CN106285817A - 控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法 - Google Patents

控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法 Download PDF

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CN106285817A
CN106285817A CN201510772242.7A CN201510772242A CN106285817A CN 106285817 A CN106285817 A CN 106285817A CN 201510772242 A CN201510772242 A CN 201510772242A CN 106285817 A CN106285817 A CN 106285817A
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stop pin
oil
valve
switch valve
spring
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CN106285817B (zh
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吴廷翰
朴敏秀
金允锡
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443—Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433—Location oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F01L2001/34463—Locking position intermediate between most retarded and most advanced positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F01L2001/34466—Locking means between driving and driven members with multiple locking devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F01L2001/34469—Lock movement parallel to camshaft axis

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种控制连续可变气门正时(CVVT：continuous variable valve timing)系统的锁定销的方法。所述方法包括：供应油的操作步骤，利用被吸进CVVT系统的油来操作阀门柱的滑阀，并且将油供应至锁定销和开关阀；开启开关阀的操作步骤，利用在供应油的操作步骤中的油的压力来开启开关阀；释放锁定销的操作步骤，在开关阀开启的时候将油供应至腔室，并且在提前腔室和滞后腔室之间没有油压力差的时候释放锁定销。

Description

控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制连续可变气门正时(CVVT)系统的锁定销的方法。
背景技术
本部分中的陈述仅提供与本发明相关的背景信息而并不构成现有技术。
通常，为了减少排放气体、提高燃料效率并提高输出功率，将CVVT系统用于车辆。近来开展了对于中间相位CVVT系统的研究，目的在于克服传统CVVT系统的响应性和限制性操作部分方面的限制。对于中间相位CVVT系统的情况，控制凸轮的位置处于中间位置而非最提前的(进气)位置或者最滞后的(排气)位置。因此，响应性相对较高，并且能够增加凸轮可利用的范围。从而，能够提高燃料效率，并且能够减少排放气体量。
同时，在中间相位CVVT系统中，当发动机的RPM降低时，邻近转子安装的锁定销锁定到设置在提前腔室和滞后腔室之间的中间位置的锁定销孔，从而为发动机后续的点火做准备。在此，在发动机的RPM降低的时候自动将锁定销锁定到锁定销孔成为“自锁”状态。
自锁起到使CVVT能够机械地返回至准确位置而不用单独控制的作用，从而使得能够在CVVT系统的非操作范围内(也即，当车辆处于怠速状态或者点火状态)确保对发动机进行可靠操作。
然而，我们已经发现如果气门正时维持在最滞后的位置而非返回至中间相位，那么在车辆处于怠速状态下时，稳压罐的压力增加到大气压的水平而非形成真空。因此，产生了利用稳压罐中的真空的制动性能劣化的问题。
此外，我们已经发现如果气门正时维持在最提前的位置而非返回到中间相位，那么会过于频繁地引起进气气门和排气气门之间的气门正时重叠。因此，发动机的操作的可靠性减低。此外，发动机的振动问题恶化。在一些情况下，这可能导致发动机安装问题。
换言之，我们发现了在中间相位CVVT系统中当锁定销的自锁功能自动启动时，在正常状况下由此转子和锁定销处于最提前的位置或者最滞后的位置的时候，由于缺乏负压而导致发动机的安装问题或制动故障问题。
此外，我们发现了如果在解除锁定销的锁定状态的时候产生提前腔室和滞后腔室之间的油压力差，那么侧向力被施加至锁定销，从而导致锁定销从锁孔中不能按照要求地移除的问题。而且，一旦疲劳在锁定销上累积，那么可能导致锁定销损坏的问题。
以上内容用于帮助理解本发明的背景，并非用于表示上述内容已为本领域技术人员所公知。
发明内容
本发明提供一种控制CVVT系统的锁定销的方法，其能够防止以下问题：如果在锁定销释放的时候产生在提前腔室和滞后腔室之间的油压力差，则侧向力施加至锁定销从而使得锁定销可能从锁定销孔不能按照要求地移除或者锁定销可能由于疲劳累积而被损坏。
本发明提供一种控制连续可变气门正时(CVVT)系统的锁定销的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：供应油的操作步骤，利用被吸进CVVT系统的油来操作阀门柱的滑阀，并且将油供应至锁定销和开关阀；开启开关阀的操作步骤，利用在供应油的操作步骤中的油的压力来开启开关阀；释放锁定销的操作步骤，在开关阀开启的时候将油供应至腔室，并且在提前腔室和滞后腔室之间没有油压力差的时候释放锁定销。
所述供应油的操作步骤可以包括，从油控制阀(OCV)供应油并且形成通过阀门柱的油通路，以将油供应至所述锁定销和所述开关阀。
所述释放锁定销的操作步骤可以包括，调整所述油控制阀(OCV)的工作值，以将油平稳地供应至所述提前腔室和所述滞后腔室。
设置在所述开关阀上的开关阀弹簧和设置在所述锁定销上的锁定销弹簧可以设定为，所述开关阀弹簧的刚度小于所述锁定销弹簧的刚度，以使对所述开关阀的开启先于对所述锁定销的释放。
设置在所述开关阀上的所述开关阀弹簧的最大刚度可以设定为小于设置在所述锁定销上的锁定销弹簧的最小刚度，以使对所述开关阀的开启先于对所述锁定销的释放。
通过本文提供的说明，其它应用领域将变得显而易见。应理解说明书和具体实施例仅旨在用于说明的目的而不旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明，现在将以示例的方式并参考附图对本发明各种形式进行描述，其中：
图1为显示根据本发明的实施方案的CVVT系统的视图；
图2为显示图1中的A部分放大的视图；
图3为显示图1中的B部分放大的视图；
图4为显示根据本发明的实施方案的腔室的视图；
图5为显示根据本发明的实施方案的控制CVVT系统的锁定销的方法的流程图。
本文描述的附图仅用于说明的目的并非用于在以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述仅为示例性的性质并非旨在限制本发明、其应用或用途。应理解在整个附图中，相应的附图标记表示相同或相应的部件和特征。下面将参考附图描述根据本发明的实施方案的控制CVVT系统的锁定销的方法。
参考图1和图5，根据本发明的实施方案的控制CVVT系统的锁定销的方法包括：供应油的操作步骤S100，利用被吸进CVVT系统的油来操作阀门柱100的滑阀110，并且将油供应至锁定销300和开关阀500；开启开关阀的操作步骤S300，利用在供应油的操作步骤S100中供应的油的压力来开启开关阀500；释放锁定销的操作步骤S500，在开关阀500开启的时候将油供应至腔室700(图4)，并且在提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b之间没有油压力差的时候释放锁定销300。
如图1中最佳可见，在中间相位CVVT系统中，从油控制阀(OCV)900供应油以控制锁定销300。从OCV900供应的油被供到阀门柱100。由此，阀门柱100的滑阀110工作，从而使得在滑阀110和阀门柱100的外表面之间形成油通路800，油通过该油通路800供应至锁定销300和开关阀500。以这种方式，实施供应油的操作步骤S100，油供应到锁定销300和开关阀500。
如上所述，开关阀500打开或者关闭油通路800，从OCV900供应的油沿着油通路800移动。当油通路800打开的时候，油能够同时被供应到锁定销300和开关阀500两者。在该实施方案中，尽管已经示出油通过OCV900供应，但是在需要时油也可以通过汽缸体或汽缸盖、或者凸轮轴而供应。根据设计条件可以以各种方式变换这种修改形式。
在开启开关阀的操作步骤S300中，开关阀500通过在供应油的操作步骤S100中供应的油的压力而逐步开启。优选地是，开关阀500通过油压力而开启，并且在油压力消除时，开关阀500通过设置在开关阀500中的开关阀弹簧510而弹性地返回至开关阀500的原始状态。在开关阀500中，可以通过调整开关阀弹簧510(图3)的刚度来控制开关阀500开启或者关闭的定时。这样的话，在本发明中，可以通过调整弹簧310和弹簧510的刚度来分别控制锁定销300和开关阀500开启的定时。
当开关阀500在开启开关阀的操作步骤S300中开启时，油供应到腔室700(图4)。在此，在提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b中，调整OCV900的工作值(duty value)从而使得油能够被平稳地供应至腔室700。在提前腔室700a与滞后腔室700b之间的油压力差变为零或者接近零的时候，通过供应的油将锁定销300从锁定销孔330移除，从而释放锁定状态。以这种方法，实施释放锁定销的操作步骤S500。
在锁定销300上设置锁定销弹簧310。锁定销300通过自锁操作而弹性地插入到锁定销孔330中。当需要解除锁定状态时，利用从OCV900供应的油压力。在常规技术中，即使是在腔室700(提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b)之间存在油压力差时，也可以解除锁定销的锁定状态。在这种情况下，侧向力可能施加至锁定销，从而可能导致解除锁定状态失效。此外，由于解除锁定状态失效而在锁定销上持续累积疲劳。锁定销可能通过累积的疲劳而变形或者损坏。为了克服这个问题，本发明构造为使得油能够平稳地供向提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b，从而使得在腔室700(提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b)中的压力能够变为彼此相等。因此，消除施加至锁定销300的侧向力，从而能够使锁定销300被轻易地从锁定销孔330移除。从而，能够解决锁定销300由于释放锁定销300失效在锁定销300上累积的疲劳而变形或者损坏的问题。
特别地，为了去除施加至锁定销300的侧向力，将油压力平稳地分布至提前腔室700a和滞后腔室700b很重要。为此，开关阀500在油压力施加至锁定销300之前开启，从而使得油通路800形成单一的封闭回路。这样，根据帕斯卡定律，就能够维持油通路800中的压力稳定。
为了实现上述目的，开关阀500必须在锁定销300的锁定状态解除之前开启。为了在锁定销300的锁定状态解除之前开启开关阀500，油压力必须能够轻易地克服开关阀弹簧510(开关阀弹簧510在开关阀500关闭的方向上使开关阀500弹性地偏置)的刚度。因此，将设置在开关阀500上的开关阀弹簧510的刚度设定得相对较软。详细说来，开关阀弹簧510的刚度设定得小于设置在锁定销300上的锁定销弹簧310的刚度。在这种情况下，尽管将相同的油压力施加至开关阀500和锁定销300，锁定销300的锁定状态也会在开关阀500开启之后解除。
特别地，更准确地来说，设置在开关阀50上的开关阀弹簧510的最大刚度设定得小于设置在锁定销300上的锁定销弹簧310的最小刚度。因此，对开关阀500的开启总是先于对锁定销300的锁定状态的解除。因此，当锁定销300的锁定状态解除的时候，侧向力(在常规技术中在锁定销300上形成)得以消除。结果是，本发明能消除失效从而释放锁定状态，并且从根本上防止锁定销300变形或者损坏。
如上所述，在根据本发明的控制CVVT系统的锁定销的方法中，设置在开关阀上的开关阀弹簧和设置在锁定销上的锁定销弹簧设定为，开关阀弹簧的刚度小于锁定销弹簧的刚度。因此，开启开关阀总是先于解除锁定销的锁定状态。特别地，设置在开关阀上的开关阀弹簧的最大刚度设定得小于设置在锁定销上的锁定销弹簧的最小刚度。从而开关阀能够总是在锁定销的锁定状态解除之前开启。因此，本发明能够消除侧向力(在常规技术中在锁定销上形成)，从而消除失效而解除锁定状态并且从根本上防止锁定销变形或者损坏。
尽管出于说明的目的已公开了本发明的示例性实施方案，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，在不脱离所附权利要求中所公开的本发明的范围和精神的情况下，各种修改、增加和删减都是可能的。

Claims (8)

1.一种控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，包括如下步骤：
供应油的操作步骤，利用吸进连续可变气门正时系统的油操作阀门柱的滑阀，将油供应到锁定销和开关阀；
开启开关阀的操作步骤，利用在供应油的操作步骤中供应的油的压力开启开关阀；
释放锁定销的操作步骤，在开关阀开启的时候将油供应到腔室，并且当在提前腔室和滞后腔室之间没有油压力差的时候释放锁定销。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，所述供应油的操作步骤包括，从油控制阀供应油并且形成通过阀门柱的油通路，以将油供应至所述锁定销和所述开关阀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，所述释放锁定销的操作步骤包括，调整所述油控制阀的工作值，以将油平稳地供应至所述提前腔室和所述滞后腔室。
4.根据权利要求1所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，开关阀弹簧设置在所述开关阀上，锁定销弹簧设置在所述锁定销上，并且所述弹簧设定为所述开关阀弹簧的刚度小于所述锁定销弹簧的刚度，以使对所述开关阀的开启先于对所述锁定销的释放。
5.根据权利要求1所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，设置在所述开关阀上的所述开关阀弹簧的最大刚度设定为小于设置在所述锁定销上的锁定销弹簧的最小刚度，以使对所述开关阀的开启先于对所述锁定销的释放。
6.一种控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，所述连续可变气门正时系统吸入油，所述连续可变气门正时系统包括具有滑阀的阀门柱、锁定销、开关阀和具有提前腔室和滞后腔室的腔室，所述方法包括如下步骤：
利用油来操作所述阀门柱的滑阀；
将油供应至所述锁定销和所述开关阀；
通过利用供应至所述锁定销和所述开关阀的油而开启所述开关阀；
在所述开关阀开启的时候，将油供应至所述腔室；
当在所述提前腔室和所述滞后腔室之间没有油压力差的时候，释放所述锁定销。
7.根据权利要求6所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，开关阀弹簧设置在所述开关阀上，锁定销弹簧设置在所述锁定销上，并且其中所述弹簧设定为所述开关阀弹簧的刚度小于所述锁定销弹簧的刚度，以使对所述开关阀的开启先于对所述锁定销的释放。
8.根据权利要求6所述的控制连续可变气门正时系统的锁定销的方法，其中，设置在所述开关阀上的所述开关阀弹簧的最大刚度设定为小于设置在所述锁定销上的锁定销弹簧的最小刚度，以使开启所述开关阀先于释放所述锁定销。
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