CN106332825B - Improved main frame of deepwater net cage - Google Patents
Improved main frame of deepwater net cage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332825B CN106332825B CN201610848915.7A CN201610848915A CN106332825B CN 106332825 B CN106332825 B CN 106332825B CN 201610848915 A CN201610848915 A CN 201610848915A CN 106332825 B CN106332825 B CN 106332825B
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Abstract
An improvement deep water box with a net main frame, the constitution of main frame is including floating the pipe, characterized by: the floating pipe is a hollow elliptical pipe with a horizontal long shaft, and is formed by processing a round pipe with a reduction rate of 10% -20%, wherein the reduction rate refers to the percentage of the ratio of reduction to the diameter of a blank before flattening. The deep-water net cage main frame is reasonable in structure, strong in operability, cost-saving, stable in connection and capable of improving stability, typhoon resistance and risk prevention capability, the strength of the deep-water net cage main frame can be improved, the storm resistance level can be improved on the premise that the overall size of the existing main frame is not changed, deep-water net cage culture can be pushed to a deep-sea open sea area, and safe culture production in the open sea area with the water depth of 20-60 meters can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a net cage for the seawater net cage aquaculture industry, in particular to an improved deep water net cage main frame.
Background
Mariculture net cages are important components of marine fishery. At present, the offshore large-scale net cage culture engineering equipment technology in China is in breakthrough progress, a domestic anti-wave deep-water net cage suitable for sea condition culture in China is created, six offshore deep-water net cage culture areas are established in south sea areas with frequent typhoons, more than 40 offshore deep-water net cage culture demonstration bases are established in China, and the total application amount of the net cages is nearly 8000.
The net cages comprise HDPE round net cages, HDPE square net cages, square steel net cages and the like, and are distributed near a 20-meter deep semi-open water area with islands as barriers for cultivation, so that great economic and social benefits are obtained. With the frequent occurrence of typhoon phenomenon in China, the deep-water net cage culture is further expanded to the deep-water area of the outer sea, and the safety of the net cage structure is still the biggest problem restricting the industrial development, for example, the 201117 # super strong typhoon ' Nasha ', 201311 # super strong typhoon ' Youte ', 201409 # super strong typhoon ' Wimason all cause different degrees of damage to the net cage culture in the central area of the typhoon, so that the net cage culture industry is seriously lost.
Foreign large-scale net cages have become important equipment for expanding the mariculture space in deep-water culture. The deepwater net cage culture starts in Norway and Ireland in the last 70 th century, the culture scale is large at present, and the mature technologies include Norway, Chilean, Japan, Denmark, America, Australia, Canada and other countries. The deep-water cage culture in Norway is considered as a global model, and the deep-water cage culture in Norway has complete matching equipment, high culture technology level and best benefit. The development trend of diversified, large-sized and deep hydration of net cages is inevitable, the maximum capacity of a single net cage in the world exceeds 10 ten thousand m3, the breeding load limit reaches 2000t, and the technical advantages of the net cage are mainly established on the application basic research and comprise the research of the cooperative stress of a net cage system and wind waves and the design and analysis technology of a net cage structure. The application of advanced analysis and design means greatly optimizes the structure and safety of the net cage, and equipment safety technology is still the basis for ensuring the international competitiveness of net cage products.
The prior mariculture floating net cages mainly comprise circular net cages, square net cages and the like according to the shape of a main frame, but have a plurality of problems. The design of the main frame structure and the pipes of the deep water net cage is not scientific, the wind wave resistance is poor, and the pipes are easy to deform or break, so that the whole net cage is damaged, and the production is unstable. The ultra-strong typhoon can also cause the deep water net cage to seriously damage, causing huge economic loss. The main reasons for damage of the net cage are investigated: the main frame floating pipe and the guardrail are damaged and broken, the stress strength of the connection part of the I-shaped frame is high, and the connection part of the anchor rope and the main net cage frame is seriously damaged, so that a large number of main net cage frames are damaged and broken.
The deep water net cage has the advantages of strong wind and wave resistance, large culture capacity and good culture benefit. Offshore deep-water cage culture is a strategic direction of the development of the national marine culture industry, and safe and efficient culture system equipment is a primary condition for supporting the further expansion of the cage culture industry to the deep open sea. At present, offshore deep-water cage culture is in the key period of open sea expansion, large-scale cage and culture mode conversion, the key technology of a cage engineering system is systematically solved, enough safety guarantee and production efficiency are provided for cage culture, and the system is an industrial foundation for the continuous forward healthy development of the cage industry.
The deep-water net cage structure safety technology is broken through, the high-elasticity frame technology and the modularized assembly process technology research are carried out, the high-wave-resistance and high-flow-resistance net cage frame system with high practicability and strong operability is developed, equipment support is provided for further development of deep sea for deep-water net cage culture, and necessary technical support is provided for establishing the deep-water net cage frame technology and equipment with high elasticity, high wave resistance and high flow resistance for resisting 17-level typhoon and establishing a deep-water net cage componentization, modularization and standardization production line.
Disclosure of Invention
The main frame can improve the strength and the storm resistance level on the premise of not changing the overall size of the conventional main frame, can push the deep-water net cage culture to a deep-sea open sea area, and realizes safe culture production in the open sea area with the water depth of 20-60 meters.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an improved deepwater net cage main frame 1 is characterized in that the main frame comprises a floating pipe: the floating pipe is a hollow elliptical pipe with a horizontal long shaft, and is formed by processing a round pipe with a reduction rate of 10% -20%, wherein the reduction rate refers to the percentage of the ratio of reduction to the diameter of a blank before flattening.
The main frame includes: the floating pipe plane frame comprises a regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and a regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame, wherein three spaced sides of the regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame are parallel to the three sides of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame, and the middle points of the other three spaced sides are right opposite to three angular points (namely, a triangle is internally connected with a hexagon) of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and are provided with reinforcing ribs and floating pipes 103 for connection; the top surface of the floating pipe plane frame in the regular hexagonal central area is provided with a guardrail; the net cage anchor rope is tied at the corner end of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame, and the net cage outer netting and the net cage inner netting are hung on the regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame and the handrail respectively.
Preferably, the regular-triangle-shaped floating pipe planar frame is formed by connecting three main floating pipes 102, the regular-hexagon-shaped floating pipe planar frame in the center area is formed by six floating pipes 105 in the center area and three floating pipes 104 outside the center area, wherein the six floating pipes 105 are sequentially connected end to end, the three floating pipes 104 are arranged outside the inner floating pipes and are spaced from each other, two ends of each floating pipe 104 outside the center area are respectively connected between two adjacent main floating pipes 102, and the middle point of each floating pipe 104 corresponds to the angular point of the regular-triangle-shaped floating pipe planar frame.
Two adjacent main floating pipes 102 are connected through an E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101; the main floating pipe 102 is connected with the two ends of the outer floating pipe 104 and the inner floating pipe 105 through an oblique three-way connecting piece 106; the floating pipe 104 outside the central area is connected with one end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 through a right-angle three-way connecting piece 107, and the middle through hole of the E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101 at the other end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 is subjected to thermal welding.
The outer floating pipe 104, the inner floating pipe 105 and the main floating pipe 102 are connected together through a plurality of connecting I-shaped frames, and the connecting I-shaped frames are structurally characterized in that: two short elliptic sleeves which are horizontally arranged and have long axes horizontally arranged, inner holes of the two short elliptic sleeves are matched with the outer diameter of the floating pipe, the two short elliptic sleeves are connected by connecting plates which are arranged up and down, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the two short elliptic sleeves and between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate for connection; on the top surface of the short elliptic sleeve corresponding to the inner floating pipe, a vertical rectangular tubular base 203 is arranged.
The outer plate surface of the I-shaped frame base 203 is respectively provided with 4 pairs of reinforcing plates vertical to the plate surface. The reinforcing plate is connected with the outer walls of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and is intersected at the center of the vertical plate.
The guardrail F comprises a stand column 301, a stand column tee joint 302 and a handrail 4, the cross section of the stand column 301 is rectangular, the lower end of the stand column is sleeved into the rectangular tubular base 203 connected with the I-shaped frame, the upper end of the stand column tee joint 302 is welded with the rectangular tubular base, and the handrail 4 penetrates through the stand column tee joint.
The cross section of the handrail tube is hollow and round, and a sleeve is added; the anti-skid lines are added on the tubular product with the circular section of the handrail; the shape of the handrail is optimized to be a cylindrical step shape from a cylindrical shape, namely, the middle area between the three handrails is thickened or the sleeve is added to reduce the ratio of the curvature radius to the thickness of the pipe shell.
The I-shaped frame, the upright post and the tee joint are special pipes matched with an HDPE-stainless steel frame.
In order to improve the capacity of resisting wind waves when the main framework of the net cage is in a floating state, the horizontal direction of the main framework floating pipe is a hollow ellipse with a long axis, the reduction rate of a blank on the section of a circular pipe is optimized to be 10% -20% and is processed into the hollow ellipse, and the reduction rate refers to the percentage of the ratio of the reduction amount to the diameter of the blank before flattening.
Furthermore, the reduction rate of the pipe needs to be controlled within a certain range, generally 10-20% is preferable, the reduction rate is too small to achieve the purpose of improving the strength, and too large the reduction rate affects the service life of the pipe. According to theoretical calculation, simulation and actual test, the pipe with smaller specification (the outer diameter is 110 mm-420 mm) is suitable for lower flattening degree, and the reduction rate is 10-15%; the larger the specification is, the pipe (the outer diameter is 420-580 mm) is suitable for higher flattening degree, and the pressing rate is 15-20%;
furthermore, considering that the area of the deepwater net cage main frame captive water body is different, the diameters of the adopted main frame pipes are different, generally speaking, the larger the perimeter of the net cage is, the larger the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the pipe are, and the larger the reduction rate of the pipe is to obtain enough strength; the smaller the perimeter of the net cage is, the smaller the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the pipe are, and the reduction rate of the pipe can be smaller. Therefore, under the normal condition that the perimeter of the hexagon in the deepwater net cage is C40-C80, the reduction rate of the pipe is 10% -15%; when the perimeter of the hexagon in the deepwater net cage is C80-C120, the pipe reduction rate is 15-20%. Therefore, the series of deep water net cage frame pipes can obtain ideal strength. The invention is suitable for developing the miniaturization of the deepwater net cage into the maximization.
As an improvement of the invention, the overall performance of the main frame can be improved by changing the section of the pipe. Compared with the traditional deepwater net cage main frame pipe, the section of the pipe is mainly circular, and the horizontal moment of inertia is effectively increased.
As an improvement of the invention, a shock absorption protection facility is designed, the cross section of the upright post is optimized to be similar to a rectangle, and the upright post is inserted and then fixed by a pin at the bottom of the base of the I-shaped frame, so that the natural frequency of the guardrail can be increased, the vibration strength is improved, and the vibration fatigue effect of the storm fluctuation on the guardrail is reduced.
As an improvement of the invention, a rectangular cylinder base used for installing an upright post is vertically arranged on the top surface of the short elliptic sleeve corresponding to the inner floating pipe, the base is reinforced, rib plates and rib pieces are added, and the upright post is designed into a rectangular cylinder-like shape so as to optimize the structure. So as to resist the damage of the centripetal or centrifugal load of the handrail to the upright post and the I-shaped frame base.
As an improvement of the invention, the invention can determine the major axis of the section of the elliptical floating pipe according to the actual situation: a minor axis ratio; the length of the long side and the short side of the section of the rectangular cylinder type upright post.
As an improvement of the invention, the number of the I-shaped frames and the upright tee joints is increased on the hexagonal frame, and the contact areas of the I-shaped frames, the upright tee joint sleeves, the floating pipes and the hand rails are properly increased, so that the stress strength of the frame is improved to protect the floating pipes and the hand rails.
As an improvement of the invention, in order to avoid stress concentration of the main frame and the handrail, the corners of the triangular main frame and the corners of the hexagonal handrail are transited by adopting circular arc pieces with circular arc curvature, thereby effectively ensuring the integral strength of the main frame.
As an improvement of the invention, 4 pairs of reinforcing plates vertical to the plate surface are respectively arranged on the plate surface of the vertical plate of the I-shaped frame. The reinforcing plate is connected with the outer walls of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and is intersected at the center of the vertical plate. The reinforcing plate can enhance the stress strength of the I-shaped frame while saving materials to the maximum extent.
As an improvement, the invention designs and develops a special pipe matched with an HDPE-stainless steel frame, and the I-shaped frame, the upright post and the tee joint are made into stainless steel pipes, so that the strength and the rigidity of the frame are greatly improved at a lower cost in a floating state.
As an improvement of the invention, the anti-skid lines are added on the circular section pipe of the handrail. The shape of the handrail is optimized to be a cylindrical step shape from a cylindrical shape, the middle area between the three handrails is thickened or the sleeve is added to reduce the ratio of the curvature radius to the thickness of the pipe shell, and the capability of the handrail frame for resisting netting load is enhanced.
As an improvement of the invention, the frame pipe is a water supply and drainage pipe and is manufactured into the pipe special for the deep-water net cage by a flattening injection molding process and the like, thereby promoting the research and development of the pipe special for the main frame of the deep-water net cage.
It should be noted that the positional relationship of up, down, left and right in the specification is only a relative positional relationship used for convenience of description, and is not an absolute limitation of the orientation.
According to the invention, the optimized design is carried out on the special pipe for the main frame according to the load characteristics of wind, wave and current on the main frame of the deep water net cage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial and remarkable effects:
the cross sections of the floating pipes are all oval, when the floating pipes are horizontally pulled by anchor ropes or horizontally collided with other objects due to disastrous weather, typhoons or other factors, the floating pipes with the oval cross sections have higher strength in the horizontal direction than the circular cross sections and strong wind and wave resistance, and the offshore operation safety of the main frame of the deepwater net cage is greatly ensured.
According to the characteristics of acting force of wind, wave and current on the main frame, the floating pipe of the main frame of the deep water net cage is optimized from the angle of special pipes, so that the damage of the combined acting force of the wind, the wave and the current on the main frame is reduced to the minimum extent, and the typhoon resistance and the risk prevention capability of the deep water net cage are effectively improved.
The invention optimizes the deep water net cage main frame from the aspect of developing special pipes for net cages for the first time by utilizing the stress characteristics that the floating pipe and the I-shaped frame of the net cage mainly bear horizontal wave load, and the upright post and the handrail mainly bear centripetal or centrifugal load.
The arc-shaped connecting pipe made of the black injection molding pipe fitting is arranged at the six corners of the hexagonal handrail, so that the connection of the hexagonal straight pipes is facilitated, a series of problems caused by stress concentration are reduced, and the connection is more stable. When the main floating pipe is damaged, the hexagonal handrail not only can bear certain wind waves and netting loads and give buffering force to the main floating pipe, but also can maintain the integrity of a net cage system and the shape to a certain extent, and the net cage is prevented from sinking into the seabed.
The invention adopts the rectangular cylinder-shaped upright post and simultaneously carries out proper flattening treatment on the main floating pipe. The bending resistance cross section coefficient and the cross section area of the hollow ellipse and the hollow rectangle are all larger than those of the hollow circle, namely the maximum bending and the tension-compression normal stress of the hollow ellipse and the hollow rectangle are all smaller than those of the hollow circle when the materials are the same. Compared with the hollow circular vertical pipe section, the hollow elliptical and rectangular pipe section has enhanced pressure resistance, the bending resistance in the direction of the vertical pipe wall is increased, and the long axis is beneficial to improving the capability of the frame for resisting wind wave load.
The invention is based on the theory of material mechanics, namely, under a certain condition of the material (namely when the elastic modulus is unchanged), the larger the inertia moment is, the larger the bending rigidity is, and the larger the horizontal wind and wave load can be born by the material. Therefore, the structure can effectively improve the strength of the main frame on the premise of not changing the existing main frame. Supported by experimental and simulation data comparison research, the main frame adopting the structure of the invention effectively increases the horizontal bending strength of the whole frame, and compared with the traditional main frame, the wind and wave resistance of the main frame is improved by 10-15%.
The cross section of the main frame floating pipe is oval, so that the capability of the main frame floating pipe for resisting the instant action force damage of the anchor rope to the tying point is improved, the flattened pipe has better flatness, high dimensional precision and high surface quality, and the damage of the main frame caused by overload stress is avoided.
The cross section of the main frame system of the invention adopts an approximate rectangular section, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity of the upright post, and the upright post is optimized into a rectangular cylinder shape, which can improve the inherent frequency of the upright post, prevent the damage of the wave vibration frequency to the main frame and is easier to buffer and absorb the vibration fatigue effect of wind, wave and flow.
Part of the pipe parts of the invention adopt an injection molding mode. In the pipe machining process, the I-shaped frame die of the circular sleeve is replaced by the elliptical sleeve for injection molding, so that the production is simple, the operation is convenient, and the cost is saved.
As a preferred mode of the invention, the pipes adopted by the I-shaped frame and the tee joint are injection-molded stainless steel, so that the main frame can be kept in a floating state to avoid sinking into the sea bottom, and the overall strength of the main frame of the net cage is greatly improved.
The main frame of the deepwater net cage is convenient for the thermal welding or sleeving of specially processed pipes with fixed specifications, such as main floating pipes, central area floating pipes, reinforcing rib floating pipes, E-shaped tee joint-like connectors, bevel tee joint connectors, right-angle tee joint connectors, stand columns, hand rails and the like, into the main frame, and can realize the modular production of special pipes of the deepwater net cage so as to reduce the production cost.
The system can improve the overall strength of the deep-water net cage main frame, reduce risks, stabilize the return rate of investment, greatly enlarge the scale of single-box cultivation, and is suitable for building ultra-large net cages. The method is favorable for pushing seawater cage culture from the coastal region and the inner bay to the open sea, expanding a new culture space and realizing safe culture production in an open sea area with the water depth of 20-60 m.
Compared with the traditional pipe, the short pipe with the small cross section is safer and more convenient and saves space when being packed in a centralized way, and containers with the same size are more suitable for batch production and transportation when being packed into the pipe provided by the invention.
According to the triangular-like single-floating-pipe outer frame and the hexagonal double-floating-pipe inner frame, the main frame has higher stability, the main frame is divided into four functional areas through the hexagonal central floating pipe and the three reinforcing-rib floating pipes, and the three triangular-like side areas are respectively provided with the automatic feeding device, the underwater net washing device, the fry thickening device and other matched equipment, so that the net cage system cultivation integrated production can be realized.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
FIG. 1-1 is a front view of a main frame according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 1-2 are enlarged views of a main frame according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a main frame according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is an E-shaped connector according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 shows a butt-jointed tee according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
3-3 are butt-jointed mitre tees according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of a balustrade according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an arcuate bend of a handrail in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-1 is a front view of an I-frame according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6-2 is a top view of an I-shaped rack according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7-1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a handrail in a hollow circle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7-2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow ellipse of the main floating pipe of the frame according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7-3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow rectangular column according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a top view of the main frame according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in a first embodiment of the improved deepwater net cage main frame 1 of the present invention, the main frame comprises a floating pipe, the floating pipe is a hollow elliptical pipe with a horizontal long axis, and the floating pipe is processed by a circular pipe with a rolling reduction rate of 10% to 20%. The reduction ratio is the percentage of the reduction to the diameter of the blank before flattening.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the main frame includes: the floating pipe plane frame comprises a regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and a regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame, wherein three spaced sides of the regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame are parallel to three sides of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame, and the midpoints of the other three spaced sides are right opposite to three angular points of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and are provided with reinforcing rib floating pipes 103 for connection; a guardrail is arranged on the top surface of the floating pipe plane frame in the central area of the regular hexagon; the net cage anchor rope is tied at the corner end of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame, and the net cage outer and inner netting is hung on the regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame and the handrail respectively.
The regular-triangle floating pipe plane frame is formed by connecting three main floating pipes 102, the regular-hexagon central-area floating pipe plane frame is formed by sequentially connecting six central-area inner floating pipes 105 which are connected end to end and three central-area outer floating pipes 104 which are arranged outside the inner floating pipes and are mutually spaced, two ends of each central-area outer floating pipe 104 are respectively connected between two adjacent main floating pipes 102, and the middle point of each outer floating pipe 104 corresponds to the angular point of the regular-triangle floating pipe plane frame.
Two adjacent main floating pipes 102 are connected through an E-shaped tee joint connecting piece 101; the main floating pipe 102 is connected with the two ends of the outer floating pipe 104 and the inner floating pipe 105 through an oblique three-way connecting piece 106; the floating pipe 104 outside the central area is connected with one end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 through a right-angle three-way connecting piece 107, and the other end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 is thermally welded with a middle through hole of an E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101.
The outer floating pipe 104, the inner floating pipe 105 and the main floating pipe 102 are connected together by a plurality of connecting I-shaped frames, and the connecting I-shaped frames have the following structures: two short elliptic sleeves which are horizontally arranged and have long axes horizontally arranged, inner holes of the two short elliptic sleeves are matched with the outer diameter of the floating pipe, the two short elliptic sleeves are connected by connecting plates which are arranged up and down, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the two short elliptic sleeves and between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate for connection; on the top surface of the short elliptic sleeve corresponding to the inner floating pipe, a vertical rectangular tubular base 203 is arranged.
4 pairs of reinforcing plates vertical to the plate surface are respectively arranged on the outer plate surface of the I-shaped frame base 203. The reinforcing plate is connected with the outer walls of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and is intersected at the center of the vertical plate.
The guardrail F comprises a stand column 301, a stand column tee joint 302 and a handrail 4, the cross section of the stand column 301 is rectangular, the lower end of the stand column is sleeved into the rectangular tubular base 203 connected with the I-shaped frame, the upper end of the stand column tee joint 302 is welded, and the handrail 4 penetrates through the stand column tee joint.
The cross section of the handrail tube is hollow and round, a sleeve is added, and anti-skid grains are added on the tube with the round section of the handrail; the shape of the handrail is optimized to be a cylindrical step shape from a cylindrical shape, namely, the middle area between the three handrails is thickened or the sleeve is added to reduce the ratio of the curvature radius to the thickness of the pipe shell.
All the I-shaped frames, the upright posts and the tee joints are special pipes matched with the HDPE-stainless steel frame.
The main frame floating pipe 1 of the first embodiment includes a triangular-like floating pipe outer frame formed by connecting three main floating pipes 102, and further includes three center region outer floating pipes 104, six center region inner floating pipes 105, and three reinforcing rib floating pipes 103, the three center region outer floating pipes 104 are respectively connected between two adjacent main floating pipes 102, so that the three center region outer floating pipes 104 and the main floating pipes 102 enclose a regular hexagon center region B1 and three triangular-like side regions C arranged around the regular hexagon center region B1, and the three reinforcing rib floating pipes 103 are respectively located in the three triangular-like side regions C and connected between the corresponding center region outer floating pipes 104 and the top point portion 101 of the main frame 1.
In the first embodiment, two adjacent main floating pipes 102 are connected through an E-like three-way connection 101, that is, the same side ends of the two adjacent main floating pipes 102 are respectively butted in two outer side through holes of the E-like three-way connection 101; four bevel tee connectors 106 are sleeved on each main floating pipe, namely the main floating pipe 102 is positioned in a main channel of the bevel tee connector 106; two ends of each central floating pipe 104 and 105 are respectively inserted into the side through holes of the two bevel three-way connecting pieces 106; each central region outer floating pipe 104 is sleeved with a right-angle three-way connecting piece 107, namely the central region outer floating pipe 104 is positioned in a main channel of the right-angle three-way connecting piece 107; two ends of each reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 are respectively in thermal welding with a side through hole of a right-angle three-way connecting piece 107 corresponding to one similar triangular side area C and a middle through hole of a corresponding similar E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101.
The top edge of the netting 5 is connected in a regular hexagon central area B1 of the main frame 1 in an inscribed circle mode, the outer net hanging points are all at the positions of regular hexagon floating pipes B1I-shaped frames 2, and the inner net hanging points are handrail frames 4 among the upright three-way 302; the tying box point is arranged at the center 1a of any vertex part E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101 of the triangle-like floating pipe outer frame A.
The floating pipes 1 of the main frame of the first embodiment are all high-density polyethylene plastic oval pipes and are connected by thermal welding. The I-shaped frame 2 and the upright column 301 are fastened and restrained and fixed by pins; the tee joint 302 and the upright column 301 are in thermal welding; the handrail 4 is connected by thermal welding and is fixedly fastened and restricted with the tee 302 by a pin; the outer floating pipes 102 and 104 and the inner floating pipe 105 pass through the I-shaped frame 2 and are fixed to be positioned on the same horizontal plane. The floating pipe joints of the main frame 1 should be kept consistent during thermal welding.
The two ends of the pipe of the first embodiment are welded by heat seal to form an outer triangular single floating pipe frame A and an inner hexagonal double floating pipe central area B1, and the net cage has the functions of keeping the shape integrity of the net cage main frame when resisting wind and waves and improving the typhoon resistance and risk prevention capability of the deepwater net cage.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a guardrail F is installed on the main frame floating pipe 1 of the first embodiment around a regular hexagonal central area B2, the guardrail F is composed of an i-shaped frame base 203, pillars 301, a column tee 302 and balustrades 4, each i-shaped frame base 203 is inserted into one pillar 301, and a balustrade 4 is connected between two adjacent pillars 301.
Referring to fig. 6, an i-shaped frame rectangular cylindrical base 203 for mounting the upright post 3 is vertically arranged on the top surface of the inner bobbin 201 of the main frame floating pipe 1, 4 reinforcing ribs 210 are arranged at the connecting part of the base 203 and the inner bobbin 201, and the reinforcing ribs 210 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the base 203. The cross section of the pipe at the base 203 of the I-shaped frame 2 is shown in figures 7-3.
Referring to fig. 1, the balustrade 4 is horizontally installed on the top surface of the i-frame 2 in this embodiment, the balustrade 4 is located above the inner float tube 105, and the balustrade 4 is a hexagonal frame B2 thermally welded by circular tube members. The cross section of the handrail a pipe is shown in fig. 7-1.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the i-shaped frame 2 is located between the inner floating pipe 105 and the outer floating pipe 104, the i-shaped frames 2 are uniformly distributed along the inner floating pipe and the outer floating pipe of the hexagon B11, the interval between the adjacent i-shaped frames 2 is 1.6-2.5 meters, and the interval between the i-shaped frames is 2 meters in general.
Referring to fig. 2, increasing the girth of the cage culture is an embodiment of the present invention, increasing the number of i-shaped frames 2 can effectively protect the floating pipes 1 and improve the overall strength and stability of the main frame O. The number of the I-shaped frames 2 is increased in the stress concentration area to reduce the distance between the I-shaped frames 2, and two sides of a right-angle tee 107 for connecting the reinforcing rib floating pipe 103 and the central area outer floating pipe 104 are restrained by the double I-shaped frames 2.
Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the i-shaped frame 2 is formed by injection molding and mainly comprises an i-shaped connecting i-shaped frame 205, an inner cylinder 201 and an outer cylinder 202 for respectively installing the inner floating pipe 105 and the outer floating pipe 104. The two ends of the connecting I-shaped frame 2 are connected to the barrel bodies of the inner barrel 201 and the outer barrel 202 which are horizontally arranged, and the connecting I-shaped frame 205 comprises a pair of horizontal plates 205 and 209 and a vertical plate 206 which is vertically arranged between the horizontal plates, so that the cross section of the I-shaped frame 2 is I-shaped. The I-shaped frame 2 is buckled with 3 outer floating pipes 104 and 105 in the central area and the main floating pipes 102 and 105, and is fixed by pins at an I-shaped frame base 210.
The frame system design of the invention will bring the following beneficial effects:
as a preferred mode of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, when a certain size of a round-section pipe blank is basically formed in a specific processing procedure, a workpiece is placed in a rolling mill to be formed by hot flattening rolling. When the flattening rolling process is carried out, the tube can select the flattening rate according to the actual strength requirement. The tensile strength, plasticity and mechanical property of the special frame O pipe flattened and rolled by the circular section pipe are improved.
In addition, certain heat treatment operation is required subsequently to be carried out on the flattened pipe so as to reduce the problems of deformation, burrs and the like caused by flattening rolling, and meanwhile, higher hardness and good surface quality can be obtained through proper heat treatment, so that the appearance is more attractive.
Compared with the traditional pipe, the pipe provided by the invention is formed by flattening and rolling, has stronger operability, is more economical when actually resisting the same-grade stormy waves, saves the cost and has obvious advantages. The side surface is flat and horizontal, so that the processed workpieces can be placed by workers, the working efficiency is improved, and the circular section pipe is prevented from being unstable and sliding off in the placing and arranging process.
The frame of the present invention will also provide the following benefits for the mooring system design:
the frame is tied the case point 1a and is implemented the reinforcement process design, tie the case point 1a position and know foretell, zero attack angle and attack angle face invariable and make the stress surface solidify, the oval cross-section of the main frame, etc. special tubular product structure is more reasonable, so the invention can strengthen the structure of the case point 1a of attack angle through the special process treatment, solve the technological problem that the stress point of the main frame collapses or is easy to break.
The working principle of the main frame of the deepwater net cage is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, when the main frame of the invention is subjected to the resultant force in the horizontal direction of wind, wave and flow in the direction of V1 and the main frame is balanced by the resultant force in the direction of V1, the anchor rope at the position of the box tying point 1a is tightened, the main frame automatically rotates to the position where the resultant force in the direction of W1 reaches the box tying point 1a first, and at this time, the most dangerous components of the main frame of the deepwater net cage are the resultant acting force area of wind, wave and flow in the direction of V1, namely the box tying point 1a and the main floating pipe and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, when the main frame 1 of the present invention receives a resultant force in the horizontal direction of wind, wave, and current in the V1 direction, the position is finally rotated to the S1 position. The anchor rope is tightened by the main frame B1 under the action of the resultant force in the V1 direction, the included angle between the center line of the main frame 1 and the E-shaped three-way connecting piece 101 and the V1 direction is 0 degree, the resultant force of wind, wave and current reaches the position of a box tying point 1a first, and the destructive maximum of the resultant force of wind, wave and current on the main frame O of the net cage is in the V1 horizontal direction.
Because the main frame 1 can rotate around the mooring box point 1a under the action force of the anchor rope weight 6 and the unbalanced resultant action force of wind, wave and current to adjust the position, the areas of the wave-facing side and the back wave side of the main frame at the final position are unchanged, and the stress characteristics are consistent.
When the wind, the wave and the current act on the main frame O to form unbalanced acting force, the main frame O can rotate around the mooring box point under the acting force of the anchor rope and the unbalanced resultant acting force of the wind, the wave and the current. The main frames such as the oval pipes of the deepwater net cage are suitable for buffering and absorbing the instant acting force of wind, wave and flow, and can avoid the damage caused by the stress overload on the main frames.
The frame O is a thin-shell rod static structure and is subjected to stretch bending combined deformation when bearing wind and wave loads, the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 can be simplified into a simple beam model, namely the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 are respectively constrained by the hinged support-I-shaped frame 2 and the hinged support-upright three-way 302 only at two ends. The floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 mainly bear positive bending moment and mainly have bending stress, and the upright column 301 mainly has tensile stress and compressive stress. Therefore, the rigidity of the section of the frame is improved by optimizing the section shape of the pipe.
The floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 bear loads such as netting A and wind waves, stress models of the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 are lever models, according to the lever principle, the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 reduce deformation due to reduction of a power arm caused by the supporting and protecting effects of the I-shaped frame 2 and the upright tee 302, the I-shaped frame 2 and the upright tee 302 have obvious effects on protecting the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4, and therefore the number of the I-shaped frames 2 is increased.
Referring to fig. 1-1 and 4, when the handrail 4 bears the netting a and the wind and wave load, the stress is concentrated in the contact area between the i-shaped frame base and the upright post. The stress form of the upright column 301 is a cantilever beam model, and the stress point is an upright column tee joint 302 area and the fixed point is an I-shaped frame 2 area. The maximum stress is the contact area of the stud 301 with the base 203. Therefore, the upright column 301 is optimized from a cylindrical shape to a rectangular cylinder shape, the base 203 is reinforced, and four rib plates 210 are added.
When the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 bear the netting A and the wind wave load, the floating pipe 1 and the I-shaped frame sleeve; the stress form of the contact area of the handrail 4 and the upright post tee 302 sleeve is a tension-compression rod model, namely the stress action line acting on the upright post 301 is superposed with the axis of the upright post 301, and the floating pipe 1 and the I-shaped frame sleeve are arranged in the sleeve; the contact area of the handrail 4 and the upright post tee joint 302 generates axial compression to generate larger stress, so the invention properly increases the contact area of the I-shaped frame 2 and the tee joint 302 sleeve with the floating pipe 1 and the handrail 4 to improve the stress strength of the frame O.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the triangular floating pipe 1 and the hexagonal handrail 4 have the largest stress concentration and deformation when bearing wind and wave loads, which are the triangular frame corner region 108 and the hexagonal corner region 402 respectively. Therefore, the corner of the triangular floating pipe 1 and the hexagonal handrail 4 is optimized and increased by the transition of the fillet part with the arc curvature.
The O-shaped pipes of the sixty-three type deep water net cage frame are not bent, are all finished by straight pipe thermal welding and sleeving and inserting assembly, and are suitable for processing and mounting stainless steel pipes. Therefore, the invention designs and develops a special pipe matched with the HDPE-stainless steel frame O, and the I-shaped frame 2, the upright column 301 and the tee joint 302 are made of stainless steel pipes, so that the cost is reduced and the strength and the rigidity of the frame O are greatly improved under the floating state of the frame O.
The maximum positive bending stress is proportional to the bending moment and inversely proportional to the bending section coefficient (modulus). The bending section coefficient W is an index of the deformation resistance of the section of the polyethylene pipe, is only related to the shape of the section and the position of a middle shaft, and comprehensively reflects the influence of the shape and the size of the section on the bending normal stress.
Example two
Referring to fig. 8, the deepwater net cage frame according to the second embodiment of the present invention may adopt any one of the pipe construction manners described in the first embodiment, except that: the main frame is in a ring shape formed by heat-seal welding of an inner floating pipe and an outer floating pipe which are connected by an I-shaped frame.
Claims (6)
1. An improved deepwater net cage main frame (1) is characterized in that a floating pipe is arranged in the main frame, and the improved deepwater net cage main frame is characterized in that: the floating pipe is a hollow elliptical pipe with a horizontal long shaft, and is made of a round pipe with a reduction rate of 10% -20%, wherein the reduction rate refers to the percentage of the ratio of reduction to the diameter of the blank before flattening;
the main frame includes: the floating pipe plane frame comprises a regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and a regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame, wherein three spaced sides of the regular hexagon central area floating pipe plane frame are parallel to three sides of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame, and the middle points of the other three spaced sides are right opposite to three angular points of the regular triangle floating pipe plane frame and are provided with reinforcing rib floating pipes (103) for connection; a guardrail (F) is arranged on the top surface of the floating pipe plane frame in the regular hexagonal central area; net cage anchor ropes are tied at the corner ends of the regular-triangle floating pipe plane frames, and net cage outer and inner net covers are hung on the regular-hexagon central area floating pipe plane frames and the hand rails respectively;
regular triangle floats a tub of planar frame and connects by three owner and floats pipe (102) and form, regular hexagon center float tub of planar frame in by six in proper order end to end connection center in float tub (105) and establish outside the interior flotation tube and three center that separate each other float tub (104) and form, center outside float tub both ends connect respectively between two adjacent owner float tub, the mid point that floats outside the tub promptly corresponds regular triangle floats the angular point of tub of planar frame.
2. The improved deepwater net cage main frame as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: two adjacent main floating pipes (102) are connected through an E-shaped tee joint (101); the main floating pipe (102) is connected with the two ends of the outer floating pipe (104) and the inner floating pipe (105) through an oblique three-way connecting piece (106); the middle point of the outer floating pipe (104) is connected with one end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe (103) through a right-angle three-way connecting piece (107), and the other end of the reinforcing rib floating pipe (103) is in thermal welding with a middle through hole of the E-shaped three-way connecting piece (101).
3. An improved deepwater net cage main frame as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the inner floating pipe (105), the outer floating pipe (104) and the main floating pipe (102) are connected together through a plurality of connecting I-shaped frames, and the connecting I-shaped frames are structurally characterized in that: the inner holes of the two short elliptic sleeves are matched with the outer diameter of the floating pipe, the two short elliptic sleeves are connected by connecting plates up and down, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the two short elliptic sleeves and between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; and a vertical rectangular tubular base (203) is arranged on the top surface of the short elliptic sleeve corresponding to the inner floating pipe.
4. An improved deepwater net cage main frame as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that:
guardrail (F) include stand (301), stand tee bend (302) and handrail (4), the stand cross section is the rectangle, the lower extreme suit is gone into in the rectangle tubulose base (203) of connecting the I-shaped frame, upper end and stand tee bend welding, the handrail passes the stand tee bend.
5. An improved deepwater net cage main frame as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the cross section of the handrail tube is hollow and round, and a sleeve is additionally arranged; the circular section pipe of the handrail is provided with anti-skid grains; the shape of the handrail is optimized to be a cylindrical step shape from a cylindrical shape, namely, the middle area between the three handrails is thickened or the sleeve is added to reduce the ratio of the curvature radius to the thickness of the pipe shell.
6. An improved deepwater net cage main frame as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the connecting I-shaped frame, the upright post and the upright post tee joint are special pipes matched with an HDPE-stainless steel frame.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610848915.7A CN106332825B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | Improved main frame of deepwater net cage |
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| CN201610848915.7A CN106332825B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | Improved main frame of deepwater net cage |
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| CN106332825A CN106332825A (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| CN106332825B true CN106332825B (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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| CN201610848915.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106332825B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | Improved main frame of deepwater net cage |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106804501B (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2020-03-24 | 日照市万泽丰渔业有限公司 | 'diamond' type current-resistant wind wave-resistant deepwater aquaculture net cage |
| CN107114288B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2019-08-30 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of net cage float tube frame construction method |
| CN109835625B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2024-01-26 | 太仓中集特种物流装备有限公司 | Container |
| CN110384060A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-29 | 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司 | Deep water mesh cage |
| CN108739578A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 黄骅市奥拓雷斯机电模具有限公司 | Rise and fall lift sea aquiculture net cage |
| CN110892875B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2024-06-07 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术股份有限公司 | Bottom net cage of multipoint mooring system |
| CN109295888B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2024-03-19 | 沈阳广信先锋交通高技术有限公司 | Portable vehicle blocking tire breaker with plastic film tire breaking nail mounting bracket |
| CN110973030B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-03-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Fully-submerged array type breeding equipment |
| CN113317252A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-31 | 福建亚通新材料科技股份有限公司 | Flow-reducing wind wave-resistant deepwater net cage |
| CN114223595A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-03-25 | 珠海深远海洋科技有限公司 | Movable bottom-sitting type ocean platform net cage structure and construction method thereof |
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