CN110486990B - Throttle plate and multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator - Google Patents
Throttle plate and multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486990B CN110486990B CN201910807321.5A CN201910807321A CN110486990B CN 110486990 B CN110486990 B CN 110486990B CN 201910807321 A CN201910807321 A CN 201910807321A CN 110486990 B CN110486990 B CN 110486990B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
Abstract
The invention relates to a throttle plate and a multistage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator, wherein the refrigerator comprises an upper cover plate, a plurality of regenerative throttling components and a lower cover plate which are overlapped in sequence, the regenerative throttling components comprise a first throttle plate and a second throttle plate which are overlapped in sequence, the first throttle plate comprises an inlet section positioned at one end, a first channel section, a first expansion hole A and a first expansion hole B which are communicated in a penetrating way, the first channel section is provided with a plurality of Y-shaped grooves which are concave in and communicated with each other, the depth of the concave part of each Y-shaped groove is smaller than the thickness of the first throttle plate, two ends of each Y-shaped groove are arranged along the length direction of the first channel section, the first channel section is provided with at least two Y-shaped groove sections which are communicated in sequence along the length direction of the first channel section, two fork ends of each Y-shaped groove are respectively communicated with the top end of the Y-shaped groove at the other section, and the first expansion hole A is arranged in the first channel section, the first capacity expanding hole B is connected with the first channel section, and two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are intersected with the first capacity expanding hole B.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of enhanced heat exchange throttling refrigeration, and particularly relates to a throttling plate and a multistage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator.
Background
The micro throttling refrigerator utilizes Joule-Thomson effect (J-T effect) to refrigerate, and is widely applied to occasions with smaller size space, such as inner cavity cryotherapy, infrared night vision devices and the like. At present, the main J-T effect refrigerator still adopts a Hampson type (spiral fin tube type), a stainless steel tube with the outer diameter of 0.5mm-1mm is wound on a mandrel, and high-pressure gas flows through the whole stainless steel tube and enters a capillary tube of a tube head for throttling. The throttled low-pressure gas flows back to pass through the outer fins of the stainless steel pipe to pre-cool the inflowing high-pressure gas. However, the air inlet of the Hampson type throttling refrigerator is only one to two paths, the refrigerating capacity is small, the central support shaft occupies a large space in the refrigerator, the refrigerator is not compact in structure, and the heat exchange efficiency is low.
With the development of microchannel technology, microchannel throttling refrigerators have been widely researched and applied, in order to ensure the processing precision of microchannels, silicon materials with strong plasticity are generally adopted for manufacturing, high-pressure and low-pressure microchannel plates are mutually overlapped, high-pressure gas enters a high-pressure microchannel layer and is cooled by low-temperature gas of an adjacent low-pressure microchannel layer, and precooled high-pressure gas enters an evaporation cavity for absorbing external heat source heat after throttling and depressurizing, and finally returns through a low-pressure microchannel. However, the throttle cooler has low pressure bearing capacity, the pressure of the inflow gas is limited by the silicon material, the cooling temperature reduction space is limited, and meanwhile, the structure of the throttle cooler cannot be overlapped in multiple layers, so that the air inflow is low and the cooling capacity is low. The existing microchannel refrigerator adopts single-stage regenerative refrigeration and throttling refrigeration, adopts a strand of refrigeration working medium, and finally achieves limited refrigeration temperature. In summary, the existing micro-channel throttling refrigerator has the disadvantages of small air input, low heat exchange efficiency and limited cold end temperature, and restricts the application and development of the micro-channel throttling refrigerator.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a throttle plate formed by throttling and precooling a bionic type channel and a multistage bionic type micro-channel refrigerator comprising the throttle plate.
The invention provides a first throttle plate which is characterized by comprising an inlet section, a first channel section and a first capacity expansion unit, wherein the inlet section, the first channel section and the first capacity expansion unit are positioned at one end, the first capacity expansion unit is provided with a first through capacity expansion hole A and a first through capacity expansion hole B, the first capacity expansion hole B is positioned at the other end, the first channel section is positioned between the inlet section and the first through capacity expansion hole B, the inlet section is provided with a first through outlet hole a, a first through outlet hole B and an inlet groove, the inlet groove is provided with a plurality of micro cylinders arranged in an array mode and a first through inlet hole, the first inlet hole is communicated with the inlet groove, the first outlet hole a and the second outlet hole B are not communicated with the inlet groove, the first channel section is provided with a plurality of concave and communicated Y-shaped grooves, the depth of the concave grooves of the Y-shaped grooves is smaller than the thickness of the first throttle plate, two ends of the Y-shaped grooves are arranged along the length direction of the first channel section, the first channel section is provided with at least two sections which are sequentially communicated with each other, and the Y-shaped grooves are arranged along the length direction of the first channel section The top ends of the Y-shaped grooves are communicated with the inlet groove, two fork ends of each Y-shaped groove are communicated with the top end of the Y-shaped groove of the other section respectively, the first capacity expansion hole A is arranged in the first channel section, the two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are communicated with the first capacity expansion hole A, the first capacity expansion hole B is connected with the first channel section, and the two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are communicated with the first capacity expansion hole B in an intersection mode respectively.
The invention provides a second throttle plate which is characterized by comprising an outlet section, a second channel section and a second capacity expansion unit, wherein the outlet section is arranged at one end, the second capacity expansion unit is provided with a second through capacity expansion hole A and a second through capacity expansion hole B, the second through capacity expansion hole B is arranged at the other end, the second channel section is arranged between the outlet section and the second capacity expansion hole B, the outlet section is provided with a second through inlet hole, a second through hole a, a first outlet groove, a second outlet hole B and two second outlet grooves, the second outlet hole a is communicated with the first outlet groove, the second outlet hole B is communicated with the second outlet groove, the first inlet hole is not communicated with the first outlet hole a and the second outlet hole B, the second channel section comprises a primary heat exchange section and a secondary heat exchange section, the primary heat exchange section is provided with a primary flow passage, the secondary heat exchange section is provided with two secondary flow passages 1 and 2, the first-stage flow channel is an inward-concave and communicated S-shaped broken line groove arranged along the length direction of the second throttle plate, the depth of the inward concave is smaller than the thickness of the second throttle plate, the second expansion hole A is arranged in the second channel section, the first-stage flow channel is positioned at one side of the first expansion hole A, the second-stage flow channel 2 is positioned at the other side of the first expansion hole A, one end of the first-stage flow channel is communicated with the first outlet groove, the other end of the first-stage flow channel is communicated with the second expansion hole A, the second-stage flow channel 1 and the second-stage flow channel 2 are respectively inward-concave and communicated S-shaped broken line grooves arranged along the length direction of the second throttle plate, the depth of the inward concave is smaller than the thickness of the second throttle plate, the width of the groove of the second-stage flow channel 1 is smaller than the width of the groove of the second-stage flow channel 2, the two second-stage flow channels 1 are positioned at two sides of the first-stage flow channel, one end of the second-stage flow channel is communicated with the second outlet groove, the other end of the second-stage flow channel 2 is communicated with one end of the two-stage flow channels 1, the other end is communicated with the second expansion hole B.
The invention provides a multistage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator which is characterized by comprising an upper cover plate, a plurality of back-heating throttling components and a lower cover plate, wherein the upper cover plate, the back-heating throttling components and the lower cover plate are sequentially overlapped, the back-heating throttling components comprise a first throttling plate and a second throttling plate which are overlapped up and down, the first throttling plate is the first throttling plate of claim 1, the second throttling plate is the second throttling plate of claim 2, adjacent first inlet holes are communicated with the second inlet holes, adjacent first outlet holes a are communicated with the second outlet holes a, adjacent first outlet holes B are communicated with the second outlet holes B, adjacent first expansion holes A are communicated with the second expansion holes A, and adjacent first expansion holes B are communicated with the second expansion holes B.
The multistage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator is characterized by further comprising an inlet pipe, a first outlet pipe and a second outlet pipe, wherein the lower cover plate is provided with a through inlet hole, the inlet hole is communicated with the inlet hole, the inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet hole, the upper cover plate is provided with a through secondary outlet hole and a through primary outlet hole, the first outlet pipe is communicated with the primary outlet hole, the primary outlet hole is communicated with a first outlet hole a and a second outlet hole a, the second outlet pipe is communicated with the secondary outlet hole, and the secondary outlet hole is communicated with a first outlet hole b and a second outlet hole b.
In addition, in the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator provided by the invention, the refrigerator also has the following characteristics: the upper cover plate, the first throttle plate, the second throttle plate and the lower cover plate are connected by adopting a diffusion fusion welding technology, and are combined by an atomic diffusion fusion welding technology of materials among all the plate sheets, so that the sealing performance is good and no contact thermal resistance exists.
In addition, in the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator provided by the invention, the refrigerator also has the following characteristics: the external gas working medium enters the inlet channel from the inlet pipe, the gas working medium simultaneously enters the plurality of first throttle plates, a part of gas working medium subjected to regenerative throttling is collected into the first expansion hole A through the first section of Y-shaped groove, the working medium enters the second throttle plate through the second expansion hole A communicated with the first expansion hole A, flows out of the first outlet pipe through the first-stage runner f1 of the second throttle plate, the other part of gas working medium continuously flows along the second section of Y-shaped groove on the g plate sheet and is collected into the first expansion hole B through the multilayer low-temperature gas subjected to the primary regenerative throttling, enters the second throttle plate through the second expansion hole B communicated with the first expansion hole B, and flows out of the second outlet pipe through the second heat exchange section of the second throttle plate.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator, the first-stage regenerative heat exchange channel and the second-stage regenerative heat exchange channel in the upper plate are in the form of Y-shaped neural network channels, so that throttling and cooling can be realized while regenerative heat exchange with the low-pressure channel is realized.
In addition, the number of the Y-shaped neural network channels branched each time and the length of the channels can be designed according to the practical application of the refrigerator;
furthermore, the primary and secondary regenerative heat exchange channels in the lower plate are designed into the channel form of a baffle, wherein the space between the baffles and the occupation ratio of the baffles on the channel width can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and meanwhile, the flow resistance on the primary and secondary channels can be adjusted by controlling the density and size of the baffles.
Furthermore, the primary outlet pipeline and the secondary outlet pipeline are not communicated with each other, so that the two stages of throttling refrigeration working media are ensured not to be mixed, and the two stages can respectively adopt different working media.
Furthermore, by adopting the outlet mode, the two stages of working mediums can be discharged out of the refrigerator in respective flow channels, and can be respectively connected with the two stages of corresponding outlet pipelines without overlapping in spatial position.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall appearance of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a refrigerator in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an upper plate flow channel arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of an upper plate flow channel in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the distribution of the flow channels of the lower plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a lower wafer flow channel in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of X in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic view of Y in FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is a partial schematic view of Z in fig. 6.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the throttle plate and the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator of the invention are specifically described in the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-stage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator includes an upper cover plate d, a plurality of upper plates g and a plurality of lower plates f, a lower cover plate e, an inlet pipeline a, a secondary outlet pipeline b, and a primary outlet pipeline c, which are sequentially overlapped.
And the upper cover plate d is respectively provided with a secondary outlet hole and a primary outlet hole which are communicated.
The upper plate g comprises an inlet section, a heat exchange section and a capacity expansion unit 1 which are positioned at one end.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inlet section of the upper plate g is rectangular and has a through inlet hole ga, a concave inlet groove a1, and a through secondary outlet hole gb and a primary outlet hole gc, wherein the inlet hole ga is communicated with the inlet groove a1, and the secondary outlet hole gb and the primary outlet hole gc are not communicated with the inlet groove a 1. In the embodiment, the inlet groove a1 is in an "L" shape and is recessed inwards from the upper surface of the plate, a plurality of upright micro cylinders a11 are arranged on the bottom surface of the groove in the channel of the inlet groove a1 at intervals in an array mode, the micro cylinder array structure has the functions of supporting and guiding flow, and a12 is a flow channel area.
The upper plate sheet g heat exchange section is rectangular and comprises a first-stage heat exchange section and a second-stage heat exchange section. The flow channel g1 is a first-stage heat exchange section on the upper plate g and is designed in a bionic Y-shaped neural network channel form, the flow channel g3 is a second-stage heat exchange section of the upper plate g and is also designed in a Y-shaped neural network channel form as shown in the figure, and the flow channel g1 is communicated with the flow channel g3 in the front-back direction. The primary and secondary heat return and exchange channels in the upper plate g are in a Y-shaped neural network channel form, throttling and cooling can be achieved while heat return and exchange are carried out on the upper plate g and the low-pressure channel, and the number of the channels branched at each time and the length of the channels can be designed according to the practical application of a refrigerator.
The flow channel g1 and the flow channel g3 are respectively a plurality of concave Y-shaped grooves, the concave depth of each Y-shaped groove is smaller than the thickness of the upper plate g, two ends of each Y-shaped groove are arranged along the length direction of the first channel section, and the Y-shaped grooves connected in the front and the back are communicated.
The top ends of the Y-shaped grooves of the plurality of flow passages g1 and the inlet groove a1 are intersected to form a plurality of inlet openings, and two fork ends of the Y-shaped groove of the flow passage g1 are respectively communicated with the top end of the Y-shaped groove of the flow passage g 3.
In the embodiment, the sizes of the flow channels g1 and g3 are both micron-sized, so that the flow resistance of the heat exchange working medium on the flow channels can be increased to a great extent, and the pressure drop between the flow channels can be increased, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the high-pressure heat exchange unit and the low-pressure heat exchange unit and improving the refrigeration efficiency.
The long side of the inlet section rectangle of the upper plate sheet g is connected with the short side of the heat exchange section rectangle to form a T shape.
The capacity expansion unit 1 of the upper plate g is provided with a capacity expansion hole g2 and a capacity expansion hole g4 which penetrate through the upper plate surface and the lower plate surface, the capacity expansion hole g2 is communicated with two fork ends of the flow channel g1, and the capacity expansion hole g4 is communicated with two fork ends of the flow channel g 3. The fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves of the plurality of flow channels g1 are intersected with the expansion hole g2, and the fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves of the plurality of flow channels g3 are intersected with the expansion hole g 4. The shape of the expansion hole can be rectangular, trapezoidal, oval and the like. In the embodiment, the expansion holes g2 and g4 are both rectangular.
The lower plate f comprises an outlet section at one end, a heat exchange section and an expansion unit 2.
The lower plate f and the upper plate g have the same size.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the outlet section of the lower plate f has a rectangular shape, and has an inlet hole fa, an outlet hole fc, an outlet groove fc1, an outlet hole fb, and two outlet grooves fb1, fb2 therethrough.
The outlet holes fc are positioned and sized in correspondence with the primary outlet holes gc of the upper plate g, and the outlet holes fb are positioned and sized in correspondence with the secondary outlet holes gb of the upper plate g.
The outlet port fc communicates with the outlet groove fc1, the outlet port fb communicates with both the outlet grooves fb1 and fb2, and the inlet port fa does not communicate with both the outlet port fc and the outlet port fb.
The capacity expansion unit 2 of the lower plate f is provided with capacity expansion holes f2 and capacity expansion holes f4 which penetrate through the upper plate surface and the lower plate surface, the capacity expansion holes f2 are located in the middle of the lower plate f, and the capacity expansion holes f4 are located at the end of the lower plate f.
The position and the size of the containing hole f2 are consistent with those of the containing hole g2 of the upper plate g, and the position and the size of the containing hole f4 are consistent with those of the containing hole g4 of the upper plate g.
The heat exchange section of the lower plate f is rectangular and is positioned between the outlet section and the second expansion hole B, and the heat exchange section comprises a first-stage heat exchange section and a second-stage heat exchange section.
The primary heat exchange section has a primary flow path f1 and the secondary heat exchange section has two secondary flow paths f5 and f 3.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the first-stage flow channel f1 is provided with a micro baffle plate f11 and a micro flow channel f12, the micro baffle plate f11 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, the length of the micro flow channel is more than 75% of the length of the cross section of the micro flow channel, the size of the micro flow channel is micron-sized, the distance between the baffle plates is also micron-sized, and the arrangement compactness of the micro flow channel is ensured.
The expansion hole f2 is arranged in the heat exchange section, the primary flow passage f1 is positioned at one side of the expansion hole f2, and the secondary flow passage f3 is positioned at the other side of the expansion hole f 2. One end of the primary flow passage f1 is communicated with the outlet groove fc1, and the other end is communicated with the expansion hole f 2.
The secondary flow channel f5 and the secondary flow channel f3 are respectively concave S-shaped broken line grooves which are arranged along the length direction of the lower plate f and communicated with each other, the depth of the concave grooves is smaller than the thickness of the lower plate f, and the width of the groove of the secondary flow channel f5 is smaller than the width of the groove of the secondary flow channel f 3. In the embodiment, the secondary flow channel f5 has a micro baffle f51 and a micro flow channel f52, the micro baffle f51 is perpendicular to the fluid flow direction, and the secondary flow channel f3 is also designed to be of a baffle type.
As shown in fig. 6, 8 and 9, the two secondary flow channels f5 are located at two sides of the primary flow channel f1, one end of each of the two secondary flow channels f5 is respectively communicated with the outlet grooves fb1 and fb2, and the other end is communicated with the secondary flow channel f3, so that the two secondary flow channels do not participate in the primary regenerative heat exchange. One end of the secondary flow passage f3 is communicated with one end of the two secondary flow passages f5, and the other end is communicated with the expansion hole f 4.
In the embodiment, the sizes of the flow channel f1 and the flow channel f5 are both micron-sized, so that the flow resistance of the heat exchange working medium on the flow channel can be greatly increased, and the pressure drop between the flow channels can be increased, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the high-pressure heat exchange unit and the low-pressure heat exchange unit and improving the refrigeration efficiency.
The long side of the outlet section rectangle of the lower plate f is connected with the short side of the heat exchange section rectangle to form a T shape.
The lower cover plate e is provided with a through inlet hole.
In the embodiment, the upper plate g and the lower plate f are both made of stainless steel materials, the flow channel is etched by adopting a printed circuit board etching technology, and the upper plate and the lower plate which are carved with different flow channel shapes are designed in advance according to the refrigeration and heat exchange requirements.
In the embodiment, the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator comprises 3 groups of lower plates f and 3 groups of upper plates g which are mutually staggered and superposed, and the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator 100 sequentially comprises an upper cover plate d, a lower plate f, an upper plate g and a lower cover plate e from top to bottom.
The adjacent inlet holes ga communicate with the inlet holes fa, the adjacent expansion holes f2 communicate with the expansion holes g2, and the adjacent expansion holes f4 communicate with the expansion holes g 4.
The lower cover plate e is provided with a through inlet opening which communicates the inlet opening ga with the inlet opening fa, the inlet opening being in communication with the inlet opening a.
And the upper cover plate d is provided with a secondary outlet hole and a primary outlet hole which are communicated.
The outlet pipe c is communicated with a primary outlet hole which is communicated with the outlet hole gc and the outlet hole fc.
The outlet pipe b is communicated with the secondary outlet hole which is communicated with the outlet hole gb and the outlet hole fb.
In the embodiment, the cover plate, the upper plate g and the lower plate f are connected by adopting a diffusion fusion welding technology, and are combined by the atomic diffusion fusion welding technology of materials between the plates, so that the sealing performance is good and the contact thermal resistance is avoided. The shape and the size of the micro-channel can be changed according to requirements, and flexibility is provided.
The upper and lower side plates with certain thickness and bearing capacity are designed on the upper and lower sides of the refrigerator and are welded with the high-low pressure channel into a whole through an atomic fusion welding process so as to ensure the integral bearing capacity of the refrigerator.
The heat exchange working medium flows between the channels, so that the heat exchange working medium flows up and down and back and forth between the channels, the flow resistance of the heat exchange working medium on the channels can be greatly increased, the size of the heat exchange channels is micron-sized, and the pressure drop between the channels is increased, so that the heat exchange between the high-pressure heat exchange unit and the low-pressure heat exchange unit is enhanced, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved.
High-pressure gas working medium is adopted as the coke soup throttling refrigerant in the multistage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator, and when the refrigerator is used under the normal-temperature working condition, gas (such as nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and the like) or mixed working medium with the coke soup throttling coefficient larger than 0 can be adopted.
External gas working media enter an inlet channel from an inlet pipe a, the gas working media simultaneously enter three upper plates g and flow through a bionic channel of a first-stage heat exchange section of a runner g1 of the upper plates, high-pressure fluid has Bernoulli effect and coke-soup throttling effect in the flowing process, throttling and cooling are carried out for many times in the bionic channel, and meanwhile, the low-temperature backflow working media are subjected to heat exchange and cooling through a first-stage runner f1 in the first-stage heat exchange section of the lower plates.
Part of the multi-layer low-temperature low-pressure gas after being subjected to regenerative throttling is collected into a first-stage capacity expansion hole g2 of an upper plate g, and then the working medium enters a lower plate f through a first-stage capacity expansion hole f2 of the lower plate f communicated with a capacity expansion hole g2, passes through a first-stage flow channel f1 of a low-pressure channel of a first-stage heat exchange section of the lower plate f and finally flows out through a first-stage outlet pipe c.
The other part of the multi-layer low-temperature gas after primary regenerative throttling continuously flows along the bionic channel on the g plate and enters the bionic channel g3 of the secondary heat exchange section of the upper plate g, the working medium in the channel g3 has Bernoulli effect and coke soup throttling effect in the flowing process, the multi-throttling cooling is carried out in the bionic channel, meanwhile, the multi-layer low-temperature low-pressure gas after secondary regenerative throttling is collected into the secondary expansion hole g4 of the upper plate and communicated with the secondary expansion hole f4 of the lower plate through the secondary backflow low-temperature backflow working medium in the secondary heat exchange section of the lower plate flow channel f3 to reach lower temperature, and the working medium then enters the lower plate f, passes through the secondary heat exchange section of the low-pressure channel f3 of the lower plate f and finally flows out through a secondary outlet pipeline b.
The secondary low-temperature backflow working medium does not participate in primary regenerative heat exchange, the channel f5 flowing through the primary range is designed on two sides of the primary regenerative heat exchange, and the high-pressure plate and the low-pressure plate are adjacently arranged, so that the precooling effect in each high-pressure channel is ensured to be as uniform and consistent as possible.
The manufacturing method of the channel plate groove comprises the following steps:
in the embodiment, stainless steel with high strength is selected as a substrate material of the micro-channel structure, a printed circuit board type manufacturing technology is applied to the scorch throttling refrigerator, a laser etching technology of the printed circuit board is adopted for the plate, the designed channel shape is transferred to the photoetching top photoresist layer through an exposure imaging principle, and then the surface of the corresponding stainless steel plate is etched, the acceptable etching channel shape is flexible, and a good minimum characteristic size can be formed. Therefore, the required cross-type microchannel plate is manufactured by adopting the laser etching technology of the printed circuit board. Then, the plates are contacted with each other by using an atomic diffusion fusion welding technology, and the atoms are diffused and recrystallized to form reliable connection.
Compared with the prior micro-channel refrigerator manufacturing technology, the micro-channel refrigerator manufacturing method has the advantages that:
1) the shape of a channel which can be etched by the laser etching technology of the printed circuit board is flexible, and the inclination angle of the channel and the number of the channels can be changed according to requirements;
2) the diffusion fusion welding technology can seamlessly overlap a plurality of heat exchange units, and the number of the plates can be adjusted according to specific heat exchange requirements;
3) the atom fusion welding process can basically eliminate the contact thermal resistance between the welded plates, the plates of all layers are superposed and combined into a whole, the formed refrigerator has good sealing and no additional thermal resistance at the combined part, and the heat exchange efficiency between the welded plates is increased.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttling refrigerator, the first-stage and second-stage regenerative heat exchange channels in the upper plate sheet are in the form of Y-shaped neural network channels, and throttling and cooling can be achieved while regenerative heat exchange with the low-pressure channel is achieved.
In addition, the number of the Y-shaped neural network channels branched each time and the length of the channels can be designed according to the practical application of the refrigerator;
furthermore, the primary and secondary regenerative heat exchange channels in the lower plate are designed into the channel form of a baffle, wherein the space between the baffles and the occupation ratio of the baffles on the channel width can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and meanwhile, the flow resistance on the primary and secondary channels can be adjusted by controlling the density and size of the baffles.
Furthermore, the size of the heat exchange channel is micron-sized, so that the flow resistance of the heat exchange working medium on the channel can be greatly increased, and the pressure drop between the flow channels can be increased, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the high-pressure heat exchange unit and the low-pressure heat exchange unit and improving the refrigeration efficiency.
Furthermore, the primary and secondary expansion cavities of the upper and lower plates are rectangular, wherein the primary expansion cavity is used for realizing the expansion and cooling of the primary refrigeration working medium, and the refrigeration effect has no direct relation with the specific shape; the secondary expansion cavity not only realizes the expansion and temperature reduction of the secondary refrigeration working medium, but also serves as an interface for heat exchange with an external heat source, so that the shape of the secondary expansion cavity can be designed into various forms such as a trapezoid, a square and a cylinder according to the shape design of the heat source in specific application.
Furthermore, the refrigerator adopts the printed circuit board etching technology, can design and carve the slab of different inclinations in advance according to the refrigeration heat transfer demand, and then adopt the atom diffusion to fuse the welding technology, the refrigerator processing that the design in the invention is convenient, practical and feasible, the channel size of carving the slab can reach the micron level, the refrigerant is high-pressure gas, the refrigerator adopts stainless steel material, the bearing capacity is strong, safe and reliable.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the processing process is feasible and convenient to implement, the micro-channel plates are connected by adopting a diffusion fusion welding technology and are mutually combined by depending on an atomic diffusion fusion welding technology of materials between the micro-channel plates, so that the sealing performance is good and the thermal contact resistance is avoided. The shape and the size of the micro-channel can be changed according to requirements, and flexibility is provided.
Furthermore, the first-stage outlet pipeline and the second-stage outlet pipeline are not communicated with each other, so that the two-stage throttling refrigeration working media are guaranteed not to be mixed, and the two stages can respectively adopt different working media.
Furthermore, by adopting the outlet mode, the two stages of working mediums can be discharged out of the refrigerator in respective flow channels, and can be respectively connected with the two stages of corresponding outlet pipelines without overlapping in spatial position.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-stage bionic microchannel throttling refrigerator is characterized by comprising:
an upper cover plate, a plurality of back-heating throttling components and a lower cover plate which are overlapped in sequence,
wherein the regenerative throttling component comprises a first throttling plate and a second throttling plate which are overlapped up and down,
the first throttle plate includes:
an inlet section at one end, a first channel section and a first capacity expansion unit,
wherein the first capacity expansion unit is provided with a first capacity expansion hole A and a first capacity expansion hole B which are communicated, the first capacity expansion hole B is positioned at the other end, the first channel section is positioned between the inlet section and the first capacity expansion hole B,
the inlet section is provided with a first through outlet hole a, a first outlet hole b and an inlet groove, a plurality of micro cylinders arranged in an array on the inlet groove and a first through inlet hole, the first inlet hole is communicated with the inlet groove, the first outlet hole a and the first outlet hole b are not communicated with the inlet groove,
the first channel section is provided with a plurality of inward-concave and communicated Y-shaped grooves, the inward-concave depth of the Y-shaped grooves is smaller than the thickness of the first throttle plate, two ends of the Y-shaped grooves are arranged along the length direction of the first channel section, the first channel section is provided with at least two Y-shaped groove sections which are sequentially communicated and arranged along the length direction of the first channel section,
the top ends of the Y-shaped grooves are communicated with the inlet groove, two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with the top end of the Y-shaped groove at the other section,
the first containing hole A is arranged in the first channel section, two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are communicated with the first containing hole A,
the first capacity expanding hole B is connected with the first channel section, two fork ends of the Y-shaped grooves are respectively communicated with the first capacity expanding hole B,
the second throttle plate includes:
an outlet section, a second channel section and a second capacity expansion unit which are positioned at one end,
wherein the second capacity expansion unit is provided with a second capacity expansion hole A and a second capacity expansion hole B which are communicated, the second capacity expansion hole B is positioned at the other end, the second channel section is positioned between the outlet section and the second capacity expansion hole B,
the outlet section is provided with a second inlet hole, a second outlet hole a, a first outlet groove, a second outlet hole b and two second outlet grooves which are communicated,
the second outlet hole a is communicated with the first outlet groove, the second outlet hole b is communicated with the second outlet groove, the first inlet hole is not communicated with the second outlet hole a and the second outlet hole b,
the second channel section comprises a primary heat exchange section and a secondary heat exchange section,
the first-stage heat exchange section is provided with a first-stage flow passage, the second-stage heat exchange section is provided with two second-stage flow passages I and two second-stage flow passages II,
the first-stage flow channel is an S-shaped fold line groove which is arranged along the length direction of the second throttle plate and is concave and communicated, the depth of the concave is smaller than the thickness of the second throttle plate, the second expansion hole A is arranged in the second channel section, the first-stage flow channel is positioned at one side of the second expansion hole A, the second-stage flow channel II is positioned at the other side of the second expansion hole A,
one end of the primary flow passage is communicated with the first outlet groove, the other end is communicated with the second expansion hole A,
the second-stage flow channel I and the second-stage flow channel II are respectively an S-shaped fold line groove which is arranged along the length direction of the second throttle plate and is concave and communicated, the depth of the concave is smaller than the thickness of the second throttle plate, the width of the groove of the second-stage flow channel I is smaller than that of the groove of the second-stage flow channel II,
the two secondary flow passages I are positioned at two sides of the primary flow passage, one end of each secondary flow passage is communicated with the second outlet groove, the other end of each secondary flow passage is communicated with the secondary flow passage II,
one end of the second-stage flow passage II is communicated with one end of the two second-stage flow passages I, the other end of the second-stage flow passage II is communicated with the second expansion hole B,
adjacent said first inlet openings communicating with said second inlet openings,
the adjacent first outlet holes a communicate with the second outlet holes a, the adjacent first outlet holes b communicate with the second outlet holes b,
the adjacent first expansion holes A are communicated with the second expansion holes A, and the adjacent first expansion holes B are communicated with the second expansion holes B.
2. The multi-stage biomimetic micro-channel throttling chiller according to claim 1, further comprising:
an inlet pipe, a first outlet pipe, and a second outlet pipe,
wherein the lower cover plate is provided with a through inlet hole which is communicated, the inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet hole,
the upper cover plate is provided with a secondary outlet hole and a primary outlet hole which are communicated,
the first outlet pipe communicates with the primary outlet hole, which communicates with a first outlet hole a and a second outlet hole a,
the second outlet pipe communicates with the secondary outlet hole, which communicates with the first outlet hole b and the second outlet hole b.
3. The multi-stage biomimetic micro-channel throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the upper cover plate, the first throttle plate, the second throttle plate and the lower cover plate are connected by adopting a diffusion fusion welding technology, and are mutually combined by depending on an atomic diffusion fusion welding technology of materials between each two plate sheets, so that the sealing performance is good and the contact resistance is avoided.
4. The multi-stage biomimetic micro-channel throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that:
wherein, the external gas working medium enters the inlet channel from the inlet pipe, the gas working medium simultaneously enters the plurality of first throttle plates, a part of the gas working medium after back heating and throttling is collected into the first capacity expanding hole A through the first section of Y-shaped groove, the working medium enters the second throttle plate through the second capacity expanding hole A communicated with the first capacity expanding hole A, passes through the primary flow channel of the second throttle plate and flows out from the first outlet pipe,
the other part of gas working medium continuously flows along a second section of Y-shaped groove on the g plate after passing through the primary regenerative throttling, and is converged into the first expansion hole B, and the working medium enters the second throttle plate through the second expansion hole B communicated with the first expansion hole B, passes through the secondary heat exchange section of the second throttle plate, and flows out from the second outlet pipe.
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| CN201910807321.5A CN110486990B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Throttle plate and multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator |
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| CN201910807321.5A CN110486990B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Throttle plate and multi-stage bionic micro-channel throttle refrigerator |
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| CN110486990B true CN110486990B (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240115 Address after: No. 61 Jianmei, Jianmei Village, Shajian Town, Hua'an County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, 363800 Patentee after: Yang Wenchao Address before: 200093 No. 516, military road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee before: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology |
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