crack mainboard is additionally provided in cuboid plate.
9. the coarse fracture seepage simulation model of rock mass as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the left mounting plate, the right side
Mounting plate includes a cuboid plate, and one is equipped on the cuboid plate and the left groove or right groove of crack mainboard are matched
The cuboid protrusion of conjunction；It is additionally provided with the screw hole of perforation cuboid protrusion and cuboid plate simultaneously, the screw hole is for installing out
Water pipe and water inlet pipe.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107462510B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-09-27 | 东北石油大学 | Test the device for becoming under triaxial stress and stitching high bifurcated fracture condudtiviy |
| CN109444020B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2021-02-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Rock mass fracture seepage microscopic feature observation equipment and observation method based on 3D printing technology |
| CN109596499A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of visual pore model cleaning and test observation connect system |
| CN111239021B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-12-08 | 西南石油大学 | Flat plate holder for simulating multiphase fluid flowing in cracks and use method thereof |
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| CN105158039A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 河海大学 | Manufacturing method of simulation fracture for fractured rock mass seepage test |
| CN105628470A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 河海大学 | Preparation method of penetrated crack rock mass test specimen based on 3D (three-dimensional) printing technology |
| CN105717017A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-29 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Experiment method for testing permeability of rough fracture rock |
| CN105973783A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-28 | 四川大学 | Parallel crack seepage experiment system and method based on 3D printing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2732135B1 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2016-08-24 | Ingrain, Inc. | Method for simulating fractional multi-phase/multi-component flow through porous media |
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| CN105717017A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-29 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Experiment method for testing permeability of rough fracture rock |
| CN105158039A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 河海大学 | Manufacturing method of simulation fracture for fractured rock mass seepage test |
| CN105628470A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 河海大学 | Preparation method of penetrated crack rock mass test specimen based on 3D (three-dimensional) printing technology |
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