CN106316871A - 一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106316871A
CN106316871A CN201610715437.2A CN201610715437A CN106316871A CN 106316871 A CN106316871 A CN 106316871A CN 201610715437 A CN201610715437 A CN 201610715437A CN 106316871 A CN106316871 A CN 106316871A
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池永贵
黄轩
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Zhongyi Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于药物中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及具体涉及一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。所述手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物结构通式为:,其中,R选自C1‑C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。本方法以混合酸酐以及保护苄基胺为起始原料,经过氮杂卡宾催化,得到苄基保护β2‑氨基酸甲酯,加氢脱除保护,得到β2‑氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐。本方法原料简单易得,后处理简单,e.r值和总收率高,可以为工业化生产提供重要参考。

Description

一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于药物中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。
背景技术
非天然氨基酸很多具有良好的生理活性且作为重要中间体,而被广泛用于上市药物及大量正在开发的新药当中,在医药领域越来越重要。但合成这类分子的难点在于手性控制,现有的方法有:一、手性拆分,包括结晶法、化学拆分法、萃取拆分法,这一方法的缺点是损失至少一半的原料,大部分拆分效率不高;二、生物酶拆分法,这一方法稳定性较差,不利于应用于大规模生产(PCT Int. Appl., 2005085462);三、色谱拆分法,这一方法好处在于简单通用,但限制也很明显,设备成本高,制备量少,不适合大规模制备;四,不对称合成,这类方法优点是,能够最为直接的构建手性中心,效率最高,难点是寻找合适的手性催化剂,以及该催化剂的催化效率。现阶段已工业化的不对称反应中,不对称氢化约占到70%(CN102249833B),其它不对称合成还有很大的开发空间。相较于传统的贵金属催化,有机小分子催化具有无重金属毒性以及反应条件温和等特点。
β-氨基酸作为一类重要的化合物,在药物合成以及蛋白质修饰等方面有着很多用途。现阶段,有部分β-氨基酸已经商业化,但大部分报道的方法是由手性辅基诱导出来,手性控制一般,且结构多样性以及衍生物有限(Chem. Commun. 2004, 2778;J. Org. Chem.2008, 73, 3970.)。
发明内容
针对背景技术中所存在的问题,本发明提供一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。
为了实现本发明目的而采用的技术方案为:一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物,所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
为了实现本发明另一目的而采用的技术方案为:一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:
1)混合酸酐的制备:在冰水浴和氮气保护条件下,由化合物-V与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M,加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,制成混合酸酐;所制得的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应;
2)化合物-III的制备:向步骤1)中制得的混合酸酐中,继续加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺,反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品;
3)化合物-IV的制备:在步骤2)制得化合物-III后,旋干,加入甲醇,反应浓度为0.2~1M,在催化剂5% Pd/C,12N HCl条件下,在氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,即得到β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐。
优选的,在步骤1)中所述化合物-V具有如下结构通式:
其中R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
步骤1)中,所述化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1(1~3):(1~3),优选为1:1:1.2,所述反应温度为0oC,反应浓度为0.3M,反应时间为2小时。
优选的,在步骤2)所述化合物-III的制备中,混合酸酐、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺的摩尔比为2:(0.05~1):(1~3),优选为1.2:0.1:1,反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
优选的,在步骤(3)所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇氢化脱苄基,优选甲醇浓度为0.3M,以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.5):(2~20),优选为1:0.05:5,反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
在在步骤2)中,所述化合物-III具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
作为本发明的优选实施例,本发明所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的结构为:
该手性β2-氨基酸衍生物由如下步骤制得:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸(3.6g,24.0mmol)溶解于80mL干燥的二氯甲烷中,加入三乙胺(4.0mL,28.8mmol),慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯(2.95mL,24.0mmol),保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液;
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺(4.83g,20mmol)以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I( 838mg,2.0mmol),加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时,旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析,其中乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10,得到白色固体化合物-III-a;
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇80mL,5%钯碳(2.12g,1.0mmol)和浓盐酸(12N,8mL),氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时,垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,即制得手性β2-氨基酸衍生物。
本发明提供的制备化合物-IV 所示化合物的方法,反应通式如下:
上面路线每个结构式中的R的定义相同,代表以下基团:C1-C16 直链或者支链烷氧羰基;苯基,呋喃,噻,吡啶,萘基(其中取代基为卤素、烷基、烷氧、硝基、酯基、氨基)
本发明的技术优点在于:本发明以混合酸酐(化合物-I)以及保护苄基胺(化合物-II)为起始原料,经过氮杂卡宾催化,得到苄基保护β2-氨基酸甲酯(化合物-III),加氢脱除保护,得到β2-氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐(化合物-Ⅳ)。本方法原料简单易得,后处理简单,e.r值和总收率高,可以为工业化生产提供重要参考。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例子对本发明进行进一步阐述,所述方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。案例1为具体实施方案,案例2-9参考案例1而来,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
本发明一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的方法方法,包括以下步骤:
1)混合酸酐(化合物-I)的制备:
化合物-I由酸(化合物-V)与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M, 加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,原位制备的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应。所述化合物-I的制备中,化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1:1~3:1~3,优选为1:1:1.2,优选反应温度为0 oC,反应浓度为0.3M, 反应时间为2小时。
2)保护苄基胺(化合物-II)的制备:
参考文献Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 1059制备而得。
3)化合物-III的制备:
向原位制备的混合酸酐(化合物-I)中,加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I),保护苄基胺(化合物-II),反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品。所述化合物-III的制备中,酸酐(化合物-I)、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I)和保护苄基胺(化合物-II)的摩尔比为2:0.05~1:1~3,优选为1.2:0.1:1,反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
4)化合物-IV的制备:
在制备化合物-III时,反应完成后,旋干,加入甲醇(反应浓度为0.2~1M),5% Pd/C,12N HCl,氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐(化合物-IV)。所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇氢化脱苄基,优选甲醇浓度为0.3M, 以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.5:2~20,优选为1:0.05:5,反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
实施例1
按照如下制备路线:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250ml圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸(化合物-V-a)(3.6g,24.0mmol)溶解于干燥的二氯甲烷(80ml)中,三乙胺(4.0ml,28.8mmol),慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯(2.95ml,24.0mmol),保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液。所制得的混合酸酐直接用于卡宾催化反应。
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺(化合物-II)(4.83g,20mmol)以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I)(838mg,2.0mmol),加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时。旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10),得到白色固体化合物-III-a,5.22g,收率为70%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.32-7.15 (m, 13H),7.06 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.43 (d, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H), 3.02-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.82 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.8 Hz, 1H),2.76 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.9, 139.2, 139.0, 129.0, 128.7, 128.4, 128.1, 126.9,126.3, 58.4, 55.9, 51.4, 46.9, 36.4; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C25H27NO2H+374.2120, found 374.2114. [α]21 D = +22.6 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis:95:5 er。
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干后,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇(80ml),5%钯碳(2.12g,1.0mmol)和浓盐酸(12N,8ml),氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,化合物-IV-a 2.89g,总收率为63%。1H NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) d = 7.42–7.14 (m, 5H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.25–2.83 (m, 5H). 13C NMR(100 MHz, CD3OD) d = 174.4, 138.8, 130.2, 129.7, 128.3, 52.7, 46.0, 41.2,37.0. HRMS (ESI, m/z): [M-Cl]+ calcd. For C11H16NO2 194.11756,Found:194.11745. HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例2
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-b:
白色固体,收率为70%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.29-7.22 (m, 10H), 7.03 (d,J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.56(s, 3H), 3.42 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.81 (dd, J 1 = 12.8Hz, J 2 = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 2.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 =6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.0, 139.1, 136.1,135.7, 129.1, 129.0, 128.5, 128.1, 126.9, 58.4, 55.8, 51.4, 46.9, 36.0, 21.0;HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. for C26H29NO2H+ 388.2277, found 388.2278. [α]21 D = +21.4 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例3
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-c:
白色固体,收率为72%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.32-7.21 (m, 10H), 6.97 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.42 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.98-2.91 (m, 1H), 2.81(dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 =12.8 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.0, 158.1, 139.1,131.2, 129.6, 128.9, 128.1, 126.9, 113.8, 58.4, 55.8, 55.2, 51.4, 47.0, 35.7;HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C26H29NO3H+ 404.2226, found 404.2229. [α]21 D = +14.8 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例4
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-d:
白色固体,收率为68%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.31-7.24 (m, 10H), 7.18 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.56(s, 3H), 3.45 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.95-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.80 (dd, J 1 = 12.4Hz, J 2 = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 2.75-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.0 Hz,1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.6, 139.0, 137.7, 132.1, 130.0, 128.9,128.5, 128.2, 127.0, 58.6, 55.8, 51.4, 46.8, 35.7; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd.for C25H26ClNO2H+ 408.1730, found 408.1729. [α]21D = +10.8 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3);HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例5
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-e:
黄色固体,收率为65% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.07 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,2H), 7.32-7.25 (m, 10H), 7.17 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (d, J = 13.2 Hz, 2H),3.56 (s, 3H), 3.52 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.96-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.78 (m,2H), 2.56 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ174.1, 147.2, 146.6, 138.9, 129.5, 128.9, 128.3, 127.1, 123.6, 58.9, 55.9,51.6, 46.4, 35.9; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C25H26N2O4H+ 419.1971, found419.1970. [α]21 D = +8.4 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例6
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-f:
淡黄色固体,收率为65% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,2H), 7.33-7.22 (m, 10H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.64 (d, J =13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00-2.92 (m, 1H),2.86-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.53 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.0 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 174.5, 167.0, 144.7, 139.0, 129.7, 128.9, 128.7, 128.3, 128.2,127.0, 58.7, 55.9, 52.0, 51.5, 46.6, 36.3; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC27H29NO4H+ 432.2175, found 432.2172. [α]21D = +18.2 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 96:4 er。
实施例7
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-g:
淡黄色固体,收率为66% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79-7.77 (m, 1H),7.74-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.44-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.19 (m, 11H), 3.67(d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.44 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.12-3.05 (m,1H), 2.92 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 2.56(dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.9, 139.1,136.7, 133.5, 132.2, 129.0, 128.2, 128.0, 127.6, 127.5, 127.2, 127.1, 127.0,125.9, 125.4, 58.5, 56.0, 51.4, 46.8, 36.6; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC29H29NO2H+ 424.2277, found 424.2280. [α]21D = +22.1 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 95:5 er。
实施例8
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-h:
白色固体,收率为69% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.22 (m, 11H),6.23-6.22 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.91 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.62 (s,3H), 3.45 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.11-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.76 (m, 3H), 2.52(dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.6, 153.0,141.2, 139.0, 129.0, 128.2, 127.0, 110.1, 106.1, 58.4, 55.5, 51.6, 43.9,28.7; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C23H25NO3H+ 364.1913, found 364.1911. [α]21D= +15.9 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 94:6 er。
实施例9
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-i:
白色固体,收率为61% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.33-7.22 (m, 10H),7.10-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.87-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.69-6.68 (m, 1H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.83-2.77 (m,1H), 2.58-2.54 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.5, 141.5, 139.0, 129.0,128.2, 127.0, 126.8, 125.4, 123.7, 58.5, 55.6, 51.6, 47.2, 30.3; HRMS (ESI,m/z): calcd. for C23H25NO2SH+ 380.1684, found 380.1685. [α]21 D = +15.3 (c =1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例10
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-j:
淡黄色固体,收率为62% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.43-8.42 (m, 1H),8.32 (s, 1H), 7.35-7.22 (m, 11H), 7.16-7.13 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz,2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.49 (d, J = 13.2 Hz, 2H), 2.94-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.85-2.68(m, 3H), 2.55 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ174.3, 150.1, 147.8, 138.9, 136.1, 134.7, 128.9, 128.2, 127.1, 123.3, 58.7,55.9, 51.5, 46.6, 33.4; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C24H26N2O2H+ 375.2073,found 375.2067. [α]21D = +12.7 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 94:6 er。
实施例11
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-k:
白色固体,收率为32%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.21 (m, 10H), 3.68 (d,J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.39 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.79-2.66 (m, 2H),2.43 (dd, J 1 = 12.0 Hz, J 2 = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.11 (m, 6H), 0.84 (t, J = 6.8Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.8, 139.2, 128.9, 128.1, 126.9, 58.4,56.2, 51.3, 44.8, 30.1, 29.5, 22.6, 13.9; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC22H29NO2H+ 340.2277, found 340.2273. [α]21D = +17.2 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 95:5 er。
实施例12
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-l:
白色固体,收率为69% 。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (br, 1H), 7.43 (d, J =7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.19 (m, 13H), 3.67 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.59 (s, 3H),3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.13-3.06 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.79 (m, 3H), 2.60 (dd, J 1= 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.2,149.7, 139.0, 135.5, 130.4, 129.0, 128.2, 127.0, 124.3, 123.2, 122.4, 118.8,118.1, 115.2, 83.4, 58.5, 56.1, 51.6, 44.9, 28.2, 25.8; HRMS (ESI, m/z):calcd. for C32H36N2O4H+ 513.2753, found 513.2748. [α]21 D = -11.0 (c = 1.0 inCHCl3); HPLC analysis: 92:8 er。
实施例13
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-m:
白色固体,收率为46% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.35-7.21 (m, 15H),5.10-5.03 (m, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.58 (d, J = 14.4 Hz, 2H), 3.50 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.19-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.72 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 2.67-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.53 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 174.2, 171.8, 138.8, 135.8, 129.0, 128.9, 128.5, 128.2, 128.1,127.0, 66.4, 58.4, 54.9, 51.8, 40.3, 34.2; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC27H29NO4H+ 432.2175, found 432.2169. [α]21D = +11.0 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 92:8 er。

Claims (9)

1.一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物,其特征在于:所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的方法,其特征在于:包括如下制备步骤:
1)混合酸酐的制备:在冰水浴和氮气保护条件下,由化合物-V与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M,加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,制成混合酸酐;所制得的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应;
2)化合物-III的制备:向步骤1)中制得的混合酸酐中,继续加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺,反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品;
3)化合物-IV的制备:在步骤2)制得化合物-III后,旋干,加入甲醇,反应浓度为0.2~1M,在催化剂5% Pd/C,12N HCl条件下,在氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,即得到β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐。
3.根据权利要求2所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中所述化合物-V具有如下结构通式:
其中R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1(1~3):(1~3),优选为1:1:1.2,所述反应温度为0oC,反应浓度为0.3M,反应时间为2小时。
5.根据权利要求2所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤2)所述化合物-III的制备中,混合酸酐、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺的摩尔比为2:(0.05~1):(1~3),优选为1.2:0.1:1,反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
6.根据权利要求2所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤(3)所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇, 氢化脱苄基,优选甲醇浓度为0.3M,以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.5):(2~20),优选为1:0.05:5,反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
7.根据权利要求2所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤2)中所述化合物-III具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的结构为:
9.根据权利要求8所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物由如下步骤制得:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸3.6g溶解于80mL干燥的二氯甲烷中,加入三乙胺4.0mL,慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯2.95mL,保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液;
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺4.83g以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I 838mg,加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时,旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析,其中乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10,得到白色固体化合物-III-a;
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇80mL,5%钯碳2.12g和浓盐酸12N,8mL,氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时,垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,即制得手性β2-氨基酸衍生物。
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CN109718851A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-07 四川六泰科技有限公司 一种手性季鏻盐相转移催化剂及其制备方法和应用

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