CN106323727A - Particle separation device and method based on microchannel intra-liquid pull effect - Google Patents

Particle separation device and method based on microchannel intra-liquid pull effect Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106323727A
CN106323727A CN201611039476.1A CN201611039476A CN106323727A CN 106323727 A CN106323727 A CN 106323727A CN 201611039476 A CN201611039476 A CN 201611039476A CN 106323727 A CN106323727 A CN 106323727A
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liquid
split tunnel
micro
passage
granule
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CN106323727B (en
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王俊生
江佳威
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Dalian Maritime University
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Dalian Maritime University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34Purifying; Cleaning

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Abstract

The invention discloses a particle separation device and method based on microchannel intra-liquid pull effect. The device comprises a microfluidics chip, a control module and a micro-injection pump. The microfluidics chip is successively provided with a microfluidics chip body and a substrate from top to bottom. The microfluidics chip body is concavely engraved with N separation channels successively connected end to end. The junction and the head and tail ends of the separation channels are provided with liquid storage holes. The control module is communicated with an electromagnetic micro-valve positioned at the certain position behind the junction hole in the separation channels. The separation channels are opened and closed by adjusting the action of the electromagnetic micro-valve. The micro-injection pump is communicated with the liquid inlet hole of the first separation channel, and the flow rate of the liquid is improved by adjusting the speed of the injected air. The device has the characteristics of low cost and simple structure, and is capable of performing the fast online separation.

Description

A kind of based on the particle sorting apparatus of liquid pulling force effect in microchannel and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to different size solid particle separation technology field in liquid, particularly relate to a kind of based on micro-logical The particle sorting apparatus of liquid pulling force effect and method in road.
Background technology
The separation tool realizing different size granule in liquid is of great significance.As a example by lubricating oil, lubricating fluid It is widely applied in motive power machine equipment as industry " blood ", lubricating fluid actually comprises a large amount of pollutant, wherein Harm with solid pollutant is the most serious.The hardness of solid particulate matter is higher, easily causes the mill of plant equipment moving component Damage;These solid particles are with the abundant information of motive power machine equipment friction pair duty simultaneously, therefore by distinguishing difference Dimension solid particles thing, it is possible to for evaluating the duty of plant equipment and predicting that the malfunction of this plant equipment is provided with Radix Talini Paniculati is examined.In order to ensure the safe operation of plant equipment, reduce maintenance cost, detect in real time for running status and become machine The requisite link of tool Condition Detection, it is the most very important part that lubricating oil carries out detection.
At present conventional different size granule isolation technics, can be divided into following a few class according to the difference of operation principle:
1) centrifuging: for centrifugal separation method, in order to reach required separating effect, all of fluid system must The state of motion must be in.This requirement is beyond one's reach in some cases, the most also can give detection and the system of analysis fortune Row work brings extra difficulty.
2) KINETIC METHOD: for kinetics separation method, the geometry of fixed obstacle by decision systems point From efficiency.And when needing to change separation parameter for those, this will greatly limit the use of this method.
3) dielectrophoresis method: for dielectrophoresis separation method, system needs to construct extremely complex chip, and It is difficult to collect the granule separated.
4) magnetic separation point-score: for magnetic separation separation method, granule must be ferromagnetic particle, this granule to separating Scope can cause the biggest restriction.
5) acoustic method: for the separation method of acoustics, it is contemplated that cube being directly proportional of sound power and particle radii, this Method is generally not suitable for little granule.
Said method all also exists that energy supply demand is big, reagent dosage is many, disengaging time length, the high deficiency of separation expense it Place, has bigger limitation, it is impossible to fully meet current granule separation field low cost, quick, easy testing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed in view of prior art, the invention aims to provide a kind of with low cost, simple in construction, can be fast Carry out fastly generalization in ON-LINE SEPARATION, field strong for the segregation apparatus of different size granule in liquid, thus be liquid Analysis provide reference, it is achieved liquid on-line detect.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of based on the particle sorting apparatus of liquid pulling force effect in microchannel, it includes micro-fluidic chip, control module With air injection element, it is characterised in that:
The upper recess thereof that includes described micro-fluidic chip is carved with the micro-fluidic chip body of the most end to end split tunnel of N bar And cooperate to constitute the substrate of flow channel for liquids, wherein N 2 with described micro-fluidic chip body;
And the initiating terminal of Article 1 split tunnel is provided with inlet opening, the end of N article of split tunnel arranges waste liquid hole, and Two end to end split tunnels are connected by hole, boundary and arranges on the rear split tunnel corresponding to this hole, boundary Element is controlled in order to control the passage of this split tunnel break-make;
Described control module controls element with each passage being arranged on each split tunnel respectively and is connected, with according to needing control Make corresponding passage control element and realize the control process of each split tunnel break-make;
Described air injection element connects with described inlet opening, to push sky in inlet opening according to set speed Gas.
Further, preferred as the present invention:
Described air injection element uses micro-injection pump.
Further, preferred as the present invention:
Described passage controls element and uses electromagnetic micro valve.
Further, preferred as the present invention:
Described split tunnel is oblong channel.
Another object of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of method carrying out granule separation based on above-mentioned particle sorting apparatus, and it is special Levy and be, comprise the steps:
1) first regulation control module controls each passage and controls element so that each passage controls element and is in closure state;
2) in inlet opening, drip a certain amount of fluid sample, make full whole first split tunnel of fluid sample stream, at liquid After granule in body precipitates in the bottom wall of the first split tunnel, in inlet opening, push air with constant speed, Until during in the first split tunnel, liquid all converges to the first hole, boundary;
3) regulation control module opens first passage control element, makes the fluid sample stream in the first hole, boundary full second Split tunnel, after granule in a liquid precipitates in the bottom wall of the second split tunnel, increase air injection rate, until During in second split tunnel, liquid all converges to the second hole, boundary;;
4) according to step 3, open remaining passage successively and control element, until liquid all converges in n-th split tunnel To in waste liquid hole.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) invention of this use uses micro-fluidic chip as separating the platform of different size granule in liquid, and relevant separation sets Standby volume is little, lightweight;Compared to large-scale valuable particle separation apparatus, have simple to operate, convenient operation, it is simple to carry Feature.
2) separation principle of the present invention and isolation technics are relatively simple, and the design of microfluidic channel is easy, it is simple to Realize, there is the strongest actual operation.
3) present invention is used to need not split tunnel and granule to be separated are processed and labelling before separating, separation efficiency High.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of segregation apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of micro-fluidic chip of the present invention;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is embodiment experimental result picture.
In figure: 1, inlet opening, the 2, first hole, boundary, the 3, second hole, boundary, 4, waste liquid hole, the 5, first split tunnel, 6, Two split tunnels, the 7, the 3rd split tunnel, the 8, first electromagnetic micro valve, the 9, second electromagnetic micro valve, 10, micro-injection pump, 11, control Module, 12, micro-fluidic chip body, 13, substrate.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, attached below in conjunction with in the embodiment of the present invention Figure, is clearly and completely described technical scheme, it is clear that described embodiment is that a part of the present invention is real Execute example rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation The every other embodiment obtained under property work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
So-called liquid pulling force effect refers to rely on the liquid viscous effect to granule so that can drive granule during liquid motion Action together.Liquid moves along circulating direction under the impetus of air, along with the interface of air with liquid is moved along, Having one layer of liquid film and stay in the bottom wall of passage, the granule being smaller in size than this thickness of liquid film will be left, now passage Bottom is more than the liquid pulling force to granule to the frictional resistance of granule;And the liquid pulling force that remaining bulky grain is subject to is relatively big, can be with Liquid to continue to be moved along, this can be achieved with various sizes of granule and separates.Grain sorting principle then pushes sky by control The speed of gas controls the velocity interpolation of the movement of air and liquid interface, and air-driven speed is the fastest, the liquid film stayed Thickness is the biggest, and the size of the internal granule that can stay of liquid film is the biggest.
Based on above-mentioned design background, the present invention devises a kind of separation based on the granule of liquid pulling force effect in microchannel and fills Put and method, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment further illustrates technical scheme:
Specific embodiment: as it is shown in figure 1, a kind of based on the particle sorting apparatus of liquid pulling force effect in microchannel, including: Micro-fluidic chip, described micro-fluidic chip includes setting gradually micro-fluidic chip body 12 and substrate 13 from top to bottom;Described micro- Fluidic chip main body 12 fovea superior be carved with 3 end to end, for separating the split tunnel of different size granule in liquid;Described 3 split tunnels be oblong channel, 3 split tunnels include successively be arranged at the initiating terminal of the first split tunnel Throw the inlet opening 1 of sample for fluid sample, be arranged at the hole, boundary 2 and 3 of split tunnel intersection two-by-two, be arranged at the 3rd separation The waste liquid hole 4 of passage end end.
The first described electromagnetic micro valve 8 and the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 lay respectively at the first split tunnel 5 and the second split tunnel Certain distance behind hole, boundary 3 between certain distance position, the second split tunnel 6 and the 3rd split tunnel 7 behind hole, boundary 2 between 6 Position;When first split tunnel 5 carries out granule separation so that the first electromagnetic micro valve 8 is closed;First split tunnel 5 granule separates After end so that the first electromagnetic micro valve 8 is opened, the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 is closed;Second split tunnel 6 granule separates after terminating, and makes Obtain the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 to open.
Described control module 11, controls element i.e. electromagnetic micro valve with the passage being placed in each passage and is connected, be used for controlling Make opening and Guan Bi of above-mentioned first electromagnetic micro valve 8 and the second electromagnetic micro valve 9, thus realize open circuit and the open circuit of split tunnel, The granule separated in remaining liq for next stage is prepared;
Described micro-injection pump 10, communicates, at a given speed to inlet opening with the inlet opening of described first split tunnel In push air so that air push in passage liquid flowing, along with air and the movement of liquid interface, push away at air The region crossed can leave one layer of liquid film, is controlled the speed of the movement of air and liquid interface by the speed controlling air, Thus control the thickness of the liquid film with passage bottom attachment, and the granule being smaller in size than this thickness of liquid film can be left, large scale Granule can move forward along with moving of interface, thus achieve the separation of different size granule.
To separate as a example by different size solid particle in lubricating oil below,
In lubricating oil, the segregation apparatus of different size granule is as it is shown in figure 1, it is mainly by micro-fluidic chip, electromagnetic micro valve and Additional micro-injection pump 10, control module 11 forms.As in figure 2 it is shown, micro-fluidic chip is by micro-fluidic chip body 12 and base Plate 13 is constituted, and wherein micro-fluidic chip body 12 is made up of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) material, and substrate 13 is by PMMA (poly-first Base acrylic acid methyl ester .) make, i.e. lucite.There is between PDMS material and PMMA material good adhesiveness, and have good Good chemical inertness;And figure it is seen that there are 3 split tunnels in micro-fluidic chip body, to complete in liquid 3 kinds The separation process of different size granule;The order simultaneously separated according to granule in micro-fluidic chip body 12 is disposed with liquid Sample inlet opening 1, the first split tunnel 5, the first hole, boundary 2, the first electromagnetic micro valve 8, the second split tunnel 6, the second hole, boundary 3, the second electromagnetic micro valve 9, the 3rd split tunnel 7, waste liquid hole 4;Corresponding experimental result instance graph is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
The method carrying out granule separation based on above-mentioned particle sorting apparatus, comprises the steps
1) being first according to granule separating step needs regulation control module 11 to control the opening and closing of each electromagnetic micro valve, i.e. makes Operationally, the first electromagnetic micro valve 8 is closed the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 simultaneously and is closed first split tunnel 5, At the end of the first split tunnel 5 separates, the first electromagnetic micro valve 8 is opened, and the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 is closed simultaneously, liquid Body flows to the second split tunnel 6 and carries out lock out operation, and when the second split tunnel 6 has operated, the second electromagnetic micro valve 9 is opened, Liquid flows to the 3rd split tunnel 7 and carries out lock out operation.
2) dripping appropriate fluid sample at inlet opening 1 with pipettor, now fluid sample can flow the most whole first point From passage 5, the granule in liquid can be attached in the bottom wall of passage.Secondly, micro-injection pump 10 is regulated so that it is keep perseverance Fixed speed pushes air in inlet opening 1, now enters the air of the first split tunnel 5 and can push liquid and move forward, with The interface air and liquid is moved along, and has one layer of liquid film and stays in the bottom wall of passage, and is smaller in size than this liquid The granule of film thickness will be left, and bulky grain can continue to be moved along along with liquid, and this can be achieved with various sizes of granule Separate;Liquid in last first split tunnel 5 all converges in the first hole, boundary 2, and such first separation phase just finishes, Isolated granule
Can stay in the first split tunnel.And it should be noted that air-driven speed is the fastest, the thickness of liquid film stayed
The biggest, the size of the internal granule that can stay of liquid film is the biggest.
3) the first electromagnetic micro valve 8 action is now controlled so that the liquid in the first hole, boundary 2 flows to second point
In passage 6;Regulation micro-injection pump 10 again, strengthens the speed injecting air, operating principle and first
Split tunnel 5 is identical, and such second split tunnel 6 can obtain the granule larger than the first split tunnel 5.
4) in like manner, the 3rd split tunnel 7 can obtain again the granule larger than the second split tunnel 6.Certainly
Several split tunnels can also be designed, to realize the separation of more various sizes of granule more.
It should be noted that when liquid to the pulling force of granule more than or equal to passage to the frictional force of granule time, granule
Will be with liquid flow forward together, without being trapped on wall.
The formula of its correspondence is:
FDR≥μFAD
FDRBeing the liquid pulling force to granule, μ is coefficient of friction, FADIt is the stickiness power between bottom surface and granule.
Wherein:
FDR=6 π η υ r
η is the dynamic viscosity of liquid, and υ is the speed of liquid motion, and r is the radius of granule.
FAD=-Fvdw-FBG
FvdwIt is Van der Waals force, FBGIt it is making a concerted effort of gravity and buoyancy.
F v d w = ∂ U v ∂ d = A 6 ( a d 2 + a ( d + 2 a ) 2 - a d ( d + 2 a ) ) ( λ λ + s d ) + A 6 ( a d + a ( d + 2 a ) - ln d d + 2 a ) ( λ ( λ + s d ) 2 )
A is Ha Meike constant, and A=0.4 × 10 21J, a are the radiuses of granule, and d is granule and channel wall
Distance, λ=1 × 10 7, s=11.116.
F B G = 4 3 πa 3 ( ρ p - ρ o i l )
ρpIt is the density of granule, ρoilBeing the density of liquid, λ is London characteristic wavelength, and s is the correction of formula
Coefficient.
Therefore, the speed that air pushes away can not be too big, otherwise when liquid to the viscous drag of granule and more than granule with
Frictional force between wall, can cause granule all to flow with liquid, thus can not well separate.
The embodiment of the present invention is provided a particle sorting apparatus and method to be based on microflow control technique, control technology and liquid Proposing on pulling force effect principle between body and granule, its used technology and principle are the most fairly simple, so that institute Stating segregation apparatus and have equipment simply, be convenient for carrying, reagent dosage is few, detection efficiency advantages of higher.It can be said that the present invention A kind of new method is provided for the separation of different size granule in liquid.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to technical scheme and Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. based on a particle sorting apparatus for liquid pulling force effect in microchannel, it include micro-fluidic chip, control module and Air injection element, it is characterised in that:
The upper recess thereof that includes described micro-fluidic chip be carved with the most end to end split tunnel of N bar micro-fluidic chip body and Cooperate to constitute the substrate of flow channel for liquids, wherein N 2 with described micro-fluidic chip body;And Article 1 split tunnel Initiating terminal is provided with inlet opening, and the end of N article of split tunnel arranges waste liquid hole, and two end to end split tunnels are led to Cross hole, boundary connect and arrange to control the logical of this split tunnel break-make on the rear split tunnel corresponding to this hole, boundary Road controls element;
Described control module controls element with each passage being arranged on each split tunnel respectively and is connected, with according to needing control phase The passage answered controls element and realizes the control process that each split tunnel cut-offs;
Described air injection element connects with described inlet opening, to push air in inlet opening according to set speed.
Particle sorting apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described air injection element uses micro-injection pump.
Particle sorting apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described passage controls element and uses electromagnetic micro valve.
Particle sorting apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described split tunnel is oblong channel.
5. the method that a particle sorting apparatus according to claim 1 carries out granule separation, it is characterised in that: include as Lower step:
1) first regulation control module controls each passage and controls element so that each passage controls element and is in closure state;
2) at inlet opening, drip a certain amount of fluid sample, make full whole first split tunnel of fluid sample stream, in liquid After granule precipitates in the bottom wall of the first split tunnel, in inlet opening, push air with constant speed, until passage Interior liquid all converges in the first hole, boundary;
3) open first passage and control element, make full second split tunnel of the fluid sample stream in the first hole, boundary, in liquid Granule precipitate in the bottom wall of the second split tunnel, increase air injection rate, until liquid all converges in passage In second hole, boundary;
4) according to step 3, open remaining passage successively and control element, until liquid all converges to give up in n-th split tunnel Till in fluid apertures.
CN201611039476.1A 2016-11-21 2016-11-21 Particle separation device and method based on liquid tension effect in micro-channel Active CN106323727B (en)

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