CN106312321B - A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the welding method based on the welder - Google Patents

A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the welding method based on the welder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106312321B
CN106312321B CN201611009964.8A CN201611009964A CN106312321B CN 106312321 B CN106312321 B CN 106312321B CN 201611009964 A CN201611009964 A CN 201611009964A CN 106312321 B CN106312321 B CN 106312321B
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laser
pipeline
welded
dynamic sealing
outer partial
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CN106312321A (en
Inventor
陶汪
姜梦
陈彦宾
王树良
郝雨
陈奥
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/21Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24Seam welding
    • B23K26/28Seam welding of curved planar seams
    • B23K26/282Seam welding of curved planar seams of tube sections
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/1224Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06Tubes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the welding method based on the welder, are related to laser welding technology field.The present invention is to solve the problems, such as that existing large scale tubing welding need to carry out multi-layer multi-pass welding and use electron beam welding poor feasibility.Outer partial vaccum case of the present invention is socketed in the outer wall of pipeline to be welded, and outer partial vacuum chamber is formed between outer partial vaccum case and pipeline to be welded;Internal parital vacuum housing is embedded in the inwall of pipeline to be welded;The weld seam of pipeline to be welded is located between outer partial vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum room;Externally parital vacuum housing is circumferentially provided with an open slot, and dynamic sealing assembly is fitted close with the open slot;Laser-processing system is connected by dynamic sealing assembly with outer partial vacuum chamber, and the laser that laser-processing system is sent passes through the weld seam of open slot directive pipeline to be welded;Dynamic sealing assembly can drive laser-processing system to be moved along open slot and keep outer partial vacuum chamber to seal.

Description

A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the weldering based on the welder Connect method
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser welding technology field.
Background technology
Large scale, the pipeline of big thickness are widely used in petrochemical industry, marine industry and nuclear industry field.Especially in core work Industry field, it is large scale that nuke rubbish, which buries device etc., the pipeline of big thickness.These large scales, the pipeline circumferential weld of big thickness Traditional welding method is argon tungsten-arc welding.Because thickness is larger, argon tungsten-arc welding need to carry out multi-layer multi-pass welding.In order to avoid splitting Line, welding process need to preheat, and in order to ensure welding quality, it is necessary to carry out weld seam Non-Destructive Testing before next layer of welding. Single to consider from weldquality, vacuum electron beam welding is more satisfactory welding method.The single track of low_input_power can be realized Welding.It is this kind of to build the feasibility welded in vacuum chamber and economy all but this kind of pipeline construction stock size is bigger It is poor.
The TWI of Britain proposes parital vacuum electro-beam welding method and promotes the practical application of this technology, and in State Patent publication No CN1422722 and CN2454075 also issue some parital vacuum Electron beam welding devices and method.But office Portion's vacuum electron beam welding needs particular design to electron gun, and atmospheric molecule causes this technology to the scattering effect of electronics Develop since the sixties in last century proposes very slow.Recently as the appearance of high-power high-quality laser, people is studied Member has found that high power laser can also obtain the big depth-to-width ratio weld seam of similar electron beam welding under vacuo, and vacuum laser welds High vacuum needed for electron beam welding need not be reached by connecing, while atmospheric molecule is also not present to electronics in laser welding The problem of scattering, it is not necessary to which ray is protected.Based on the above points, parital vacuum laser welding have huge development prospect and Actual application value.
The content of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve existing parital vacuum laser welding technology need to carry out multi-layer multi-pass welding, size it is larger and The problem of poor feasibility, now provide a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the welding side based on the welder Method.
A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device, described device include:Laser-processing system, outer partial are true Empty capsid 2-1, internal parital vacuum housing 3-1 and dynamic sealing assembly 4;
Outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is socketed in the outer wall of pipeline 6 to be welded, and outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is with treating welded tube Outer partial vacuum chamber is formed between road 6;Internal parital vacuum housing 3-1 is embedded in the inwall of pipeline 6 to be welded, internal local true Internal parital vacuum room is formed between empty capsid 3-1 and pipeline to be welded 6;The weld seam of pipeline 6 to be welded is located at outer partial vacuum chamber Between internal parital vacuum room;
Outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is annular, is provided with an open slot 2-3 along its circumference, dynamic sealing assembly 4 is opened with this Mouth groove 2-3 is fitted close;Laser-processing system is connected by dynamic sealing assembly 4 with outer partial vacuum chamber so that laser adds The laser that work system is sent forms weld seam through the open slot 2-3 directives pipeline 6 to be welded of annular;Dynamic sealing assembly 4 can drive Laser-processing system is moved along open slot 2-3, laser is completed welding in vacuum chamber, keep during the welding outside office Portion's vacuum chamber sealing.
Outer partial vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum room are vacuumized using vacuum elements.
Vacuum elements include aspiration pump 5-1 and pump-line 5-2;Aspiration pump 5-1 by pump-line 5-2 respectively with outside Parital vacuum room is connected with internal parital vacuum room.
Laser-processing system includes laser 1-1 and laser Machining head 1-2;The laser that laser 1-1 is sent passes through laser Processing head 1-2 is projected, and laser Machining head 1-2 puts in outer partial internal vacuum chamber by dynamic sealing assembly 4.
Outside O-ring seal 2-2, internal parital vacuum shell are provided between outer partial vaccum case 2-1 and pipeline to be welded 6 Inner sealing cushion rubber 3-2 is provided between body 3-1 and pipeline to be welded 6.
Dynamic sealing assembly 4 includes dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 and guiding mechanism 4-3;
Dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 is fixed on open slot 2-3 outside, the sealing for outer partial vacuum chamber;
Dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 is two relative side walls of open-topped box body, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 or so Be provided with opening 4-5, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 is buckled on dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 using two opening 4-5, opening 4-5 with Dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 is fitted close, and dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 box plate is provided with through hole 4-4, the through hole 4-4 use In insertion laser Machining head 1-2;Guiding mechanism 4-3, and guiding mechanism are provided with dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 box plate 4-3 is located above or below through hole 4-4, and guiding mechanism 4-3 is used to guide dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 to avoid through hole 4-4.
Based on the welding method of above-mentioned welder, this method is:
Outside parital vacuum room and internal parital vacuum room are vacuumized;
Open laser-processing system, the laser beam of laser-processing system output and the relative motion of pipeline 6 to be welded so that laser Shu Li forms weld seam all over whole pipeline 6 to be welded, and completion is treated welded tube road 6 and welded.
Keep laser-processing system static, pipeline 6 to be welded is rotated by axle of its axis, complete laser-processing system output Laser beam and pipeline 6 to be welded relative motion.
Keep pipeline 6 to be welded static, weld seam of the driving laser-processing system along pipeline 6 to be welded moves, and completes Laser Processing The relative motion of the laser beam and pipeline 6 to be welded of system output.
The laser beam of laser-processing system output and the relative motion of pipeline 6 to be welded.
The specific of the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
1st, apparatus and method of the present invention compare the tungsten argon arc soldering method of conventional pipelines welding, without multilayer multiple tracks Welding, welding preheating and the Non-Destructive Testing of interlayer, can realize that single track welds, the characteristics of having rapidly and efficiently;
2nd, apparatus and method of the present invention are compared to vacuum electron beam welding method, for large-scale structure without large-scale Vacuum chamber, solves the longer pumpdown time, while welding cost substantially reduces;
3rd, apparatus and method of the present invention are simpler compared to parital vacuum Electron beam welding device, operability It is stronger.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device working state schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device partial sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the dynamic sealing controlling organization described in embodiment three;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the dynamic sealing assembly described in embodiment three.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:Present embodiment, a kind of pipe described in present embodiment are illustrated referring to Figures 1 and 2 Road circular seam local vacuum laser welder, described device include:Laser-processing system, outer partial vaccum case 2-1, inside Parital vacuum housing 3-1 and dynamic sealing assembly 4;
Outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is socketed in the outer wall of pipeline 6 to be welded, and outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is with treating welded tube Outer partial vacuum chamber is formed between road 6;Internal parital vacuum housing 3-1 is embedded in the inwall of pipeline 6 to be welded, internal local true Internal parital vacuum room is formed between empty capsid 3-1 and pipeline to be welded 6;The weld seam of pipeline 6 to be welded is located at outer partial vacuum chamber Between internal parital vacuum room.
Outer partial vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum room are vacuumized using vacuum elements, and vacuum elements include pumping Pump 5-1 and pump-line 5-2;Aspiration pump 5-1 by pump-line 5-2 respectively with outer partial vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum Room is connected.Outside O-ring seal 2-2, internal parital vacuum component are provided between outer partial vacuum subassembly 2 and pipeline to be welded 6 Inner sealing cushion rubber 3-2 is provided between 3 and pipeline to be welded 6.
Outer partial vaccum case 2-1 is annular, is provided with an open slot 2-3 along its circumference, dynamic sealing assembly 4 is opened with this Mouth groove 2-3 is fitted close;Laser-processing system is connected by dynamic sealing assembly 4 with outer partial vacuum chamber so that laser adds The laser that work system is sent passes through the weld seam of open slot 2-3 directives pipeline 6 to be welded;Dynamic sealing assembly 4 can drive Laser Processing System is moved along open slot 2-3, and keeps outer partial vacuum chamber to seal.
Pipeline 6 to be welded described in present embodiment is generally large scale, big thickness pipeline or body, needs girth welding.
Aspiration pump 5-1 passes through suction interfaces of the pump-line 5-2 respectively at inner vacuum vessel and outside in present embodiment The suction interface of vacuum chamber is connected so that parital vacuum environment is formed around weld seam.Aspiration pump is rotating machinery aspiration pump, and it is logical Cross pump-line respectively at the suction interface of inner vacuum vessel with the suction interface of outer vacuum chamber to be connected so that shape around weld seam Into parital vacuum environment.
External vacuum housing 2-1 is located at outside pipeline 6 to be welded, by being sealed between outside O-ring seal 2-2 and workpiece 6, Ensure the sealing of outer partial vacuum chamber.Inner vacuum housing 3-1 is located inside pipeline 6 to be welded, passes through inner sealing cushion rubber Sealed between 3-2 and pipeline to be welded 6, ensure the sealing of internal parital vacuum room.A sealing space is formed around weld seam, And extract system 5 is evacuated to sealing space, and parital vacuum is formed around weld seam.Laser machine component and coordinate dynamic sealing assembly 4, realize that laser enters outer partial vacuum chamber, and realize by the relative motion between pipeline 6 to be welded and laser-processing system 1 Parital vacuum laser machines.
Embodiment two:Present embodiment is to a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum described in embodiment one Laser soldering device is further qualified, and in present embodiment, laser-processing system includes laser 1-1 and laser Machining head 1- 2;The laser that laser 1-1 is sent is projected by laser Machining head 1-2, and laser Machining head 1-2 passes through dynamic sealing assembly 4 and outside Parital vacuum room is connected.
In present embodiment, laser 1-1 is that industrial laser 1-1, the industrial laser 1-1 can be for laser The CO2 lasers of welding, optical fiber laser or disc laser etc..The laser Machining head 1-2 is industrial laserses processing head, example Such as:German PRECTICE YW52 laser Machining heads.Pair with optical fiber laser and disc laser, industrial laser adds with laser Using optical fiber transmission laser between foreman, for CO2Laser uses hard optic path laser.
Embodiment three:Reference picture 3 and Fig. 4 illustrate present embodiment, and present embodiment is to specific implementation A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device described in mode two is further qualified, in present embodiment, dynamic sealing Component 4 includes dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 and guiding mechanism 4-3;
Dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 is fixed on open slot 2-3 outside, the sealing for outer partial vacuum chamber;
Dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 is two relative side walls of open-topped box body, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 or so Be provided with opening 4-5, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 is buckled on dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 using two opening 4-5, opening 4-5 with Dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 is fitted close, and dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 box plate is provided with through hole 4-4, the through hole 4-4 use In insertion laser Machining head 1-2;Guiding mechanism 4-3, and guiding mechanism are provided with dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 box plate 4-3 is located above or below through hole 4-4, and guiding mechanism 4-3 is used to guide dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 to avoid through hole 4-4.
In present embodiment, dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 is integrally embedded in the open slot 2-3 of outer partial vacuum chamber, dynamic sealing Cushion rubber 4-1 is also embedded in dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 simultaneously, is influenceed by guiding mechanism 4-3 in dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2, Flexible dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-1 has the open slot for being partially disengaged parital vacuum room inside dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2, Blocked so that through hole 4-4 exposes without passive seal cushion rubber 4-1.Dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-2 controls O-ring seal 4-1 with swashing Light processing head 1-2 cooperation so that during relative motion occurs for laser Machining head 1-2 and pipeline to be welded 6, outer partial Laser alignment position seals bar departs from the open slot of vacuum chamber, and laser enters vacuum chamber, and other positions keep sealing, can be with shape Into the parital vacuum for meeting parital vacuum laser welding, parital vacuum laser welding is completed.
Embodiment four:The welding based on the welder described in embodiment one described in present embodiment Method, in present embodiment, the welding method specifically includes following steps:
Step 1: the internal parital vacuum chamber component of installation and outer partial are true respectively inside and outside 6 position to be welded of pipeline to be welded Empty room component, using static sealing ring 2-1 and static sealing ring 2-1 cause respectively pipeline 6 to be welded and outer parital vacuum room housing 3-1 and Good sealing is formed between pipeline 6 to be welded and interior parital vacuum room housing 3-1;
Step 2: installation laser Machining head 1-2, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-1 and dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-2 so that three it Between form excellent sealing, and can co-ordination;
Step 3: starting vacuum air pump 5-1, respectively outside parital vacuum room and internal parital vacuum room take out very It is empty so as to reach certain partial vacuum in parital vacuum room;
Step 4: control laser 1-1 light extractions, keep laser head 1-2 to stand, Collaborative Control dynamic sealing control assembly 4-1 Moved with the relative laser processing head 1-2 of pipeline 6 to be welded with certain speed so that laser enters vacuum chamber completion Laser Welding and taken over Journey;
Step 5: after welding, parital vacuum device is pulled down around workpiece, whole circular seam local vacuum is completed and swashs Light process.
Embodiment five:The welding based on the welder described in embodiment one described in present embodiment Method, in present embodiment, the welding method specifically includes following steps:
Step 1: the internal parital vacuum chamber component of installation and outer partial are true respectively inside and outside 6 position to be welded of pipeline to be welded Empty room component, using static sealing ring 2-1 and static sealing ring 2-1 cause respectively pipeline 6 to be welded and outer parital vacuum room housing 3-1 and Good sealing is formed between pipeline 6 to be welded and interior parital vacuum room housing 3-1;
Step 2: installation laser Machining head 1-2, dynamic sealing controlling organization 4-1 and dynamic sealing cushion rubber 4-2 so that three it Between form excellent sealing, and can co-ordination;
Step 3: starting vacuum air pump 5-1, respectively outside parital vacuum room and internal parital vacuum room take out very It is empty so as to reach certain partial vacuum in parital vacuum room;
Step 4: control laser 1-1 light extractions, keep pipeline 6 to be welded to stand, Collaborative Control laser head 1-2 and dynamic sealing Control assembly 4-1 pipelines 6 relatively to be welded are moved with certain speed so that laser enters vacuum chamber and completes laser beam welding;
Step 5: after welding, parital vacuum device is pulled down around workpiece, whole circular seam local vacuum is completed and swashs Light process.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device, it is characterised in that described device includes:Laser-processing system, Outer partial vaccum case (2-1), internal parital vacuum housing (3-1) and dynamic sealing assembly (4);
Outer partial vaccum case (2-1) is socketed in the outer wall of pipeline to be welded (6), outer partial vaccum case (2-1) with it is to be welded Outer partial vacuum chamber is formed between pipeline (6);Internal parital vacuum housing (3-1) is embedded in the inwall of pipeline to be welded (6), interior Internal parital vacuum room is formed between portion's parital vacuum housing (3-1) and pipeline to be welded (6);The weld seam of pipeline (6) to be welded is located at Between outer partial vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum room;
Outer partial vaccum case (2-1) is annular, is provided with an open slot (2-3) along its circumference, dynamic sealing assembly (4) is with being somebody's turn to do Open slot (2-3) is fitted close;Laser-processing system is connected by dynamic sealing assembly (4) with outer partial vacuum chamber so that The laser that laser-processing system is sent forms weld seam through open slot (2-3) the directive pipeline to be welded (6) of annular;Dynamic sealing assembly (4) laser-processing system can be driven to be moved along open slot (2-3), laser is completed welding in vacuum chamber, in the mistake of welding The sealing of outer partial vacuum chamber is kept in journey;
Dynamic sealing assembly (4) includes dynamic sealing cushion rubber (4-1), dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) and guiding mechanism (4-3);
Dynamic sealing cushion rubber (4-1) is fixed on open slot (2-3) outside, the sealing for outer partial vacuum chamber;
Dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) is open-topped box body, two relative side walls of dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) left and right Opening (4-5) is provided with, dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) is buckled on dynamic sealing cushion rubber (4-1) using two openings (4-5), should It is open (4-5) and dynamic sealing cushion rubber (4-1) is fitted close, the box plate of the dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) is provided with through hole (4- 4), the through hole (4-4) is used to insert laser Machining head (1-2);It is provided with the box plate of dynamic sealing controlling organization (4-2) Guiding mechanism (4-3), and guiding mechanism (4-3) is located above or below through hole (4-4), guiding mechanism (4-3) is used to guide Dynamic sealing cushion rubber (4-1) avoids through hole (4-4).
A kind of 2. pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that outer partial Vacuum chamber and internal parital vacuum room are vacuumized using vacuum elements.
A kind of 3. pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that vacuum elements Including aspiration pump (5-1) and pump-line (5-2);Aspiration pump (5-1) by pump-line (5-2) respectively with outer partial vacuum Room is connected with internal parital vacuum room.
A kind of 4. pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that laser System of processing includes laser (1-1) and laser Machining head (1-2);The laser that laser (1-1) is sent passes through laser Machining head (1-2) is projected, and laser Machining head (1-2) puts in outer partial internal vacuum chamber by dynamic sealing assembly (4).
5. a kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that outside Outside O-ring seal (2-2), internal parital vacuum housing (3-1) are provided between parital vacuum housing (2-1) and pipeline to be welded (6) Inner sealing cushion rubber (3-2) is provided between pipeline to be welded (6).
6. the welding method based on welder described in claim 1, it is characterised in that this method is:
Outside parital vacuum room and internal parital vacuum room are vacuumized;
Open laser-processing system, the laser beam of laser-processing system output and pipeline to be welded (6) relative motion so that laser beam Go through and form weld seam all over whole pipeline (6) to be welded, welded tube road (6) welding is treated in completion.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that keep laser-processing system it is static, make pipeline to be welded (6) with Its axis rotates for axle, completes the relative motion of the laser beam and pipeline to be welded (6) of laser-processing system output.
8. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that keep pipeline to be welded (6) static, drive laser-processing system Moved along the weld seam of pipeline to be welded (6), complete the relative motion of the laser beam and pipeline to be welded (6) of laser-processing system output.
9. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the laser beam and pipeline to be welded of laser-processing system output (6) relative motion.
CN201611009964.8A 2016-11-16 2016-11-16 A kind of pipeline circumferential weld parital vacuum laser soldering device and the welding method based on the welder Active CN106312321B (en)

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CN110293313A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-01 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 A kind of laser welding local vacuum sealing tooling and laser soldering device
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US6376797B1 (en) * 2000-07-26 2002-04-23 Ase Americas, Inc. Laser cutting of semiconductor materials
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CN203265900U (en) * 2013-04-26 2013-11-06 毛建锋 Anti-stomatal type laser welding device

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