CN106285702B

CN106285702B - tunnel boring machine

Info

Publication number: CN106285702B
Application number: CN201610783810.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞香; 程永亮; 郑大桥; 何其平; 彭正阳; 杨慧星; 梁海斌
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-31
Filing date: 2016-08-31
Publication date: 2019-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-31
Also published as: CN106285702A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel boring machine which is suitable for excavating tunnels having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0 m. The tunnel boring machine includes: a main drive mechanism for driving the cutterhead, the main drive mechanism including a plurality of drive force source assemblies, a drive mechanism driven by the plurality of drive force source assemblies, and a cutterhead connected to the drive mechanism, a shield circumferentially surrounding the main drive mechanism, the shield having a housing which varies in size to accommodate the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated. When the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is between 8.2m and 9.0m, only a partial structure of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention needs to be changed without an overall change, which can achieve versatility of major components and greatly shorten a design and manufacturing period and production costs.

Description

tunnel boring machine

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a tunnel boring machine.

background

With the rapid development of national economy, the urbanization process is accelerated continuously, which results in that tunnel projects such as urban subway tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, river-crossing tunnels, railway tunnels, highway tunnels, municipal pipelines and the like in China need a large number of tunnel boring machines. The tunnel boring machine is a tunnel construction major technical device which is highly intelligent and integrates mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, optical and computer technologies. The tunnel boring machine is industrialized in China, so that the situation that foreign enterprises are unified in the domestic market can be broken, the development of relevant industries such as electromechanics, hydraulics, materials, sensors and the like can be promoted and driven, the comprehensive strength of the equipment manufacturing industry is enhanced, and the competitiveness of important equipment in China in the international market is improved.

generally, a tunnel boring machine is tailored according to a tunnel construction object. However, tunnel boring machines are complicated in structure and have many parts, which results in long design and manufacturing cycles and very high production costs. On the premise of satisfying the differentiation of customized products, how to satisfy the requirements of realizing the universality of main parts and shortening the design and manufacturing period and the production cost is a major subject to be faced at present.

disclosure of Invention

in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a tunnel boring machine which is suitable for excavating tunnels having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0 m. When the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is between 8.2m and 9.0m, only a partial structure of such a tunnel boring machine needs to be changed without an overall change, which can achieve versatility of major components and greatly shorten a design and manufacturing period and production costs.

A tunnel boring machine according to the present invention comprises a main drive mechanism for driving a cutter head, the main drive mechanism comprising a plurality of drive force source assemblies, a drive mechanism driven by the plurality of drive force source assemblies, and a cutter head connected to the drive mechanism, a shield circumferentially surrounding the main drive mechanism, the shield having a housing which varies in size to accommodate the diameter of a tunnel to be excavated.

When the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is used to excavate a tunnel having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0m, the shell of the shield can be replaced so that the replaced shell can be brought into contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, but other parts related to the shield shell do not need to be replaced, thereby achieving the versatility of the main parts and greatly shortening the design and manufacturing period and the production cost.

In one embodiment, the plurality of drive power source assemblies each include an electric motor and a gearbox connected to the electric motor, and the transmission mechanism includes a ring gear driven by the plurality of gearboxes and a deck carrier connected to the ring gear. In a preferred embodiment, the number of the plurality of motors is 12, and each motor has a power of 350 Kw. In one embodiment, the drive mechanism further comprises a main bearing for carrying thrust from the cutterhead, the main bearing being disposed between the cutterhead carrier and the gearbox. Preferably, the diameter of the main bearing is 5.3 m. The applicant has found that such a combined motor can provide sufficient power to the cutterhead to drill into the ground when excavating a tunnel of 8.2m to 9.0m diameter. The main bearing with the diameter of 5.3m can also bear the extrusion force from the cutter head, so that the tunnel boring machine can smoothly dig the tunnel. Thus, when the diameter of the tunnel varies between 8.2m and 9.0m, the motors and main bearings do not need to be changed, which greatly simplifies the design of the tunnel boring machine and reduces the production costs and cycle time of the tunnel boring machine.

In one embodiment, the housing is composed of a plurality of housing portions overlapping each other, and a shield cylinder for driving the plurality of housing portions is provided inside the housing. The shield oil cylinder can push the shell part outwards and tightly abut against the tunnel wall, so that primary support for the tunnel wall is realized.

In one embodiment, the tunnel to be excavated is resized by fixedly positioning a new housing part on the outer surface of each of the plurality of housing parts when the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is increased by an amount of between 50mm and 500mm as compared to the design of the tunnel boring machine to fit the diameter of the tunnel. In a preferred embodiment, there is a gap between the housing part and the new housing part, in which gap a plurality of support ribs are arranged. In this way the dimensions, in particular the diameter, of the outer shell of the shield can be changed very simply, and the plurality of support ribs enables the new outer shell to withstand the pressure in the tunnel. This greatly reduces the number of replacement parts and the cost and time consumption is also greatly reduced. Furthermore, by adjusting the gap between the housing part and the new housing part, the size of the housing can be further adjusted, thereby enlarging the tunnel diameter to which the tunnel boring machine can be adapted.

In one embodiment, the cutterhead includes a center block and a plurality of side blocks that are removable, and a plurality of cutters are mounted on the center block and the side blocks. The diameter of the cutter head can be conveniently changed by changing the cutter head to adapt to the tunnel to be excavated. In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of edge blocks is four in number and identical in shape. The edge blocks are identical in shape, which greatly facilitates the batch production of the edge blocks and facilitates the replacement of the edge blocks by users.

In one embodiment, the cross section of the central block is a square with four chamfers, the four chamfers are identical with each other, and a seam of the central block and any one edge block is composed of an edge of the square, a part of a first chamfer edge connected with the edge of the square and a part of a second chamfer edge. This facilitates the snap-fit positioning of the edge blocks with the center block.

in one embodiment, in the seam, the side of the square is a first mating side, one of a portion of the first chamfered side and a portion of the second chamfered side is a second mating side, and the other is an adjustment side. The first matching edge and the second matching edge mean that the edge block is tightly matched with the central block. The adjusting edge means that the matching between the edge block and the central block can be adjusted, so that the edge block and the central block can be firmly assembled together even if the size of the edge block has slight error.

In one embodiment, the plurality of knives are arranged along a centerline and diagonal of the perimeter of the square, and the knives are offset from the seam between adjacent edge blocks. Therefore, the cutters are uniformly distributed on the cutter head, so that the cutter head is uniformly stressed.

in one embodiment, the tunnel boring machine further comprises an axially arranged main beam, the main driving mechanism is arranged in front of the main beam, a propelling assembly is hinged to the middle of the main beam, and a supporting assembly is fixedly arranged on the main beam and comprises a saddle frame which is slidably bridged on the main beam, a supporting shoe oil cylinder is connected with the saddle frame in a hanging mode, supporting shoes are installed at the end portions of extension rods of the supporting shoe oil cylinders, the propelling assembly is hinged to the supporting shoes, and the supporting shoes can change according to the diameter of a tunnel to be excavated. In a preferred embodiment, a reducing plate is fixedly arranged on the original supporting shoe to adapt to the diameter change of the tunnel. The supporting shoes are used for supporting the tunnel wall during the tunneling process of the tunnel boring machine. The applicant has found that a tunnel having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0m can be readily accommodated by merely changing the shoe without changing the shoe cylinder and other associated components, which greatly simplifies the design and manufacture of the tunnel boring machine.

In one embodiment, the number of the supporting shoe oil cylinders is two, the cylinder bottoms of the two supporting shoe oil cylinders are connected with each other, and the extending rods of the two supporting shoe oil cylinders are in the same straight line and extend towards opposite directions. In this way, the two shoe cylinders can be serviced separately and one can be serviced or replaced separately if necessary while the other is unaffected, which reduces maintenance costs.

In one embodiment, the support assembly further comprises a pin assembly, the pin assembly comprises a transverse connecting plate arranged between the bottoms of the two shoe supporting oil cylinders, two ends of the transverse connecting plate are connected with saddles respectively, the pin assembly further comprises a vertical pin, the vertical pin vertically extends through a mounting hole arranged in the middle of the transverse connecting plate in a clearance fit mode, and two ends of the vertical pin are connected with the two shoe supporting oil cylinders respectively through connecting plates. The vertical pin and the connecting plate of the pin assembly connect the two shoe supporting oil cylinders into a whole, so that relative motion between the two shoe supporting oil cylinders is avoided. The two shoe supporting oil cylinders and the saddle are connected into a whole by the transverse connecting plate of the pin component, so that the two shoe supporting oil cylinders and the saddle are prevented from moving relatively in the axial direction. Thus, when the propulsion assembly propels the main beam forwards, the two supporting shoe oil cylinders can synchronously move forwards. In addition, the vertical pin is in clearance fit with the mounting hole in the transverse connecting plate, so that the tunnel boring machine can be adjusted up and down according to requirements.

in one embodiment, the cross-linked plates have a central portion with a dimension greater than the dimensions of the two end portions and a smooth transition from the central portion to the end portions. The installation holes of the transverse connecting plates are subjected to the extrusion force from the vertical pins, so that the transverse connecting plates are constructed to have a middle part with a larger size than two end parts, so that the strength of the transverse connecting plates can be improved. Furthermore, a smooth transition from the middle to the end portions avoids stress concentrations on the cross webs.

In a preferred embodiment, a connecting block is arranged between the cylinder bottoms of the two supporting shoe oil cylinders, a transverse hole and a longitudinal hole are formed in the connecting block in an intersecting mode, a transverse connecting plate penetrates through the transverse hole, a vertical pin penetrates through the longitudinal hole, and the connecting plate is located outside the connecting block. Through setting up the connecting block, can conveniently adjust two distances that prop between the boots to make two prop the diameter that the boots can adapt to the tunnel of waiting to excavate better. Furthermore, the cross plates and the vertical pins are mostly inside the connecting block, thus avoiding its damage from the external environment. In addition, the connecting block is also favorable for connecting the two supporting shoe oil cylinders together, so that the stress condition of the connecting plate is reduced.

In one embodiment, a steel arch mounting mechanism is provided on the main beam, adjacent behind the shield. The steel arch frame installation mechanism comprises an inner gear ring-shaped rotating ring and a plurality of supporting wheels which are matched with the rotating ring in a meshing manner, and the plurality of supporting wheels are fixed on the main beam. When the supporting section steel is installed, a plurality of supporting section steel sections are firstly arranged on the rotating ring, spliced into an arc and then installed on the tunnel wall.

In one embodiment, a plurality of hooks for bearing the supporting section steel are installed on the rotating ring at intervals, each hook comprises a hook body, a first extending portion of each hook body is fixedly connected with the rotating ring, a second extending portion of each hook body is used for bearing the weight of the supporting section steel, an auxiliary hook is further installed on each hook body, each auxiliary hook is parallel to the corresponding second extending portion, the first end portion of each auxiliary hook is hinged to the corner of each hook body, and a tensioning hook assembly capable of being connected with the corresponding hook body is arranged at the second end portion of each auxiliary hook. According to this structure, after the supporting section steel is placed on the hook, the supporting section steel can be stably held on the hook by the rotatable auxiliary hook and the tightening hook assembly being coupled to the hook main body. Moreover, when the supporting section steel needs to be released, only the tensioning hook assembly needs to be separated from the hook main body, so that the operation of a user is facilitated.

In one embodiment, an anchor rod drilling machine assembly is further arranged on the main beam and comprises two arc-shaped rails symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main beam and two drilling machines which respectively move along the two arc-shaped rails through an annular travelling mechanism. The drilling machine is used for drilling holes in the tunnel wall and applying reinforcing materials such as steel bars to the inside of the tunnel wall so as to reinforce the strength of the tunnel wall. By providing two arcuate tracks, the drill can drill holes into various locations on a circumference of the tunnel wall.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the whole tunnel boring machine can be conveniently used for excavating any tunnel with the diameter of 8.2m to 9.0m only by simply modifying the shield shell and the supporting shoes of the tunnel boring machine without modifying other parts of the tunnel boring machine, thereby greatly simplifying the design and the manufacture of the tunnel boring machine.

Drawings

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

Figure 1 shows schematically the overall construction of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

Figure 2 shows schematically the main drive mechanism of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

Figure 3 shows schematically the construction of a shield for a tunnel boring machine according to the invention;

Figure 4 shows schematically the construction of a cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

figure 5 shows schematically the structure of a main beam of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;

3 FIG. 37 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 35 3; 3

figure 8 shows schematically a steel arch mounting mechanism of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8;

Figure 10 schematically illustrates a jumbolter assembly of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

figure 11 shows schematically a shoe of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

figure 12 shows schematically a reducer plate of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention;

figure 13 shows schematically the shoe of the tunnel boring machine according to the present invention after reducing;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 15 schematically illustrates in top plan view the assembled relationship of the propulsion assembly, the support assembly, the saddle and the pin assembly;

FIG. 16 schematically illustrates the construction of a hanger according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a side view of FIG. 16;

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of fig. 16.

In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a tunnel boring machine 10 includes a cutterhead 1, a shield 2, a main drive mechanism 3, a main beam 7, and a plurality of other structures or components, such as a steel arch mounting mechanism 4 and a jumbolter assembly 5, disposed along an axis 11, and disposed at the main beam 7.

The cutterhead 1 is at the forefront of the tunnel boring machine 10 and is used to drill into the earth. The main drive mechanism 3 is used to apply a driving force to the cutter head 1. The shield 2 is intended to initially support the tunnel wall of the tunnel just drilled. And a steel arch mounting mechanism 4 which is adjacent to the shield 2 and arranged at the rear is used for supporting the tunnel. The jumbolter assembly 5 arranged behind the steel arch mounting mechanism 4 is used for drilling holes into the tunnel wall and inserting reinforcements such as steel bars and the like so as to further reinforce the tunnel wall.

The various components of the tunnel boring machine 10 are described separately below.

Fig. 4 schematically shows the construction of the cutter head 1. The cutterhead 1 includes a central block 41 and four identical side blocks 42. A plurality of cutters 45 are arranged on the center block 41 and the side blocks 42. It should be understood that the number of edge blocks 42 may be greater. The center block 41 is connected to the main drive mechanism 3 to receive power. The edge blocks 42 are replaceable to accommodate excavation of tunnels between 8.2m and 9.0m in diameter. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the central block 41 is a rotationally symmetrical square shape with four chamfers 43, the four chamfers 43 being identical to each other. The shape of the edge blocks 42 matches the shape of the central block 41 to facilitate snap-fit positioning. In another embodiment the ratio of the cross-section of the centre piece 41 to the cross-sectional area of the cutterhead 1 is 3: 5. The applicant has found that a central block 41 of such a size can receive sufficient torque without deformation when excavating a tunnel having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0 m.

as also shown in fig. 4, the joint of the center block 41 and the edge block 43 is composed of a square edge 44 and a portion of the first chamfered edge 431 and a portion of the second chamfered edge 432, as viewed in cross section. Applicants have innovatively configured the square edge 44 as a first mating edge, a portion of the first chamfered edge 431 as a second mating edge, and a portion of the second chamfered edge 432 as an adjustment edge. Thus, the engagement of the edge block 43 with the center block 41 at the edge 44 and the first chamfer 431 is a close fit, while the engagement at the second chamfer edge 432 is adjustable so that the edge block 43 can be properly mounted on the center block 41 even with slight dimensional tolerances, which facilitates the production of the edge block 43. It should be understood that the first chamfered edge 431 may be used as the adjusting edge and the second chamfered edge 432 may be used as the matching edge. In addition, the mounting manner of the other edge blocks and the central block 41 is completely the same, and the description thereof is omitted.

As also shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of cutters 45 are arranged along a centerline 46 and diagonal 47 of side 44 of the square. That is, the plurality of cutters 45 are arranged in a substantially "m" shape. In this way, the cutters 45 are uniformly distributed on the cutter head 1, so that the stress on the cutter head 1 is relatively uniform. The knife 45 is offset from the seam 48 between adjacent edge blocks 43. This means that the mating edges of the edge blocks 43 are asymmetrically shaped, which allows the assembler to quickly mount the edge blocks 43 onto the center block 41 in the correct manner.

Fig. 2 schematically shows the main drive 3. As shown in fig. 2, the main drive mechanism 3 includes twelve motors 21 arranged in the circumferential direction. The motor 21 is selected as a variable frequency motor with a power of 350 Kw. Twelve motors 21 are respectively connected with a speed reducer 22 and a gear 23 in a gearbox 24. The gear 23 meshes with a ring gear 25. The ring gear 25 is in turn connected to the cutter head carrier 27. The cutterhead 1 is mounted on a cutterhead carrier 27. Thereby, the main driving mechanism 3 drives the cutter head 1.

In order to avoid that the ring gear 25 and the gear 23 receive the thrust from the cutterhead 1, a main bearing 26 and balls 28 are mounted between the cutterhead carrier 27 and the outer wall of the gearbox 24 to transmit the thrust to the gearbox 24. The main bearings 26 and the balls 28 serve to reduce friction. In one embodiment, the main bearing 26 is configured to have a diameter of 5.3 m.

Fig. 3 schematically shows the shield 2. The shield 2 includes a housing 31 and a shield cylinder 32 provided inside the housing 31 for driving the housing 31. The housing 31 is formed by a plurality of housing parts 33 overlapping each other, and therefore the number of shield cylinders 32 is correspondingly plural to drive these housing parts 33.

the size of the shield 2 (or the casing 31) can also be increased by fixedly mounting a new casing part 35 on the casing part 33 to make the tunnel boring machine 10 suitable for excavating any tunnels between 8.2m and 9.0m in diameter. Preferably, the tunnel to be excavated is resized by fixedly locating a new housing part 35 on the outer surface of the housing part 33 when the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is increased by an amount between 50mm and 500mm compared to the design of the tunnel boring machine 10 to fit the diameter of the tunnel. In particular, for tunnel boring machines that are used repeatedly, it is extremely convenient in this way to adapt the tunnel boring machine to a new tunnel to be excavated. As shown in fig. 3, a gap 36 exists between the housing portion 33 and the new housing portion 35, and a plurality of support ribs 37 are provided in the gap 36. By adjusting the size of the gap 36, the diameter of the housing 31 after the new housing portion 35 is provided can be easily adjusted.

Figure 5 shows schematically the main beam 7 of the tunnel boring machine 10. The motor 21 of the main drive mechanism 3 is mounted on the front end 511 of the main beam 7. On the middle part 512 of the girder 7, there are provided a propulsion assembly 52 and a support assembly 753, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. In one embodiment, propulsion assembly 52 is a propulsion cylinder. The connecting rod 53 of the propulsion cylinder 52 is articulated with the main beam 7 and the propulsion cylinder 52 is articulated with the support assembly 753. Preferably, the thrust cylinders 52 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the main beam 7. The main beam 7 can be pushed to advance by retracting and extending the connecting rod 53 from the cylinder body of the propulsion oil cylinder 52, and the cutter disc 1 is further pushed to advance. It should be understood that fig. 6 shows the operation of the thrust cylinder 52 with the two thrust cylinders in different states.

The support assembly 753 includes a saddle 54 slidably straddling the main beam 7, and a shoe cylinder 71 positioned beneath the main beam 7 and suspended from the saddle 54. A shoe 73 is attached to an end of the extension rod 72 of the shoe cylinder 71. In this case, the propulsion cylinder 52 is articulated with the shoe 73. In the present embodiment, the number of the shoe supporting cylinders 71 is two, and the cylinder bottoms of the two shoe supporting cylinders 71 are connected to each other. Thus, the extension rods 72 of the two shoe cylinders 71 are in the same line and extend in opposite directions. At the end of each extension bar 72 is mounted a shoe 73, so that the two shoes 73 are symmetrically located on either side of the main beam 7. Symmetrical shoes 73 are supported on the tunnel wall 1004 to ensure that the main beams 7 are always advanced in the correct direction. In the process of pushing the main beam 7, firstly, two supporting shoes 73 are supported on the tunnel wall 1004, and the connecting rod 53 of the pushing cylinder 52 extends out of the cylinder body so as to push the main beam 7 to slide forwards relative to the saddle 54. Next, the two shoes 73 are separated from the tunnel wall 1004, the connecting rods 53 of the thrust cylinders 52 are retracted into the cylinders to draw the shoes 73 forward, and the saddle 54 and the shoe cylinders 71 are also moved forward. This achieves forward propulsion of the tunnel boring machine 10.

to ensure that both shoe cylinders 71 move in unison with the saddle 54 at all times, the support assembly 753 also includes a pin assembly. As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the pin assembly includes a cross-linking plate 1601 which is disposed between the bottoms of the two shoe cylinders 71, and both ends of the cross-linking plate 1601 are connected to the saddles 54. A vertically extending mounting hole 1603 is provided in the middle of the cross-linking plate 1601. The pin assembly also includes a vertical pin 1501 that extends through the mounting hole 1603 in a clearance fit. Two ends of the vertical pin 1501 are respectively fixedly connected with the two shoe supporting oil cylinders 71 through the connecting plates 1502. Thus, the two shoe cylinders 71 are integrated with the saddle 54 by the connection of the cross connecting plate 1601, the vertical pin 1501 and the connecting plate 1502. When the thrust cylinder 52 pulls the two shoe supports 73 forward, the two shoe support cylinders 71 and the saddle 54 are ensured to move forward synchronously.

Preferably, the size of the middle portion of the cross-linking plate 1601 (i.e., where the mounting hole 1603 is located) is larger than the size of the two end portions, and the transition from the middle portion to the end portions is smooth. As a whole, the cross-linked plates 1601 are fishtail-shaped, which can avoid stress concentration on the cross-linked plates 1601.

in one embodiment, a connecting block 75 is mounted between the bottoms of the two shoe cylinders 71. This increases the distance between the two shoes 73, which further accommodates the diameter of the new tunnel to be excavated. In this case, a transverse bore 1503 and a longitudinal bore 1504 are formed in the connecting piece 75 in an alternating manner. The cross-link plate 1601 passes through the cross-hole 1503, the vertical pin 1501 passes through the longitudinal hole 1504, and the link plate 1502 is outside the link block 75.

for a tunnel boring machine which is to be reused, a reducing plate 1301 may be fixedly provided on the outer surface of the shoe 73 to change its size to accommodate the diameter of a new tunnel to be excavated. As shown in fig. 11, the shoe 73 includes a base 1201 and an arcuate plate 1203 connected to the base 1201 by a support 1202. The curved plates 1203 are intended to bear against the tunnel wall. The arc plate 1203 is provided with a threaded hole 1204, and the reducing plate 1301 is also provided with a threaded hole 1302 corresponding to the threaded hole 1204, so that the size of the shoe can be changed by installing the reducing plate 1301 on the arc plate 1203 through the bolt 1401. In one embodiment, the reducer plate 1301 is a steel plate with a thickness of 50 mm. When a new tunnel is to be excavated using the tunnel boring machine 10 with the shoe 73, one or more diameter-changing plates 1301 (see figure 13) may be conveniently mounted on the arcuate plates 1203 as required to accommodate the new tunnel to be excavated.

In one embodiment, two torque cylinders 74 are mounted on the saddle 54, and two shoe cylinders 71 are connected to the extending rods of the two torque cylinders 74, respectively, so that the shoe cylinders 71 are connected to the saddle 54 in a suspended manner. The height of the shoe supporting cylinder 71 can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the extending length of the extending rod of the torque cylinder 74, so that the supporting position of the shoe supporting 73 on the tunnel wall can be adjusted.

Figures 8 and 9 show the steel arch mounting mechanism 4 of the tunnel boring machine 10. The steel arch mounting mechanism 4 is arranged behind the shield 2 in a close proximity manner to support the excavated tunnel wall. As shown in fig. 8, the steel arch mounting mechanism 4 includes a rotating ring 81 and a plurality of idlers 82 that are engaged with the rotating ring 81, and the plurality of idlers 82 are mounted on the main beam 7. The rotating ring 81 is formed in a ring gear shape having teeth on the inner surface thereof, and the idler 82 is also in gear engagement with the rotating ring 81. Preferably, a plurality of hooks 1701 are mounted on the rotating ring 81 at intervals for carrying the supporting section steel (as shown in fig. 8 and 9). When installing the supporting section steel, a plurality of supporting section steel segments are first set on the hook 1701 of the rotating ring 81 and spliced into an arc, and then installed on the tunnel wall by the tightening arms 85.

fig. 16, 17 and 18 show an exemplary configuration of the hook 1701. As shown in fig. 18, the hook 1701 includes a hook body 1901. The hook body 1901 is substantially L-shaped and has a first extension 1902 fixedly connected to the rotating ring 81 and a second extension 1903 for carrying the weight of the supporting section steel 1904. The hook 1701 also includes an auxiliary hook 1702. Preferably, the auxiliary hooks 1702 are two in number and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hook body 1901, as shown in fig. 17. The auxiliary hook 1702 is parallel to the second extension 1903 and its first end 1703 is hinged at a corner 1905 of the hook body 1901, at the second end 1704 a tightening hook assembly 1705 is provided which can be connected to the hook body 1901. In one embodiment, the tensioning hook assembly 1705 includes a chain 1706 connected to a second end 1704 and a pull hook 1707 mounted at the end of the chain 1706. A tension aperture 1708 is provided in the first extension 1902 and a draw hook 1707 can be engaged within the tension aperture 1708 to effect attachment to the hook body 1901.

Thus, after placing the supporting section steel 1904 on the hook 1701, the supporting section steel 1904 can be stably held on the hook 1701 by the auxiliary hook 1702 which is rotatable and by coupling the hook 1707 to the hook body 1901. Moreover, when the supporting section steel 1904 needs to be released, the draw hook 1707 only needs to be separated from the hook main body 1901, which is convenient for the user to operate.

Preferably, the steel arch mounting mechanism 4 further comprises a traveling mechanism 91 for driving the rotating ring 81 to move axially. The running mechanism 91 moves along the main beam 7 and simultaneously moves (i.e., moves axially) along the main beam 7 with the rotating ring 81, so that the mounting position of the supporting section steel 1904 on the tunnel wall 1004 can be finely adjusted in the axial direction.

Figure 10 shows the jumbolter assembly 5 of the tunnel boring machine 10. The jumbolter assembly 5 comprises two arcuate tracks 1001 mounted symmetrically on either side of the main beam 7 and two drilling rigs 1002 which are moved along the two arcuate tracks 1001 by an endless travelling mechanism 1003. By this movement of the drilling rigs 1002, the two drilling rigs 1002 cover each position on one circumference of the tunnel wall 1004, i.e. holes can be drilled and reinforcing material such as steel bars can be applied to the inside of the tunnel wall at each position on one circumference of the tunnel wall to reinforce the strength of the tunnel wall.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. The technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. a tunnel boring machine adapted to excavate tunnels having a diameter of 8.2m to 9.0m, the machine comprising:

A main drive mechanism for driving the cutterhead, said main drive mechanism includes a plurality of driving force source components, a transmission mechanism driven by said plurality of driving force source components and a cutterhead connected with said transmission mechanism,

A shield circumferentially surrounding the main drive mechanism, the shield having a housing that changes size to accommodate the diameter of a tunnel to be excavated;

the shell consists of a plurality of shell parts which are mutually overlapped, and a shield oil cylinder for driving the shell parts is arranged in the shell;

when the diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is increased by 50mm to 500mm as compared with the designed adaptive tunnel diameter of the tunnel boring machine, changing the size of the tunnel by fixedly arranging new housing parts on the outer surfaces of the plurality of housing parts, respectively;

A gap is present between the housing part and the new housing part, in which gap a plurality of support ribs are arranged;

The tunnel boring machine also comprises a main beam which is arranged axially, the main driving mechanism is arranged in front of the main beam,

the middle part of the main beam is hinged with a propelling component and is fixedly provided with a supporting component,

The supporting assembly comprises a saddle frame which is in sliding type and bridged on the main beam, and a supporting shoe oil cylinder which is connected with the saddle frame in a suspension type, supporting shoes are installed at the end parts of extension rods of the supporting shoe oil cylinder, the propelling assembly is hinged with the supporting shoes, and the supporting shoes can adapt to the diameter of a tunnel to be excavated;

The number of the shoe supporting oil cylinders is two, the cylinder bottoms of the two shoe supporting oil cylinders are connected with each other, and the extension rods of the two shoe supporting oil cylinders are positioned on the same straight line and extend towards opposite directions;

The support assembly also comprises a pin assembly, the pin assembly comprises a transverse connecting plate arranged between the cylinder bottoms of the two shoe supporting oil cylinders, two end parts of the transverse connecting plate are respectively connected with the saddle,

the pin assembly further comprises a vertical pin, the vertical pin vertically extends through a mounting hole formed in the middle of the transverse connecting plate in a clearance fit mode, and two ends of the vertical pin are respectively connected with the two supporting shoe oil cylinders through connecting plates;

The connecting block is arranged between the bottoms of the two shoe supporting oil cylinders, a transverse hole and a longitudinal hole are formed in the connecting block in an intersecting mode, the transverse connecting plate penetrates through the transverse hole, the vertical pin penetrates through the longitudinal hole, and the connecting block is located outside the connecting block.

2. The tunnel boring machine of claim 1, wherein the plurality of drive power source assemblies each include an electric motor and a gearbox connected to the electric motor, and the transmission mechanism includes a ring gear driven by the plurality of gearboxes and a cutterhead carrier connected to the ring gear.

3. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, wherein the number of motors is 12, each motor having a power of 350 Kw.

4. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the drive mechanism further comprises a main bearing which carries thrust from the cutterhead, the main bearing being disposed between the cutterhead carrier and the gearbox.

5. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein the main bearing is 5.3m in diameter.

6. A tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutterhead includes a central block and a plurality of identical side blocks which are removable, a plurality of cutters being mounted on the central block and the side blocks.

7. A tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reducer plate is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the original shoe to change its size.

8. a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross-linking plates have a central portion of greater dimension than the two end portions and a smooth transition from the central portion to the end portions.

9. A tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a steel arch mounting mechanism is provided on the main beam adjacent behind the shield, the steel arch mounting mechanism comprising an inner race-like rotating ring, a plurality of idlers in meshing engagement with the rotating ring, the idlers being fixed to the main beam.

10. a tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of hooks are mounted on the rotatable ring at spaced intervals for carrying the supporting section steel, the hooks comprising hook bodies having first extensions fixedly connected to the rotatable ring and second extensions for carrying the supporting section steel, auxiliary hooks being mounted on the hook bodies parallel to the second extensions and having first ends hinged at corners of the hook bodies and tensioning hook assemblies provided at second ends connectable to the hook bodies.

11. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, wherein the cross-section of the centre block is square with four chamfers, the four chamfers being identical to each other,

Viewed from the cross section, the joint of the central block and any one of the edge blocks is composed of a square edge, a part of a first chamfered edge connected with the square edge and a part of a second chamfered edge.

12. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 11, wherein in the seam, the side of the square is a first mating side, one of a part of the first chamfered side and a part of the second chamfered side is a second mating side, and the other is an adjusting side.

13. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the plurality of cutters are arranged along the centre line and diagonal of the side lines of the square and are offset from the seams between adjacent side blocks.