CN106300927B - Switching Power Supply modulation circuit and Switching Power Supply - Google Patents
Switching Power Supply modulation circuit and Switching Power Supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN106300927B CN106300927B CN201610785110.2A CN201610785110A CN106300927B CN 106300927 B CN106300927 B CN 106300927B CN 201610785110 A CN201610785110 A CN 201610785110A CN 106300927 B CN106300927 B CN 106300927B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Switching Power Supply modulation circuit, comprising: square wave generation circuit and asynchronous reset circuit；Wherein, the output feedback end of the asynchronous reset circuit and side's wave generation circuit and Switching Power Supply is all connected with, voltage swing for the output feedback end according to the Switching Power Supply generates reset signal, and the reset signal is sent to side's wave generation circuit；Side's wave generation circuit generates pulse signal and the output pulse signal for receiving the reset signal, according to the reset signal.The Switching Power Supply modulation circuit provided by the invention eliminates the period element of original modulated signal, duty ratio element, and circuit structure greatly simplifies；Feedback signal can be such that load regulation falls too low the voltage compression of entire threshold fluctuations section at a certain fixed voltage value；In addition, the Switching Power Supply modulation circuit provided by the invention is in small loaded work piece, efficiency will not be decreased obviously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a switching power supply modulation circuit and a switching power supply.
Background
Switching power supplies (switching regulators) generally have three basic modulation schemes: pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM), Pulse Density Modulation (PDM).
1) Pulse width modulation, i.e. pulse width modulation. The pulse width is adjusted to change the duty ratio. This scheme is most commonly used in switching power supplies.
2) Pulse frequency modulation, i.e. pulse frequency modulation. The pulse width of the switching signal is a constant value, and the duty ratio is changed by adjusting the signal period.
3) Pulse density modulation, i.e. pulse density modulation. The pulse width of the switching signal is a constant value, and the purpose of voltage stabilization is realized by adjusting the number of pulses.
The switch power supply regulates and controls the switch element through one or two combinations of the three basic modulation schemes, and forms a complete negative feedback system with the feedback signal of the output stage to realize the purpose of voltage stabilization.
However, the three modulation schemes require complex circuitry (such as a triangular or sawtooth generator) to implement; a part of threshold values in the feedback signals are used as linear regulation response signals, so that the output voltage has certain threshold value fluctuation, and the load regulation rate is higher; the response speed of PWM and PFM is limited by the signal period, and the feedback signal needs to wait for the next period to respond after arriving; in the PWM scheme, when the load is small and the duty ratio is small, the switching consumption ratio of the switching element increases, which seriously affects the efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a switching power supply modulation circuit and a corresponding switching power supply to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a switching power supply modulation circuit, including: the device comprises a square wave generating circuit and an asynchronous reset circuit; wherein,
the asynchronous reset circuit is connected with the square wave generating circuit and the output feedback end of the switching power supply, and is used for generating a reset signal according to the voltage of the output feedback end of the switching power supply and sending the reset signal to the square wave generating circuit;
the square wave generating circuit is used for receiving the reset signal, generating a pulse signal according to the reset signal and outputting the pulse signal.
Optionally, the square wave generating circuit is implemented by a multivibrator circuit.
Optionally, the multivibrator circuit is implemented by using a 555 time-base chip.
Optionally, the asynchronous reset circuit is implemented by using the 555 time-base chip and a triode.
Optionally, a base of the triode is connected with an output feedback end of the switching power supply, a collector of the triode is connected with a forced reset pin of the 555 time-base chip, and an emitter of the triode is connected with an output pin of the 555 time-base chip.
Optionally, the asynchronous reset circuit is implemented by using the 555 time-base chip and a triode-type photoelectric coupler.
Optionally, an anode of an input end of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with an output feedback end of the switching power supply, a cathode of an input end of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with an output feedback signal ground, a collector of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with a forced reset pin of the 555 time base chip, and an emitter of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with an output pin of the 555 time base chip.
Optionally, the 555 time-base chip is a 555 time-base chip adopting a TTL process.
Optionally, the 555 time-base chip is a 555 time-base chip adopting a CMOS process.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a switching power supply, comprising: the invention provides any one of the switching power supply modulation circuits.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a switching power supply modulation circuit, comprising: the device comprises a square wave generating circuit and an asynchronous reset circuit; the asynchronous reset circuit is connected with the square wave generating circuit and the output feedback end of the switching power supply, and is used for generating a reset signal according to the voltage of the output feedback end of the switching power supply and sending the reset signal to the square wave generating circuit; the square wave generating circuit is used for receiving the reset signal, generating a pulse signal according to the reset signal and outputting the pulse signal. The switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the invention is based on a brand-new modulation mechanism that voltage signals of an output feedback end of the acquisition switching power supply are used as feedback signals and then modulation is carried out in response to the feedback signals, and can replace the three basic modulation schemes in the prior art. The switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the invention omits the periodic elements and the duty ratio elements of the original modulation signal, and the circuit structure is greatly simplified; the feedback signal can compress the voltage of the whole threshold fluctuation section into a certain fixed voltage value, so that the load regulation rate can be reduced to be very low; in addition, the efficiency of the switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the invention is not obviously reduced when the switching power supply modulation circuit works under a small load.
The switching power supply provided by the invention adopts the switching power supply modulation circuit, and has the same beneficial effects as the switching power supply modulation circuit based on the same inventive concept.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the switching power supply modulation circuit includes: a square wave generating circuit 101 and an asynchronous reset circuit 102; wherein,
the asynchronous reset circuit 102 is connected to both the square wave generating circuit 101 and the output feedback end 103 of the switching power supply, and is configured to generate a reset signal according to the voltage of the output feedback end 103 of the switching power supply and send the reset signal to the square wave generating circuit 101;
the square wave generating circuit 101 is configured to receive the reset signal, generate a pulse signal according to the reset signal, and output the pulse signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the square wave generating circuit 101 may be implemented in various ways, for example, a simple square wave generating circuit may be constructed by using a hysteresis comparator, or a more complex multivibrator circuit may be implemented, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention preferably uses the multivibrator circuit as the square wave generating circuit, and in specific implementation, the multivibrator circuit can be realized by adopting a 555 time-base chip, wherein the 555 time-base chip is also called as a 555 time-base circuit, a 555 integrated circuit or a 555 timer. The 555 time base chip is widely used in various electronic products at present due to reliable work, convenient use and low price, and the 555 time base chip is internally provided with dozens of components, a voltage divider, a comparator, a basic R-S trigger, a discharge tube, a buffer and the like, has more complex circuits, is a mixture of an analog circuit and a digital circuit and can generate accurate time delay and oscillation.
A typical 555 time base chip is an 8-pin package, dual inline type, where 6 pins are called the threshold Terminal (TH), which is the input to the upper comparator; a 2-pin trigger Terminal (TR) which is the input of the lower comparator; pin 3 is the output (Vo), which has two states, O and 1, determined by the level applied at the input; the pin 7 is a discharge end (DIS), which is the output of an internal discharge tube, has two states of suspension and grounding, and is also determined by the state of an input end; pin 4 is a reset terminal (MR), and when a low level is added, the output can be in a low level; pin 5 is a control voltage terminal (Vc) which can be used for changing the upper and lower trigger level values; pin 8 is the power supply terminal and pin 1 is the ground terminal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the asynchronous reset circuit 102 may be implemented by using the 555 time-based chip and a triode, specifically, a base of the triode may be connected to the output feedback terminal 103 of the switching power supply, a collector of the triode is connected to the forced reset pin of the 555 time-based chip, and an emitter of the triode is connected to the output pin of the 555 time-based chip, so that the 555 time-based chip and the triode are used to form the asynchronous reset circuit 102.
In order to achieve the electrical isolation between the input and the output of the switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the present invention, in an embodiment provided by the present invention, the triode type photoelectric coupler may be used to replace the triode, and the asynchronous reset circuit 102 is implemented by using the 555 time-base chip and the triode type photoelectric coupler. Specifically, the anode of the input end of the triode-type photoelectric coupler may be connected to the output feedback end 103 of the switching power supply, the cathode of the input end of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected to the output feedback signal ground, the collector of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected to the forced reset pin of the 555 time base chip, and the emitter of the photoelectric coupler is connected to the output pin of the 555 time base chip.
The 555 time base chip can be divided into a 555 time base chip (bipolar 555 time base chip) adopting a TTL process and a 555 time base chip (CMOS type 555 time base chip) adopting a CMOS process according to a manufacturing principle, and the embodiment of the invention can be selected according to actual requirements, for example, the bipolar 555 time base chip is adopted, and a resistor does not need to be connected in series between the reset terminal pin 4 and the power supply voltage of the chip, so that the circuit can be further simplified; and the modulation power consumption can be further reduced by adopting the CMOS 555 time-base chip.
The principle of the switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention is pulse response modulation, and the principle is as follows:
setting:
pulse hold time ton(a certain constant value, according to the actual setting)
Time delay t after pulse endoff(a certain constant value, according to the actual setting)
Waiting time twait(the change value changes within 0 to infinity time.)
tonIn time, the modulation signal outputs high level (positive logic); t is toffAnd twaitDuring time, the modulated signal outputs a low level (positive logic).
Wherein a pulse hold time tonTime delay t following the end of a pulseoffReferred to as a response unit tresponseLet us note as trsp(trsp＝ton+toff)。
The whole modulation output is composed of response unit trspAnd a waiting time twaitComposition trspAnd twaitDo not overlap with each other (and do not overlap with themselves).
At twaitMonitoring the feedback signal of the output voltage at any time within the time, and stopping t immediately when the feedback signal is lower than a set valuewaitMode, simultaneously with a response unit trsp(ii) a One unit of response trspImmediately after the end, switching to the waiting time twaitMode(s). This step is cycled.
Note: when two adjacent trspT of (2)waitIs very small (t)wait→ 0), can be regarded as trspTo trspDirect switching between (t)wait＝0)。
Data analysis was performed with ideal components.
Defining:
topological inductance L
Topological input capacitor Cin
Topological output capacitor Cout
Internal resistance R of topological charge-discharge loop0
Current I in topological inductorL
When the inductor is just charged, the last residual current I of the inductorL′
When the inductor just discharges to the outside, the last residual current I of the inductorL″
Topological input voltage Uin
Topological output voltage Uout
Inductor charging voltage UL
Holding time t after switching element is turned onon
Holding time t after switch element is closedoff
Wherein U is in a tandem topologyL＝Uin-UoutU in parallel topologyL＝Uin。
Various topological structures of the switching power supply can be regarded as ULAnd (3) charging L (some transformers are adopted, but the analysis principle is similar, and the description is not repeated here) in a first-order mode, and then releasing the energy in L to an output stage. For the series topology structure, because the charging time of the inductor is short each time, the voltage change of the capacitor of the output stage is small, namely delta ULThis conclusion holds true with very little variation.
When the inductor is charged:
due to the fact thatIn the actual application tonT can be regarded as ton→0(IL' negligible effect on it):
calculating to obtain:
when the inductor is discharged, the inductance can be regarded as a part of an LC parallel oscillation period formed by L and C (zero-crossing time of discharge current of L to C), wherein in a parallel topological circuitUC＝Uout-UinIn series topology circuit, C ═ Cout,UC＝Uout：
Due to practical applicationAnd isCan be regarded as toff→0：
Calculating to obtain:
discharging the inductor:
IL＝0,(IL＝0)
from the charging and discharging equations of the inductance, one can derive:
the inductor current increases in proportion to the charging time and decreases in proportion to the discharging time (until it decreases to 0).
The starting time of a certain response pulse is taken as zero time, and the energy transmitted to the rear stage by the front stage of the switching power supply before the next pulse arrives is along with the time t (t is more than or equal to t)rsp) Comprises the following steps:
in the tandem topology:
in the parallel topology:
here, the
In normal operation, the switching power supply can be regarded as a process that the voltages of the input stage and the output stage are unchanged, and energy is transmitted from one part of the input stage to the output stage. Each response unit of the impulse response modulation principle corresponds to each transmission energy.
The switch power supply carries the pulse response modulation scheme, and can effectively work by analyzing one response unit process and a plurality of continuous response unit processes.
Considering factors such as internal resistance of switching elements and switching consumption, inductive current is not easy to increase excessively, retention time after each turn-on is not easy to be too short, and t in response unitonAnd toffReasonable values should be selected, and the switching power supply can work in a continuous mode and a discontinuous mode.
The modulation scheme has at least one fixed discharge time in each response unit, and effectively limits the upper limit of the inductive current. When the load is small or the load is no-load, the response of the adjacent two response unit intervals in the modulation scheme is increased, the pulse width is unchanged, and the efficiency is effectively ensured.
The impulse response modulation scheme has the following advantages: the periodic elements and the duty ratio elements of the original modulation signals are saved, and only a feedback response mode is adopted; meanwhile, feedback is not needed to wait for the response of the next period; the feedback signal compresses the voltage of the whole threshold fluctuation section into a certain fixed voltage value; the information of the signal is only two, one is that the output voltage reaches or exceeds a preset value and needs to wait, and the other is that the output voltage does not reach the preset value and needs to respond to a pulse; the pulse width is unchanged.
The switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same beneficial effects based on the pulse response modulation scheme.
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching power supply modulation circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using a 555 time-based chip, and in fig. 2, VDD is a power supply voltage for the chip; uout is the output voltage of the switching power supply; Uout-GND is the output ground of the switching power supply; the PRM is an output of the pulse response modulation (i.e., a pulse signal finally output by the switching power supply modulation circuit and directly drives the switching element), and symbols of other components are common symbols in the technical field of electronic circuits, and a specific connection relationship is shown in the attached drawing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high level is only dependent on R1C1, and the low level is only dependent on R2C 2.
In addition, the diode between the 2 pin and the 3 pin can be connected with a resistor in series to reduce the rising time of the output signal, but the resistance value is selected to ensure that the first pulse width is consistent with the continuous pulse width after reset.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply modulation circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching power supply modulation circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using a 555 time-base chip and is electrically isolated by using a triode-type photo coupler, and in fig. 3, VDD is a power supply voltage for the chip; uout is the output voltage of the switching power supply; Uout-GND is the ground of the output feedback signal of the switching power supply; the PRM is an output of the pulse response modulation (i.e., a pulse signal finally output by the switching power supply modulation circuit and directly drives the switching element), and symbols of other components are common symbols in the technical field of electronic circuits, and a specific connection relationship is shown in the attached drawing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high level is only dependent on R1C1, and the low level is only dependent on R2C 2.
In addition, the diode between the 2 pin and the 3 pin can be connected with a resistor in series to reduce the rising time of the output signal, but the resistance value is selected to ensure that the first pulse width is consistent with the continuous pulse width after reset.
The present invention also provides a switching power supply, comprising: the invention provides any one of the switching power supply modulation circuits. Since the switching power supply provided by the invention adopts the switching power supply modulation circuit provided by the invention, please refer to the embodiment of the switching power supply modulation power supply for understanding, and the detailed description is omitted, and the switching power supply modulation circuit have the same beneficial effects based on the same inventive concept.
In the description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A switching power supply modulation circuit, comprising: the device comprises a square wave generating circuit and an asynchronous reset circuit; wherein,
the asynchronous reset circuit is connected with the square wave generating circuit and the output feedback end of the switching power supply, and is used for generating a reset signal according to the voltage of the output feedback end of the switching power supply and sending the reset signal to the square wave generating circuit;
the square wave generating circuit is used for receiving the reset signal, generating a pulse signal according to the reset signal and outputting the pulse signal;
the pulse response modulation of the switching power supply modulation circuit comprises the following steps:
setting:
pulse hold time ton；
Time delay t after pulse endoff；
Waiting time twait；
tonIn time, the modulation signal outputs high level; t is toffAnd twaitIn time, the modulation signal outputs low level;
wherein a pulse hold time tonTime delay t following the end of a pulseoffReferred to as a response unit tresponseLet us note as trsp，trsp＝ton+toff；
The whole modulation output is composed of response unit trspAnd a waiting time twaitComposition trspAnd twaitCan not overlap each other;
at twaitMonitoring the feedback signal of the output voltage at any time within the time, and stopping t immediately when the feedback signal is lower than a set valuewaitMode, simultaneously with a response unit trsp(ii) a One unit of response trspImmediately after the end, switching to the waiting time twaitMode, this step is looped.
2. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 1, wherein the square wave generation circuit is implemented by a multivibrator circuit.
3. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 2, wherein the multivibrator circuit is implemented using a 555 time base chip.
4. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 3, wherein the asynchronous reset circuit is implemented by using the 555 time-base chip and a triode.
5. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 4, wherein a base of the triode is connected with an output feedback terminal of the switching power supply, a collector of the triode is connected with a forced reset pin of the 555 time base chip, and an emitter of the triode is connected with an output pin of the 555 time base chip.
6. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 3, wherein the asynchronous reset circuit is implemented by using the 555 time-base chip and a triode-type photoelectric coupler.
7. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 6, wherein an anode of an input terminal of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with an output feedback terminal of the switching power supply, a cathode of the input terminal of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with an output feedback signal ground, a collector of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with the forced reset pin of the 555 time base chip, and an emitter of the triode-type photoelectric coupler is connected with the output pin of the 555 time base chip.
8. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 3, wherein the 555 time base chip is a 555 time base chip adopting TTL process.
9. The switching power supply modulation circuit according to claim 3, wherein the 555 time-base chip is a 555 time-base chip adopting CMOS technology.
10. A switching power supply, comprising: the switching power supply modulation circuit of any one of claim 1 through claim 9.
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| CN206023567U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-15 | 宋宇敬 | Switching Power Supply modulation circuit and Switching Power Supply |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8201012B2 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-06-12 | Evergreen Micro Devices Co., Ltd. | Load adaptive EMI reduction scheme for switching mode power supply |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996013893A1 (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-05-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit for driving a converter |
| CN201019901Y (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-02-13 | 吴金堂 | Semiconductor beauty treatment machine |
| CN101710786A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-05-19 | 成都芯源系统有限公司 | Switch voltage stabilizing circuit and method |
| CN102307044A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-01-04 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | Switching power supply PWM (pulse width modulation) controller with variable frequencies |
| CN103401211A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-20 | 黄宇嵩 | Direct-current load overvoltage overcurrent protection device |
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Granted publication date: 20190510 Termination date: 20190830 |