CN106279264A - 一种α‑烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种α‑烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,所述的α‑烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯由化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ在催化剂作用下,在‑20~150℃条件下反应0.1~10小时得到;所述化合物Ⅰ的结构式为:所述化合物Ⅱ的结构式为:所述的α‑烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的结构式为:其中,R1是C1‑C4烷基中的任意一种,R2是甲基或乙基;所述的催化剂为酸性催化剂。本发明使用反应方法,操作简单,收率高,符合安全环保要求,适合工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学化工领域,涉及一种α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法。
背景技术
环丙唑醇是瑞士山道士公司开发的三唑类杀菌剂,是麦角甾醇脱甲基化抑制剂,具有预防和治疗的作用,对禾谷类作物、咖啡、甜菜、果树和葡萄上的白粉菌属、锈菌目、孢霉菌属、喙孢属、壳针孢属、黑星菌属病菌均有效,可防治谷类和咖啡锈病,谷类、果树和葡萄白粉病,花生、甜菜叶斑病,苹果黑星病和花生白腐病,还可以与其它杀菌剂混用。
1-(4-氯苯基)-2-环丙基-1-丙酮是环丙唑醇的关键中间体,而通过α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯合成1-(4-氯苯基)-2-环丙基-1-丙酮的方法具有工艺简便、操作安全、经济性好、适合规模化开发的优点。
探索合成α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的高效合成方法具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种产率高、安全环保的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的目的是提供一种α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯由化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ在催化剂作用下,在-20~150℃条件下反应0.1~10小时得到;
所述化合物Ⅰ的结构式为:所述化合物Ⅱ的结构式为:所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的结构式为:其中,R1是C1-C4烷基中的任意一种,R2是甲基或乙基;
所述的催化剂为酸性催化剂。
优选地,R1是甲基或乙基。
优选地,所述化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ的投料摩尔比为1.0:1.0~2.0,进一步优选为1.0:1.7~1.9。
优选地,所述的酸性催化剂为质子酸、路易斯酸或其他酸性催化剂。
进一步优选地,所述的质子酸催化剂为选自硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、氯化氢、对甲苯磺酸、苯磺酸、甲磺酸的一种或多种;所述的路易斯酸催化剂为选自TiCl4、BF3、AlCl3、FeCl3、ZnCl2中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述催化剂与化合物Ⅰ的摩尔比为0.01~1.1:1.0。
进一步优选地,所述催化剂与化合物Ⅰ的摩尔比为0.1~0.5:1.0。
优选地,进行所述的反应的温度为90~110℃。
优选地,所述的反应在无溶剂的条件下进行。
优选地,所述α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的具体制备方法为:将所述的化合物Ⅰ和所述的化合物Ⅱ在惰性气体的保护下于-20~150℃反应,缓慢加入所述的催化剂,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至0~40℃,充分搅拌10~24小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到淡黄色油状液体,即所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯。
本发明的反应方程式如下:
由于以上技术方案的实施,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
本发明使用的工艺相对简单,原料易得,操作过程所用试剂和药品成本相对较低,而且反应条件温和,时间短,收率高,同时成本较低,三废较少,目标产品的含量高,很适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。应理解,这些实施例是用于说明本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点,而本发明不受以下实施例的限制。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整,未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
实施例1
将18.65g(0.1mol)对氯苯甲醛二甲缩醛和16.56g(0.12mol)亚膦酸二乙酯在惰性气体的保护下冷却到-20℃反应,缓慢加入13.35g AlCl3,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至室温,充分搅拌16小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到27.13g淡黄色油状液体,即α-甲氧基对氯苄基膦酸二乙酯,纯度为95.1%,收率88.2%。
实施例2
将21.45g(0.1mol)对氯苯甲醛二乙缩醛和20.70g(0.15mol)亚膦酸二乙酯在惰性气体的保护下冷却到20℃反应,缓慢加入2.94g磷酸,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至室温,充分搅拌12小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到27.59g淡黄色油状液体,即α-乙氧基对氯苄基膦酸二乙酯,纯度为94.8%,收率85.3%。
实施例3
将21.45g(0.1mol)对氯苯甲醛二乙缩醛和11.00g(0.1mol)亚膦酸二甲酯在惰性气体的保护下冷却到50℃反应,缓慢加入16.25g FeCl3,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至室温,充分搅拌18小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到25.06g淡黄色油状液体,即α-乙氧基对氯苄基膦酸二乙酯,纯度为94.0%,收率84.6%。
实施例4
将18.65g(0.1mol)对氯苯甲醛二甲缩醛和19.80g(0.18mol)亚膦酸二甲酯在惰性气体的保护下冷却到100℃反应,缓慢加入3.44g对甲苯磺酸,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至室温,充分搅拌20小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到24.51g淡黄色油状液体,即α-甲氧基对氯苄基膦酸二甲酯,纯度为95.3%,收率88.3%。
上述实施例只是为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或者修饰,都应该涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯由化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ在催化剂作用下,在-20~150℃条件下反应0.1~10小时得到;
所述化合物Ⅰ的结构式为:所述化合物Ⅱ的结构式为:所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的结构式为:其中,R1是C1-C4烷基中的任意一种,R2是甲基或乙基;
所述的催化剂为酸性催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:R1是甲基或乙基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅱ的投料摩尔比为1.0:1.0~2.0。
4.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的酸性催化剂为质子酸、路易斯酸或其他酸性催化剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的质子酸催化剂为选自硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、氯化氢、对甲苯磺酸、苯磺酸、甲磺酸的一种或多种;所述的路易斯酸催化剂为选自TiCl4、BF3、AlCl3、FeCl3、ZnCl2中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述催化剂与化合物Ⅰ的摩尔比为0.01~1.1:1.0。
7.根据权利要求6所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述催化剂与化合物Ⅰ的摩尔比为0.1~0.5:1.0。
8.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:进行所述的反应的温度为90~110℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的反应在无溶剂的条件下进行。
10.根据权利要求1所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯的具体制备方法为:将所述的化合物Ⅰ和所述的化合物Ⅱ在惰性气体的保护下于-20~150℃反应,缓慢加入所述的催化剂,得到的反应混合物自然恢复至0~40℃,充分搅拌10~24小时,滤去固体物,分离出的有机液经水洗、干燥后,蒸馏脱溶得到淡黄色油状液体,即所述的α-烷氧基对氯苄基膦酸酯。
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