CN106282736A - Phase-change accumulation energy alloy and phase-change accumulation energy cup - Google Patents
Phase-change accumulation energy alloy and phase-change accumulation energy cup Download PDFInfo
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- CN106282736A CN106282736A CN201610734315.8A CN201610734315A CN106282736A CN 106282736 A CN106282736 A CN 106282736A CN 201610734315 A CN201610734315 A CN 201610734315A CN 106282736 A CN106282736 A CN 106282736A
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- change accumulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G19/00—Table service
- A47G19/22—Drinking vessels or saucers used for table service
- A47G19/2205—Drinking glasses or vessels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C12/00—Alloys based on antimony or bismuth
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of phase-change accumulation energy alloy, be made up of the component of following percentage by weight: stannum Sn 13.5% ~ 15.0%；Indium In 7.5% ~ 9.5%；Lead Pb 23.7% ~ 25.8%；Cadmium Cd 7.8% ~ 9.5%；Bismuth Bi 40.0% ~ 45.0%；The thermal conductivity of phase-changing energy storage material is 20 25 W/m K.The invention discloses a kind of phase-change accumulation energy cup.The inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material with highly thermally conductive phase-change accumulation energy alloy and high-energy-density is combined by structure design and forms energy density and all good composite phase change energy-storing system of conduction of heat by the present invention, the energy conduction making high-temperature medium reaches balance in phase-change accumulation energy alloy with inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material, thus obtaining optimal heat conduction efficiency, the volume and weight of the most whole energy storage system is also optimized.By the cooperation of size is adjusted, make to reach more preferably energy absorption efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and phase-change accumulation energy cup.Particularly one utilizes phase change energy storage technology to realize
Quickly cooling and the thermos cup of heating, the drinking water in cup can be rapidly achieved and grow by this phase-change accumulation energy cup according to demand
Time keeps predetermined suitable consumption temperature.
Background technology
In nature, most materials can absorb heat (cold) amount or to ring during its thing phase change from environment
Border releases heat, thus reaches energy storage and release and regulation energy requirement and the purpose of supply mismatch, this material quilt
It is referred to as phase-changing energy storage material.Phase-changing energy storage material is utilized the most not mate lance as regulation and control and solution energy supply and demand
Shield, thus improve energy utilization rate, is one of the study hotspot of current environmental protection new energy technology.Business based on phase-changing energy storage material
The direction of industry application and development mainly includes that construction material, agricultural greenhouse, IT device freeze, solar water heater etc..At present, very
Many civil goods also begin to use phase change energy storage technology, particularly container products, such as water tumbler, feeding bottle etc..
Phase-change accumulation energy cup refer to use phase-changing energy storage material as water tumbler rapid cooling, add thermal medium, reach to make in water tumbler
Hot water fast cooling is to the purpose of a certain temperature suitably drunk, it is also possible to releases energy and makes cool water heating to consumption temperature.Mesh
The phase-changing energy storage material that phase-change accumulation energy cup on front market uses includes inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material and organic energy storage material.But
It is that the phase-changing energy storage material of this two quasi-tradition has an obvious shortcoming: pyroconductivity is too low.The thermal conductivity one of inorganic hydrated salt
As below 1W/mK, and the thermal conductivity of organic phase change material is more no greater than 0.3W/mK.Too low thermal conductivity will be significant
Affect the service efficiency of this phase-changing energy storage material so that the application of this phase-change accumulation energy cup is experienced and do not reached optimal effect.
In order to improve the too low lifting/lowering too low problem of temperature speed brought of thermal conductivity, the company such as Yi meter Kang proposes use gallium
Base low-melting alloy is as phase-changing energy storage material.It will be apparent that the pyroconductivity of gallio low-melting alloy phase-changing energy storage material reaches
More than 15W/mK, is significantly higher than inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material and organic energy storage material.But, use low-melting alloy as storage
Two problems can be brought by material: 1) low-melting alloy density is higher, when using as phase-changing energy storage material, the energy of Unit Weight
Density is relatively low；2) comparatively speaking, the price of low-melting alloy is higher, is unfavorable for promoting on a large scale.Additionally, gallium-base alloy is at liquid
All be there is corrosiveness in a lot of metals under state, bring certain potential safety hazard.
Therefore, studying suitable phase-change accumulation energy structure, the lower thermal conductivity and the low melting point that solve tradition phase-changing energy storage material are closed
The high density of gold and the contradiction of cost, thus develop excellent performance and the suitable phase-change accumulation energy cup of cost so that it is really obtain city
The accreditation of field and popularization.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and phase
Become energy storage cup.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: phase-change accumulation energy alloy, and it is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:
Stannum Sn 13.5%～15.0%；
Indium In 7.5%～9.5%；
Lead Pb 23.7%～25.8%；
Cadmium Cd 7.8%～9.5%；
Bismuth Bi 40.0%～45.0%.
The thermal conductivity of described phase-changing energy storage material is 20-25W/m K.
Phase-change accumulation energy cup, includes and is formed between heat conduction inner bag and heat insulating outer shield, and described heat conduction inner bag and heat insulating outer shield
Closed cavity, described heat conduction inner bladder outer wall is provided with the heat pipe being integrally located in closed cavity, is filled with in this heat pipe
Aforesaid phase-change accumulation energy alloy, is filled with inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material in described closed cavity.
Described inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is CH3COONa 3H2O.
Described heat pipe is close to be wound on heat conduction inner bladder outer wall twist.
Described heat pipe is coaxially wound on heat conduction inner bladder outer wall and the ring pipe of spaced layout forms by some,
And each ring pipe is close to heat conduction inner bladder outer wall.
Described heat pipe cross section is rectangular, and this square-section is in length h and radially of heat conduction inner bag short transverse
Length l is respectively 0.3cm～0.5cm and 0.8～1.2cm；The winding number of turn of heat pipe is 8-15 circle；The radius r of heat conduction inner bag0
For 2-2.8cm；Packed height h of inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material0For in 12.0-15.0cm, heat pipe outer wall and heat insulating outer shield
Distance d between wall is 0.1cm～0.3cm.
Water storage weight m of described phase-change accumulation energy cupWater, volume V1 and phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystem, volume V2 exist below
Linear relationship:
mWater=kmSystem, V1=KV2；
In formula, k value be 1.0-1.2, K value be 3.7-4.3；
Described phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystemWeight and described inorganic salt hydrate phase transformation for described phase-change accumulation energy alloy
The weight sum of material, volume V2 is weight and the volume of described inorganic salt hydrate phase-change material of described phase-change accumulation energy alloy
Sum.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, the present invention is designed by structure, i.e. heat pipe be set on heat conduction inner bladder outer wall,
Fill inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material in filling phase-change accumulation energy alloy, closed cavity in this heat pipe, will have highly thermally conductive
The inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and high-energy-density combine formation energy density and conduction of heat all good
Composite phase change energy-storing system so that the energy conduction of high-temperature medium reaches in inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material at phase-change accumulation energy alloy
To balance, thus obtaining optimal heat conduction efficiency, the volume and weight of the most whole energy storage system is also optimized.2, pass through
Cooperation to size adjusts so that the heat-transfer interface of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material and conduction of heat distance
Proportionate relationship match with respective heat absorption weight, reach more preferably energy absorption efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is energy storage cup structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is each energy absorption units structural representation in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 be five groups of embodiments of the present invention and be filled up completely with hydrous salt phase change material thermos cup in add hot water, water temperature
State diagram over time.
Fig. 4 be on the basis of Fig. 3 turned letter insulation water in the cup after, after pouring the cold water of 20 DEG C in each thermos cup into, water temperature with
The state diagram of the change of time.
Detailed description of the invention
One phase-change accumulation energy alloy of the present invention, it is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:
Stannum Sn 13.5%～15.0%；
Indium In 7.5%～9.5%；
Lead Pb 23.7%～25.8%；
Cadmium Cd 7.8%～9.5%；
Bismuth Bi 40.0%～45.0%；
Thermal conductivity under its liquid condition is 20W/m K～25W/m K.
Five groups of Bi-Sn-Pb-In-Cd phase-change accumulation energy alloying component proportionings and performance parameter see table:
In table, each component numerical value below represents its percentage by weight.
As it is shown in figure 1, one phase-change accumulation energy cup of the present invention, include heat conduction inner bag 1 and heat insulating outer shield 2, and described heat conduction
Form closed cavity between inner bag 1 and heat insulating outer shield 2, described heat conduction inner bag 1 outer wall is provided with and is integrally located in closed cavity
Heat pipe 3, be filled with in this heat pipe aforementioned phase-change accumulation energy alloy (component proportion is: Sn, 14.2%；In, 8.5%；Pb,
24.1%；Cd, 8.9%；Bi, 44.3%), in described closed cavity, it is filled with inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material, described inorganic water
Closing salt phase-change material is CH3COONa 3H2O.
The performance of described phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is as shown in the table:
Water storage weight m of described phase-change accumulation energy cupWater, volume V1 and phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystem, volume V2 exist below
Linear relationship:
mWater=kmSystem, V1=KV2；
In formula, k value be 1.0-1.2, K value be 3.7-4.3；
Described phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystemWeight and described inorganic salt hydrate phase transformation for described phase-change accumulation energy alloy
The weight sum of material, volume V2 is weight and the volume of described inorganic salt hydrate phase-change material of described phase-change accumulation energy alloy
Sum.
The drinking water target temperature of present invention design is 58 DEG C.
Boiled water is poured in cup, by water temperature 95 DEG C calculating, release energy needed for being down to 58 DEG C into:
Q=cm Δ t
Wherein, c is specific heat of water, and m is the quality of water, and T is the change of water temperature；
M=ρ π r2H, r and h are respectively water tumbler inwall radius and height, and unit is cm.
It is set as 300g, then has Q=46.6kJ
Absorbing these energy, the weight of two kinds of phase-change materials of needs is respectively m1 and m2, and initial temperature is 20 DEG C, then phase
Become energy storage alloy energy absorption value into:
Q1=cm Δ T+m Δ H=104.9 m1
The energy absorption value of inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is:
Q2=387.6 m2
Total energy balance is: Q=Q1+Q2, it may be assumed that 104.9 m1+387.6 m2=46.6kJ
Phase-change accumulation energy system (phase-change accumulation energy alloy+inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material) total volume is:
The present invention takes into account the weight and volume of two kinds of energy storage materials, the weight range set as:
Phase-change accumulation energy alloy mass m1 scope is: 50～100g, and the quality m2 scope of inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is: 75
～105g；The weight range that the phase-change accumulation energy system of acquisition is total is: the 150～180g (phase-change accumulation energies for the design of the 300ml water yield
System weight scope, if water yield change, energy-storage system weight also respective change)；Total volume range is: 70～80mL.This
During whole thermmal storage, the heat storage value scope of phase-change accumulation energy alloy is: 5200J～10500J, hydrous salt phase change material
Heat storage value scope be: 29000J～41000J.
The heat that conduction of heat is transmitted by unit level sectional area in referring to the unit interval.Obviously, the energy transmission of heat energy
Amount is directly proportional to thermally-conductive interface area and conduction of heat distance is inversely proportional to.The two kinds of phases selected in composite energy storage system in the present invention
Change energy-storage material pyroconductivity is respectively 23.5W/m K and 0.5W/m K, at same interfacial area and conduction distance condition
The ratio of lower heat transfer is 47:1, it is necessary to made up by the design of interfacial area and conduction of heat distance, and the target of design is to reduce
Conduction of heat distance in the heat-transfer interface ratio of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material and inorganic hydrated salt.
In order to simplify calculating, each energy absorption units can be decomposed into structure shown in Fig. 2.
The energy absorption value of phase-change accumulation energy alloy is 104.9 m1, and transport interface area is: A1=2 π r0H n, wherein r0
For water tumbler heat conduction inner bag 1 radius, h is that (i.e. heat pipe square-section is in heat conduction inner bag short transverse for individual pen copper heat pipe height
Length), n is the winding number of turn of heat pipe 3；
The energy absorption value of inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is 387.6 m2, and its thermal source includes that water tumbler directly transmits and phase
Becoming energy storage alloy two parts of transmission, the interfacial area of transmission is:Wherein r0For water tumbler heat conduction
Inner bag 1 radius, r1For wrapping up the copper band radius (i.e. heat pipe outer radii) of phase-change accumulation energy alloy, h0For whole inorganic hydrated salt
The packed height (owing to being stuffed entirely with in closed cavity, therefore this is the most also the height of closed cavity) of phase-change material.
In the present invention, the radius r of described water tumbler heat conduction inner bag 10Scope is 2.0～2.8cm, described heat pipe 3 cross section
Rectangular, this square-section is respectively 0.3cm～0.5cm in length h and length l radially of heat conduction inner bag 1 short transverse
With 0.8～1.2cm；Copper heat pipe is wound around number of turn n in the range of 8～15；Packed height h of inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material0For
12.0-15.0cm (owing to being stuffed entirely with in closed cavity, therefore this is the most also the height of closed cavity), heat pipe 3 outer wall
And distance d between heat insulating outer shield 2 inwall is 0.1cm～0.3cm.Thus obtained inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material stores up with phase transformation
The heat-transfer interface proportionate relationship scope of energy alloy is about:Meanwhile, from phase-change accumulation energy alloy to inorganic hydrated salt
Transverse heat transfer distance only 0.1～0.2cm, the i.e. ratio of the conduction of heat distance of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrated salt are about
For:In view of the energy absorption proportion of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrated salt between 1:3～1:8, because of
This infers theoretically, although both pyroconductivity ratios are 47:1, and phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material
The heat conduction time completing respective energy absorption needs can be close to the state of balance.
The present invention is on the basis of the energy value stored or discharge, and this value is directly proportional to weight, the volume (inner bag size) of water,
Also it is directly proportional with phase-change accumulation energy system.Such as: the energy storage system weight range of the corresponding scope of the hot water of 300mL；So manage
In opinion, 600mL capacity, energy storage system weight range the most just doubles.
The present invention is designed by structure so that the heat-transfer interface of phase-change accumulation energy alloy and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material with
The proportionate relationship of conduction of heat distance matches with respective heat absorption weight, reaches optimal energy absorption efficiency.
The preparation method of five yuan of phase-change accumulation energy alloys of Bi-Sn-Pb-In-Cd of the present invention is: first by formulation ratio
Sn-In-Pb-Cd-Bi quinary alloy, then molten alloy in the way of vacuum induction melting.Dispensing is put into melting kettle it
After, vacuum induction melting furnace is carried out pressure in evacuation process makes stove and is less than 5*10-3Pa, then in vacuum induction melting furnace
Addition noble gas (nitrogen or argon), as protective gas, is forced into 0.5-0.8 atmospheric pressure, is initially powered up melting and makes it
It is completely melt.After melting, it is cooled to room temperature state, from stove, then takes out the alloy that melting obtains.
The processing method of phase-change accumulation energy cup of the present invention: according to the size of cup inner bag 1, process the copper of different-diameter width
Heat pipe 3, is then ready for water-bath, and bath temperature is 80 DEG C～100 DEG C, quinary alloy water-bath is liquefied, is injected into copper heat conduction
In pipe 3, and copper heat pipe 3 is carried out sealing process, be locked on inner bag 1 outer wall.Then the inner bag 1 of copper heat pipe 3 will be cased with
Putting in heat insulating outer shield 2, form a closed cavity between inner bag 1 and heat insulating outer shield, heat insulating outer shield 2 is made up of heat-barrier material,
Have and stop the effect of energy exchange inside and outside cup, in closed cavity, finally pour into the inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material of liquefaction, from
So after cooled and solidified, whole cup is sealed, makes the water tumbler with phase change energy storage function.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Carry out 5 groups of embodiments altogether, see table:
Respectively by 5 groups of embodiments and be filled up completely with hydrous salt phase change material cup in add hot water, and add up water temperature at any time
Between change, as shown in Figure 3；Subsequently toward the cold water of injection 20 DEG C in cup, measure the change of water temperature, the most as shown in Figure 4；Can see
Going out, a kind of phase-change accumulation energy cup that the present invention provides is obvious to the heating and cooling effect of hot water, and when reaching the heating and cooling of desired temperature
Between reduce with the increase of phase change alloy material, and the cooling-down effect of the thermos cup using phase-change alloy to be energy storage material is bright
The aobvious thermos cup being better than using inorganic hydrated salt to be used as phase-changing energy storage material.
Claims (8)
1. a phase-change accumulation energy alloy, it is characterised in that it is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:
Phase-change accumulation energy alloy the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thermal conductivity of described phase-changing energy storage material is
20-25W/m·K。
3. a phase-change accumulation energy cup, includes heat conduction inner bag (1) and heat insulating outer shield (2), and described heat conduction inner bag (1) and heat insulation outside
Closed cavity is formed between layer (2), it is characterised in that: it is provided with on described heat conduction inner bag (1) outer wall and is integrally located at closed cavity
Interior heat pipe (3), is filled with the phase-change accumulation energy alloy described in claim 1 or 2, fills out in described closed cavity in this heat pipe
It is filled with inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material.
Phase-change accumulation energy cup the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described inorganic hydrous salt phase transition material is
CH3COONa·3H2O。
Phase-change accumulation energy cup the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described heat pipe (3) is close to be wound around twist
On heat conduction inner bag (1) outer wall.
Phase-change accumulation energy cup the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described heat pipe (3) is coaxially wound in by some
On heat conduction inner bag (1) outer wall and the ring pipe composition of spaced layout, and each ring pipe is close to heat conduction inner bag (1) outer wall.
7. according to the phase-change accumulation energy cup described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described heat pipe (3) cross section is rectangular,
This square-section is respectively 0.3cm～0.5cm and 0.8 in length h and length l radially of heat conduction inner bag (1) short transverse
～1.2cm；The winding number of turn of heat pipe (3) is 8-15 circle；The radius r of heat conduction inner bag (1)0For 2-2.8cm；Inorganic hydrated salt phase
Become packed height h of material0For 12.0-15.0cm, distance d between heat pipe (3) outer wall and heat insulating outer shield (2) inwall is
0.1cm～0.3cm.
8. according to the phase-change accumulation energy cup described in claim 3-6 any one, it is characterised in that the water storage of described phase-change accumulation energy cup
Weight mWater, volume V1 and phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystem, volume V2 there is following linear relationship:
mWater=kmSystem, V1=KV2；
In formula, k value be 1.0-1.2, K value be 3.7-4.3；
Described phase-change accumulation energy system weight mSystemWeight and described inorganic salt hydrate phase-change material for described phase-change accumulation energy alloy
Weight sum, volume V2 be the weight of described phase-change accumulation energy alloy and described inorganic salt hydrate phase-change material volume it
With.
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| CN107280386A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-24 | 芜湖市华溢玻璃艺品有限责任公司 | The thermos cup of fast cooling |
| CN111534282A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-08-14 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage material with low melting point and high volume latent heat, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106282736B (en) | 2018-05-08 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
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Effective date of registration: 20191119 Address after: 310000 room 2201, 22 / F, building 1, No. 352, BINKANG Road, Changhe street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Hangzhou science and Technology Co., Ltd. Connaught wheat Address before: 310052, room 399, No. 608 bin Kang Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang, Hangzhou Patentee before: Hangzhou Long Can Liquidmetal Technologies Inc. |