CN106320377A - Water-rich soft soil area deep foundation pit cover and excavation top-down construction method - Google Patents
Water-rich soft soil area deep foundation pit cover and excavation top-down construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106320377A CN106320377A CN201610797321.8A CN201610797321A CN106320377A CN 106320377 A CN106320377 A CN 106320377A CN 201610797321 A CN201610797321 A CN 201610797321A CN 106320377 A CN106320377 A CN 106320377A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
- E02D29/055—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench further excavation of the cross-section proceeding underneath an already installed part of the structure, e.g. the roof of a tunnel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of civil engineering, and discloses a water-rich soft soil area deep foundation pit cover and excavation top-down construction method. The method comprises the multiple steps that 1, a foundation pit is excavated to the position of a negative second layer plate, and a soil mold is adopted for pouring negative second layer bottom plate concrete; 2, earthwork below negative second and third layer concrete bottom plates is subjected to cover and excavation, a support is erected, and a bottom plate is constructed; 3, the support is dismantled, and side walls, stand columns and a top plate are constructed; and 4, after the strength of side walls and a top plate in the negative first layer meets design requirements, a first concrete support is dismantled. According to the method, cover and excavation construction is adopted, a steel supporting frame is erected in the cover rand excavation process, meanwhile, bottom plate construction and concrete pouring operation are carried out, meanwhile, side wall, stand column and top plate construction is carried out, and the safety problems existing in the prior art are solved; and the construction method is rapid, effective and particularly applicable to water-rich soft soil area deep pit construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering construction technology field, particularly to a kind of rich water soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging
Construction method.
Background technology
Deep-foundation pit engineering refers to the earth excavation of foundation ditch (groove) of more than cutting depth 5m, dewatering project, and excavation of foundation pit is
A comprehensive engineering roadblock in foundation construction and high-rise basement construction, relates to the many problems in soil mechanics, simultaneously
Relating to the common problems in role of soil and supporting construction, its construction method and technology are extremely important.Carrying out excavation
Time, generally including open-cut and lid excavation construction, open-cut refers to first all be excavated, so by rock (native) body of tunnel site
After build barrel, portal, then carry out the construction method backfilled, lid excavation construction be faced down by ground and be excavated to certain depth after, will
Top seal, remaining bottom engineering is constructed under the top cover closed.
When rich water soft clay area carries out deep foundation pit construction, such as fruit structure design, earth excavation machine fall level of ground water etc.
It is improper to manage, it is easy to the adverse effect such as cause that the earthwork is subsided, and serious consequence is hardly imaginable.Prior art is entered in rich water soft clay area
During row deep foundation pit construction, have a problem in that
1, being difficult to determine construction method reasonable, effective, causing there is potential safety hazard, efficiency of construction is low simultaneously；
2, comprising silt clay layer and farinose argillic horizon due to rich water soft clay area, its bearing capacity of foundation slab is low, the end of at
On plate, during construction, support is had bad luck, is set up the job very difficults such as support；
3, at the built-in soil of foundation ditch, lifting, when soil is circulated operation, owing to construction method and order are the most right, cause making
Industry is inefficient.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: due to construction party when overcoming prior art to carry out deep foundation pit construction in rich water soft clay area
The most perfect the caused potential safety hazard of method and the low problem of efficiency of construction, it is provided that a kind of rich water soft clay area deep basal pit lid digs
Reversed construction method, the method uses lid excavation construction, sets up bracing members frame during lid digs, and carries out construction of bottom plates simultaneously and mixes
Solidifying soil cast work, and carry out side wall, column and top board construction, solving safety issue present in prior art, this is executed
Work method is quickly effective, is particularly well-suited to the dell construction of rich water soft clay area, has bigger application value.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides techniques below scheme:
A kind of hydrous fluids soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, sets deep basal pit as four-layer structure, wherein bears
One layer and negative two layers uses open-cut, and negative three layers and negative four layers is lid excavation construction, and ground is provided with the 1st road concrete and supports, on ground
It is disposed with the 2nd road between face and negative one layer to support and the support of the 3rd road, between negative one layer and negative two layers, is disposed with the 4th
Road supports and the 5th road supports, and covered back-digging is constructed and included following multiple step:
When a, excavation of foundation pit are to negative two layers of position, use clay model, the negative two layers of underplate concrete of cast, and the construction of reserved side wall
Seam；
B, reaching after design strength requires until negative two layers of base plate, lid digs the earthwork of negative two layers of base plate lower position, excavates extremely
Set up the 6th road when setting Support Position to support, be excavated to negative Tipple Bottom Board position, and pour into a mould negative Tipple Bottom board concrete；
C, reaching after design strength requires until negative Tipple Bottom plate, lid digs the earthwork of negative Tipple Bottom plate lower position, excavates extremely
Set up the 7th road when setting Support Position to support, be excavated to base plate position, and bottom board concrete；
D, reaching after design strength requires until base plate strength, remove the 7th road and support, the negative four layers of side wall of construction and negative four layers stand
Post；
E, reach after design requires until negative four layers of side wall intensity, remove the 6th road and support, and negative three layers of side wall of constructing, negative three layers
Column；
F, reach after design requires until negative three layers of side wall intensity, remove the 4th road and the 5th road supports, the negative two layers of side wall of construction, negative
Two layers of column and negative one layer base plate；
G, reaching after design requires until negative two layers of side wall, negative one layer base plate strength, remove the 2nd road and the 3rd road supports, construction is negative
One layer of side wall, negative one layer column and top board；
H, reach after design requires, to remove first concrete and support until negative one layer side wall, strength of roof.
Take aforesaid way, by taking above-mentioned covered back-digging construction method, during lid digs, i.e. set up bracing members frame,
Carry out construction of bottom plates and concrete cast work simultaneously, and carry out side wall, column and top board construction, solve in prior art and deposit
Safety issue, this construction method is quickly effective, is particularly well-suited to the dell construction of rich water soft clay area.
Preferably, rich water soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method includes that earthwork construction, earthwork construction include
Following steps:
I1, along foundation ditch length direction foundation ditch is divided into four unit, including first module, second unit, Unit the 3rd and
Unit the 4th, and soil outlet is set at each unit, it is included in first module and the first soil outlet is set, arrange at second unit
Two soil outlets, arrange the 3rd soil outlet at Unit the 3rd, and configure crawler type grabbing arrangement, and described 3rd soil outlet is single from the 3rd
Unit extends to Unit the 4th；
I2, foundation ditch is carried out longitudinal layered excavation, including the 9th layer, the tenth layer, eleventh floor, Floor 12, the 13rd
Layer and the 14th layer, described 9th layer, the tenth layer and eleventh floor between negative two layers and negative three layers, described Floor 12,
Bearing between three layers and negative four layers for 13rd layer and the 14th layer, corresponding multiple flowing water scopes after each unit layering, including stream
Water the 12nd scope, flowing water the 13rd scope, flowing water the 14th scope, flowing water the 15th scope and flowing water the 16th scope；
After i3, first module are born two layers of construction of bottom plates and completed, and intensity reaches 90%, the first soil outlet carry out the 9th layer of soil
Side's excavation, in the range of completing flowing water the 12nd after middle groove excavation, laterally opens up limit, sets up first module the 6th road and support；
I4, bear after two layers of construction of bottom plates complete until second unit, continue to dig middle groove to the second soil outlet position to center mileage
Putting end, be back to the first soil outlet and laterally open up limit, the earthwork is had bad luck and is gone out to the second soil outlet handling, sets up second unit in time
The materials such as the 6th road supports, bracing members are hung in by the second soil outlet, install, are carrying out the 9th layer of earthwork flowing water the 13rd model
When enclosing excavation, the tenth layer of earthwork flowing water the 13rd scope earth excavation should be carried out simultaneously；
I5, bear after two layers of construction of bottom plates complete until Unit the 3rd, continue in center mileage excavates groove to the 3rd soil outlet
Terminating, be back to the second soil outlet and laterally open up limit, the earthwork is had bad luck and is gone out to the 3rd soil outlet handling, and bracing members is by the 3rd soil outlet
Hang in and install, when carrying out the 9th laminar flow of water the 14th scope excavation, carry out the tenth laminar flow of water the 14th scope soil simultaneously
Side's excavation；
I6, after eleventh floor flowing water the 15th scope and flowing water the 16th scope earthwork have all been excavated, carry out negative three
Layer first module construction of bottom plates, carries out lower road earth excavation after reaching 90% intensity；
I7, the tenth layer and the 13rd layer of earthwork can directly be excavated by longitudinal divisions owing to depth of seam division is shallower.
Taking aforesaid way, at the built-in soil of foundation ditch, lifting, when soil is circulated operation, due to construction method and order
Effective and reasonable, working performance is higher.
Preferably, in described step b and step c, when the earthwork of every layer of base plate lower position being carried out lid and digging, each
The underplate concrete of unit reaches earth excavation under the laggard andante of design strength, and sequence of excavation is opened for vertical layering from top to bottom
Dig, longitudinal layered formation step, the most first dig the middle soil body, then dig soil at both sides.
Preferably, when the negative two layers of base plate of construction and negative Tipple Bottom plate, concrete floor clay model construction is carried out, including following
Aspect:
F1, middle longeron, side wall stock mould are constructed；
F2, clay model concrete construction；
F3, assembling reinforcement and casting concrete.
Owing to rich water soft clay area comprises silt clay layer and farinose argillic horizon, its bearing capacity of foundation slab is low, at base plate
Support during upper construction and have bad luck, set up the job very difficults such as support, take aforesaid way, inverse make floor clay model and execute by carrying out
Work, improves foundation bearing capacity, makes concrete surface smooth out.
Preferably, when carrying out setting up bracing members, bracing members sets up with digging with support, and applies axial prestress, bracing members
Erection should ensure that bracing members is vertical with metope, after holding out against use gad support measure fixation.
Preferably, following steps are specifically included during erection bracing members:
J1, installation steel binder；
J2, installation bracing members,；
J3, Shi Hanzhang, and according to axle power Monitoring Data situation, it is determined whether additional prestressing.
Take above-mentioned operation and step, it is ensured that the stability of deep basal pit, owing to bracing members sets up great timeliness, bracing members
It is stable that the size of the time, position and the Shi Hanzhang that set up is directly connected to deep basal pit.Bracing members sets up with digging with support, and executes
Add axial prestress, make building enclosure accept reaction of bearing effect in advance, reduce the deformation of building enclosure.The erection of bracing members should
Ensure bracing members vertical with metope, after holding out against use gad support measure fixation, prevent bracing members because of deformation of wall with
Construction is collided and is come off.
Preferably, when carrying out side wall construction, following multiple step is taked:
H1, respectively twice construction joint on plate and under plate is carried out waterproof construction；
H2, cleaning Full-face pouring pipe, outside the Grouting Pipe mouth of pipe is placed in template, and carries out colligation by tied silk and fix；
H3, install side wall template；
H4, employing steel truss formwork jumbo carry out concreting；
H5, vibrate, and between new-old concrete joint face and dust inlet, use secondary vibration.
Preferably, in described step h1, construction joint on plate is being carried out waterproof construction formula, is using galvanized steel plain sheet waterstop,
And the mode of pre-buried Full-face pouring pipe later stage slip casting carries out strengthening water-proofing treatment, under plate, construction joint position uses water-swellable only
Glue and Full-face pouring pipe combination carry out waterproof construction.
Preferably, in described step h3, when installing side wall template, chassis top template is adjusted to spacious by closely connected mode
Evolution formula, arranges 30～40cm high oblique moulds on chassis punching block top, and oblique template end face exceeds construction joint 10cm.
For pouring concrete after avoiding concrete cannot fill up side wall and the inverse seam doing the side wall watered under plate, take above-mentioned
Mode, had both facilitated concrete to enter mould, can be sufficient filling with again the gap, wall top that concrete produces during making firm by ramming due to slump,
Ensure that construction joint is closely knit.
Preferably, in step h4, side wall uses high fluidity pea gravel concreten, and top area uses microdilatancy coagulation
Soil.Take this mode, utilize the microdilatancy of concrete. compensate later stage concrete shrinkage in hardening process.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, by taking above-mentioned covered back-digging construction method, during lid digs, i.e. set up bracing members frame, carry out at the end simultaneously
Plate construction and concrete cast work, and carry out side wall, column and top board construction, solve safety present in prior art
Problem, this construction method is quickly effective, is particularly well-suited to the dell construction of rich water soft clay area, has bigger popularization and application valency
Value；
2, comprising silt clay layer and farinose argillic horizon due to rich water soft clay area, its bearing capacity of foundation slab is low, the end of at
On plate, during construction, support is had bad luck, is set up the job very difficults such as support, constructs by carrying out inverse floor clay model of making, improves ground and hold
Load power, makes concrete surface smooth out；
3, by setting up bracing members, it is ensured that the stability of deep basal pit, owing to bracing members sets up great timeliness, bracing members frame
If the size of time, position and Shi Hanzhang to be directly connected to deep basal pit stable, bracing members sets up with digging with support, and applies
Axial prestress, makes building enclosure accept reaction of bearing effect in advance, reduces the deformation of building enclosure, and the erection of bracing members should be protected
Card bracing members is vertical with metope, uses the measure fixation that gad supports after holding out against, and prevents bracing members from because of deformation of wall and executing
Work is collided and is come off.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is structural representation during lower two layers of construction of bottom plates.
Fig. 2 is structural representation during negative Tipple Bottom plate construction.
Fig. 3 is to set up structural representation when supporting.
Fig. 4 is structural representation when lower four layers of side wall and lower four layers of column construction.
Fig. 5 is structural representation when negative three layers of side wall and negative three layers of column construction.
Fig. 6 is structural representation when negative two layers of side wall and negative two layers of column construction.
Fig. 7 is structural representation when negative one layer side wall and the construction of negative one layer column.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation removing first concrete.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that the lid section of digging longitudinal direction excavation in layers machine puts slope.
Labelling in figure: 1-the first soil outlet, 2-the second soil outlet, 3-the 3rd soil outlet, 4-flowing water the 12nd scope, 5-flows
Water the 13rd scope, 6-flowing water the 14th scope, 7-flowing water the 15th scope, 8-flowing water the 16th scope, 9-bears two layers, 11-
9th layer, 12-the tenth layer, 13-eleventh floor, 14-bears three layers, and 15-bears two layers of base plate, and 16-bears Tipple Bottom plate, 17-base plate,
18-bears four layers of side wall, and 19-bears four layers of column, and 20-bears three layers of side wall, and 21-bears three layers of column, and 22-bears two layers of side wall, and 23-bears two
Layer column, 24-negative one layer base plate, 25-negative one layer side wall, 26-negative one layer base plate, 27-top board, 28-first concrete supports, 29-
13rd layer, x-first module, y-second unit, z-the 3rd unit, t-the 4th unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with test example and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not understood
Scope for the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to below example, and all technology realized based on present invention belong to this
The scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
Rich water soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, sets deep basal pit as four-layer structure, wherein negative one layer and
Negative two layers use open-cut, and negative three layers and negative four layers is lid excavation construction, and ground is provided with the 1st road concrete and supports, on ground with negative
It is disposed with the 2nd road between one layer to support and the support of the 3rd road, is disposed with the 4th road between negative one layer and negative two layers and supports
Supporting with the 5th road, covered back-digging is constructed and is included following multiple step:
When a is as it is shown in figure 1, excavation of foundation pit is to negative two layers of position, use clay model, negative two layers of base plate 15 concrete of cast, and
Reserved side wall construction joint；
B is as in figure 2 it is shown, after negative two layers of base plate 15 reach design strength requirement, lid digs negative two layers of base plate 15 lower position
The earthwork, excavate to setting up the 6th road when setting Support Position and support, be excavated to negative Tipple Bottom plate 16 position, and pour into a mould negative three layers
Base plate 16 concrete；
C is as it is shown on figure 3, after negative Tipple Bottom plate 16 reaches design strength requirement, lid digs negative Tipple Bottom plate 16 lower position
The earthwork, excavate to set Support Position time set up the 7th road support, be excavated to base plate 17 position, and bottom board 17 concrete；
D, as shown in Figure 4, reaches after design strength requires until base plate 17 intensity, removes the 7th road and support, the negative four layers of side wall of construction
18 and negative four layers of column 19；
E is as it is shown in figure 5, after negative four layers of side wall 18 intensity reach design requirement, remove the 6th road and support, and constructs negative three layers
Side wall 20, negative three layers of column 21；
F, as shown in Figure 6, reaches after design requires until negative three layers of side wall intensity, removes the 4th road and the 5th road supports, and construction is negative
Two layers of side wall 22, negative two layers of column 23 and negative one layer base plate 24；
G, as it is shown in fig. 7, reach after design requires until negative two layers of side wall 22, negative one layer base plate 24 intensity, removes the 2nd road and the
3 roads support, construction negative one layer side wall 25, negative one layer column 26 and top board 27；
H, as shown in Figure 8, after negative one layer side wall 25, top board 27 intensity reach after design requires, removes first concrete and props up
Support 28.
Take aforesaid way, by taking above-mentioned covered back-digging construction method, during lid digs, i.e. set up bracing members frame,
Carry out construction of bottom plates and concrete cast work simultaneously, and carry out side wall, column and top board construction, solve in prior art and deposit
Safety issue, this construction method is quickly effective, is particularly well-suited to the dell construction of rich water soft clay area.
In covered back-digging work progress, carry out the inverse floor clay model that does and construct.
Negative two layers of base plate, negative Tipple Bottom plate are positioned at silt clay layer, farinose argillic horizon, and bearing capacity of foundation slab is low, minimum
It is only 65KPa, though taking high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile to reinforce in design, but due to reinforcement depth relatively deeply, as deep as to 26.7m, and
For the weak reinforcing of 3m stripping, foundation bearing capacity is the highest.If meeting the rainy day, excavator walks back and forth and is supported down in addition
Fortune, erection, substrate soil is the most a piece of muddy, and personnel's walking is the most painstaking.Therefore consider that one layer of bamboo plate+20cmC20 element mixes
Solidifying soil+sealing coat (PVC board or epoxy glass fabric lamination insulation board) is as clay model layer.Construction content includes:
(1) longeron, the construction of side wall stock mould in
Negative two layers, longeron and abutment wall use the stock mould of brick one-tenths 24cm thickness, the cement sand plaster of 5cm in negative three layers.For
The line style of longeron and physical dimension in ensureing after the demoulding, stock mould must be the most straight, and the most vertically, headroom size has to comply with and sets
Meter requirement.
(2) clay model concrete construction
Clay model concrete is the C20 concrete of 20cm, and top of concrete absolute altitude improves 2cm than absolute altitude at the bottom of structural slab, as
The anticipated settlement of top board structure.For ensureing concrete surface smooth-going, no concave-convex injustice phenomenon, each unit clay model concrete is pressed
Laterally framing construction, the channel-section steel arranging 15cm in every width both sides carries out absolute altitude control, after concrete construction, uses aluminium alloy level
Strike off, before concrete initial set, carry out press polish wipe one's face.For avoid carry out inverse make earth excavation under plate time, blinding concrete is in blocks
Drop and machinery, personnel are damaged.
For ensureing the smooth demoulding of clay model, concrete cushion arranges sealing coat (PVC board or epoxy glass fabric lamination insulation
Plate).
(3) reinforcing bar binding and concreting
The all steel bar meter field processing on foundation ditch of the former material of reinforcing bar, semi-finished product use truck crane to hang in foundation ditch, this engineering steel
Muscle is connected by the thread rolling bar connection and two kinds of forms of welding.
Because inwall, frame column lid dig along doing, when plate (beam) reinforcing bar binding, it is necessary to by the pre-buried levels of design requirement
Chemise and frame column reinforcing bar connector, when embedded ribs is installed, under plate, main muscle exposed length should be less than oblique construction joint lowest part
1.5m, above 1.5m at a length of plate of reserved steel bar or back on plate, it is ensured that connecing when rear construction column and the main muscle of side wall connect
Head staggers length.Plate lower contact is taked need to effectively protect steel bar head when being mechanically connected, and cannot be carried out after preventing excavation
Effectively connect.
Earthwork construction comprises the following steps:
(1) soil outlet is arranged
Considering effectively to utilize this engineering structure reserving hole, be crisscross arranged 10 unearthed, feed openings along foundation ditch direction.
(2) equipment configuration
Configuring two 10T straddle trucks and a 50T crawler type grab bucket, crawler type grab bucket is for being unearthed and pre-in shield Jing Chu
Soil outlet is stayed to be unearthed when leaning on ground-connecting-wall side；Straddle truck utilizes stair hole reserved on floor to be unearthed.Grab bucket is equipped with two
PC120 digging machine, every straddle truck is equipped with two PC120 digging machines.
(3) earth excavation
Every unit is inverse reach as board concrete design strength 90% after, under plate, the earthwork is according to " vertical layered, longitudinally point
Section, middle kerve, both sides extend, pretensioned girder " principle, stage excavation the most from top to bottom, longitudinal layered formation step, horizontal
Dig the middle soil body to first, then dig soil at both sides.
The every layer of earthwork of each step is excavated by the order of " extending to both sides after grooving in the middle of first ", i.e. by the east head to
The excavated surface of western end well longitudinally draws groove in the excavation of slope along foundation ditch, and middle well width first has to meet excavator revolution spoir
Requirement, ensures to stay soil at both sides the most as far as possible.Middle groove is excavated by 5m, and both sides earthwork balance, symmetry are carried out
Excavation.Slope ratio of slope 1:2.5 is put in both sides.After middle kerve is excavated to the distance of 3～4 road bracing members, spread to both sides centre
Digging, the excavation of soil at both sides should balance, symmetry is carried out.
As it is shown in figure 9, the concretely comprising the following steps of earthwork construction in the deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method of rich water soft clay area:
I1, along foundation ditch length direction, foundation ditch is divided into four unit, including first module x, second unit y, the 3rd unit z
With the 4th unit t, and soil outlet is set at each unit, is included in first module x and the first soil outlet 1 is set, at second unit y
Arranging the second soil outlet 2, arrange the 3rd soil outlet 3 at the 3rd unit z, and configure crawler type grabbing arrangement, the described 3rd is unearthed
Mouth 3 extends to the 4th unit t from the 3rd unit z；
I2, foundation ditch is carried out longitudinal layered excavation, including the 9th layer 11, the tenth layer 12, eleventh floor 13, Floor 12,
13rd layer and the 14th layer (not identifying in figure), described 9th layer 11, the tenth layer 12 and eleventh floor 13 are positioned at negative two layer 9
And between negative three layers 14, described Floor 12, the 13rd layer and the 14th layer between negative three layer 14 and negative four layers, each unit
Corresponding multiple flowing water scopes after layering, including flowing water the 12nd scope 4, flowing water the 13rd scope 5, flowing water the 14th scope 6, stream
Water the 15th scope 7 and flowing water the 16th scope 8；
I3, first module x are born two layers of construction of bottom plates and are completed, and after intensity reaches 90%, the first soil outlet 1 carry out the 9th layer 11
Earth excavation, in completing flowing water the 12nd scope 4 after middle groove excavation, laterally opens up limit, sets up bracing members, for first module the 6th road
Support；
I4, bear after two layer of 9 construction of bottom plates complete until second unit y, continue to dig middle groove to the second soil outlet 2 to center mileage
Position is terminated, and is back to the first soil outlet 1 and laterally opens up limit, and the earthwork is had bad luck and gone out to the second soil outlet 2 handling, sets up steel in time and props up
Support, the material such as bracing members is hung in by the second soil outlet 2, installs, opens carrying out the 9th layer 11 cubic metres of earth flowing water the 13rd scopes 5
When digging, the tenth layer 12 cubic metres of earth flowing water the 13rd scope 5 earth excavations should be carried out simultaneously；
I5, bear after two layer of 9 construction of bottom plates complete until the 3rd unit z, continue groove in center mileage excavates and be unearthed to the 3rd
Mouth 3 terminates, and is back to the second soil outlet 2 and laterally opens up limit, and the earthwork is had bad luck and gone out to the 3rd soil outlet 3 handling, and bracing members is by the 3rd
Soil outlet 3 hangs in be installed, and when carrying out the 9th layer of 11 flowing water the 14th scope 6 and excavating, carries out the tenth layer of 12 flowing water simultaneously
14th scope 6 earth excavation；
I6, after eleventh floor 13 flowing water the 15th scope 7 and flowing water the 16th scope 8 cubic metres of earth have all been excavated, carry out
Negative three layer of 14 first module a construction of bottom plates, carries out lower road earth excavation after reaching 90% intensity；
I7, the tenth layer the 12, the 13rd layer 29 cubic metres of earth due to depth of seam division shallower can directly longitudinal divisions excavation.
Taking above-mentioned steps and method, through lid digs part observation on the spot, at the built-in soil of foundation ditch, lifting, soil, to again
Arriving foundation ditch down, owing to construction method and order are effective and reasonable, working performance is higher, complete this about 8 minutes used time of circulation (
Fall height 24m～42m), 16 hours working times every day, it is unearthed every day and measures about about 150m3, use crawler type to grab bucket one
Individual circulation time about 5 minutes, the time that work every day is identical, amount of being unearthed every day is about at about 260m3, and efficiency is much higher than gantry
Hang, when therefore relating to lid excavation construction, pay the utmost attention to use grab bucket to be unearthed, need end bay on floor to reserve every certain
Soil outlet.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is applied in bracing members erection, demolishing process.
It is the inseparable twice critical process of deep foundation pit construction that bracing members sets up with pit earthwork excavation, bracing members erection
Great timeliness, it is stable that the size of time, position and Shi Hanzhang that bracing members sets up is directly connected to deep basal pit.Bracing members
Set up with digging with support, and apply axial prestress, make building enclosure accept reaction of bearing effect in advance, reduce the change of building enclosure
Shape.The erection of bracing members should ensure that bracing members is vertical with metope.The measure fixation using gad to support after holding out against, prevents steel
Support and come off because of deformation of wall and construction collision.Following steps are specifically included when setting up bracing members:
J1, installation steel binder, soil layer is excavated to support after setting up design attitude, digs out the pre-buried steel on diaphram wall
Plate, welds pallet, installs steel binder；
J2, installation bracing members, bracing members is in the outer width according to foundation ditch of foundation ditch, the length of ground-connecting-wall to steel binder, steel system
Length between beam has spelled tube coupling.First passing through soil outlet and hang into foundation ditch by bracing members tube coupling crane, then passing through digging machine will
Bracing members is transported to installation site.First set up fixing end, by two digging machines by bracing members lifting, bracing members one end is held on
On the welded angle iron of pre-embedded steel slab, the other end is shelved on steel binder.Continue to set up second section, still through digging machine lifting, will
Second section one end is connected by high-strength bolt with first segment, and the other end is shelved on another root steel binder.Finally set up fixing end
Obtaining bracing members, first segmented head telescopable portion pulled out, Section of three one end and second section are first passed through high-strength bolt by digging machine lifting
Lian Hao, is stably placed at the other end on the most mounted triangular steel plate.Pre-embedded steel slab is withstood in movable head pull-out；
J3, carry out prestress application, and according to axle power Monitoring Data situation, it is determined whether additional prestressing, by 2 hydraulic pressure
Jack (according to brace pre axial force size 300T, 500T) plays with digging machine and puts into pressure position, the active crown, and notes keeping very heavy
Top line is walked unanimously.Turn on pump Shi Hanzhang is got final product, after prestress application puts in place, at segmented head wedge groove gad plug after connecting oil pipe
Tightly, then jack is unclamped in oil return, unties hoisting wirerope, completes the installation that this root supports.Should be taken into account during construction prestressing force
Stress loss during operation, construction prestress value should design axle power increase about 10% by ratio, and make a record.
After support Shi Hanzhang terminates, the anchor ear reinforcing bar of " u "-shaped is close to bracing members, and is firmly welded on steel binder
On, two pieces of bolts are filled in the gap supported with steel binder, prevents bracing members from being moved left and right by External Force Acting.
Axial force of the supports is added with based on axle power Monitoring Data, is auxiliary with hand inspection.The monitoring of axle power is the change of measurement axis power,
If axle force value reduces, prestressing force should be added with in time.Hand inspection be check support segmented head gag, whether loosen depending on it determine be
No it is added with.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is applied to side wall construction, when carrying out side wall construction, comprises the following steps:
H1, carry out waterproof construction to twice construction joint on plate and under plate respectively；
H2, cleaning Full-face pouring pipe, outside the Grouting Pipe mouth of pipe is placed in template, and carries out colligation by tied silk and fix；
H3, install side wall template；
H4, employing steel truss formwork jumbo carry out concreting；
H5, vibrate, and between new-old concrete joint face and dust inlet, use secondary vibration.
Concrete operations are:
(1) waterproof construction
According to covered back-digging technological characteristics of construction, ground-connecting-wall is overlapping wall, and every layer of side wall has plate with base plate, middle plate joint
Above, twice construction joint under plate, it is therefore necessary to attach great importance to the waterproof quality of construction joint.
Ground-connecting-wall carries out brushing cement based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint after dabbing process with inwall structure handing-over position,
Utilize it to meet watery vomiting and improve the anti-permeability performance of concrete to osmosis.On plate, construction joint position uses galvanized steel plain sheet waterstop,
And the mode of pre-buried Full-face pouring pipe later stage slip casting carries out strengthening water-proofing treatment.Under plate, construction joint position uses water-swellable only
Glue and Full-face pouring pipe combination carry out waterproof construction, are pasted onto construction joint surface after water-swellable water-stop glue extrusion,
Cross dimensions after curing molding is (8 10) mm × (18 20) mm.Galvanized steel plain sheet waterstop width in construction joint position on plate
For 300mm, thickness 4mm, galvanized layer thickness is more than 30 microns, and when steel plate is installed, construction joint should be positioned at steel plate middle, and joint is adopted
Dock with welding, it is desirable to steel plate dead in line, dock firm, closely knit, waterproof.
Before side wall reinforcement construction, first construction joint on plate, under plate is carried out dabbing process, cut concrete surface and float
Slurry.Steel plate water stopper pre-buried on plate is carried out dress watch, it is ensured that the height that waterstop exposes is the 1/2 of waterstop height,
Part concrete is dug out at the position inadequate to proud exposure, it is ensured that the proud exposure of steel plate water stopper, to ensure construction construction
The position of seam is substantially at the half height and position of waterstop, it is ensured that the effect of sealing.To concrete laitance on the plate cut, under plate
Must clean out, with giant, construction joint is rinsed, it is ensured that construction joint position is without residue.
(2) steel truss formwork jumbo is used to carry out concreting
The advantage that the portable motor of manufacturer production drives walking type steel truss template abutment wall chassis: formwork rigidity is big, anti-
Deformability is strong, without repeat to spell assembly and disassembly, mobile in place soon, short construction period (once circulation in 3～4 days), every mould pours
Length 12m.After reaching certain intensity after side wall concrete pours, unclamp the adjustable bolt of support shuttering rod member, template
After the whole disengaging in face concrete surface, start two motors on chassis, drive chassis to walk to walk to next construction cell in orbit
Construct.
(3) concrete construction
Clear up Full-face pouring pipe before casting concrete, outside the Grouting Pipe mouth of pipe is placed in template, and carry out by tied silk
Colligation is fixed, it is to avoid poured inside side wall by the Grouting Pipe mouth of pipe in casting process.When installing side wall template, for avoiding coagulation
Soil cannot fill up side wall after pouring concrete and the inverse seam doing the side wall watered under plate, chassis top template is adjusted by closely connected mode
Whole is to open wide mode, arranges 30～40cm high oblique moulds on chassis punching block top, and oblique template end face exceeds construction joint 10cm.This
Sample had both facilitated concrete to enter mould, can be sufficient filling with again the gap, wall top that concrete produces during making firm by ramming due to slump, protected
Card construction joint is closely knit.Side wall uses high fluidity pea gravel concreten, and top area uses slightly expanded concrete. utilize concrete
Microdilatancy. compensate later stage concrete shrinkage in hardening process.In addition to routine is vibrated, new-old concrete joint face and under
Secondary vibration is used between ash mouth.Cut for convenience, because the side wall wedge shape coagulation local product being tiltedly molded as pouring at the beginning of concrete more
Cut immediately after Ning, and repair.
Claims (10)
1. a rich water soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that set deep basal pit as four-layer structure,
Wherein negative one layer and negative two layers of employing open-cut, negative three layers and negative four layers is lid excavation construction, and each layer all sets up bracing members, ground
Face is provided with the 1st road concrete and supports, and is disposed with the 2nd road and supports and the 3rd road supports between ground and negative one layer, negative one layer and
Being disposed with the 4th road between negative two layers to support and the support of the 5th road, covered back-digging is constructed and is included following multiple step:
When a, excavation of foundation pit are to negative two layers of position, use clay model, the negative two layers of underplate concrete of cast, and reserved side wall construction joint；
B, reaching after design strength requires until negative two layers of base plate, lid digs the earthwork of negative two layers of base plate lower position, excavates to setting
Set up the 6th road during Support Position to support, be excavated to negative Tipple Bottom Board position, and pour into a mould negative Tipple Bottom board concrete；
C, reaching after design strength requires until negative Tipple Bottom plate, lid digs the earthwork of negative Tipple Bottom plate lower position, excavates to setting
Set up the 7th road during Support Position to support, be excavated to base plate position, and bottom board concrete；
D, reach after design strength requires until base plate strength, remove the 7th road and support, the negative four layers of side wall of construction and negative four layers of column；
E, reach after design requires until negative four layers of side wall intensity, remove the 6th road and support, and negative three layers of side wall of constructing, negative three layers of column；
F, reach after design requires until negative three layers of side wall intensity, remove the 4th road and the 5th road supports, negative two layers of side wall of construction, negative two layers
Column and negative one layer base plate；
G, reach after design requires until negative two layers of side wall, negative one layer base plate strength, remove the 2nd road and the 3rd road supports, negative one layer of constructing
Side wall, negative one layer column and top board；
H, reach after design requires, to remove first concrete and support until negative one layer side wall, strength of roof.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 1 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that carrying out
During earthwork lid excavation construction, earthwork lid excavation construction comprises the steps:
I1, along foundation ditch length direction, foundation ditch is divided into four unit, including first module, second unit, Unit the 3rd and the 4th
Unit, and soil outlet is set at each unit, it is included in first module and the first soil outlet is set, arrange second at second unit and go out
Tu Kou, arranges the 3rd soil outlet at Unit the 3rd, and configures crawler type grabbing arrangement, and described 3rd soil outlet prolongs from Unit the 3rd
Extend Unit the 4th；
I2, foundation ditch is carried out longitudinal layered excavation, including the 9th layer, the tenth layer, eleventh floor, Floor 12, the 13rd layer and
14th layer, described 9th layer, the tenth layer and eleventh floor between negative two layers and negative three layers, described Floor 12, the tenth
Three layers and the 14th layer between negative three layers and negative four layers, corresponding multiple flowing water scopes after each unit layering, including flowing water the
12 scopes, flowing water the 13rd scope, flowing water the 14th scope, flowing water the 15th scope and flowing water the 16th scope；
After i3, first module are born two layers of construction of bottom plates and completed, and intensity reaches 90%, the first soil outlet carry out the 9th layer of earthwork and open
Dig, in the range of completing flowing water the 12nd after middle groove excavation, laterally open up limit, set up first module the 6th road and support；
I4, bear after two layers of construction of bottom plates complete until second unit, continue to dig middle groove to center mileage and tie to the second soil outlet position
Bundle, is back to the first soil outlet and laterally opens up limit, and the earthwork is had bad luck and gone out to the second soil outlet handling, sets up second unit the 6th in time
The materials such as road supports, bracing members are hung in by the second soil outlet, install, open carrying out the 9th layer of earthwork flowing water the 13rd scope
When digging, the tenth layer of earthwork flowing water the 13rd scope earth excavation should be carried out simultaneously；
I5, bear after two layers of construction of bottom plates complete until Unit the 3rd, continue groove in center mileage excavates and terminate to the 3rd soil outlet,
Being back to the second soil outlet and laterally open up limit, the earthwork is had bad luck and is gone out to the 3rd soil outlet handling, and bracing members is hung in by the 3rd soil outlet
Install, when carrying out the 9th laminar flow of water the 14th scope excavation, carry out the tenth laminar flow of water the 14th scope earthwork simultaneously and open
Dig；
I6, after eleventh floor flowing water the 15th scope and flowing water the 16th scope earthwork have all been excavated, carry out negative three layers the
One unit baseboard construction, carries out lower road earth excavation after reaching 90% intensity；
I7, the tenth layer and the 13rd layer of earthwork can directly be excavated by longitudinal divisions owing to depth of seam division is shallower.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 2 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that to often
The earthwork of layer base plate lower position carries out lid when digging, and the underplate concrete at each unit reaches soil under the laggard andante of design strength
Side's excavation, sequence of excavation is vertical stage excavation, longitudinal layered formation step from top to bottom, the most first digs the middle soil body, then digs
Soil at both sides.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 2 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that in construction
When negative two layers of base plate and negative Tipple Bottom plate, carry out concrete floor clay model construction, including following aspect:
F1, middle longeron, side wall stock mould are constructed；
F2, clay model concrete construction；
F3, assembling reinforcement and casting concrete.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 1 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that carrying out
When setting up bracing members, bracing members sets up with digging with support, and applies axial prestress, and the erection of bracing members should ensure that bracing members and wall
Face is vertical, uses the measure fixation that gad supports after holding out against.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 5 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that set up steel
Following steps are specifically included during support:
J1, installation steel binder；
J2, installation bracing members；
J3, Shi Hanzhang, and according to axle power Monitoring Data situation, it is determined whether additional prestressing.
7. according to the rich water soft clay area deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method one of claim 1-6 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that
When carrying out side wall construction, take following multiple step:
H1, respectively twice construction joint on plate and under plate is carried out waterproof construction；
H2, cleaning Full-face pouring pipe, outside the Grouting Pipe mouth of pipe is placed in template, and carries out colligation by tied silk and fix；
H3, install side wall template；
H4, employing steel truss formwork jumbo carry out concreting；
H5, vibrate, and between new-old concrete joint face and dust inlet, use secondary vibration.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 8 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that described step
In rapid h1, construction joint on plate is being carried out waterproof construction formula, using galvanized steel plain sheet waterstop, and pre-buried Full-face pouring pipe later stage
The mode of slip casting carries out strengthening water-proofing treatment, and under plate, construction joint position uses water-swellable water-stop glue to be combined with Full-face pouring pipe
Mode carries out waterproof construction.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 8 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that described step
In rapid h3, when installing side wall template, chassis top template is adjusted to unlimited mode by closely connected mode, on chassis punching block top
Arranging 30～40cm high oblique moulds, oblique template end face exceeds construction joint 10cm.
Rich water soft clay area the most according to claim 8 deep basal pit covered back-digging construction method, it is characterised in that in step
In rapid h4, side wall uses high fluidity pea gravel concreten, and top area uses slightly expanded concrete.
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