CN106285732B - A kind of big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method of underground chamber - Google Patents
A kind of big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method of underground chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285732B CN106285732B CN201610752992.2A CN201610752992A CN106285732B CN 106285732 B CN106285732 B CN 106285732B CN 201610752992 A CN201610752992 A CN 201610752992A CN 106285732 B CN106285732 B CN 106285732B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of big duck eye diameters of underground chamber to penetrate through excavation construction method, belongs to Construction Technology field.The present invention is to solve duck eye diameter cavern excavation to penetrate through Forming Quality, pass through optimum blast design, using not coupling short-delay blasting mode, controlled loading of explosive amount, duck eye diameter cavern's advanced excavation runs through big cavern, and big cavern reserves coating, radiates smooth surface blast hole later, it controls explosion in the form of intermediate kerve, explosion to be split to vibrate and disturb, so that reaching big small cavities' perforation excavates molding effect.The features such as technical solution of the present invention is reasonable, and explosion design safety is practical, and cavern's opening shaping is high-quality, can be effectively controlled out break and rock blasting loosening, and construction technology quality is guaranteed is suitable for the big small cavities' perforation Excavation blasting control construction of underground chamber.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Construction Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of underground chamber big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction side
Method is suitable for Underground Engineering Blasting excavation construction.
Background technique
With the development of human society, underground engineering will be increasingly used in each neck of national economy capital construction
Domain uses underground chamber in the engineering constructions such as water conservancy and hydropower, highway, railway, oil depot more and more.
Before the 1960s, Underground Engineering Excavation is with hand air drill pore-creating, free explosion；The initial stage eighties, in Xi Er
River power station, the power station fishing Zi Xi, Baishan Hydroelectric Power Station construction in, use photoface exploision；To after 1985, draw in infectious coryza lattice power station
In water tunnel excavation, using drill jumbo, non-electric ms detonator, full*.face smooth blasting, average drill footage per month 231m, the highest moon are created
The record of drilling depth 373.5m.It promotes, obtains in the tunnel excavation of the engineerings such as the power station Man Wan, Guangzhou Pump-Storaged Plant in succession
Preferable achievement, makes China's underground engineering construction reach a new level.
With drilling machine, explosive and drill bursting technology, and the development of " New Austrian Tunneling Method " construction technology, bolt-spary supports are made
For the long lining cutting of water, Underground powerhouse excavation uses heading blast, Rock Crane Rail Support foundation excavation, photoface exploision, presplit blasting, buffering
Blasting technique is widely used in underground engineering.
Traditional big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method of underground chamber is Xian Kai great Dong diameter cavern, then again towards duck eye diameter hole
Room is excavated, this makes it difficult to control blasting vibration and rock relaxation zone, cavern's opening shaping of formation is second-rate.In Underground Tunnels
During fine explosion key technology research is excavated in room, to ensure underground chamber opening shaping quality, it is quick-fried how to improve excavation light
Effect effectively controls blasting vibration and rock relaxation zone, and carrying out reasonable control to out break becomes critical issue.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is based on the deficiency during the fine blast working of underground powerhouse, to ensure big duck eye
Diameter cavern penetrates through Excavation blasting Forming Quality, provides a kind of big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method of underground chamber, the construction party
Method improves drill-blast tunnelling Forming Quality, and diameter molding in charge explosion hole meets design requirement, has reached expection to out break control
Effect.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method of underground chamber, steps are as follows: duck eye diameter cavern advanced excavation runs through
To great Dong diameter cavern, when backbreaking to the diameter cavern great Dong, need to reserve coating in great Dong diameter cavern, then in great Dong diameter cavern
It is interior to move towards kerve among direction along cavern, and intermediate kerve is connected with the part of backbreaking of duck eye diameter cavern；Later to pre-
It stays and carries out explosion to be split at coating, when explosion to be split, first radiate smooth surface blast hole, then using not coupling short-delay blasting mode
Explosion is carried out, finally to great Dong diameter cavern stage excavation.
It is further preferred that specific blasting construction method is as follows:
Step (1), wind, water, electricity are ready, and construction personnel, equipment prepare in place；
Step (2), measurement control: Traverse Network and construction survey are implemented by professional；Every artillery salvo is set according to explosion
Count parameter point cloth hole；Excavated section inspection carries out before spraying concrete, checks spacing 5m；The laggard row conductor point inspection of 3-5d and repetition measurement,
To ensure to measure control precision；
Step (3), every artillery salvo is checked by technician on duty by the requirement of " flat, straight, neat ", accomplishes that the bottom hole of blasthole is fallen
On the same vertical section as defined in explosion；Meanwhile the borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control；
Step (4), sweeps drilling with high-pressure blast punching before powder charge, and blasthole after qualification, can carry out charge explosion on inspection；Blasthole
Powder charge, blocking and blasting circuit on line should by it is qualified through examination and hold the big gun work of dynamiter's operation quality certification strictly by batch
Quasi- hole blasting design is applied, and strictly observes shotfiring safety operating instruction；
Using drilling platform powder charge, blast hole powder charge wants closely knit, and blocks well, is filled in strict accordance with explosion design drawing
Medicine is coupled initiation net with on-electric detonator, is finally checked and checked by big gun work and technician on duty, confirm it is errorless, evacuating people and
Equipment, big gun work are responsible for ignition；
Step (5) terminates starting ventilation equipment ventilation always to slagging tap after Excavation blasting, will have in 2h after guaranteeing explosion
Evil gas concentration drops in allowed band, to meet " water power construction of hydro project safety protection facility technical specification " (DL5162-
And the requirement of " hydraulic structure underground excavation project construction technique normalizing " (DL/T5099-2011) 2013)；
Step (6) removes remaining danger stone and fragment to guarantee the safety of personnel and equipment, carries out safety after slagging tap again
It checks and handles, check whether that there are also danger stones to exist；In the construction process, the abutment wall country rock for needing constantly to observe excavation section is steady
Pledge love condition, it is clear prize may slump, loosening sillar；
Step (7), slags tap and clear bottom: using 3m3Loading machine or 1.2m3Backhoe dress 20t dump truck is slagged tap；It slags tap and finishes
Working face accumulated slag is cleared out with backhoe afterwards, quick-fried operation is bored for subsequent cycle and is ready；
Step (8), surrounding rock supporting: excavating out one section of one section of supporting, forms multi-process parallel construction.
It is further preferred that step (2), when cloth hole, uses the air drill pore-creating of YT28 hand.
It is further preferred that step (3), the borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control, control hole to deviation be ± 2 °, hole
Position deviation ± 1cm.
It is further preferred that step (6), which removes remaining danger stone and fragment, can use backhoe or artificial.
Charge explosion of the present invention is all made of the method construction of delaying blasting.
When explosion of the present invention, explosion is controlled in the form of intermediate kerve, abutment wall photoface exploision to be split and vibrates and disturbs.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is to solve duck eye diameter cavern excavation to penetrate through Forming Quality, micro- using not coupling by optimum blast design
Poor blasting method, controlled loading of explosive amount, duck eye diameter cavern's advanced excavation run through big cavern, and big cavern reserves coating, abutment wall radiation
Photoface exploision hole, using intermediate kerve, the form of abutment wall explosion to be split is vibrated and is disturbed controlling explosion, to reach big duck eye
Molding effect is excavated in room perforation.
Construction method blast working Forming Quality of the present invention is good, and effectively control out break, construction safety are secure.It is suitable for
Underground chamber big duck eye in Construction Technology field penetrates through excavation construction.Compared with traditional excavation construction method, Mei Yipai
Big gun circulation can shift to an earlier date 3h completion, and entire engineering at least shifts to an earlier date 20 days, and cost can reduce 15%-20%.
Scheme is reasonable through the invention, and explosion design safety is practical, and hole is run through in opening shaping high-quality big small cavities in cavern's
It is high-quality that room light bursts into type, can be effectively controlled out break and country rock in-place blasting out circle.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the big duck eye diameter perforation excavation construction method sequence of construction plan view of underground chamber of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1；
Wherein, 1.-small cavities' advanced excavation construction, 2.-big cavern kerve step blast working, 3.-abutment wall radiate presplitting
Smooth Blasting Construction, 4.-cavern's stage excavation construction greatly；5. reserved coating；
Arrow direction is construction direction.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it should not be regarded as limiting this hair
Bright range.In the examples where no specific technique or condition is specified, according to the literature in the art, standardize described technology or
Condition is carried out according to product description.Production firm person is not specified in material therefor or instrument, is that can be obtained by purchase
The conventional products obtained.
As shown in Figure 1 and 2, a kind of big duck eye diameter of underground chamber penetrates through excavation construction method, and steps are as follows:
Duck eye diameter cavern advanced excavation is through to great Dong diameter cavern, when backbreaking to the diameter cavern great Dong, needs in big hole diameter hole
The reserved coating in interior, then moves towards kerve among direction along cavern in great Dong diameter cavern, and make intermediate kerve and duck eye
The part of backbreaking of diameter cavern is connected；Later to carrying out explosion to be split at reserved coating, when explosion to be split, it is quick-fried first to radiate smooth surface
Holes, then use does not couple short-delay blasting mode and carries out explosion, finally to great Dong diameter cavern stage excavation.
Specific blasting construction method is as follows:
Step (1), wind, water, electricity are ready, and construction personnel, equipment prepare in place；
Step (2), measurement control: Traverse Network and construction survey are implemented by professional；Every artillery salvo is set according to explosion
Count parameter point cloth hole；Excavated section inspection carries out before spraying concrete, checks spacing 5m；The laggard row conductor point inspection of 3-5d and repetition measurement,
To ensure to measure control precision；
Step (3), every artillery salvo is checked by technician on duty by the requirement of " flat, straight, neat ", accomplishes that the bottom hole of blasthole is fallen
On the same vertical section as defined in explosion；Meanwhile the borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control；
Step (4), sweeps drilling with high-pressure blast punching before powder charge, and blasthole after qualification, can carry out charge explosion on inspection；Blasthole
Powder charge, blocking and blasting circuit on line should by it is qualified through examination and hold the big gun work of dynamiter's operation quality certification strictly by batch
Quasi- hole blasting design is applied, and strictly observes shotfiring safety operating instruction；
Using drilling platform powder charge, blast hole powder charge wants closely knit, and blocks well, is filled in strict accordance with explosion design drawing
Medicine is coupled initiation net with on-electric detonator, is finally checked and checked by big gun work and technician on duty, confirm it is errorless, evacuating people and
Equipment, big gun work are responsible for ignition；
Step (5) terminates starting ventilation equipment ventilation always to slagging tap after Excavation blasting, will have in 2h after guaranteeing explosion
Evil gas concentration drops in allowed band, to meet " water power construction of hydro project safety protection facility technical specification " (DL5162-
And the requirement of " hydraulic structure underground excavation project construction technique normalizing " (DL/T5099-2011) 2013).
Step (6) removes remaining danger stone and fragment to guarantee the safety of personnel and equipment, carries out safety after slagging tap again
It checks and handles, check whether that there are also danger stones to exist；In the construction process, the abutment wall country rock for needing constantly to observe excavation section is steady
Pledge love condition, it is clear prize may slump, loosening sillar；
Step (7), slags tap and clear bottom: using 3m3Loading machine or 1.2m3Backhoe dress 20t dump truck is slagged tap；It slags tap and finishes
Working face accumulated slag is cleared out with backhoe afterwards, quick-fried operation is bored for subsequent cycle and is ready；
Step (8), surrounding rock supporting: excavating out one section of one section of supporting, forms multi-process parallel construction.
Preferred embodiment is step (2), and the air drill pore-creating of YT28 hand is used when cloth hole.
Preferred embodiment is step (3), the borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control, control hole to deviation be ± 2 °, hole location
Deviation ± 1cm.
Preferred embodiment is that step (6), which removes remaining danger stone and fragment, can use backhoe or artificial.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of big duck eye diameter of underground chamber penetrates through excavation construction method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows: duck eye diameter cavern is advanced
Excavation is through to great Dong diameter cavern, when backbreaking to the diameter cavern great Dong, needs to reserve coating in great Dong diameter cavern, then big
Kerve among direction is moved towards along cavern in the cavern Dong Jing, and intermediate kerve is connected with the part of backbreaking of duck eye diameter cavern；
Later to carrying out explosion to be split at reserved coating, when explosion to be split, smooth surface blast hole is first radiated, then using not coupling elementary errors
Blasting method carries out explosion, finally to great Dong diameter cavern stage excavation.
2. the big duck eye diameter of underground chamber according to claim 1 penetrates through excavation construction method, which is characterized in that specific explosion
Construction method is as follows:
Step (1), wind, water, electricity are ready, and construction personnel, equipment prepare in place；
Step (2), measurement control: Traverse Network and construction survey are implemented by professional；Every artillery salvo is designed according to explosion joins
Several cloth holes；Excavated section inspection carries out before spraying concrete, checks spacing 5m；The laggard row conductor point inspection of 3-5d and repetition measurement, with true
Protect measurement control precision；
Step (3), every artillery salvo is checked by technician on duty by the requirement of " flat, straight, neat ", and it is quick-fried to accomplish that the bottom hole of blasthole is fallen in
On the same vertical section as defined in broken；Meanwhile the borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control；
Step (4), sweeps drilling with high-pressure blast punching before powder charge, and blasthole after qualification, can carry out charge explosion on inspection；The dress of blasthole
The on line of medicine, blocking and blasting circuit should be by being examined qualified and holding the big gun work of dynamiter's operation quality certification strictly by approval
Hole blasting design is applied, and strictly observes shotfiring safety operating instruction；
Using drilling platform powder charge, blast hole powder charge wants closely knit, and blocks well, carries out powder charge in strict accordance with explosion design drawing,
It is coupled initiation net with on-electric detonator, is finally checked and checked by big gun work and technician on duty, confirm errorless, evacuating people and sets
Standby, big gun work is responsible for ignition；
Step (5) terminates starting ventilation equipment ventilation always to slagging tap after Excavation blasting, guarantees harmful gas after explosion in 2h
Bulk concentration drops in allowed band；
Step (6) removes remaining danger stone and fragment to guarantee the safety of personnel and equipment, carries out safety inspection after slagging tap again
And processing, check whether that there are also danger stones to exist；In the construction process, need constantly to observe the abutment wall adjoining rock stability feelings of excavation section
Condition, the clear sillar for prizing possible slump, loosening；
Step (7), slags tap and clear bottom: using 3m3Loading machine or 1.2m3Backhoe dress 20t dump truck is slagged tap；It is used after slagging tap
Backhoe clears out working face accumulated slag, bores quick-fried operation for subsequent cycle and is ready；
Step (8), surrounding rock supporting: excavating out one section of one section of supporting, forms multi-process parallel construction.
3. the big duck eye diameter of underground chamber according to claim 2 penetrates through excavation construction method, which is characterized in that step (2),
The air drill pore-creating of YT28 hand is used when cloth hole.
4. the big duck eye diameter of underground chamber according to claim 2 penetrates through excavation construction method, which is characterized in that step (3)
The borehole accuracy of the pre- ceasma of strict control, control hole to deviation be ± 2 °, hole location deviation ± 1cm.
5. the big duck eye diameter of underground chamber according to claim 2 penetrates through excavation construction method, which is characterized in that step (6)
Backhoe or artificial can be used by removing remaining danger stone and fragment.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109322683A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-12 | 临沂会宝岭铁矿有限公司 | Underground Large chamber medium-length hole controls blasting construction method |
| CN109488347B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江省隧道工程集团有限公司 | Excavation construction method for special stratum chamber |
| CN110107323B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-12-29 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Excavation and support construction method for first-hole and later-wall type crossed hole |
| CN111663946B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-03-22 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | Variable-diameter excavation method for cavern |
| CN112065470B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-15 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Cave depot tank body excavation method |
| CN112065401B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-06-17 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Large-diameter vertical cavity excavation method |
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