CN105783319A - Regenerative cooler precooling low-temperature J-T cooler - Google Patents
Regenerative cooler precooling low-temperature J-T cooler Download PDFInfo
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- CN105783319A CN105783319A CN201610013612.3A CN201610013612A CN105783319A CN 105783319 A CN105783319 A CN 105783319A CN 201610013612 A CN201610013612 A CN 201610013612A CN 105783319 A CN105783319 A CN 105783319A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/02—Gas cycle refrigeration machines using the Joule-Thompson effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1421—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by details not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a regenerative cooler precooling low-temperature J-T cooler. The J-T cooler comprises a regenerative precooling unit and a J-T cooling unit. The regenerative precooling unit comprises two or more regenerators which are connected in sequence. The connecting part of at least one set of two adjacent regenerators is provided with a flow-hindering acoustic power transferring component, the two adjacent regenerators are isolated through the flow-hindering acoustic power transferring component, the effect that all the regenerators work at the optimal inflation pressure correspondingly is ensured, and acoustic power of the adjacent regenerators can be transferred. The cooling performance of the multi-stage regenerative cooler precooling J-T cooling cycle provided with the flow-hindering acoustic power transferring component is higher than that of existing single regenerative cooler precooling J-T cooling cycle, the reliability is higher, the service life is longer, and the advantages such as compact structure are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of refrigeration system, be specifically related to a kind of efficiently philip refrigerator pre-
Cold low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator.
Background technology
Along with the progress of science and technology, low-temperature refrigeration technology obtained quickly in nearly half a century in past
Development, and in fields such as Aero-Space, national defense and military, superconduction, medical treatment, the energy and low-temperature physicss
There is extensive and irreplaceable application.Refrigeration modes currently for space liquid helium region mainly has
Liquid helium (or superfluid helium) Dewar technology and mechanical refrigeration technology.Wherein liquid helium Dewar Refrigeration Technique profit
System is realized with the evaporation endothermic of the liquid helium being stored in high vacuum multiple layer heat insulation storage tank or superfluid helium
Cold effect, this mode can obtain more stable temperature, and space flight field of detecting in early days has extensively
General application, technology relative maturity, but it exists that volume is big, Heavy Weight, adiabatic system complicated,
Launch cost is high and service life is by shortcomings such as working medium amount of storage are limited.
Along with progress and the development of mechanical refrigeration technology, the particularly technology such as flat spring and clearance seal
Application, thoroughly solve the long-life problem that Dewar technology cannot overcome all the time so that mechanical type system
Refrigeration technique such as sterlin refrigerator and vascular refrigerator is fast-developing at space industry and account for over nearly 20 years
There is suitable share.And at below 15K warm area, helium substantial deviation ideal gas character, regenerative material
Degradation reason of drastically descending volumetric specific heat capacity causes the sterlin refrigerator and this used in a large number in space
Special crop type vascular refrigerator is relatively low at liquid helium region refrigerating efficiency.It is frequently desirable to press in real space application
Contracting machine unit can be easy to the dissipation of heat as far as possible near heat-sink unit, far as possible from cooled
Detector assembly is to reduce heat dissipation, mechanical vibration and the electromagnetic interference that compressor brings.And back-heating type
The cold end of Cryo Refrigerator and hot junction are apart from closer, it is difficult to realize compressor and cold head splits wants
Ask, thus limit its application in space tasks.
Joule-Thompson refrigeration machine (Joule-Thomson Cooler, hereinafter referred to as J-T throttling refrigeration
Machine) when utilizing temperature to be less than 15K, the non-ideal characteristic of helium this feature notable is brought
Joule-Thomson throttle effect obtains refrigeration effect, and efficiency is higher.And J-T j-t refrigerator
Working medium direct current flows, and cold end can carry out what the features such as free design were brought according to the structure of required cooling
Series of advantages makes J-T j-t refrigerator become the main flow of space liquid helium region task.
Space liquid helium region mechanical refrigeration technology is concentrated mainly on Japan's cosmic exploration Development institution
(Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA), NASA (National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA) and European Space Agency (European
Space Agency, ESA) etc. mechanism, these mechanisms are launching the boat maybe will launched the most
In it detector, the low temperature space project using liquid helium region mechanical refrigeration technology is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 uses the low temperature space task of liquid helium region mechanical refrigeration technology
As can be seen from Table 1, the most existing liquid being applied to space of above-mentioned research institution
The mechanical refrigeration machine of helium warm area is mostly the J-T j-t refrigerator of pre-cold mould, and mainly uses backheat
Formula refrigeration machine pre-cooling, as the liquid helium region J-T in SMILES, Asrto-H and SPICA project saves
Stream kind of refrigeration cycle all uses two-stage sterlin refrigerator pre-cooling, in the bidding process of ACTDP project
Occur in that employing level Four high-frequency vascular refrigerator, three grades of sterlin refrigerators and three grades of high-frequency vasculars especially
Three kinds of different Pre-cooling Modes of refrigeration machine, but pre-cooling J-T throttling refrigeration technology is equal at low temperature warm area
There is the technical problem that this cold efficiency is the highest.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of a kind of efficient philip refrigerator pre-cooling, should
Refrigeration system refrigeration performance is high, and is provided simultaneously with compact conformation, life-span length and high reliability.
A kind of low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling, including backheat pre-cooling unit and
J-T throttling refrigeration unit, described backheat pre-cooling unit is the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
Multistage philip refrigerator, backheat pre-cooling unit and J-T throttling refrigeration unit carry out hot coupling by heat bridge
Close and connect.
As preferably, described backheat pre-cooling unit includes the two or more backheats being sequentially connected
Device, at least the connecting portion of one group of adjacent two regenerator is provided with the sound merit transport part intercepting flowing
Part, the sound merit transmission part of this obstruct flowing is by independent for two adjacent regenerators, it is ensured that each
Regenerator is operated under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and can the sound merit of adjacent regenerator be transmitted.
With the multistage philip refrigerator of the sound merit transmission part that flowing intercepts, at different operating warm area
The junction of sub-regenerator be disposed with the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing, by multistage regenerative refrigerating
Some sub-regenerators of machine mutually completely cut off, without the exchange of quality, and according to the work of each sub-regenerator
Warm area, utilizes experiment test or numerical simulation, uses existing method, determine corresponding
Excellent the blowing pressure, simultaneously because these parts have elasticity can realize being close to of the sound merit from compressor
Lossless high efficiency of transmission so that the sub-regenerator of this multistage philip refrigerator is in any one humidity province
Between be all operated in the operating mode of optimum, so that while whole regenerator is operated in bigger temperature range
There is higher efficiency, and structure is compacter, therefore, with the sound merit transport part intercepted with flowing
The refrigeration performance of the liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation of the multistage philip refrigerator pre-cooling of part also can
The liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration circulation of philip refrigerator pre-cooling is commonly used more preferably than existing employing, with
Time also possess otherwise advantage.
As preferably, described multistage philip refrigerator is multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine.
As preferably, described multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine is two stage pulse tube refrigerator, described obstruct flowing
Sound merit transmission part is arranged between the cold end of first order regenerator and regenerator hot junction, the second level.
As preferably, described J-T refrigeration unit includes the J-T pressure being sequentially connected according to refrigerant flow direction
Contracting machine, first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger device, second level recuperative heat exchanger,
Heat exchanger, choke valve and vaporizer before second level precool heat exchanger device, throttling；According to refrigerant flow direction,
The outlet of J-T compressor passes sequentially through first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger device, the
Before two grades of recuperative heat exchangers, second level precool heat exchanger devices and throttling heat exchanger high temperature side pipeline and
Choke valve connects with evaporator inlet, and evaporator outlet passes sequentially through the front heat exchanger of throttling, the second level is returned
Hot type heat exchanger connects with J-T suction port of compressor with the low temperature side pipeline of first order recuperative heat exchanger.
In described two stage pulse tube refrigerator, first order cool end heat exchanger is (by first order heat bridge to the first order
Cold-producing medium in precool heat exchanger device carries out pre-cooling；Second level cool end heat exchanger by second level heat bridge to the
Cold-producing medium in two grades of precool heat exchanger devices carries out pre-cooling.
For improving the refrigerating efficiency of J-T throttling refrigeration unit, improve described J-T throttling refrigeration unit
Before throttling in heat exchanger high-low pressure both sides helium water equivalent not mate the heat exchanger efficiency caused low
Situation, as preferably, before the throttling of described J-T throttling refrigeration unit, heat exchanger is optional uses bypass
The low temperature dividing wall type heat exchanger of throttling, now, further preferred as to such scheme, described J-T
Throttling refrigeration unit has on heat exchanger mesohigh lateral line before throttling one and low-pressure side pipeline connection
Bypass line, this bypass line is provided with the restricting element that can produce isenthalpic throttling effect.
For ease of arranging, as preferred technical scheme: described backheat pre-cooling unit is optional with stream
The two-stage high-frequency vascular refrigerator of the dynamic sound merit transmission part intercepted, including pre-cold compressor, regenerator
Hot end heat exchanger, first order regenerator, first order cool end heat exchanger, first order vascular, first order arteries and veins
Pipe hot end heat exchanger, first order phase modulating mechanism, the sound merit transmission part of obstruct flowing, second level backheat
Device, second level cool end heat exchanger, second level vascular, second level vascular hot-side heat exchanger, the second level are adjusted
Phase mechanism.
The connected mode of above-mentioned parts is: pre-cooling compressor outlet by pipeline successively with regenerator hot junction
Heat exchanger, first order regenerator, first order cool end heat exchanger, first order vascular, first order vascular heat
End heat exchanger connects with first order phase modulating mechanism；The end heat exchange cold with the second level successively of second level regenerator
Device, second level vascular, second level vascular hot-side heat exchanger connect with second level phase modulating mechanism；The first order
The sound merit transmission part that the cold end of regenerator is flowed by obstruct is connected with regenerator hot junction, the second level.
Described first order cool end heat exchanger passes through first order heat bridge to the system in first order precool heat exchanger device
Cryogen carries out pre-cooling；Described second level cool end heat exchanger passes through second level heat bridge to second level precool heat exchanger
Cold-producing medium in device carries out pre-cooling.
Described phase modulation parts can be selected for various structures, for improving the integrally cooling performance of refrigeration system, makees
For preferably, described first order phase modulating mechanism and second level phase modulating mechanism by an air reservoir and are located at this gas
Inertia tube composition between storehouse with corresponding vascular hot-side heat exchanger, is disposed with therewith on this air reservoir simultaneously
Corresponding charge valve.As further preferably, with the described second level while of the phase modulating mechanism of the described second level
Vascular hot-side heat exchanger is connected with first order cool end heat exchanger.By regulation parts, it is possible to realize two
Pressure current and the adjustment of quality stream phase place in level regenerator.
As preferably, described backheat pre-cooling unit includes at least one Stirling level refrigeration machine and at least one
Individual vascular level refrigeration machine, the connecting portion of described Stirling level refrigeration machine and vascular level refrigeration machine is provided with resistance
The sound merit transmission part that flow blocking is dynamic, the sound merit transmission part of this obstruct flowing by Stirling level refrigeration machine and
Vascular level refrigeration machine is independent, it is ensured that at different levels be operated under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and can be real
The sound merit transmission of existing inter-stage.
As preferably, at least one vascular level refrigeration machine includes at least two regenerator, and at least one
The connecting portion organizing two adjacent regenerators is disposed with the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing, this obstruct
The sound merit transmission part of flowing is by independent for two adjacent regenerators, it is ensured that each regenerator works
Under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and the sound merit of adjacent regenerator can be transmitted.
As preferably, described backheat pre-cooling unit is the Si Te of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
Woods/vascular compound-refrigerating machine includes pre-cold compressor, pre-cooling level sterlin refrigerator and low-temperature level vascular system
Cold.Described compressor is connected with pre-cooling level sterlin refrigerator hot junction by pipeline, described pre-cooling level
The sound merit transmission part that the cold end of sterlin refrigerator is flowed by obstruct and low-temperature level vascular refrigerator
Hot junction be connected.
As further preferably, described J-T refrigeration unit includes being sequentially connected according to refrigerant flow direction
J-T compressor, first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger device, second level back-heating type change
Heat exchanger, choke valve and vaporizer before hot device, second level precool heat exchanger device, throttling；According to cold-producing medium
Flowing to, the outlet of J-T compressor passes sequentially through first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger
Device, the high temperature side pipe of heat exchanger before second level recuperative heat exchanger, second level precool heat exchanger device and throttling
Road and choke valve connect with evaporator inlet, evaporator outlet pass sequentially through heat exchanger before throttling, the
The low temperature side pipeline of two grades of recuperative heat exchangers and first order recuperative heat exchanger and J-T suction port of compressor
Connection.Pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger in described pre-cooling level Stirling level refrigeration machine passes through first order heat bridge
Cold-producing medium in first order precool heat exchanger device is carried out pre-cooling；Described low-temperature level vascular level refrigeration machine cold
End heat exchanger carries out pre-cooling by second level heat bridge to the cold-producing medium in the precool heat exchanger device of the second level.
For improving the refrigerating efficiency of J-T throttling refrigeration unit, improve described J-T throttling refrigeration unit
Before throttling in heat exchanger high-low pressure both sides helium water equivalent not mate the heat exchanger efficiency caused low
Situation, as preferably, before the throttling of described J-T throttling refrigeration unit on heat exchanger mesohigh lateral line
Having the bypass line of and low-pressure side pipeline connection, this bypass line is provided with and can produce constant enthalpy joint
The restricting element of stream effect.
Specifically, described pre-cooling level sterlin refrigerator include cylinder, flat spring, level aftercooler,
Connecting rod, displacer, hot end seal circle, cold end seal circle, pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger；Wherein discharge
Device is connected to flat spring by connecting rod and is fixed on cylinder hot junction, and hot end seal circle and cold end seal circle divide
Be not arranged in the hot junction of displacer and cold end, level aftercooler be arranged in flat spring and displacer hot junction it
Between, pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger is arranged in the cold end of cylinder.
Described low-temperature level vascular refrigerator includes the regenerator being sequentially communicated by pipeline, cold end heat exchange
Device, vascular, vascular hot-side heat exchanger and phase modulating mechanism.
Described phase modulation parts can be selected for various structures, for improving the integrally cooling performance of refrigeration system, makees
For preferably, described phase modulating mechanism is by an air reservoir and is located at this air reservoir and corresponding vascular hot-side heat exchanger
Between inertia tube composition, be disposed with corresponding charge valve on this air reservoir simultaneously.As further
Preferably, described phase modulating mechanism simultaneously with described vascular hot-side heat exchanger and pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger phase
Even, it is possible to realize pressure current in regenerator and the adjustment of quality stream phase place.
Described pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger passes through first order heat bridge to the system in first order precool heat exchanger device
Cryogen carries out pre-cooling；Described cool end heat exchanger passes through second level heat bridge in the precool heat exchanger device of the second level
Cold-producing medium carries out pre-cooling.
It is combined for reducing described Stirling/vascular with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct further
The operating temperature of type refrigeration machine, as preferably, with described vascular hot junction heat exchange while of described phase modulating mechanism
Device is connected with pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger.
It is combined for reducing described Stirling/vascular with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct further
The operating temperature of type refrigeration machine, thus improve the efficiency of complete machine, as further preferably, described low temperature
Level vascular refrigerator uses multilevel hierarchy, at pre-cooling level sterlin refrigerator and low-temperature level vascular refrigerator
Junction and the junction of regenerators at different levels of low-temperature level vascular refrigerator at least arrange at one
There is the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in:
The philip refrigerator pre-cooling of the sound merit transmission part that the employing of the present invention intercepts with flowing
Liquid helium region J-T throttle refrigeration system, pre-cooling level philip refrigerator is working in the son of different warm area
The junction of regenerator is disposed with the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing, by multistage philip refrigerator
Some sub-regenerators mutually completely cut off, without the exchange of quality, and according to the operation temperature area of each sub-regenerator,
Utilize experiment test or numerical simulation, use existing method, determine corresponding optimum inflation
Pressure, simultaneously because these parts have elasticity can realize the intimate lossless of the sound merit from compressor
High efficiency of transmission so that the sub-regenerator of this multistage philip refrigerator is in any one temperature range all works
Make in optimum operating mode, so that whole regenerator has relatively while being operated in bigger temperature range
High efficiency, more efficiently provides pre-cooling for the circulation of refrigeration-grade J-T throttling refrigeration.Therefore, the present invention
The J-T throttling refrigeration of multistage philip refrigerator pre-cooling with the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing
The refrigeration performance of circulation also can the J-T throttling refrigeration of philip refrigerator pre-cooling more single than existing employing follow
Ring is high, and reliability is higher, and the life-span is longer, is provided simultaneously with the advantages such as compact conformation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the low temperature of the two-stage vascular refrigerator pre-cooling of the sound merit transmission part with flowing obstruct
A kind of schematic diagram of the embodiment of J-T j-t refrigerator.
Fig. 2 is the low temperature of the two-stage vascular refrigerator pre-cooling of the sound merit transmission part with flowing obstruct
The schematic diagram of the another embodiment of J-T j-t refrigerator.
Fig. 3 is the two-stage Stirling/compound refrigeration of vascular of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
A kind of schematic diagram of the embodiment of the low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of machine pre-cooling.
Fig. 4 is the two-stage Stirling/compound refrigeration of vascular of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
The schematic diagram of the another embodiment of the low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of machine pre-cooling.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of two-stage vascular refrigerator with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct is pre-
Cold low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator, including backheat pre-cooling unit PTC and J-T throttling refrigeration unit
J-TC.Wherein J-T throttling refrigeration unit includes J-T compressor C2, first order recuperative heat exchanger
JHX1, first order precool heat exchanger device PHX1, second level recuperative heat exchanger JHX2, the second level are pre-
Heat exchanger JHX3, choke valve O and vaporizer LHC before cold heat exchanger PHX2, throttling, backheat is pre-
Cold unit is the two-stage vascular refrigerator of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing, including pre-cold compression
Machine C1, regenerator hot end heat exchanger HX1, first order regenerator RG1, first order cool end heat exchanger
HX2, first order vascular PT1, first order vascular hot-side heat exchanger HX3, first order inertia tube I1,
First order air reservoir R1, first order charge valve V1, intercept the sound merit transmission part MIAT1 of flowing, the
Two grades of regenerator RG2, second level cool end heat exchanger HX4, second level vascular PT2, second level vasculars
Hot end heat exchanger HX5, second level inertia tube I2, second level air reservoir R2, second level charge valve V2,
First order heat bridge TB1 and second level heat bridge TB2.
The annexation of above-mentioned parts is:
In J-T throttling refrigeration unit: the outlet of J-T compressor C2 is returned with the first order successively by pipeline
The high temperature side pipeline of hot type heat exchanger JHX1, first order precool heat exchanger device PHX1, second level backheat
Heat exchanger before the high temperature side pipeline of formula heat exchanger JHX2, second level precool heat exchanger device PHX2 and throttling
The high temperature side pipeline of JHX3, choke valve O connect with vaporizer LHC entrance, and vaporizer LHC goes out
Mouth is by the pipeline successively low temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger JHX3, second level back-heating type heat exchange front with throttling
The low temperature side pipeline of device JHX2, the low temperature side pipeline of first order recuperative heat exchanger JHX1 and J-T
Compressor C2 entrance connects.
In backheat pre-cooling unit: pre-cold compressor C1 by pipeline successively with regenerator hot end heat exchanger
HX1, first order regenerator RG1, first order cool end heat exchanger HX2, first order vascular PT1,
One-level vascular hot-side heat exchanger HX3, first order inertia tube I1, first order air reservoir R1, the first order are filled
Air valve V1 connects；Second level regenerator RG2 by runner successively with second level cool end heat exchanger HX4,
Second level vascular PT2, second level vascular hot-side heat exchanger HX5, second level inertia tube I2, the second level
Air reservoir R2, second level charge valve V2 connect；First order regenerator RG1 is cold, and end is flowed by obstruct
Sound merit transmission part MIAT1 be connected with regenerator RG2 hot junction, the second level, it is achieved first order backheat
Flowing between device RG1 and second level regenerator RG2 intercepts the transmission of harmony merit.
First order cool end heat exchanger HX2 passes through first order heat bridge TB1 to first order precool heat exchanger device
Cold-producing medium in PHX1 carries out pre-cooling；Second level cool end heat exchanger HX4 passes through second level heat bridge TB2
Cold-producing medium in the precool heat exchanger device PHX2 of the second level is carried out pre-cooling.
In present embodiment, the running of working medium is:
For J-T throttling refrigeration unit, the running of cold-producing medium is: cold-producing medium is by J-T compressor
C2 is compressed to high pressure and discharges, and flows through the high temperature side pipe of first order recuperative heat exchanger JHX1 successively
Road, first order precool heat exchanger device PHX1, the high temperature side pipeline of second level recuperative heat exchanger JHX2,
Before second level precool heat exchanger device PHX2 and throttling, the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger JHX3, enters throttling
At valve O, isenthalpic throttling to low pressure and enters vaporizer LHC after reaching liquid helium temperature, through vaporizer LHC
Evaporate low-pressure gas working medium with after extraneous heat exchange, flow through the low temperature of the front heat exchanger JHX3 of throttling successively
Lateral line, the low temperature side pipeline of second level recuperative heat exchanger JHX2, first order recuperative heat exchanger
The low temperature side pipeline of JHX1, finally returns that liquid helium region J-T compressor C2.
Two-stage vascular refrigerator with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct throttles with liquid helium region J-T
Only existing heat transmission between kind of refrigeration cycle, the cold end of its first order cool end heat exchanger PHX1 and the second level changes
Hot device PHX2 is that first order pre-cooling is changed by first order heat bridge TB1 and second level heat bridge TB2 respectively
In hot device PHX1 and second level precool heat exchanger device PHX2, refrigeration working medium provides pre-cooling.
The two-stage vascular refrigerator of the sound merit transmission part for intercepting with flowing, its running
For:
High temperature and high pressure gas through the compression of pre-cold compressor C1 flows through regenerator hot end heat exchanger HX1
After be cooled to room temperature, then carry out heat exchange, temperature with the regeneration filler in first order regenerator RG1
Reducing, gas passes sequentially through first order cool end heat exchanger HX2, first order vascular PT1, first order arteries and veins
Pipe hot end heat exchanger HX3, first order inertia tube I1 enter first order air reservoir R1, after stable operation
Refrigeration effect is produced at first order cool end heat exchanger HX2.Second level regenerator RG2 is near hot junction
Gas is under the pre-cooling of the refrigeration effect of first order cool end heat exchanger HX2, and it is cold that temperature is down to the first order
The temperature of end heat exchanger HX2, the sound merit of the cold end of first order regenerator RG1 is flowed by obstruct simultaneously
Sound merit transmission part MIAT1 transmit to regenerator RG2 hot junction, the second level, drive second level backheat
Gas in device RG2 pass sequentially through second level cool end heat exchanger HX4, second level vascular PT2,
Secondary vein pipe hot end heat exchanger HX5, second level inertia tube I2 enter second level air reservoir R2, stable fortune
At the cool end heat exchanger HX4 of the second level, refrigeration effect is produced after row.
By the technical scheme of the present embodiment 1 and traditional two-stage Stirling or two-stage vascular refrigerator pre-cooling
J-T throttling refrigeration circulation be simulated calculation optimization, Comparative result is as follows:
Table 2 simulates result of calculation for the liquid helium region J-T throttling refrigeration of two-stage pre-cooling
Wherein J-T throttling refrigeration circulation assumed condition is: J-T throttling refrigeration recycle compressor pressure of inspiration(Pi)
Heat exchanger before power 0.121MPa, first order precooling temperature 90K, recuperative heat exchanger efficiency and throttling
Efficiency is 0.97, J-T high pressure interval is interval for calculating maximum COP place in table.
For liquid helium region J-T j-t refrigerator overall performance, precooling temperature is the lowest, reaches the most efficient
High temperature side pressure required for rate (be also maximum cooling capacity) the lowest simultaneously, this for complete machine performance,
The everyway such as life-span, manufacturing cost is favourable.And two-stage sterlin refrigerator is high with two-stage at present
Frequently the performance reached of vascular refrigerator is: lowest refrigerating temperature 11～13K (now without refrigerating capacity),
From the point of view of when in disclosed document, two-stage Stirling is typically in the temperature range of 15K～18K
Interior to J-T circulating precooling.And the two-stage vascular of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing of the present invention
The expection lowest refrigerating temperature of refrigeration machine can to below 10K, can in 10K and pre-cooling presented below,
In conjunction with upper table 2 it will be seen that use the two-stage pulse tube refrigeration of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
Machine pre-cooling can be greatly improved the overall performance of J-T j-t refrigerator.
Embodiment 2
As in figure 2 it is shown, a kind of two-stage vascular refrigerator with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct is pre-
Cold low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator, difference from Example 1 is: described J-T throttling refrigeration
Unit has on heat exchanger JHX3 mesohigh lateral line before throttling the side of and low-pressure side pipeline connection
Siphunculus road, this bypass line is provided with the restricting element BO that can produce isenthalpic throttling effect, this knot
Before structure can effectively improve throttling, heat exchanger JHX3 high and low pressure side refrigeration working medium water equivalent is unbalanced
Problem, significantly improves the efficiency of the front heat exchanger JHX3 of throttling, finally realizes the efficient operation of complete machine.
Embodiment 3
A kind of two-stage Stirling/vascular composite refrigerator of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of pre-cooling, difference from Example 1 is: described backheat pre-cooling list
Unit is the two-stage Stirling/vascular compound-refrigerating machine of the sound merit transmission part intercepted with flowing, including pre-
Cold compressor C1, cylinder SC, flat spring FB, connecting rod RD, level aftercooler AC, discharge
Device DS, hot end seal circle HS, cold end seal circle CS, pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1, resistance
The dynamic sound merit transmission part MIAT of flow blocking, regenerator RG, cool end heat exchanger CHX2, vascular PT,
Vascular hot-side heat exchanger HHX, inertia tube I, air reservoir R, charge valve V.
The connection in the following way of each parts of above-mentioned backheat pre-cooling unit:
Flat spring FB, connecting rod RD, level aftercooler AC, displacer DS, hot end seal circle HS,
Cold end seal circle CS and pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1 is placed in cylinder SC, displacer DS
It is fastened on cylinder SC hot junction, hot end seal circle HS and cold by connecting rod RD and flat spring FB
End sealing ring CS is arranged in the hot junction of displacer DS and cold end, and level aftercooler AC arranges
Between flat spring FB and displacer DS hot junction, pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1 is arranged in gas
The cold end of cylinder SC, compressor C1 is connected with cylinder SC hot junction by pipeline；Regenerator RG is by pipe
Road successively with cool end heat exchanger CHX2, vascular PT, vascular hot-side heat exchanger HHX, inertia tube I,
Air reservoir R and charge valve V connects；The sound merit that pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1 is flowed by obstruct
Transmission part MIAT is connected with regenerator RG.
Pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1 passes through first order heat bridge TB1 to first order precool heat exchanger device
Cold-producing medium in PHX1 carries out pre-cooling；Cool end heat exchanger CHX2 by second level heat bridge TB2 to the
Cold-producing medium in two grades of precool heat exchanger device PHX2 carries out pre-cooling.
Two-stage Stirling/the vascular with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct of present embodiment is combined
The running of the low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of type refrigeration machine pre-cooling is:
For J-T throttling refrigeration unit, the running of cold-producing medium is: cold-producing medium is by J-T compressor
C2 is compressed to high pressure and discharges, and flows through the high temperature side pipe of first order recuperative heat exchanger JHX1 successively
Road, first order precool heat exchanger device PHX1, the high temperature side pipeline of second level recuperative heat exchanger JHX2,
Before second level precool heat exchanger device PHX2 and throttling, the high temperature side pipeline of heat exchanger JHX3, enters throttling
At valve O, isenthalpic throttling to low pressure and enters vaporizer LHC after reaching liquid helium temperature, through vaporizer LHC
Evaporate low-pressure gas working medium with after extraneous heat exchange, flow through the low temperature of the front heat exchanger JHX3 of throttling successively
Lateral line, the low temperature side pipeline of second level recuperative heat exchanger JHX2, first order recuperative heat exchanger
The low temperature side pipeline of JHX1, finally returns that liquid helium region J-T compressor C2.
Two-stage Stirling/vascular composite refrigerator and liquid with the sound merit transmission part intercepted that flows
Heat transmission, its first order cool end heat exchanger PHX1 is only existed between the circulation of helium warm area J-T throttling refrigeration
With second level cool end heat exchanger PHX2 respectively by first order heat bridge TB1 and second level heat bridge TB2
There is provided pre-for refrigeration working medium in first order precool heat exchanger device PHX1 and second level precool heat exchanger device PHX2
Cold.
Two-stage Stirling/vascular the composite refrigerator of the sound merit transmission part for intercepting with flowing,
Its running is:
It is cooled to after the high temperature and high pressure gas of pre-cold compressor C1 compression flows through grade aftercooler AC
Room temperature, then carries out heat exchange with the regeneration filler in displacer DS, and temperature reduces, and is pressed by control
Motion between contracting machine C and displacer DS, it is achieved low temperature high pressure gas expands at cold end, and temperature is entered
One step reduces, and produces refrigeration effect, the gas warp in RG at pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1
Crossing the cooling effect of pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1, initial temperature is down to pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger
The temperature of CHX1, the sound that the sound merit at the cool end heat exchanger CHX1 of pre-cooling level simultaneously is flowed by obstruct
Merit transmission part MIAT transmits to regenerator RG, drives the gas in regenerator RG to lead to successively
Cross cool end heat exchanger CHX2, vascular PT, vascular hot-side heat exchanger HHX, inertia tube I enter gas
Storehouse R, produces refrigeration effect at cool end heat exchanger CHX2 after stable operation.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of two-stage Stirling/vascular with the sound merit transmission part of flowing obstruct is multiple
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of mould assembly refrigeration machine pre-cooling, difference from Example 3 is: described
One and low pressure side pipe is had on heat exchanger JHX3 mesohigh lateral line before the throttling of J-T throttling refrigeration unit
The bypass line of road connection, this bypass line is provided with the restricting element that can produce isenthalpic throttling effect
BO, this structure can effectively improve heat exchanger JHX3 high and low pressure side refrigeration working medium water equivalent before throttling
Unbalanced problem, significantly improves the efficiency of the front heat exchanger JHX3 of throttling, finally realizes the height of complete machine
Effect work.
Embodiment 5～6
Be with the difference of embodiment 1,2, second level charge valve V2, second level air reservoir R2,
With the first order cool end heat exchanger while of second level inertia tube I2 and second level vascular hot-side heat exchanger HX5
HX2 is connected, by reducing the operating temperature of second level air reservoir R2 and second level inertia tube I2 to obtain
Bigger phase modulation angle, final raising this low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator refrigerating efficiency further.
Embodiment 7～8
It is with the difference of embodiment 3,4, charge valve V, air reservoir R, inertia tube I and vascular
Hot end heat exchanger HHX is connected with pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger CHX1 simultaneously, by reducing air reservoir R
With the operating temperature of inertia tube I to obtain bigger phase modulation angle, final raising this low temperature J-T further
J-t refrigerator refrigerating efficiency.
Claims (10)
1. a low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator for philip refrigerator pre-cooling, including backheat pre-cooling list
Unit and J-T throttling refrigeration unit, described backheat pre-cooling unit include being sequentially connected two or two with
On regenerator, it is characterised in that at least the connecting portion of one group of adjacent two regenerator is provided with
Intercepting the sound merit transmission part of flowing, the sound merit transmission part of this obstruct flowing is by two adjacent backheats
Device is independent, it is ensured that each regenerator is operated under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and can be by adjacent
The sound merit transmission of regenerator.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, described multistage philip refrigerator is multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, it is characterised in that described multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine is two stage pulse tube refrigerator, described
The sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing is arranged on the cold end of first order regenerator and regenerator hot junction, the second level
Between.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, it is characterised in that described J-T refrigeration unit includes according to refrigerant flow direction successively phase
J-T compressor even, first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger device, second level backheat
Heat exchanger, choke valve and vaporizer before formula heat exchanger, second level precool heat exchanger device, throttling；
In described two stage pulse tube refrigerator, first order cool end heat exchanger is (by first order heat bridge to the first order
Cold-producing medium in precool heat exchanger device carries out pre-cooling；Second level cool end heat exchanger by second level heat bridge to the
Cold-producing medium in two grades of precool heat exchanger devices carries out pre-cooling.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, it is characterised in that heat exchanger mesohigh before throttling in described J-T throttling refrigeration unit
Having the bypass line of and low-pressure side pipeline connection on lateral line, this bypass line is provided with and can produce
The restricting element of raw isenthalpic throttling effect.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, described backheat pre-cooling unit include at least one Stirling level refrigeration machine and at least one
Vascular level refrigeration machine, the connecting portion of described Stirling level refrigeration machine and vascular level refrigeration machine is provided with obstruct
The sound merit transmission part of flowing, the sound merit transmission part of this obstruct flowing is by Stirling level refrigeration machine and arteries and veins
Pipe level refrigeration machine is independent, it is ensured that at different levels be operated under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and can realize
The sound merit transmission of inter-stage.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, at least one vascular level refrigeration machine includes at least two regenerator, and at least one group
The connecting portion of two adjacent regenerators is disposed with the sound merit transmission part intercepting flowing, this obstruct stream
Dynamic sound merit transmission part is by independent for two adjacent regenerators, it is ensured that each regenerator is operated in
Under respective optimal the blowing pressure, and the sound merit of adjacent regenerator can be transmitted.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, described backheat pre-cooling unit includes pre-cold compressor, pre-cooling level Stirling level refrigeration machine
With low-temperature level vascular level refrigeration machine.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that, described J-T refrigeration unit includes the J-T compression being sequentially connected according to refrigerant flow direction
Machine, first order recuperative heat exchanger, first order precool heat exchanger device, second level recuperative heat exchanger,
Heat exchanger, choke valve and vaporizer before two grades of precool heat exchanger devices, throttlings；
Pre-cooling level cool end heat exchanger in described pre-cooling level Stirling level refrigeration machine passes through first order heat bridge
Cold-producing medium in first order precool heat exchanger device is carried out pre-cooling；Described low-temperature level vascular level refrigeration machine cold
End heat exchanger carries out pre-cooling by second level heat bridge to the cold-producing medium in the precool heat exchanger device of the second level.
The low temperature J-T j-t refrigerator of philip refrigerator pre-cooling the most according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that having one on heat exchanger mesohigh lateral line before the throttling of described J-T throttling refrigeration unit
The individual bypass line with low-pressure side pipeline connection, this bypass line is provided with and can produce isenthalpic throttling effect
The restricting element answered.
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| CN108931067A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of pulse tube type refrigerating plant of vapor compression refrigeration system driving |
| CN110486979A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | The lamination of multistage unilateral pre-cooling interlocks microchannel throttling heat exchange refrigerator |
| CN110486975A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | Second level rectangular laminations microchannel refrigerator |
| CN110486978A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | Array cylinder group type multilevel stack microchannel throttling heat exchange refrigerator |
| CN110486990A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | Choke block and multilevel bionic type microchannel throttling refrigerator |
| CN110486976A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | Two-stage lamination microchannel throttling refrigerator |
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| CN110486976B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-08-24 | 上海理工大学 | Two-stage laminated microchannel throttling refrigerator |
| CN110486990B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-08-24 | 上海理工大学 | Throttle plate and multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator |
| CN110486975B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-08-24 | 上海理工大学 | Two-stage rectangular laminated micro-channel refrigerator |
| CN110486979B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-08-24 | 上海理工大学 | Multi-stage single-side precooling laminated staggered micro-channel throttling heat exchange refrigerator |
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