CN105162325B - Pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator - Google Patents
Pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Based on the pulse frequency modulation circuit of reference voltage comparison oscillator, it is related to switching power circuit.Including operating circuit switches between charge and discharge mode under pulse-modulated signal effect；Control circuit generates pulse-modulated signal according to the clock signal of the first reference voltage, voltage feedback signal and changeable frequency, and control circuit includes providing the error amplifier of error amplification signal；Clock signal generator, including oscillator charging and discharging circuit switch between oscillator charge and discharge mode under signal function in controlling；First comparator generates the low and high level of transformation as clock signal to the voltage at the second energy-storage travelling wave tube both ends compared with the second reference voltage；Adjust unit, receive error amplification signal control selected from the reference voltage signal of multiple and different voltage swings one as the second reference voltage.The present invention directly controls the frequency of clock signal by the output of error amplification signal, so that cycle stability, reduces the ripple of output voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology fields, and in particular to a kind of switching power circuit.
Background technique
Pulse-width-modulated mode (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) and pulse frequency modulated mode (Pulse
Frequency Modulation, PFM) it is two major classes DC-DC converter framework, each type is in heavy duty and light load
Efficiency, load regulation, design complexity etc. performance characteristic be it is different, since load level is worked in entire circuit
Significant change may occur in journey, be 1~2mA in sleep, and during normal operation then up to several hundred mA.Existing skill
In art, in light load, PWM converter can automatically switch to a kind of low-power consumption mode and be disappeared with reducing battery current to the maximum extent
Consumption, to realize under constant frequency by reducing on-off times, increases duty ratio by intermittently issuing pulse signal to improve
Underloading and standby efficiency, the waveform diagram of the pulse-modulated signal PFM1 of this mode as shown in Figure 1, however this method can make
Higher at output ripple, control method is unsatisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, solutions
The certainly above technical problem.
Technical problem solved by the invention can be realized using following technical scheme:
Pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, wherein include:
One first switch device group acts on lower alternate conduction or shutdown in a pulse-modulated signal；
One is provided with the operating circuit of the first energy-storage travelling wave tube, in charge mode under the action of the first switch device group
Switch between discharge mode；
One control circuit, to according to one first reference voltage, a voltage feedback signal, a current detection signal and a period of time
Clock signal generates pulse-modulated signal；
The control circuit includes,
One error amplifier obtains one for being compared to first reference voltage with the voltage feedback signal
Error amplification signal；
One clock signal generator；The clock signal is generated, and receives the compensation adjustment institute of the error amplification signal
State clock signal；The clock signal generator includes,
One is provided with the oscillator charging and discharging circuit of the second energy-storage travelling wave tube, in one control signal under the action of switchably in
Switch between oscillator charge mode and oscillator discharge mode；
One first comparator compares for the voltage to second energy-storage travelling wave tube both ends with second reference voltage
Compared with the high level signal and low level signal for generating transformation are as the clock signal；
One adjusts unit, receives the control of the error amplification signal from multiple reference voltages with different voltages size
A reference voltage signal is selected to be connected to the first comparator in signal, as second reference voltage.
Preferably, the adjusting unit includes,
One analog-digital converter obtains digital signal for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion to the error amplification signal；
The adjusting branch of a plurality of parallel connections, one reference voltage signal of each adjusting branch road series connection, each benchmark electricity
One switch of signal series connection is pressed, the control terminal of the switch is separately connected the output end of the analog-digital converter, in the number letter
The wherein adjusting branch conducting all the way is selected under the action of number, to select a reference voltage signal.
Preferably, the oscillator charging and discharging circuit includes,
One first switch branch is switchably serially connected with one first current source and one second under the control signal function
It crosses between node；
One second switch branch is switchably serially connected with one second current source and a ground connection under the control signal function
Between end；
One oscillator charge and discharge branch is parallel to the both ends of the second switch branch, the second energy-storage travelling wave tube series connection
In the oscillator charge and discharge branch road.
Preferably, multiple reference voltage signals are generated by same reference voltage circuit.
Preferably, the first switch branch connects the clock signal with the control terminal of the second switch branch, with
The clock signal is as the control signal.
Preferably, connect between the first switch branch or the control terminal and the clock signal of the second switch branch
A logic gates is connect, to provide complementary control signal to the first switch branch and the second switch branch.
Preferably, the control circuit further includes,
One second comparator generates one for being compared to the error amplification signal with the current detection signal
Comparison signal；
One PWM controller generates the pulse-modulated signal according to the comparison signal and the clock signal.
Preferably, the operating circuit includes:
One charge control branch is connected to an Input voltage terminal and one first and crosses between node；
One charge and discharge branch is connected to described first and crosses between node and an output voltage terminal；
One control of discharge branch is connected to described first and crosses between node and a ground terminal, first energy-storage travelling wave tube
It is series at the charge and discharge branch road；
For the operating circuit when charge mode, the first switch device group controls the charge control branch and described
The conducting of charge and discharge branch, and control the control of discharge branch and disconnect, make the electric current of the input terminal input to first storage
It can element charging；
For the operating circuit when discharge mode, the first switch device group controls the control of discharge branch and described
The conducting of charge and discharge branch, and control the charge control branch and disconnect, so that first energy-storage travelling wave tube is discharged the output end.
Preferably, the control circuit further includes,
One feedback network is connected between the output voltage terminal and the ground terminal, to generate the Voltage Feedback
Signal；
One current detection circuit, the controllable Input voltage terminal and described first that is parallel to cross between node, use
To generate the current detection signal according to the pulse-modulated signal.
Preferably, the current detection circuit includes,
One detection resistance, is series on current detection circuit；
One detection compensating unit, connects the both ends of the detection resistance, to detect the electric current for flowing through detection resistance；
The detection control switch of one signal control on-off pulsed, is connected on the current detection circuit.
The utility model has the advantages that due to using the technology described above, it is logical to have newly increased clock signal adjustment to circuit structure of the invention
Road directly controls the frequency of clock signal by the output of error amplification signal, so that cycle stability, reduces the line of output voltage
Wave.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the waveform diagram of the pulse-modulated signal PFM1 of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is electrical block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of clock signal generator of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram of pulse-modulated signal PFM2 of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor it is obtained it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but not as the limitation of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, wherein include:
One first switch device group acts on lower alternate conduction or shutdown in a pulse-modulated signal；
One is provided with the operating circuit of the first energy-storage travelling wave tube, in charge mode and putting under the action of first switch device group
Switch between power mode；
One control circuit, to be believed according to one first reference voltage Vref 1, a voltage feedback signal Vfb, a current detecting
Number and a changeable frequency clock signal generate pulse-modulated signal；
Control circuit includes
One error amplifier 1 obtains one for being compared to the first reference voltage Vref 1 with voltage feedback signal Vfb
Error amplification signal EAout；
One clock signal generator 2 generates clock signal, and receives the compensation adjustment clock of error amplification signal EAout
Signal；Clock signal generator 2 includes,
One is provided with the oscillator charging and discharging circuit of the second energy-storage travelling wave tube, in one control signal under the action of switchably in
Switch between oscillator charge mode and oscillator discharge mode；
One first comparator 22, for the second both ends energy-storage travelling wave tube C voltage and one second reference voltage Vref 2 carry out
Compare, the high level signal and low level signal for generating transformation make clock signal；
One adjusts unit, and the control for receiving error amplification signal EAout is electric from multiple benchmark with different voltages size
One reference voltage signal of selection is connected to first comparator 22 in pressure signal, as the second reference voltage Vref 2.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, adjusting unit includes,
One analog-digital converter 21 obtains digital signal for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion to error amplification signal EAout；
The adjusting branch of a plurality of parallel connections, one reference voltage signal of each adjusting branch road series connection, each reference voltage letter
Number one switch of series connection, the control terminal of switch is separately connected the output end of analog-digital converter, selects it under the action of digital signal
In adjust all the way branch conducting, to select a reference voltage signal.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, oscillator charging and discharging circuit includes,
One first switch branch is switchably serially connected with one first current source 23 and one second in the case where controlling signal function and hands over
Between remittance node；
One second switch branch is switchably serially connected with one second current source 24 and a ground terminal in the case where controlling signal function
Between GND；
One oscillator charge and discharge branch, is parallel to the both ends of second switch branch, and the second energy-storage travelling wave tube is series at oscillator
Charge and discharge branch road.
When charge mode, first switch branch, the conducting of oscillator charge and discharge branch, second opens oscillator charging and discharging circuit
Branch shutdown is closed, the electric current that the current source on conducting branches generates charges to the second energy-storage travelling wave tube；
When discharge mode, second switch branch, the conducting of oscillator charge and discharge branch, first opens oscillator charging and discharging circuit
Branch, oscillator adjusting branch shutdown are closed, the second energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges to second switch branch；
Under constant current source charging, the voltage at the second energy-storage travelling wave tube both ends linearly increases at any time, charging current and capacitor
The ratio of value reflects the speed that charging current charges to capacitor, selects to adjust branch conducting all the way under the action of digital signal,
To change the second reference voltage, the adjustment of charging speed is realized, the second current source 24 of second switch branch road is by changing
Become discharge current size, realize the adjustment of electric discharge speed, the final frequency for realizing adjustment clock signal obtains the pulse tune of needs
The waveform diagram of signal processed, pulse-modulated signal PFM2 as shown in Figure 4 compares pulse adjustment signal cycle stability shown in FIG. 1,
Realize the purpose for reducing the ripple of output voltage.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, multiple reference voltage signals are produced by same reference voltage circuit
It is raw.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, when first switch branch is connected with the control terminal of second switch branch
Clock signal, using clock signal as control signal.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the control terminal and clock of first switch branch or second switch branch
A logic gates is connected between signal, to provide complementary control signal to first switch branch and second switch branch.
A kind of specific embodiment, first switch branch series switching devices S1, second switch branch series switching devices S2,
Switching device S1 can be P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor, and switching device S2 can be N-channel MOS pipe, using clock signal as control signal,
The control terminal of clock signal connection first switch branch and second switch branch.Switching device S1 and switching device S2 can be all
P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor, at this point, connecting a logic gate between first switch branch or the control terminal and clock signal of second switch branch
Circuit, to provide complementary control signal to first switch branch and second switch branch.Control switch device S1 and derailing switch
Part S2 replaces on-off, realizes that oscillator charging and discharging circuit alternately switches between charge mode and discharge mode.
A plurality of adjustings branches as shown in Figure 3 may include reference voltage signal Vref11 and switching device S3 concatenated the
One, which adjusts branch, reference voltage signal Vref12 and switching device S4 concatenated second, adjusts branch, reference voltage signal
The concatenated third of Vref13 and switching device S5 adjusts branch, realizes that one of branch that adjusts is led under the control of digital signal
It is logical, to select different size of reference voltage signal.
Second energy-storage travelling wave tube of the invention uses capacity cell C.
Switching device S3, switching device S4 and switching device S5 of the invention can use N-channel MOS FET and/or P ditch
Road MOSFET is realized.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, control circuit further includes,
One second comparator 3 generates a ratio for being compared to error amplification signal EAout with current detection signal
Compared with signal；
One PWM controller 5, PWM controller 5 connect clock signal, generate pulse tune according to comparison signal and clock signal
Signal processed.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, operating circuit includes:
One charge control branch is connected to an Input voltage terminal VDD and one first and crosses between node Lx；
One charge and discharge branch is connected to first and crosses between node Lx and an output voltage terminal Vout；
One control of discharge branch is connected to first and crosses between node Lx and a ground terminal GND, the series connection of the first energy-storage travelling wave tube
In charge and discharge branch road；
For operating circuit when charge mode, first switch device group controls charge control branch and the conducting of charge and discharge branch,
And the disconnection of control of discharge branch is controlled, the electric current for inputting input terminal charges to the first energy-storage travelling wave tube；
For operating circuit when discharge mode, first switch device group controls control of discharge branch and the conducting of charge and discharge branch,
And the disconnection of charge control branch is controlled, so that the first energy-storage travelling wave tube is discharged output end.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, control circuit further includes,
One feedback network is connected between output voltage terminal Vout and ground terminal GND, to generate voltage feedback signal；
One current detection circuit, the controllable Input voltage terminal VDD and first that is parallel to crosses between node Lx, to root
Current detection signal is generated according to pulse-modulated signal.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, feedback network is mainly formed by a resistor voltage divider circuit, resistance point
Volt circuit includes predetermined number and is connected in series with each other the divider resistance between output voltage terminal Vout and ground terminal GND,
The dot being connected between divider resistance is at divider node；
Feedback voltage signal is drawn from scheduled divider node.
A kind of specific embodiment, feedback network include the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 being serially connected, feedback voltage
Signal is drawn from the node that first resistor R1 is connected with second resistance R2.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, current detection circuit includes:
One detection resistance Rb, is series on current detection circuit；
One detection compensating unit 4, the both ends of connecting detection resistance Rb, to detect the electric current for flowing through detection resistance；
The detection control switch Mp2 of one signal control on-off pulsed, is connected on current detection circuit.
Detection compensating unit 4 is also connect with clock signal, for compensating to detection electric current, it is therefore intended that stabling current
Detection loop.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the first energy-storage travelling wave tube of the invention uses inductance component L, output end
A filter capacitor C1 is also connected between Vout and ground terminal GND.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, control circuit further includes a zero cross detection circuit 6, zero passage detection electricity
The output end on road 6 is connect with PWM controller 5.In switching power circuit, when loading larger, inductive current is in whole cycle
Zero is not returned to inside, so that circuit is generally in continuous conduction mode, but when load current continues to decline and as low as a certain critical
When value, first switch tube Mp and second switch Mn may be simultaneously closed off in one cycle, at this time the Working mould of inductive current
Formula is known as discontinuous conduction mode, and the electric current on inductance is zero during this period, when under discontinuous inductive current mode, due to becoming
The influence of the factors such as logical delay, wire delay and parasitism inside parallel operation, when load current being caused to continue to drop to critical value, the
Two switching tube Mn are not turned off or are not completely off, and will lead to electric current reverse irrigation at this time, so that output voltage is sent greatly
Fluctuation, influences the performance indicator of system, is used to prevent electric current from flowing backward by setting zero cross detection circuit 6, avoids the above problem, can
It is realized with zero cross detection circuit using the prior art, therefore not to repeat here.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit embodiments of the present invention and protection model
It encloses, to those skilled in the art, should can appreciate that all with made by description of the invention and diagramatic content
Equivalent replacement and obviously change obtained scheme, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the pulse frequency modulation circuit based on reference voltage comparison oscillator characterized by comprising
One first switch device group acts on lower alternate conduction or shutdown in a pulse-modulated signal；
One is provided with the operating circuit of the first energy-storage travelling wave tube, in charge mode and putting under the action of the first switch device group
Switch between power mode；
One control circuit, to can according to one first reference voltage, a voltage feedback signal, a current detection signal and a frequency
The clock signal of change generates pulse-modulated signal；
The control circuit includes,
One error amplifier obtains an error for being compared to first reference voltage with the voltage feedback signal
Amplified signal；
One clock signal generator generates the clock signal, and when receiving described in the compensation adjustment of the error amplification signal
Clock signal；The clock signal generator includes,
One is provided with the oscillator charging and discharging circuit of the second energy-storage travelling wave tube, switchably in oscillation under the action of a control signal
Switch between device charge mode and oscillator discharge mode；
One first comparator is compared for the voltage to second energy-storage travelling wave tube both ends with one second reference voltage, is produced
The high level signal changed and low level signal change as the clock signal；
One adjusts unit, receives the control of the error amplification signal from multiple reference voltage signals with different voltages size
One reference voltage signal of middle selection is connected to the first comparator, as second reference voltage；
The adjusting unit includes,
One analog-digital converter obtains digital signal for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion to the error amplification signal；
The adjusting branch of a plurality of parallel connections, one reference voltage signal of each adjusting branch road series connection, each reference voltage letter
Number one switch of series connection, the control terminal of the switch is separately connected the output end of the analog-digital converter, Yu Suoshu digital signal
The lower selection of the effect wherein adjusting branch conducting all the way, to select a reference voltage signal.
2. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 1 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The oscillator charging and discharging circuit includes,
One first switch branch is switchably serially connected with one first current source under the control signal function and crosses with one second
Between node；
One second switch branch, be switchably serially connected under the control signal function one second current source and a ground terminal it
Between；
One oscillator charge and discharge branch, is parallel to the both ends of the second switch branch, and second energy-storage travelling wave tube is series at institute
State oscillator charge and discharge branch road.
3. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 1 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
Multiple reference voltage signals are generated by same reference voltage circuit.
4. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 2 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The first switch branch connects the clock signal with the control terminal of the second switch branch, using the clock signal as
The control signal.
5. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 4 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
A logic gates is connected between the first switch branch or the control terminal and the clock signal of the second switch branch,
To provide complementary control signal to the first switch branch and the second switch branch.
6. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 1 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The control circuit further includes,
One second comparator generates one and compares for being compared to the error amplification signal with the current detection signal
Signal；
One PWM controller generates the pulse-modulated signal according to the comparison signal and the clock signal.
7. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 2 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The operating circuit includes:
One charge control branch is connected to an Input voltage terminal and one first and crosses between node；
One charge and discharge branch is connected to described first and crosses between node and an output voltage terminal；
One control of discharge branch is connected to described first and crosses between node and a ground terminal, the first energy-storage travelling wave tube series connection
In the charge and discharge branch road；
For the operating circuit when charge mode, the first switch device group controls the charge control branch and the charge and discharge
Electric branch conducting, and control the control of discharge branch and disconnect, make the electric current of the input terminal input to the first energy storage member
Part charging；
For the operating circuit when discharge mode, the first switch device group controls the control of discharge branch and the charge and discharge
Electric branch conducting, and control the charge control branch and disconnect, so that first energy-storage travelling wave tube is discharged the output end.
8. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 7 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The control circuit further includes,
One feedback network is connected between the output voltage terminal and the ground terminal, to generate the voltage feedback signal；
One current detection circuit, the controllable Input voltage terminal and described first that is parallel to crosses between node, to root
The current detection signal is generated according to the pulse-modulated signal.
9. the pulse frequency modulation circuit according to claim 8 based on reference voltage comparison oscillator, which is characterized in that
The current detection circuit includes,
One detection resistance, is series on current detection circuit；
One detection compensating unit, connects the both ends of the detection resistance, to detect the electric current for flowing through detection resistance；
The detection control switch of one signal control on-off pulsed, is connected on the current detection circuit.
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| US10305369B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2019-05-28 | Analog Devices Global | Noise reduction in a voltage converter |
| CN107222105B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2023-08-29 | 杰华特微电子股份有限公司 | Frequency control circuit and method, and switching circuit |
| CN107995544B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳芯智汇科技有限公司 | Voltage control circuit, headset type detection configuration circuit, driving circuit and method |
| CN112260683B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-30 | 芯天下技术股份有限公司 | Circuit and chip for multiplexing oscillator frequency adjustment module and reference module |
| CN116647098B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏应能微电子股份有限公司 | Switching power supply on time control circuit and method and switching power supply |
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| JP5261919B2 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2013-08-14 | 富士通セミコンダクター株式会社 | DC-DC converter and control circuit for DC-DC converter |
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| CN101335488A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | 天钰信息科技（上海）有限公司 | System for modulating working frequency of switch power source converter |
| CN102545604A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-07-04 | 英特赛尔美国股份有限公司 | Synthetic ripple regulator with frequency control |
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