CN103199593A - Charging management circuit and system - Google Patents
Charging management circuit and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103199593A CN103199593A CN2013101517468A CN201310151746A CN103199593A CN 103199593 A CN103199593 A CN 103199593A CN 2013101517468 A CN2013101517468 A CN 2013101517468A CN 201310151746 A CN201310151746 A CN 201310151746A CN 103199593 A CN103199593 A CN 103199593A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The invention provides a charging management circuit which comprises a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch and a charging/power supplying control circuit, wherein the first power switch is connected between an external charging node and a middle node; the second power switch is connected between the middle node and the ground; the third power switch is connected between the middle mode and a battery node; when an adapter is connected with the external charging node, the charging/power supplying control circuit is used for controlling the first power switch and the second power switch to be powered on alternately and controlling the third power switch to charge a battery; and when the adapter is not connected with the external charging node, the charging/power supplying control circuit is used for controlling the third power switch and the second power switch to be powered on alternately and controlling the first power switch to be powered off. Therefore, when the charging management circuit performs the charging management, the charging management circuit can also perform voltage-reduction conversion on the voltage of the battery or an external power supply through a voltage-reduction type direct current-direct current conversion converter as well as provide the voltage for a power supplying circuit.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to electronic circuit field, particularly a kind of charge management circuit and system.
[background technology]
Charge management circuit can be used to prolong the useful life of lithium battery and the fail safe that improves lithium battery usually.Charge management circuit comprises switching mode charge management circuit and linear model charge management circuit.Wherein, the switching mode charge management circuit is widely used in relating in the charging management chip of big electric current because of its high efficiency characteristic.
Please refer to shown in Figure 1ly, it is the circuit diagram of bypass type charge management circuit of the prior art.This bypass type charge management circuit 110 is the switching mode charge management circuit.It comprises K switch 1, K switch 2, charging control circuit 112, inductance L 1, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, diode D1, resistance R 4 and PMOS(P-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor MP6.Wherein, K switch 1 and K switch 2 are connected between external charge node VCHG and the ground successively; Inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 are connected between the connected node and ground between K switch 1 and the K switch 2 successively, and the connected node between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C 1 links to each other with battery node VBAT; The positive and negative electrode of battery BAT links to each other with ground with battery node VBAT respectively; PMOS transistor MP6 and capacitor C 2 are connected between battery node VBAT and the ground successively, and wherein, the connected node between PMOS transistor MP6 and the capacitor C 2 links to each other with built-in system supply node VSYS; The anode of diode D1 links to each other with built-in system supply node VSYS respectively at external charge node VCHG with negative electrode; Resistance R 4 is connected between the grid and ground of PMOS transistor MP6, and the connected node between PMOS transistor MP6 and the resistance R 4 links to each other with external charge node VCHG; The input of charging control circuit 112 links to each other with node VBAT, and two output links to each other with the control end of K switch 1 and the control end of K switch 2 respectively.
Battery BAT or external power supply give power supply circuits 120 power supplies by described charge management circuit 110, and then, described power supply circuits 120 are powered to built-in system again.Described power supply circuits 120 comprise one or more DC/DC (DC-DC) transducer and one or more LDO (low difference voltage regulator), are a plurality of system voltages with the voltage transitions with node VSYS.In order to simplify description, the power supply circuits 120 among Fig. 1 only show a DC/DC transducer and a LDO.The input VIN of this DC/DC transducer links to each other with node VSYS, and its output links to each other with node V1, and its voltage transitions that is used for node VSYS is system voltage V1; The input VIN of this LDO links to each other with node VSYS, and its output links to each other with node V2, and its voltage transitions that is used for node VSYS is system voltage V2.
Below specifically introduce the course of work of described charge management circuit 110.
When node VCHG is not connected to adapter (Adapter, usually constituted by the AC-DC transducer), be that external power supply does not insert or external power supply when being removed, the grid of PMOS transistor MP6 is pulled down to ground by resistance R 4, therefore, PMOS transistor MP6 conducting, the voltage of node VBAT passes to node VSYS, be that battery BAT gives power supply circuits 120 power supplies, provide various systems required voltage by DC/DC and LDO then.
When node VCHG is connected to adapter (being that external power supply inserts), the voltage of node VCHG is high, PMOS transistor MP6 ends, the voltage of node VCHG passes to node VSYS by diode D1, namely give power supply circuits 120 power supplies by external power supply, provide various systems required voltage by DC/DC and LDO then; Simultaneously, charging control circuit 112 charges external power supply by control switch K1 and K switch 2 simultaneously to battery BAT.
According to foregoing as can be known, when node VCHG was not connected to adapter, battery BAT gave node VSYS power supply by PMOS transistor MP6, and node VSYS is the built-in system power supply by DC/DC and LDO again, like this, additionally produce efficiency losses at PMOS transistor MP6; When node VCHG is connected to adapter, it is DC/DC and LDO power supply that the voltage of node VCHG passes to node VSYS, the input voltage of LDO is all higher, thereby cause the pressure drop of LDO bigger, and then make the efficiency losses of LDO higher, system effectiveness was lower when above-mentioned two kinds of situations will cause battery that system is powered, and made troubles for user's use.
When common electric weight as battery BAT is not enough, the user wishes to plug charger (perhaps adapter) can satisfy the system works needs, rather than wait for that battery is charged to enough electric weight, can back-up system could the use system during power consumption requirements, be that the user wishes when plugging charger, charge management circuit can preferentially satisfy system's power consumption, and then battery is charged.Yet the charge management circuit among Fig. 1 does not have this function.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of improved technical scheme to overcome the problems referred to above.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of charge management circuit and system, it is when realizing the Charge Management function, can also change transducer by buck DC to dc the voltage of battery or external power supply is carried out the step-down conversion and offers power supply circuits, thereby improve system effectiveness when with battery or external power supply system being powered.
In order to address the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of charge management circuit, it comprises first power switch, second power switch and the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1, capacitor C 1 and charging/power-supplying circuit.Described first power switch is connected between external charge node VCHG and the intermediate node LX; Second power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the ground; The 3rd power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the battery node VBAT; Inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively, and the connected node between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C 1 links to each other with the supply node V1 of system; The positive and negative electrode of battery BAT links to each other with ground with battery node VBAT respectively.When adapter linked to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described first power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controlled the 3rd power switch simultaneously so that battery BAT is charged; When adapter did not link to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described the 3rd power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controls first power switch simultaneously and ends.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when adapter linked to each other with described external charge node VCHG, if described intermediate node LX is high level, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled the 3rd power switch so that battery BAT is charged; If intermediate node LX is low level, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled the 3rd power switch and is ended.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging/power-supplying circuit comprises that power-supplying circuit, adapter connect decision circuit and charging control circuit, described power-supplying circuit drives signal and the second driving signal according to the voltage output first of node V1, and wherein the second driving signal links to each other with the control end of second power switch; Described adapter connects decision circuit and judges according to the voltage of node VCHG whether adapter links to each other with node VCHG, and output connects decision signal CHGH; Described charging control circuit output charging control signal; When described adapter connection decision circuit judges that adapter links to each other with described node VCHG, first of described power-supplying circuit drives signal and links to each other with the control end of described first power switch, charging control signal links to each other with the control end of the 3rd power switch, described charging control circuit is by controlling the 3rd power switch to the battery control of charging, drive signal and second by first and drive described first power switch of signal controlling and the second power switch alternate conduction, this moment described power-supplying circuit, first power switch, second power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VCHG; When described adapter connection decision circuit judges that adapter does not link to each other with described node VCHG, first of described power-supplying circuit drives signal and links to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch, controlling first power switch simultaneously turn-offs, drive signal and second by first and drive described the 3rd power switch of signal controlling and the second power switch alternate conduction, described power-supplying circuit, second power switch, the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device at this moment, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VBAT.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging/power-supplying circuit also comprises logic selection circuit, described logic is selected circuit and is connected decision signal CHGH, first drives signal PDRV, described charging control signal, the control end of first power switch links to each other with the control end of the 3rd power switch, when adapter links to each other with described node VCHG, described logic selects circuit to select the first driving signal PDRV is linked to each other with the control end of described first power switch, selects the charging signals of described charging control circuit output is linked to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch; When adapter did not link to each other with described node VCHG, described logic selected circuit output signal to control described first power switch shutoff, selected to drive signal PDRV with first and linked to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging/power-supplying circuit also comprises the charge-current regulation module, when the electric current of node VCHG output during less than the available maximum current of adapter, described charge-current regulation module is not worked, when node VCHG output electric current greater than the available maximum current of adapter, described charge-current regulation module reduce the to flow through charging current of PMOS transistor MP2, the power supply of preferentially assurance system.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging control circuit comprises operational amplifier OP, the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF, and described the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively; The normal phase input end of operational amplifier OP links to each other with battery node VBAT, its negative-phase input links to each other with connected node DPS2 between the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the constant-current source IREF, its output links to each other with the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2, and the connected node OPO between the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the output of operational amplifier OP is the output of described charging control circuit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the charge-current regulation module comprises current sampling circuit ISEN and amplifier GM, and the electric current that described current sampling circuit IESN is used for sampling node VCHG output obtains sample rate current; Described amplifier GM is used for more described sample rate current and compares with the setting current threshold, at described sample rate current when setting current threshold, generate the proportional electric current of difference with described sample rate current and described setting current threshold, and it is imported described connected node DPS2.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described first power switch comprises a PMOS transistor MP1 and the first lining body selection circuit BodyS1, a described PMOS transistor MP1 comprises first link that links to each other with node VCHG, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX and lining body end BP1, the described first lining body selects circuit BodyS1 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VCHG and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP1; Described the 3rd power switch comprises the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 and the second lining body selection circuit BodyS2, described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 comprises first link that links to each other with node VBAT, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX and lining body end BP2, the described second lining body selects circuit BodyS2 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VBAT and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP2.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described second power switch replaces with diode, the plus earth of described diode, negative electrode links to each other with described intermediate node LX, described charging/power-supplying circuit is not controlled described diode, when adapter links to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled the described first power switch conducting or is ended, if the described first power switch conducting, then described diode reverse is ended, if described first power switch ends, then described diode forward conducting, this moment described power-supplying circuit, first power switch, diode, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VCHG; When adapter links to each other with not described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled described the 3rd power switch conducting or is ended, if described the 3rd power switch conducting, then described diode reverse is ended, if described the 3rd power switch ends, then described diode forward conducting, described power-supplying circuit, diode, the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device at this moment, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VBAT.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of charging management system, it comprises power supply circuits and charge management circuit.Described charge management circuit comprises first power switch, second power switch and the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1, capacitor C 1 and charging/power-supplying circuit.Described first power switch is connected between external charge node VCHG and the intermediate node LX; Second power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the ground; The 3rd power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the battery node VBAT; Inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively, and the connected node between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C 1 links to each other with the supply node V1 of system; The positive and negative electrode of battery BAT links to each other with ground with battery node VBAT respectively.When adapter linked to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described first power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controlled the 3rd power switch simultaneously so that battery BAT is charged; When adapter did not link to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described the 3rd power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controls first power switch simultaneously and ends.Described power supply circuits comprise a plurality of DC/DC transducers and a plurality of LDO, and the voltage transitions that they are used for node V1 is corresponding system voltage, and the voltage of wherein said node V1 equals the minimum operating voltage of described power supply circuits.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of charge management circuit, it is when realizing the Charge Management function, can also change transducer by buck DC to dc the voltage of battery or external power supply is carried out the step-down conversion and offers power supply circuits, thereby improve system effectiveness when with battery or external power supply system being powered.
[description of drawings]
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use is done to introduce simply in will describing embodiment below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of bypass type charge management circuit of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the charge management circuit schematic diagram in one embodiment among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the charging/power-supplying circuit circuit diagram in one embodiment among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is among the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the switching waveform when node VCHG is connected to adapter and current waveform figure;
Fig. 5 is the charging/power-supplying circuit circuit diagram in another embodiment among Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the charge management circuit schematic diagram in another embodiment among the present invention.
[embodiment]
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Alleged " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to be contained in special characteristic, structure or the characteristic at least one implementation of the present invention herein.Different local in this manual " in one embodiment " that occur not are all to refer to same embodiment, neither be independent or the embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiment optionally.Unless stated otherwise, the word that connection herein, the expression that links to each other, joins electrically connect is all represented directly or indirectly to be electrical connected.
Charge management circuit among the present invention, it is when realizing the Charge Management function, can also change transducer by buck DC to dc carries out the voltage of battery or external power supply the step-down conversion and offers power supply circuits, the system effectiveness when thereby improvement is powered to system with battery or external power supply, and when system's power consumption is big, described charge management circuit can preferentially satisfy system's power consumption, and then battery is charged, thereby is user-friendly to.
Please refer to shown in Figure 2ly, it is the charge management circuit schematic diagram in one embodiment among the present invention.Described charge management circuit 210 comprises first power switch 212, the second power switch K2, the 3rd power switch 214, inductance L 1, capacitor C 1 and charging/power-supplying circuit 216.Wherein, first power switch 212 is connected between external charge node VCHG and the intermediate node LX; The second power switch K2 is connected between intermediate node LX and the ground; Inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively, and the connected node between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C 1 links to each other with the supply node V1 of system; The 3rd power switch 214 is connected between intermediate node LX and the battery node VBAT, and the positive and negative electrode of battery BAT links to each other with ground with battery node VBAT respectively, and according to system's needs, battery BAT can comprise electric core and battery protecting circuit.
Described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 is controlled first power switch 212, the second power switch K2 and the 3rd power switch 214 according to the voltage of external charge node VCHG, the voltage of the supply node V1 of system and the voltage of battery node VBAT.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the output of described charge management circuit 210 (being the supply node V1 of system) links to each other with power supply circuits 220, battery BAT or external power supply give power supply circuits 220 power supplies by described charge management circuit 210, then, described power supply circuits 220 are powered to built-in system again.Described power supply circuits 220 comprise that a plurality of DC/DC transducers and a plurality of LDO(DC/DC transducer and LDO are referred to as power supply changeover device), be a plurality of system voltages with the voltage transitions with node V1.Power supply circuits 220 among Fig. 2 comprise power supply changeover device A2～AN, and described power supply changeover device A2～AN is converted to system voltage V2～VN respectively with the voltage of node V1.
Below specifically introduce the operation principle of the charge management circuit among Fig. 2 by an embodiment.
When charge node VCHG is not connected to adapter (being that the external power supply power supply does not insert or external power supply is removed), ended by described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 controls first power switch 212, the second power switch K2 and the 3rd power switch 214 alternate conduction, this moment is by the second power switch K2, the 3rd power switch 214, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2 and described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 are formed the first adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, thereby make battery node VBAT(battery BAT in other words) by this adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter to node V1 power supply (at this moment, the voltage of node V1 is less than the voltage of battery BAT), node V1 is fixed voltage output, electric pressure converter A2～AN is input with the voltage of node V1, produce output voltage V 2～VN, be system's power supply.
When charge node VCHG is connected to adapter (being that external power supply inserts), and when the power supply capacity of adapter is enough, described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 control first power switch 212 and second power switch K2 alternate conduction, namely by first power switch 212, the second power switch K2, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2 and described charging/power-supplying circuit 212 are formed the second adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, thereby make node VCHG(external power supply in other words) power (at this moment for node V1 by this adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, the voltage of node V1 is less than the voltage of node VCHG), node V1 is fixed voltage output, electric pressure converter A2～AN is input with the voltage of node V1, produce output voltage V 2～VN, be system's power supply.When charge node VCHG is connected to adapter, described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 is also by controlling 214 couples of battery BAT of the 3rd power switch control of charging, external power supply is charged to battery BAT, be specially, when 212 conductings of first power switch, when the second power switch K2 ends (at this moment, node LX is high level), 214 conductings of described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 controls the 3rd power switch make the battery BAT charging of node LX (being that external power supply is to battery BAT charging); When first power switch 212 ends, during the second power switch K2 conducting (at this moment, node LX is low level), described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 controls the 3rd switch 214 ends.
From the description of above-mentioned operation principle to the charge management circuit Fig. 2 as can be known, because the voltage of node V1 is produced by the first adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter that shares charging/power-supplying circuit 216 or the second adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, therefore node V1 is fixed voltage output, electric pressure converter A2～AN in the described power supply circuits 220 is input with the voltage of node V1, produce output voltage V 2～VN, be system's power supply.Because the efficiency losses of LDO wherein is directly proportional with the pressure drop between its input and the output, when the input voltage of the LDO of same type more high, its pressure drop is more big, thereby cause its efficiency losses also more big, therefore, in order to reduce the efficiency losses of the LDO in the described power supply circuits 220, can reduce the voltage of node V1 as far as possible.In a preferred embodiment, the voltage of described node V1 is set at the minimum operating voltage of described power supply circuits, even the minimum input voltage that electric pressure converter A2～AN can work.
In sum, charge management circuit among the present invention, when charge node VCHG is not connected to adapter, described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 controls first power switch 212 ends, the second power switch K2 and the 3rd power switch 214 alternate conduction, form the first adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter by the second power switch K2, the 3rd power switch 214, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2 and described charging/power-supplying circuit 216, battery BAT is powered to node V1 by this adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter; When charge node VCHG is connected to adapter, described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 control first power switch 212 and second power switch K2 alternate conduction, by first power switch 212, the second power switch K2, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2 and described charging/power-supplying circuit 212 are formed the second adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, thereby make external power supply be node V1 power supply by this adjusting and voltage-reduction switch DC-to-DC converter, described charging/power-supplying circuit 216 also by controlling 214 couples of battery BAT of the 3rd power switch control of charging, makes external power supply charge to battery BAT.Compare with the charge management circuit among Fig. 1, its advantage is, it is when realizing the Charge Management function, can also change transducer by buck DC to dc the voltage of battery BAT or external power supply is carried out the step-down conversion and offers power supply circuits, thereby improve system effectiveness when with battery or external power supply system being powered.
Please continue with reference to shown in Figure 2, the second power switch K2 among Fig. 2 can be nmos pass transistor MN1, first power switch 212 comprises a PMOS transistor MP1 and the first lining body selection circuit BodyS1, a described PMOS transistor MP1 comprises first link that links to each other with node VCHG, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX, lining body end BP1 and grid (it is the control end of first power switch 212), the described first lining body selects circuit BodyS1 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VCHG and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP1.The 3rd power switch 214 among Fig. 2 comprises the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 and the second lining body selection circuit BodyS2, described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 comprises that (it is for first link that links to each other with node VBAT, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX, lining body end BP2 and grid, the control end of the 3rd power switch 214) the described second lining body selects circuit BodyS2 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VBAT and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP2.
For arranging the lining body, PMOS transistor MP1 and MP2 select the reason of circuit to be, first link of PMOS transistor MP1 and MP2 and the voltage of second link height and unstable, for fear of the influence of its its switch control procedure of entozoic diode pair, need be according to the corresponding direction that changes its parasitic diode of variation of the voltage height of first link of PMOS transistor MP1 and MP2 and second link.The operation principle of PMOS transistor MP1 is, when the voltage of node VCHG is higher than the voltage of node LX, the described first lining body selection circuit BodyS1 will serve as a contrast body end BP1 and link to each other with node VCHG, thereby making in the entozoic diode of PMOS transistor MP1 always, no current passes through, at this moment, only just can realize controlling conducting or the shutoff of PMOS transistor MP1 (first power switch 212 in other words) by the grid of control PMOS transistor MP1; When the voltage of node VCHG is lower than the voltage of node LX, the described first lining body selection circuit BodyS1 will serve as a contrast body end BP1 and link to each other with node LX, thereby making in the entozoic diode of PMOS transistor MP1 always, no current passes through, at this moment, only just can realize controlling conducting or the shutoff of PMOS transistor MP1 (first power switch 212 in other words) by the grid of control PMOS transistor MP1.The operation principle of PMOS transistor MP2 is identical with the operation principle of PMOS transistor MP1, repeats no more here.
Charging/power-supplying circuit 216 among Fig. 2 comprises three inputs and three outputs.Wherein, first input end links to each other with node V1, second input links to each other with node VCHG, the 3rd input links to each other with node VBAT, the first output GP1 links to each other with the grid (i.e. the control end of first power switch 212) of PMOS transistor MP1, the second output NDRV links to each other with the control end of the second power switch K2, and the 3rd output GP2 links to each other with the grid (i.e. the control end of the 3rd power switch 214) of the second nmos pass transistor MP2.
Please refer to shown in Figure 3ly, it is the charging/power-supplying circuit circuit diagram in one embodiment among Fig. 2.Charging/power-supplying circuit among Fig. 3 comprises that power-supplying circuit 310, adapter connect decision circuit 320, charging control circuit 330 and logic and select circuit 340.Described power-supplying circuit 310 drives signal PDRV and second according to the voltage of node V1 output first and drives signal NDRV, wherein second drives signal NDRV by output NDRV link to each other with the control end of the described second power switch K2 (please refer to shown in Figure 2).Described logic is selected circuit 340 and is connected decision signal CHGH, the first driving signal PDRV, described charging control signal, the control end of first power switch and the control end of the 3rd power switch and links to each other.
When described adapter connection decision circuit 320 judges that adapters link to each other with described node VCHG, described logic selects circuit 340 to select the first driving signal PDRV is linked to each other with the grid (i.e. the control end of first power switch 212) of a described PMOS transistor MP1, selection links to each other the charging control signal OPO of described charging control circuit 330 outputs with the grid of described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2, thereby make a PMOS transistor MP1 and second power switch K2 alternate conduction under the control of described power-supplying circuit 310, this moment described power-supplying circuit, transistor MP1, K switch 2, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 forms the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device, makes described charging control circuit 330 by controlling the battery BAT of the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 control of charging.
When described adapter connection decision circuit 320 judges that the not described node VCHG of adapters links to each other, described logic selects circuit 330 to make a described PMOS transistor MP1 turn-off described adapter connection decision circuit 320 output signals (such as a high level signal), selection drives signal PDRV with first of power-supplying circuit 310 outputs and links to each other with the grid of described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2, the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 and second switch K2 alternate conduction under the control of described power-supplying circuit, described power-supplying circuit at this moment, transistor MP2, K switch 2, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device.
Described power-supplying circuit 310 can adopt various modulation technique of the prior art, such as, can adopt pulse width modulating technology, also can adopt the pulse frequency modulated technology, be that feedback voltage is controlled by the voltage with node V1, with the predefined fixed voltage threshold that equals of the voltage modulated of node V1.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, described power-supplying circuit 410 comprises feedback circuit, error amplifier EA and pulse-width modulation comparator PWM.Described feedback circuit comprises resistance R 1 and the resistance R 2 that is series between node V1 and the ground, and the tie point FB between resistance R 1 and the resistance R 2 is its output.The normal phase input end of error amplifier EA meets the first reference voltage VREF, and negative-phase input links to each other with tie point FB; The input of pulse-width modulation comparator PWM links to each other with the output of error discharger EA, its first output is exported described first and is driven signal PDRV, and second output (being output NDRV) output described second drives the control end (as shown in Figure 2) that signal NDRV gives the second power switch K2.The concrete course of work is, the voltage of described feedback circuit sampling node V1 obtains a feedback voltage FB(and is produced by resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 dividing potential drops), described error amplifier EA amplifies with output error amplifying signal EAO the difference of described feedback voltage FB and described reference voltage VREF, and described pulse-width modulation comparator PWM exports described first according to described error amplification signal EAO and drives signal PDRV and the second driving signal NDRV.Error amplifier EA in error amplifier EA and pulse-width modulation comparator PWM and the common voltage descending DC-DC converter is the same with the operation principle of pulse-width modulation comparator PWM, can adopt various existing techniques in realizing, is not described in detail herein.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, it is comparator C omp1 that described adapter connects decision circuit 320, the normal phase input end of this comparator C omp1 links to each other with node VCHG, its negative-phase input and the second reference voltage VR2(are for lithium battery system commonly used, reference voltage VR2 design can be equaled 4.5v, ceiling voltage when being higher than lithium battery and being full of electricity gets final product, and the charging cut-ff voltage of general lithium battery is 4.2v) link to each other, its output output connects decision signal CHGH.When node VCHG voltage during greater than reference voltage VR2, the CHGH signal is high level, and expression node VCHG links to each other with adapter; When node VCHG voltage during less than reference voltage VR2, the CHGH signal is low level, and expression node VCHG does not link to each other with adapter.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, described charging control circuit 330 comprises operational amplifier OP, the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF.Described the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively; The normal phase input end of operational amplifier OP links to each other with battery node VBAT, its negative-phase input links to each other with connected node DPS2 between the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the constant-current source IREF, its output links to each other with the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2, and the connected node OPO between the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the output of operational amplifier OP is the output of described charging control circuit 430.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, described logic selects circuit 340 to comprise or door OR1, inverter INV3, K switch 3 and K switch 4.Or the first input end of door OR1 links to each other with the first output PDRV of pulse-width modulation comparator PWM, second input and inverter INV3 output link to each other, the input of inverter INV3 links to each other with the output of comparator C omp1; K switch 4 and K switch 3 be connected in successively or the output OPO of the door first input end of OR1 and charging control circuit 340 between, the control end of K switch 4 links to each other with the output of inverter INV3, the control end of K switch 3 links to each other with the input of inverter INV3, and the connected node between K switch 3 and the K switch 4 links to each other (as shown in Figure 2) with the grid of the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 as output GP2.
Below specifically introduce the operation principle of the charging/power-supplying circuit among Fig. 3.
When node VCHG voltage during less than reference voltage VR2, the connection decision signal CHGH signal that described adapter connects decision circuit 320 outputs is low level (the expression adapter does not link to each other with node VCHG), signal CHGL through inverter INV3 output is high level, or the door OR1 connection decision signal CHGH signal of selecting to be output as high level gives the grid of a PMOS transistor MP1, and a PMOS transistor MP1 is ended; The CHGH signal is low level, its control switch K3 ends, the CHGL signal is high level, its control switch K4 conducting, output GP2 selects output first to drive the grid that signal PDRV gives described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2, thereby makes the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 and second power switch K2 alternate conduction under the control of described power-supplying circuit 310.
When node VCHG voltage during greater than reference voltage VR2, the connection decision signal CHGH signal that described adapter connects decision circuit 320 outputs is high level (the expression adapter links to each other with node VCHG), signal CHGL through inverter INV3 output is low level, or door OR1 selects output first to drive the grid that signal PDRV gives a described PMOS transistor MP1; The CHGH signal is high level, its control switch K3 conducting, and the CHGL signal is low level, and its control switch K4 ends, and output GP2 selects output charging control signal OPO to give the grid of described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2.Thereby make the grid (i.e. the control end of three power switch 214) of described charging control circuit 330 by control PMOS transistor MP2 to the battery BAT control of charging; Make a PMOS transistor MP1 and second power switch K2 alternate conduction under the control of described power-supplying circuit 310, the feedback loop that formation is accurately controlled node V1 voltage, the voltage adjustment of node V1 is equaled VREF.(R1+R2)/R2, the resistance of supposing resistance R 1 is 2 times of resistance of resistance R 2, reference voltage VREF equals 0.7V, like this, the target voltage of node V1 is 0.7v. (R1+R2)/R2=2.1v).
Below introduce among Fig. 3 charging control circuit by control the battery BAT of the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 charge control the concrete course of work.When the voltage of node LX is that high level (is PMOS transistor MP1 conducting, the second power switch K2 ends) time, PMOS transistor MP2 constitutes current mirror circuit among PMOS transistor MPS2 among Fig. 3 and Fig. 2, reason is, the grid of PMOS transistor MPS2 equals the grid voltage of PMOS transistor MP2 after by K switch 3 conductings, when node LX voltage is high level, the lining body of MP2 is switched to node LX among Fig. 2, operational amplifier OP and PMOS transistor MPS2 and MP2 and reference current IREF constitute feedback loop, the voltage adjustment of node DPS2 is equaled node VBAT voltage, the grid voltage of PMOS transistor MP2 among PMOS transistor MPS2 among Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 like this, source voltage, the lining bulk voltage, drain voltage all equates, so the electric current of PMOS transistor MP2 and the ratio of the electric current of PMOS transistor MPS2 equal the ratio of both breadth length ratios.For example, the ratio with the breadth length ratio of PMOS transistor MP2 and MPS2 is designed to K:1; Then the ratio of the electric current of PMOS transistor MP2 and MPS2 equals K:1.Because the electric current of PMOS transistor MPS2 equals IREF, so the electric current of PMOS transistor MP2 equals K.IREF, wherein IREF is the current value of constant-current source IREF among Fig. 3.When node LX was low level (being that PMOS transistor MP1 is by leading to the second power switch K2 conducting), described node OPO input high level ended PMOS transistor MP2.That is to say that when the voltage of intermediate node LX was high level, described charging control circuit 330 was by control PMOS transistor MP2 conducting, so that battery BAT is charged; When the voltage of intermediate node LX was low level, described charging control circuit 330 control PMOS transistor MP2 ended.
Please refer to shown in Figure 4ly, it is among the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the switching waveform when node VCHG is connected to adapter and current waveform figure.
LX among Fig. 4 is the voltage oscillogram of node LX node, it is approximately square wave, and (conducting resistance of supposing PMOS transistor MP1 among Fig. 2 and the second power switch K2 is very little, approximate ignoring falls in the conducting voltage on it), the LX waveform is that high level equals VCHG voltage, the square wave that low level equals 0, according to the principle of DC-to-DC converter, the duty ratio of this square wave equals V1/VCHG during stable state.GP1 is driving signal (being that first of described power-supplying circuit output the drives signal PDRV) oscillogram that the grid of a PMOS transistor MP1 receives, and it is square-wave signal.Ich is the charging current oscillogram by the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2, and it is square-wave signal.As can be seen from Figure 4, when GP1 is low level, LX is that high level is (namely when GP1 is low level, PMOS transistor MP1 conducting, the second power switch K2 ends), at this moment, Ich equals K.IREF, and namely the battery BAT of described charging control circuit 330 control PMOS transistor MP2 carries out constant current charge; When GP1 was high level, LX was low level (namely when GP1 was high level, PMOS transistor MP1 ended, the second power switch K2 conducting), and at this moment, Ich is 0, and namely described charging control circuit 330 control PMOS transistor MP2 end).As can be seen, the charging current of PMOS transistor MP2 is the pulse charging electric current, namely has only when LX is high level, and charging control circuit 330 is just worked, and just battery BAT is charged.
Please refer to shown in Figure 5ly, it is the charging/power-supplying circuit circuit diagram in another embodiment among Fig. 2.The difference of itself and Fig. 3 is, charging/power-supplying circuit among Fig. 5 also comprises charge-current regulation module 340, when node VCHG links to each other with adapter, if the electric current of node VCHG output is less than setting maximum current, described charge-current regulation module 340 is not worked, if the electric current of node VCHG output is when setting maximum current, described charge-current regulation module 340 work to reduce the to flow through charging current of PMOS transistor MP2, the power supply of preferentially assurance system.Charge-current regulation module 340 among Fig. 5 comprises current sampling circuit ISEN and amplifier GM.Described current sample module I ESN is used for the electric current (electric current on the PMOS transistor MP1 that also can sample) of sampling node VCHG output.Described amplifier GM is used for relatively sample rate current IS and preestablishes current threshold ILIM (corresponding maximum current) and compare, at described sample rate current IS when preestablishing current threshold ILIM, generate the proportional electric current of difference with described sample rate current and described setting current threshold ILIM, and with its input connected node DPS2, reducing the electric current of PMOS transistor MPS2, thus the charging current of the PMOS transistor MP2 that reduces to flow through.Can realize when system's power consumption excessively like this, reach on the output current of node VCHG in limited time, reduce charging current, the electric current demand of preferentially assurance system power supply.Current sample current IS EN can adopt various implementation of the prior art, in order to simplify description, omits its detailed description herein.
Fig. 6 is the charge management circuit schematic diagram in another embodiment among the present invention.Compare with Fig. 2, substituted the second power switch K2 among Fig. 2 with diode D2 among Fig. 6, thereby realized asynchronous rectified effect.As shown in Figure 6, the plus earth of this diode, negative electrode links to each other with intermediate node LX, and at this moment, described charging/power-supplying circuit is not controlled described diode.When adapter links to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled 212 conductings of described first power switch or is ended, if described first power switch 212 conductings, then described diode reverse is ended, if described first power switch 212 ends then described diode forward conducting; When adapter links to each other with not described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled 214 conductings of described the 3rd power switch or is ended, if described the 3rd power switch 214 conductings, then described diode reverse is ended, if described the 3rd power switch 214 ends then described diode forward conducting.
Compare with Fig. 2, some decline of its operating efficiency, but implementation structure is simple.Accordingly, the implementation among corresponding Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 also can be used to the charging/power-supplying circuit among Fig. 6, can ignore second and drive signal NDRV.
In the present invention, " connection ", link to each other, word that expressions such as " company ", " connecing " are electrical connected, if no special instructions, then represent direct or indirect electric connection.
It is pointed out that and be familiar with the scope that any change that the person skilled in art does the specific embodiment of the present invention does not all break away from claims of the present invention.Correspondingly, the scope of claim of the present invention also is not limited only to previous embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a charge management circuit is characterized in that, it comprises first power switch, second power switch and the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1, capacitor C 1 and charging/power-supplying circuit,
Described first power switch is connected between external charge node VCHG and the intermediate node LX; Second power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the ground; The 3rd power switch is connected between intermediate node LX and the battery node VBAT; Inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively, and the connected node between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C 1 links to each other with the supply node V1 of system; The positive and negative electrode of battery BAT links to each other with ground with battery node VBAT respectively,
When adapter linked to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described first power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controlled the 3rd power switch simultaneously so that battery BAT is charged; When adapter did not link to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled described the 3rd power switch and the second power switch alternate conduction, controls first power switch simultaneously and ends.
2. charge management circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
When adapter linked to each other with described external charge node VCHG, if described intermediate node LX is high level, described charging/power-supplying circuit was controlled the 3rd power switch so that battery BAT is charged; If intermediate node LX is low level, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled the 3rd power switch and is ended.
3. charge management circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described charging/power-supplying circuit comprises that power-supplying circuit, adapter connect decision circuit and charging control circuit,
Described power-supplying circuit drives signal and the second driving signal according to the voltage output first of node V1, and wherein the second driving signal links to each other with the control end of second power switch;
Described adapter connects decision circuit and judges according to the voltage of node VCHG whether adapter links to each other with node VCHG, and output connects decision signal CHGH;
Described charging control circuit output charging control signal;
When described adapter connection decision circuit judges that adapter links to each other with described node VCHG, first of described power-supplying circuit drives signal and links to each other with the control end of described first power switch, charging control signal links to each other with the control end of the 3rd power switch, described charging control circuit is by controlling the 3rd power switch to the battery control of charging, drive signal and second by first and drive described first power switch of signal controlling and the second power switch alternate conduction, this moment described power-supplying circuit, first power switch, second power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VCHG;
When described adapter connection decision circuit judges that adapter does not link to each other with described node VCHG, first of described power-supplying circuit drives signal and links to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch, controlling first power switch simultaneously turn-offs, drive signal and second by first and drive described the 3rd power switch of signal controlling and the second power switch alternate conduction, described power-supplying circuit, second power switch, the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device at this moment, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VBAT.
4. charge management circuit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described charging/power-supplying circuit also comprises logic selection circuit, described logic is selected circuit and is connected decision signal CHGH, the first driving signal PDRV, described charging control signal, the control end of first power switch and the control end of the 3rd power switch and links to each other
When adapter links to each other with described node VCHG, described logic selects circuit to select the first driving signal PDRV is linked to each other with the control end of described first power switch, selects the charging signals of described charging control circuit output is linked to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch;
When adapter did not link to each other with described node VCHG, described logic selected circuit output signal to control described first power switch shutoff, selected to drive signal PDRV with first and linked to each other with the control end of described the 3rd power switch.
5. charge management circuit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described charging/power-supplying circuit also comprises the charge-current regulation module, when the electric current of node VCHG output during less than the available maximum current of adapter, described charge-current regulation module is not worked, when node VCHG output electric current greater than the available maximum current of adapter, described charge-current regulation module reduce the to flow through charging current of PMOS transistor MP2, the power supply of preferentially assurance system.
6. charge management circuit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described charging control circuit comprises operational amplifier OP, the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF, and described the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and constant-current source IREF are connected between intermediate node LX and the ground successively; The normal phase input end of operational amplifier OP links to each other with battery node VBAT, its negative-phase input links to each other with connected node DPS2 between the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the constant-current source IREF, its output links to each other with the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2, and the connected node OPO between the grid of the 3rd PMOS transistor MPS2 and the output of operational amplifier OP is the output of described charging control circuit.
7. charge management circuit according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the charge-current regulation module comprises current sampling circuit ISEN and amplifier GM, and the electric current that described current sampling circuit IESN is used for sampling node VCHG output obtains sample rate current;
Described amplifier GM is used for more described sample rate current and compares with the setting current threshold, at described sample rate current when setting current threshold, generate the proportional electric current of difference with described sample rate current and described setting current threshold, and it is imported described connected node DPS2.
8. charge management circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first power switch comprises a PMOS transistor MP1 and the first lining body selection circuit BodyS1, a described PMOS transistor MP1 comprises first link that links to each other with node VCHG, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX and lining body end BP1, the described first lining body selects circuit BodyS1 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VCHG and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP1;
Described the 3rd power switch comprises the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 and the second lining body selection circuit BodyS2, described the 2nd PMOS transistor MP2 comprises first link that links to each other with node VBAT, second link that links to each other with intermediate node LX and lining body end BP2, the described second lining body selects circuit BodyS2 to be used for the voltage height of comparison node VBAT and intermediate node LX, and selects the higher node of voltage to link to each other with described lining body end BP2.
9. according to the arbitrary described charge management circuit of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that described second power switch replaces with diode, the plus earth of described diode, negative electrode links to each other with described intermediate node LX, and described charging/power-supplying circuit is not controlled described diode
When adapter links to each other with described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled the described first power switch conducting or is ended, if the described first power switch conducting, then described diode reverse is ended, if described first power switch ends, then described diode forward conducting, described power-supplying circuit, first power switch, diode, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device at this moment, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VCHG;
When adapter links to each other with not described external charge node VCHG, described charging/power-supplying circuit is controlled described the 3rd power switch conducting or is ended, if described the 3rd power switch conducting, then described diode reverse is ended, if described the 3rd power switch ends, then described diode forward conducting, described power-supplying circuit, diode, the 3rd power switch, inductance L 1 and capacitor C 1 form the voltage-dropping type power supply changeover device at this moment, are the voltage of described node V1 with the voltage step-down with node VBAT.
10. a charging management system is characterized in that, it comprises power supply circuits and the arbitrary described charge management circuit of claim 1-9,
Described power supply circuits comprise a plurality of DC/DC transducers and a plurality of LDO, and the voltage transitions that they are used for node V1 is corresponding system voltage,
The voltage of wherein said node V1 equals the minimum operating voltage of described power supply circuits.
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