CN106288481A - A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube - Google Patents
A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN106288481A CN106288481A CN201610841718.2A CN201610841718A CN106288481A CN 106288481 A CN106288481 A CN 106288481A CN 201610841718 A CN201610841718 A CN 201610841718A CN 106288481 A CN106288481 A CN 106288481A
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- Prior art keywords
- regenerator
- transfer tube
- heat exchanger
- compressor
- temperature
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube, including the back-heating type compressor being sequentially connected with, transfer tube, precool heat exchanger device, low-temperature zone regenerator, regenerator cool end heat exchanger, connecting tube, vascular cold end heat exchanger, vascular and phase modulating mechanism, also include: cryogenic refrigeration module, for providing pre-cold to described precool heat exchanger device；Adiabatic zone, for completely cutting off described precool heat exchanger device with ambient temperature；Present invention transfer tube replaces high temperature section regenerator to connect the back-heating type compressor of indoor temperature end and the precool heat exchanger device of low-temperature end, reduces regenerator conductive heat loss, gas-solid heat exchange loss harmony merit loss, improves the efficiency of Cryo Refrigerator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cryo Refrigerator technical field, connected compressor and regenerator particularly to one by transfer tube
Cryo Refrigerator.
Background technology
Owing to cryogenic temperature, reliability, weight and the life-span etc. of low temperature environment are required increasingly by military affairs, space exploration etc.
Height, developing efficient, the compact Cryo Refrigerator of below 20K warm area has become the study hotspot of space low-temperature refrigeration technology.Arteries and veins
Control cold cold end movement-less part, has the advantages such as compact conformation vibration simple, low, low abrasion, long-life, meets many special
The different occasion requirement to cryogenic refrigeration reliability.
Two-stage or multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine can reach the lowest cryogenic temperature demand with satisfied application, current inter-stage coupling
Conjunction mode mainly has gas coupling and thermal coupling two kinds, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The scheme using other low-temperature receivers to cool down also early has application, its
Principle is similar to thermal coupling, i.e. in the middle part of the regenerator of low-temperature level by Intermediate Heat Exchanger by high-temperature level pre-cooling, reduce low-temperature level
Intermediate Heat Exchanger following regenerator unit mass enthalpy stream, thus improve net refrigerating capacity, reduce zero load cryogenic temperature.For basis
Studying, thermal coupling structure is disturbed less due to inter-stage, is prone to analyze and enjoy favor, and in recent years, the application of thermal coupling structure more comes
The most.
Regenerator is the core component of philip refrigerator, and certain heat, by consumption sound merit, is pumped by it from cold end
To hot junction.According to the function of regenerator, it is divided into pre-cooling regenerator and work regenerator.Pre-cooling regenerator aims at, and is meeting
On the premise of pre-cold, as much as possible to cold end conveying sound merit, reduction sound merit is lost；The regenerator that works then must will increase sound
Merit and reduction enthalpy stream, the equilibrium of conductive heat loss two aspect consider.Low-temperature level regenerator damages to reduce conductive heat loss and gas-solid heat exchange
Lose, need longer regenerator, but regenerator length increase then flow resistance increases, cause the sound merit loss of pre-cooling regenerator to increase,
The sound merit arriving work regenerator reduces so that it is phase modulation difficulty and refrigerating capacity reduce.
The sound merit (PV merit) of refrigeration machine is generally produced input system by Linearkompressor in room temperature, and the heat of refrigeration machine is usual
It is transferred to room temperature by regenerator and discharges system.For preferable kind of refrigeration cycle (inverse Carnot cycle), coefficient of refrigerating performanceOnly with high temperature heat source THWith low-temperature heat source TCTemperature relevant, high temperature heat source temperature
Spend the lowest, COPCarnotThe highest.Space application refrigeration machine is in the cosmic microwave radiation background of about 3K, it is possible to achieve low temperature is arranged
Heat, and the at present research of low temperature heat extraction refrigeration machine and apply considerably less.
In a blank pipe, the pressure wave of Oscillating flow working medium and the phase contrast of quality stream are long with blank pipe because of the inertia effect
Degree changes, and because blank pipe resistance is little, loss sound merit hardly.Therefore the transfer tube being of convenient length, adjustable compressor outlet
Phase angle so that it is quality stream phase-lead is in pressure wave phase, thus reaches to drive the purpose of vascular refrigerator.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube, can reduce regenerator
Conductive heat loss, gas-solid heat exchange loss harmony merit loss, thus improve the refrigerating efficiency of Cryo Refrigerator.
A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube, including the back-heating type compression being sequentially connected with
Device, transfer tube, precool heat exchanger device, low-temperature zone regenerator, regenerator cool end heat exchanger, connecting tube, vascular cold end heat exchanger, arteries and veins
Pipe and phase modulating mechanism, it is characterised in that also include:
Cryogenic refrigeration module, for providing pre-cold to described precool heat exchanger device；
Adiabatic zone, for completely cutting off described precool heat exchanger device with ambient temperature.
During use, described transfer tube forms temperature between the precool heat exchanger device under the back-heating type compressor and low temperature of indoor temperature end
Degree gradient, transmission sound merit.
Back-heating type compressor is at room temperature run by the present invention, and regenerator hot junction is placed under low temperature, by precool heat exchanger device
Connecting other cryogenic refrigeration module pre-coolings, transfer tube replaces high temperature section regenerator, connects under compressor and the low temperature of indoor temperature end
Low-temperature zone regenerator hot junction, thus can reduce low-temperature zone regenerator conductive heat loss, gas-solid heat exchange loss harmony merit loss, thus
Improve the refrigerating efficiency of Cryo Refrigerator.
Cryogenic refrigeration module can use various ways, installs for convenience and manufactures, it is preferred that described cryogenic refrigeration mould
Block is liquid low temperature working medium or the cold end of refrigeration machine.
In space is applied, universe low-temp radiating background can provide sufficient cold.Consider that it is at aspects such as space application
Development prospect, it is preferred that described cryogenic refrigeration module is universe low-temp radiating device.
Preferably, the precooling temperature of described cryogenic refrigeration module is liquid nitrogen temperature, being simple to manufacture of liquid nitrogen, and cost is low, easily
In acquisition, can be that cryogenic refrigeration module provides sufficient cold.This warm area is also the temperature range of single stage work.
In general, regenerator cold end quality stream lags behind pressure wave 30 ° (30 °), and regenerator hot junction quality stream is led over
Pressure wave 30 ° (-30 °), when i.e. in the middle part of regenerator, the phase contrast of quality stream and pressure wave is 0 °, the effectiveness of regenerator of regenerator is
High.Through the design to described transfer tube length Yu sectional area, utilize acoustic effect in transfer tube, change transmission intraductal working medium matter
Amount stream and the phase relation of pressure wave, can obtain the optimum angle of-30 ° at the i.e. low-temperature zone regenerator entrance of transfer tube outlet.Right
Need in different phase changes, transfer tube length and diameter are had different selections.In order to reduce transfer tube loss, preferably
Sectional area is 2 ρ c | U1|/|p1|, wherein, ρ is gas density in pipe, is approximately certain value, and c is the sound wave velocity of sound, U1For volume flow
Amount, p1For overpressure；Preferably length is in the range of λ/4～λ/2, and wherein λ is wave length of sound in pipe.Described transfer tube exists
While optimizing the phase relation of working medium quality stream and pressure wave, compressor is exported sound merit and is transferred to regenerator hot junction, drive
Dynamic Cryo Refrigerator work, promotes Cryo Refrigerator refrigeration performance.
The Cryo Refrigerator of the present invention, by the phase place between power pressure ripple and the quality stream of design transfer tube regulation
Difference, reaches the optimum angle of-30 °, the effectiveness of regenerator of raising low-temperature zone regenerator, thus the low temperature system of lifting in regenerator porch
Cold refrigeration performance.
Described phase modulating mechanism is inertia tube and air reservoir or bidirection air intake valve group etc., it is preferred that the hot junction of described vascular, described
Phase modulating mechanism is connected with described precool heat exchanger device.Low temperature phase modulation strengthens phase modulation function, obtains more preferable phase place and divide in making refrigeration machine
Cloth, improves the performance of refrigeration machine.
The Cryo Refrigerator of the present invention is vascular refrigerator, it is preferred that described back-heating type compressor is G-M type compression dress
Put or stirling-type compressor.Vascular refrigerator cold head movement-less part and compact conformation, have stability advantages of higher.
Preferably, described Cryo Refrigerator is multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, and multilevel hierarchy is thermal coupling structure or gas coupling
Structure.Progression can be two-stage, three grades, level Four etc., to reach lower cryogenic temperature.
Described back-heating type compressor is in room temperature environment, and described precool heat exchanger device is in low temperature environment, described transfer tube
Connect back-heating type compressor and the precool heat exchanger device under low temperature environment of room temperature environment.
Refrigeration machine more compact structure is made, it is preferred that described connecting tube is U-tube in order to improve.
For a refrigeration system, input work W, at low-temperature heat source TCProduce refrigerating capacity, i.e. absorb heatAt high temperature heat source TH
Discharge heatIts Carnot's cycle efficiency
Only relevant with the temperature of high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source.When reaching certain cryogenic temperature, high temperature heat source temperature
THThe lowest, then its Carnot efficiency is the highest.
If in medium temperature TM(TC＜ TM＜ TH) increase heat radiationFixed according to the first law of thermodynamics and thermodynamics second
Rule, the efficiency of Reversible Cycle:
More than COPCarnotIf increasing in multiple medium temperatures Ti(TC＜ Ti＜ TH, i=1,2,3 ...) discharge heat Qi, then
The efficiency of this system Reversible Cycle increases with the increase of medium temperature.
Therefore, the Cryo Refrigerator heat of the present invention is discharged at low temperatures, and the theoretical efficiency of refrigeration machine can be promoted.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
The Cryo Refrigerator of the present invention, replaces high temperature section regenerator to connect the back-heating type compressor of indoor temperature end with transfer tube
With the precool heat exchanger device of low-temperature end, reduce regenerator conductive heat loss, gas-solid heat exchange loss harmony merit loss, improve Cryo Refrigerator
Efficiency.
The Cryo Refrigerator of the present invention, heat is got rid of at low temperatures, improves the theoretical efficiency of refrigeration machine, and it is more suitable for
Space is applied.
The Cryo Refrigerator of the present invention, with a blank pipe make transfer tube replace high temperature section regenerator, refrigeration machine simple in construction,
And processing cost reduces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tradition gas coupled mode vascular refrigerator level.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of conventional thermal coupled mode vascular refrigerator level.
Fig. 3 is refrigerator system Carnot cycle wire figure.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the transfer tube of the present invention connects the refrigeration machine of compressor and regenerator.
Wherein:
1, back-heating type compressor, 2, transfer tube, 3, level cooler, 4, phase modulating mechanism, 5, high temperature section regenerator, 6, vascular,
7, vascular cold end heat exchanger, 8, U-shaped connecting tube, 9, regenerator cool end heat exchanger, 10, low-temperature zone regenerator, 11, pre-cooling level U-shaped
Connecting tube, 12, precool heat exchanger device, 13, pre-cooling level vascular, 14, pre-cooling level vascular hot-side heat exchanger, 15, pre-cooling level phase modulating mechanism,
16, pre-cooling level regenerator, 17, pre-cooling level level cooler, 18, vacuum insulation system.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown on figure 3, the Cryo Refrigerator of the present embodiment includes back-heating type compressor 1, transfer tube 2, precool heat exchanger device
12, low-temperature zone regenerator 10, regenerator cool end heat exchanger 9, U-shaped connecting tube 8, vascular cold end heat exchanger 7, vascular 6 and phase modifier
Structure 4 is sequentially connected with；The hot junction of vascular 6 is connected with precool heat exchanger device 12 with phase modulating mechanism 4.
The pre-cold of precool heat exchanger device 12 is provided by liquid low temperature working medium or refrigeration machine, and pre-cold can also be low by universe
Temperature radiation background provide, make low-temperature zone regenerator 10, the hot junction of vascular 6 and phase modulating mechanism 4 be in precooling temperature (below 120K,
If using Liquid nitrogen precooler, it is 77K) under, whole Cryo Refrigerator freezes at low temperatures, reaches profound hypothermia.
Transfer tube 2 is an elongated hollow circular-tube, and transfer tube 2 carries out the design of length and sectional area, design size
As follows:
Sectional area is 2 ρ c | U1|/|p1|, wherein, ρ is gas density in pipe, is approximately each definite value, and c is the sound wave velocity of sound,
U1For volume flow, p1For overpressure；Length is in the range of λ/3, and wherein λ is wave length of sound in pipe.
The low-temperature zone that transfer tube 2 connects under the back-heating type compressor 1 of indoor temperature end, precool heat exchanger device 12 and precooling temperature is returned
Hot device 10, automatically forms thermograde in the axial direction.Starting the back-heating type compressor 1 of indoor temperature end, transfer tube 2 will produce under room temperature
Sound merit be transferred directly to the most without loss under low temperature, drive Cryo Refrigerator work.
For a refrigeration system, as it is shown on figure 3, input work W, at low-temperature heat source TCProduce refrigerating capacity, i.e. absorb heat?
High temperature heat source THDischarge heatIts Carnot's cycle efficiency
Only relevant with the temperature of high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source.When reaching certain cryogenic temperature, high temperature heat source temperature
THThe lowest, then its Carnot efficiency is the highest.
If in medium temperature TM(TC＜ TM＜ TH) increase heat radiationFixed according to the first law of thermodynamics and thermodynamics second
Rule, the efficiency of Reversible Cycle:
More than COPCarnotIf increasing in multiple medium temperatures Ti(TC＜ Ti＜ TH, i=1,2,3 ...) discharge heat Qi, then
The efficiency of this system Reversible Cycle increases with the increase of medium temperature.
Therefore, the Cryo Refrigerator heat of the present embodiment is discharged at low temperatures, and the theoretical efficiency of refrigeration machine can be promoted.
Utilize philip refrigerator software for calculation Sage that the present embodiment Cryo Refrigerator as shown in Figure 4 is set up model to enter
Row checking calculates, and sets up model according to two-stage stirling-type vascular refrigerator as shown in Figure 2 and carry out numerical simulation as right
Ratio, show and provides pre-cooling at 80K, 22K provides in the case of refrigerating capacity, input PV merit that Cryo Refrigerator needs, the system obtained
Cold and coefficient of performance are as shown in table 1.Can be obtained by table 1, the cryogenic refrigeration engine efficiency of the present embodiment is improved significantly.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. connected a Cryo Refrigerator for compressor and regenerator by transfer tube, including the back-heating type compression dress being sequentially connected with
Put, transfer tube, precool heat exchanger device, low-temperature zone regenerator, regenerator cool end heat exchanger, connecting tube, vascular cold end heat exchanger, vascular
And phase modulating mechanism, it is characterised in that also include:
Cryogenic refrigeration module, for providing pre-cold to described precool heat exchanger device；
Adiabatic zone, for completely cutting off described precool heat exchanger device with ambient temperature.
2. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
Stating cryogenic refrigeration module is liquid low temperature working medium or the cold end of refrigeration machine.
3. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
Stating cryogenic refrigeration module is universe low-temp radiating device.
4. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
The precooling temperature stating cryogenic refrigeration module is liquid nitrogen temperature.
5. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
State the hot junction of vascular, described phase modulating mechanism is connected with described precool heat exchanger device.
6. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
Stating back-heating type compressor is G-M type compressor or stirling-type compressor.
7. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
Stating Cryo Refrigerator is multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine, and multilevel hierarchy is thermal coupling structure or gas coupled structure.
8. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
State adiabatic zone and use vacuum insulation system, cover described transfer tube and connect precool heat exchanger device part, precool heat exchanger device, low-temperature zone
Regenerator, regenerator cool end heat exchanger, connecting tube, vascular cold end heat exchanger, vascular and phase modulating mechanism.
9. connected the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that institute
Stating connecting tube is U-tube.
10. the Cryo Refrigerator of compressor and regenerator is connected as claimed in claim 1 by transfer tube, it is characterised in that
The sectional area of described transfer tube is 2 ρ c | U1 |/| p1 |, and wherein, ρ is gas density in pipe, and c is the sound wave velocity of sound, and U1 is volume flow
Amount, p1 is overpressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610841718.2A CN106288481A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610841718.2A CN106288481A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube |
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| CN201610841718.2A Pending CN106288481A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A kind of Cryo Refrigerator being connected compressor and regenerator by transfer tube |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108931067A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of pulse tube type refrigerating plant of vapor compression refrigeration system driving |
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| CN105222389A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of vascular refrigerator |
| CN206094628U (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江大学 | By cryocooler of transmission union coupling compressor arrangement with regenerator |
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2016
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030226364A1 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2003-12-11 | Swift Gregory W. | Method and apparatus for fine tuning an orifice pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN1714260A (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2005-12-28 | 普莱克斯技术有限公司 | Pulse tube refrigeration system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108931067A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of pulse tube type refrigerating plant of vapor compression refrigeration system driving |
| CN108931067B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-11-03 | 中南大学 | Pulse tube type refrigerating device driven by vapor compression refrigerating system |
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