CN106281513B - 一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于精细化工领域,提供一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂及其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:(1)往反应釜中加入丙酮、磺化剂和水,加热搅拌,升温至30~60℃,磺化反应1~3小时;(2)磺化反应结束后加入腰果酚磺酸钠、腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度80~100℃时,开始滴加甲醛,滴加时间为0.5~4小时;(3)再往反应釜中加入不饱和羧酸及其盐、不饱和脂肪胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为1~10%的引发剂溶液,此引发剂溶液由所述引发剂和所述部分重量份的水配制而成;滴加时间控制在0.5~4小时,滴加时温度控制在90~120℃;(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应1~4小时,降温出料。
Description
本申请是针对专利申请号为201510681157X,申请日为2015年10月19日,专利名称为一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂及其制备方法的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明属于精细化工领域,特别涉及一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
能源是人类社会发展的重要基础资源。煤炭、石油和天然气是几种常规能源形式。其中,煤炭是全球储藏量最多且分布最广的常规能源。我国是世界上少数几个能源以煤为主的国家之一,也是世界上最大煤炭消费国。中国煤炭84%用于燃烧,在将来的几十年里,煤炭在中国将继续发挥主要能源的作用。但是,煤炭直接燃烧利用会产生大量的CO2、SO2、NOx和灰尘颗粒物等环境污染物,必将导致全球气候进一步恶化和环境的持续污染。
当今世界所面临的两大严峻的现实问题——能源和环境。二十世纪七十年代世界石油危机促使较多国家,特别是将石油作为主要燃料但石油资源又不丰富的国家,开始研究新型能源替代品,水煤浆便是其替代品之一。
水煤浆是70%左右的煤,29%左右的水,1%左右的水煤浆添加剂经过强力搅拌而形成的煤水两相流浆体。由于整个过程均在常温下进行,因此它不仅保持了煤炭原有的物理特性,同时还具有良好的流动性和稳定性,可以像燃料油那样便于装卸、贮存、管道输送及雾化空间燃烧,可广泛应用于工业锅炉、电站锅炉以及工业炉窑中。水煤浆技术不仅可以替代油燃烧,进而缓解石油波动对世界经济的冲击力,而且可以通过替代煤燃烧来减少环境污染。
水煤浆的成浆特性、流变特性及静动态稳定性除了与煤质本身的性质密切相关外,还与水煤浆添加剂的性能有关。性能优良的水煤浆添加剂对高浓度煤浆制备有重要作用,它可改善煤表面亲水性,增大煤表面动电位,使煤易于分散在水中,在正常使用时有较低的粘度、较好的流动性、静置时不易产生沉淀,形成均匀稳定的低粘度煤浆。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,该水煤浆添加剂能更好提高水煤浆的流动性和稳定性,同时提供一种所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,主要由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
进一步的,所述磺化剂为亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠中的任意一种或两种以上任意比混合的混合物;
进一步的,所述不饱和羧酸及其盐为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸钠、甲基丙烯酸钠中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
进一步的,所述不饱和脂肪胺为二烯丙基胺或三烯丙基胺或两者以任意比混合的混合物。
进一步的,所述引发剂为过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾和过硫酸铵中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂的制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入10~20重量份的丙酮、15~35重量份的磺化剂和水,加热搅拌,升温至30~60℃,磺化反应1~3小时;
(2)磺化反应结束后加入1~10重量份的腰果酚磺酸钠、1~10重量份的腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度80~100℃时,开始滴加甲醛,滴加时间为0.5~4小时,甲醛滴加的总量为5~15重量份;
(3)再往反应釜中加入1~10重量份的不饱和羧酸及其盐、1~10重量份的不饱和脂肪胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为1~10%的引发剂溶液,此引发剂溶液由所述引发剂和所述部分重量份的水配制而成;滴加时间控制在0.5~4小时,滴加时温度控制在90~120℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应1~4小时,降温出料,即得改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下显著效果:
1、本发明采用先磺化丙酮然后与腰果酚磺酸钠、腰果酚磷酸酯通过甲醛进行缩合,在引发体系下再与不饱和羧酸及其盐、不饱和脂肪胺进行共聚而得。该水煤浆添加剂含有磺酸基、羧基、磷酸酯等多种基团,较目前市场上使用的水煤浆添加剂拥有更优良的悬浮分散性能以及稳定性。
2、本发明所用的原料腰果酚磺酸是通过腰果酚这种来源丰富、天然可再生生物质产品磺化而得,腰果酚磷酸酯是通过腰果酚与磷酸酯化而得,使得制备的改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂毒性更小,具有更好的经济性;
3、该产品生产工艺简单、条件温和,生产过程加料、条件都容易控制,整个工艺过程无“三废”排出,是一种绿色环保型、无污染清洁化生产工艺。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进一步详细阐述。
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
所述磺化剂为亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物;
所述不饱和羧酸及其盐为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸钠、甲基丙烯酸钠中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物;
所述不饱和脂肪胺为二烯丙基胺或三烯丙基胺或两者以任意比混合的混合物;
所述引发剂为过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾和过硫酸铵中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂的制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入丙酮、磺化剂和水,加热搅拌,升温至30~60℃,磺化反应1~3小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入腰果酚磺酸钠、腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度80~100℃时,开始滴加甲醛,滴加时间为0.5~4小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入不饱和羧酸及其盐、不饱和脂肪胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为1~10%的引发剂溶液,此引发剂溶液由所述引发剂和部分所述水配制而成;滴加时间控制在0.5~4小时,滴加时温度控制在90~120℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应1~4小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
下面以具体的实施例对本发明进行详细说明,但是本发明不仅限于此。实施例1
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入12份丙酮、16份亚硫酸钠和20份水,加热搅拌,升温至35℃,磺化反应2小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入5份腰果酚磺酸钠、5份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度85℃时,开始滴加10份甲醛,滴加时间为1小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入6份丙烯酸、6份二烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为5%的过硫酸钠溶液,此过硫酸钠溶液由1份过硫酸钠和19份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3.5小时,滴加时温度控制在100℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应3小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
实施例2
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入15份丙酮、17份焦亚硫酸钠和21.5份水,加热搅拌,升温至38℃,磺化反应2.5小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入6份腰果酚磺酸钠、3份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度89℃时,开始滴加12份甲醛,滴加时间为3小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入7份甲基丙烯酸、6份二烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为8%的过硫酸钾溶液,此过硫酸钾溶液由1份过硫酸钾和11.5份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3小时,滴加时温度控制在98℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应3小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
实施例3
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入13份丙酮、16份亚硫酸氢钠和37份水,加热搅拌,升温至45℃,磺化反应2.5小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入2份腰果酚磺酸钠、4份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度98℃时,开始滴加甲10份醛,滴加时间为3小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入6份丙烯酸钠、2份二烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为5%的过硫酸铵溶液,此过硫酸铵溶液由0.5份过硫酸铵和9.5份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在2.5小时,滴加时温度控制在115℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应3.5小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
实施例4
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其中:所述磺化剂为亚硫酸钠和焦亚硫酸钠两种的混合物,亚硫酸钠和焦亚硫酸钠的用量分别为5份和15份;
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入15份丙酮、5份亚硫酸钠和15份焦亚硫酸钠和30份水,加热搅拌,升温至55℃,磺化反应2小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入2份腰果酚磺酸钠、2份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度98℃时,开始滴加13份甲醛,滴加时间为2.5小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入6份甲基丙烯酸钠、2份三烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为4%的过硫酸钠溶液,此过硫酸钠溶液由0.4份过硫酸钠和9.6份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3小时,滴加时温度控制在110℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应2小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
实施例5
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其中:所述不饱和羧酸及其盐为丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸两种的混合物,丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的用量分别为2份和5份。
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入17份丙酮、21份亚硫酸氢钠和26份水,加热搅拌,升温至58℃,磺化反应2.5小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入3份腰果酚磺酸钠、2份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度92℃时,开始滴加12份甲醛,滴加时间为2小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入2份丙烯酸、5份甲基丙烯酸、2份二烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为6%的过硫酸钾溶液,此过硫酸钾溶液由0.6份过硫酸钾和9.4份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3小时,滴加时温度控制在116℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应2.5小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
实施例6
本发明的一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其中:所述不饱和脂肪胺为二烯丙基胺和三烯丙基胺两种的混合物,二烯丙基胺和三烯丙基胺的用量分别为1份和2份。
所述引发剂为过硫酸钠和过硫酸钾两种的混合物,过硫酸钠和过硫酸钾的用量分别为0.2份和0.6份。
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入12份丙酮、16份焦亚硫酸钠和35份水,加热搅拌,升温至57℃,磺化反应2.8小时。
(2)磺化反应结束后加入3份腰果酚磺酸钠、2份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度88℃时,开始滴加13份甲醛,滴加时间为3小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入6份丙烯酸钠、1份二烯丙基胺、2份三烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为8%的引发剂溶液,此引发剂溶液由0.2份过硫酸钠、0.6份过硫酸钾和9.2份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3小时,滴加时温度控制在108℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应3小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
以下为使用本发明的改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂和市售的添加剂进行的成浆试验。其中,市售水煤浆添加剂购自石狮市清源精细化工有限公司。
表1本发明实施例1~6制备的产品与市售的水煤浆添加剂的性能对比表
备注:煤种为易成浆的贫瘦煤。
表2本发明实施例1~6制备的产品与市售的水煤浆添加剂的性能对比表
备注:煤种为一般性弱粘煤。
表3本发明实施例1~6制备的产品与市售的水煤浆添加剂的性能对比表
备注:煤种为难成浆的长焰煤。
表4本发明实施例1~6制备的产品与市售的水煤浆添加剂的性能对比表
备注:煤种为极难成浆的褐煤。
从上表可知,本发明实施例1~6制备的改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂性能良好,能满足工业生产的需求,具有良好的分散性和广泛的适应性等优点,是一种较好的水煤浆添加剂。
以上所记载,仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例,任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化,皆属本创作主张的专利范围,而不限于实施例所揭示者。
Claims (1)
1.一种改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂,由下述重量份数配比的原料组分制成:
其制备方法,通过如下步骤实现:
(1)往反应釜中加入15份丙酮、17份焦亚硫酸钠和21.5份水,加热搅拌,升温至38℃,磺化反应2.5小时;
(2)磺化反应结束后加入6份腰果酚磺酸钠、3份腰果酚磷酸酯,搅拌均匀,继续加热至温度89℃时,开始滴加12份甲醛,滴加时间为3小时;
(3)再往反应釜中加入7份甲基丙烯酸、6份二烯丙基胺,待搅拌均匀后开始滴加质量百分比浓度为8%的过硫酸钾溶液,此过硫酸钾溶液由1份过硫酸钾和11.5份水配制而成;滴加时间控制在3小时,滴加时温度控制在98℃;
(4)滴加完后保持温度继续反应3小时,降温出料,即得所述改性脂肪族水煤浆添加剂。
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