CN106277637B - Method and system for treating black and odorous surface water - Google Patents
Method and system for treating black and odorous surface water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106277637B CN106277637B CN201610825019.9A CN201610825019A CN106277637B CN 106277637 B CN106277637 B CN 106277637B CN 201610825019 A CN201610825019 A CN 201610825019A CN 106277637 B CN106277637 B CN 106277637B
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
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Abstract
A method of treating black and odorous surface water, the steps comprising: 1) Scale inhibition is carried out on the surface water to be treated; 2) Filtering the water treated in the step 1); 3) Adding dissolved oxygen in water and performing electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the water obtained in the step 2) in a closed tank body; 4) Carrying out biochemical treatment on the water obtained in the step 3); 5) The water obtained through the treatment in the step 4) is the finally obtained purified water. A surface water treatment system comprises a lifting pump, a scale inhibition device, a self-cleaning filtering device, an oxygen generating and storing device, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, an electrolytic treatment device, an active oxygen reaction chamber and a reaction buffer chamber which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the system also comprises an upper industrial personal computer; the water inlet of the lifting pump is the raw water inlet of the system, and the water outlet of the reaction buffer chamber is the purified water outlet of the system. The technical scheme can treat the surface water efficiently and does not cause secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a black and odorous surface water treatment technology.
Technical Field
The industrialization is deep, the population is geometrically increased, and the surface water quality pollution is serious, so that the development of socioeconomic performance is seriously influenced, and the human health is seriously endangered. The water conservancy department investigates 700 rivers and about 10 ten thousand kilometers of river length water resources in China, and the result is that: 46.5% of river length is polluted, and the water quality only reaches IV class and V class; 10.6% of river length is seriously polluted, the water quality is inferior V class, and the water body has lost the use value; over 90% of urban waters are severely polluted.
At present, the treatment of black and odorous surface water mainly adopts ecological plant treatment technologies such as artificial wetland, stabilization pond, soil infiltration, biogas digester purification and the like which are mainly used as engineering measures, plays a role in controlling water pollution to a certain extent, but has the defects of low organic matter removal rate, unstable treatment effect, large occupied area, strong selectivity, complex later maintenance and the like.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a surface water treatment technology that can treat efficiently without causing secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a surface water treatment technology with an electrocatalytic oxidation function and a function of increasing dissolved oxygen in a water body. The method comprises the following steps:
a method of treating black and odorous surface water, characterized by the steps of:
1) Scale inhibition is carried out on the surface water to be treated: applying electromagnetic waves to a pipeline of surface water to be treated to induce water molecules to generate resonance; the electromagnetic wave is generated by winding an electrified coil on the pipeline; the two ends of the coil are connected to a pulse power supply; the output power of the pulse power supply is 660 watts, the duty ratio is 10% -90%, and the frequency is 1.75kHz;
2) Filtering the water treated in the step 1);
3) Adding dissolved oxygen in water and performing electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the water obtained in the step 2) in a closed tank body;
3.1 The step of increasing dissolved oxygen in the water comprises:
3.1.1 Firstly, preparing oxygen, and introducing the oxygen into a closed tank body;
3.1.2 In the water in the closed tank body, the paddle rotates at high speed to form a negative pressure area; the blade is provided with a through hole, a cavity is arranged in the blade, and the cavity is communicated with the through hole; the oxygen obtained in the step 3.1.1) enters the cavity of the blade and enters the negative pressure area through the through hole; the paddle drives water to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid rotating at the high speed uniformly cuts oxygen into small bubbles;
the pressure of the negative pressure area is 0.25 Mpa-0.35 Mpa (preferably 0.30 Mpa);
the pressure level determines the negative pressure when oxygen is inhaled, and the DO increasing effect is better under the pressure of 0.30 Mpa.
3.1.3 Pressurizing the small bubbles by the paddle rotating at high speed to obtain nano-scale micro-bubbles, and keeping the micro-bubbles at high speed;
the rotating speed of the paddle is 1420r/m, and the pressure of pressurizing the small bubbles is 0.4-0.43 Mpa (preferably 0.423 Mpa);
the greater the pressure, the greater the solubility of oxygen; considering that the actual working condition is selected to be 0.423Mpa, the DO value in water is optimal.
The speed of the micro-bubbles is 160-320 m/s;
3.2 Electrocatalytic oxidation treatment):
the catalytic oxidation process by the electrode generates a plurality of active groups including superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals and H 2 O 2 ；
H 2 O——H + +OH -
MO x +H 2 O→MO x (·OH)+H + +e -
MO x (·OH)→MO x+1 +H + +e -
R+MO x (·OH) z →RO z +MO x +z H + +ze -
R+MO x+1 →RO+MO x
O 2 +e - ——O 2 -
O 3 +e - ——O 3 -
OH - +H 2 O——H 3 O 2 -
2NH 3 +H 2 O 2 +O 2 ——N 2 +4H 2 O
Wherein: MO (MO) x : a metal oxide; MO (MO) x+1 : a metal peroxide; r represents an organic contaminant; MO (MO) x (. OH): metal oxide adsorbing OH; RO: oxidized organic contaminants; o (O) 2 - : an oxyanion; o (O) 3 - : ozone anions; h 3 O 2 - : hydrated hydroxide;
4) And (3) carrying out biochemical treatment on the water obtained in the step (3):
4.1 Firstly, treating water obtained by treating the step 3) by adopting biological sludge:
biological sludge includes two types, bacteria and protozoa; bacteria include free bacteria, zoogloea and/or filamentous bacteria; protozoan types include meat feet, whips, fibrils, and/or straw; these cells control zoogloea and/or filamentous bacteria numbers by no more than 20%; when the concentration exceeds 20%, filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge are greatly propagated, swell, organic matters cannot be effectively decomposed, and a large amount of sludge is easily washed away by water flow.
The PH value of the water is 6.5-8.0, and the treatment time is 24 hours on average; the water temperature is maintained at 25+/-3 ℃, and the adding amount of the biological sludge is 2500mg/L; the adding frequency is 1 time in 3 months;
4.2 The water obtained by the treatment in step 4.1) is treated by beneficial bacteria:
the beneficial bacteria are bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, nitrifying bacteria and/or bdellovibrio;
the bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and lactobacillus are higher in content, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the photosynthetic bacteria and the lactobacillus is controlled at 2:1:1, a step of; there are also small amounts of yeasts, bdellovibrio, nitrifying bacteria and/or sulfur bacteria, etc.
The water temperature is controlled at 25-35 ℃ and the treatment time is 10min plus or minus 2min;
5) The water obtained through the treatment in the step 4) is the finally obtained purified water.
In the step 2), large particles in water are trapped by a 200-mesh self-cleaning filter, so that turbidity is reduced, and water quality is purified; the cylinder body of the filter is made of carbon steel, and the filter screen is made of 316L stainless steel; 3 groups of filter screens, each group of filter screens comprises 12 filter screens;
a differential pressure transmitter is arranged in the self-cleaning filter, and when the differential pressure at two ends of the filter screen reaches a set value, the motor starts to operate and drives the brush to rotate in the filter screen to scrub the filter screen; the set value of the differential pressure is determined according to the turbidity of the raw water, and the larger the turbidity is, the smaller the set pressure value is.
In the step 3.1.1), the method for preparing oxygen is to separate air by a molecular sieve adsorption method, perform a nitrogen-oxygen separation process to prepare oxygen, and use a storage tank for buffer storage.
In the step 3.2), 3-5 groups of electrodes are used for reaction; the positive and negative electrodes of the electrodes are converted; the time for switching the anode and the cathode is determined by the conductivity of water, and once the conductivity exceeds a threshold value, the anode and the cathode are switched;
a filler is arranged between each group of electrodes; the distance between each group of electrodes is less than or equal to 15mm, and the thickness of the packing layer is 10mm; the filler adopts iron-manganese filler with iron content more than 70 percent or iron-carbon filler with iron content more than 70 percent.
The surface water treatment system comprises a lifting pump, a scale inhibition device, a self-cleaning filtering device, an oxygen generation and storage device, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, an electrolytic treatment device, an active oxygen reaction chamber and a reaction buffer chamber which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the system also comprises an upper industrial personal computer; the water inlet of the lifting pump is the raw water inlet of the system, and the water outlet of the reaction buffer chamber is the purified water outlet of the system;
A. the scale inhibition device comprises a pulse power supply, a pipeline and an insulated wire, wherein the insulated wire is wound outside the pipeline, and two ends of the wire are respectively connected with the "+" and "-" terminals output by the pulse power supply; the control signal input end of the pulse power supply is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
B. the self-cleaning filter is a full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter; differential pressure transmitters are arranged on two sides of a filter screen in the full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter; the operation control end of the cleaning brush of the full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC, and the output end of the differential pressure transmitter is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
C. the oxygen generation and storage device comprises an air separation device and an oxygen storage tank, and an oxygen outlet of the air separation device is connected with the oxygen storage tank; an oxygen outlet of the oxygen storage tank is connected with an oxygen inlet of the gas-liquid mixing chamber;
D. the electrolytic treatment device and the gas-liquid mixing chamber share a tank body made of the same metal material; an inner cylinder is arranged in the metal tank body; the first end of the inner cylinder is connected in the first end face of the tank body; the second end of the inner cylinder is an open end; the water inlet is arranged on the first end face of the tank body and is communicated with the cavity surrounded by the inner cylinder; the water outlet is arranged on the first end face of the tank body, and a cavity formed by the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the tank body is communicated with the water outlet;
the oxygen pipe is also arranged, the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe is arranged in the tank body, and the air inlet end is arranged outside the tank body; the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe extends into the cavity in the inner cylinder;
the tank body is provided with a motor outside, a rotor of the motor is connected with an aeration impeller through a rotating shaft, and the aeration impeller is arranged in the tank body and is positioned in a cavity in the inner cylinder; the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe corresponds to the position of the aeration impeller; the blade of the aeration impeller is hollow, and the blade is provided with an air outlet; the hollow of the blade is communicated with the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe; the motor is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
an electrode plate is arranged in the inner cylinder, and the shape of the outer edge of the electrode plate corresponds to the shape of the inner edge of the inner cylinder; the electrode plate is mesh-shaped; the two electrode plates are arranged in the inner cylinder in pairs, and are perpendicular to the axis of the inner cylinder; the electrode plate is connected with an upper industrial personal computer through a PLC;
a circle of hard resin is fixed at the outer edge of each pair of electrode plates, and a filler is filled in the space between the pair of electrode plates; the mesh aperture of the electrode plate is smaller than the particle size of the granular filler; the filler between the pair of electrode plates is in a loose state;
E. biological sludge is arranged in the active oxygen reaction chamber; the reaction buffer chamber is internally provided with beneficial bacteria.
The wire is an insulated copper wire; the copper wire adopts an enameled wire, and the thickness of the copper wire is 2mm;
the insulated wires are closely arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline, and the interval between the adjacent turns of the coils is 1mm and 300-400 turns. After the winding of the coil is completed, the coil is wrapped by an insulating material to ensure safety.
The full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter is a 200-mesh self-cleaning filter, and a cylinder body of the filter is made of carbon steel; the filter screens are 3 groups of 12, and the filter screens are made of 316L stainless steel.
The bottom of the active oxygen reaction chamber is provided with a sewage outlet, the sewage outlet is provided with an electric control valve, and the electric control valve is connected with an upper industrial personal computer through a PLC; the sewage outlet is opened once every 12 days to clean the precipitated sludge.
The technical scheme can treat the surface water efficiently and does not cause secondary pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the process of the present method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scale inhibiting apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electrolytic processing device and a gas-liquid mixing chamber;
in the figure: surface water; 2, lifting the pump; 3, an electromagnetic scale resistance instrument; 4, self-cleaning the filter; 5, a gas-liquid mixing chamber; 6 electrolytic treatment equipment; 7 an active oxygen reaction chamber; 8 a reaction buffer chamber; 9, separating an air device; 10 oxygen storage tank, 11 metering pump;
2-1 pulse power supply, 2-2 pipeline and 2-3 insulated wire;
3-1 tank body, 3-2 inner cylinder, 3-3 water outlet, 3-4 oxygen pipe, 3-5 motor, 3-6 aeration impeller, 3-7 electrode plate, 3-8 water inlet, 3-9 air outlet.
Detailed Description
In specific implementation, the technical scheme can be realized as follows:
a method of treating black and odorous surface water comprising the steps of:
1) Scale inhibition is carried out on the surface water to be treated: applying a specific electromagnetic signal to a pipeline of the surface water to be treated to induce water molecules to generate resonance;
the pulse power supply is adopted, the voltage is 220V, the current is constant at 3A, and the duty ratio is 10% -90%. When the frequency of the electromagnetic signal is 1.75kHz, the highest inside of a UPVC pipeline of the DN50 can reach 5600mT, and the center of the UPVC pipeline is 620mT; the inside of the DN50 carbon steel pipeline can reach 4500mT, and the center is 300mT. Is generally arranged on a pipeline below DN100, and the smaller the pipeline is, the larger the internal magnetic field is, and the better the effect is.
2) Filtering the water treated in the step 1);
3) Adding dissolved oxygen in water and performing electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the water obtained in the step 2) in a closed tank body;
3.1 The step of increasing dissolved oxygen in the water comprises:
3.1.1 Firstly, preparing oxygen;
3.1.2 Then the aeration chamber in the aeration head rotates at high speed to form a negative pressure area, the pressure is 0.25 Mpa-0.35 Mpa, and is generally 0.30Mpa, so that oxygen enters the negative pressure area, and the oxygen is uniformly cut into small bubbles by liquid rotating at high speed;
3.1.3 And then pressurized by high-speed rotation. The rotating speed is 1420r/m, the pressure can reach 0.42Mpa, and a similar vacuum area is formed by high-pressure rotation, so that nanoscale microbubbles are formed by pressurization, the microbubbles keep high-speed kinetic energy, and the maximum speed of the microbubbles can reach 160-320 m/s;
3.2 Electrocatalytic oxidation treatment):
the catalytic oxidation process by the electrode generates a plurality of active groups including superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals and H 2 O 2 ；
H 2 O——H + +OH -
MO x +H 2 O→MO x (·OH)+H + +e -
MO x (·OH)→MO x+1 +H + +e -
R+MO x (·OH) z →RO z +MO x +z H + +ze -
R+MO x+1 →RO+MO x
O 2 +e - ——O 2 -
O 3 +e - ——O 3 -
OH - +H 2 O——H 3 O 2 -
2NH 3 +H 2 O 2 +O 2 ——N 2 +4H 2 O
(MO x : metal oxide, MO x+1 : a metal peroxide; r represents an organic contaminant; MO (MO) x (. OH): metal oxide adsorbing OH; RO: oxidized organic contaminants; o (O) 2 - : an oxyanion; o (O) 3 - : ozone anions; h 3 O 2 - : hydrated hydroxide radical)
4) Carrying out biochemical treatment on the water treated in the step 3):
4.1 The water obtained by the treatment in the step 3) is treated by adopting biological sludge.
The most important biological sludge is bacteria and protozoa, wherein the bacteria are divided into free bacteria, zoogloea and filamentous bacteria, and the protozoa are meat feet, flagella, fibrohair, straw and the like. The pH value is about 6.5-8.0, the treatment time is related to the electrocatalytic oxidation efficiency, the higher the efficiency is, the shorter the treatment time is, and the average time is about 24 hours. And in the aerobic process, the temperature is maintained at about 25 ℃. The dosage is 2500mg/L, and the dosage is not needed for at least 3 months after one dosage, and the specific situation is the standard of the running situation.
4.2 And (2) treating the water treated in the step 4.1) by using beneficial bacteria.
The beneficial bacteria are bacteria which exist in a large amount in natural water bodies such as photosynthetic bacteria, spores, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes, nitrifying bacteria, bdellovibrio and the like, and the water bodies are not destroyed. The temperature is controlled between 25 ℃ and 35 ℃ generally, and the residence time is 10 min. As the vertical horse returns to the original river after the addition treatment of the strain, the strain is added in a selected time, and the effect is final under the conditions of bright sunshine and proper temperature.
5) The water obtained by the treatment in the step 4) is the obtained purified water.
In the step 2), large particles in water are trapped by a 200-mesh self-cleaning filter, so that turbidity is reduced, and water quality is purified; the whole filter body is made of carbon steel, and the filter screen is made of 316L material; the filter screens are 3 groups of 12.
In the step 3.1.1), the method for preparing oxygen is to separate air by a molecular sieve adsorption method, perform a nitrogen-oxygen separation process to prepare oxygen, and buffer the oxygen by a storage tank.
In the step 3.1.2), a continuous multi-port air outlet device is adopted; for the tank body, a cylinder body is arranged inside the tank body.
In the step 3.2), 3-5 groups of electrodes are used for reaction; the positive and negative electrodes of the electrodes are switched, the time for switching the positive and negative electrodes is determined by the conductivity of water, and once the conductivity exceeds a threshold value, the positive and negative electrodes are switched. Conductivity of (2)
In said step 3.2) a filler is installed between each set of electrodes. In order to ensure that the distance between electrodes with the electrolysis efficiency is less than or equal to 15mm, 10mm is taken, and the filler adopts iron-manganese filler with the iron content of more than 70 percent or iron-carbon filler
The sludge precipitated at the bottom of the biochemical reaction chamber in the step 4) is cleaned once at intervals (the interval time is about 12 days); a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, a door controlled by an electric magnetic valve is arranged on the tank body, and the drain outlet is controlled by an automatic control system.
1-3, a surface water treatment system for realizing the method comprises a lifting pump, a scale inhibition device, a self-cleaning filtering device, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, an electrolytic treatment device, an active oxygen reaction chamber and a reaction buffer chamber which are sequentially connected by pipelines; also comprises an automatic control system; the water outlet of the reaction buffer chamber is the water outlet of the system;
the gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected with an air separation device through an air inlet pipe; an oxygen storage tank is connected between the air separation device and the gas-liquid mixing chamber.
The scale inhibiting device has insulated copper wires closely arranged on the outer wall of the tube, and the interval between the coils is 1mm and about 300-400 turns. The copper wire adopts the enameled wire, and copper wire thick 2mm. After the winding of the coil is completed, the coil is wrapped by an insulating material to ensure safety.
The self-cleaning filter adopts a full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter, a differential pressure transmitter is arranged, and when the differential pressure reaches a set value, the motor automatically starts to operate to drive the brush to rotate inside. Specifically, the set pressure difference value should be determined according to the turbidity of the raw water, and the larger the turbidity is, the smaller the set pressure value is.
The gas-liquid mixing chamber and the electrolytic treatment device are arranged in a metal tank body, and micro-nano bubbles generated during gas-liquid mixing have very high energy and very short residence time, so that the micro-nano bubbles need to be quickly converted into active oxygen free radicals through the electrolytic treatment device. The water inlet and the water outlet are designed on the same side so as to ensure the extension of the retention time of the inlet water and better degrade COD.
The technical scheme is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments:
the method for treating the surface water of the black and odorous river channel comprises the following steps:
1) An electromagnetic scale-inhibiting device is arranged on a main pipeline at the water inlet end, and can send out a specific frequency signal to induce water molecules in the pipeline to generate resonance;
(on one hand, the combination of soluble calcium ions and carbonic acid ions in the solution is prevented to form scale, on the other hand, molecular resonance breaks the hydrogen bond in the liquid hydrate, so that a large amount of water molecules are released, the appearance of free water molecules means the increase of the water dissolving capacity, and the solubility of the scale is improved)
2) The 200-mesh self-cleaning filter is utilized to intercept large particles in water, reduce turbidity and purify water quality. The whole filter body is made of carbon steel, and the filter screen is made of 316L material.
To ensure the removal effect, the filter screens are 3 groups and 36.
3) The water flowing out of the self-cleaning filter enters the tank body, and the tank body is placed in a cylindrical horizontal mode, so that two processes of adding dissolved oxygen in the water and electrocatalytic oxidation are completed in the tank body.
For the process of increasing dissolved oxygen in water:
firstly, separating air by using a molecular sieve adsorption method, preparing oxygen by performing a nitrogen-oxygen separation process, and buffering by using a storage tank;
then the aeration head is utilized to rotate at a high speed in the aeration chamber to form a negative pressure area, so that oxygen enters the negative pressure area, the oxygen is uniformly cut into small bubbles by liquid rotating at a high speed, then the small bubbles are formed by pressurization at a high speed, and the small bubbles are kept at a high speed for energy output.
The micro-nano bubbles are not influenced by the solubility of oxygen in water, are not limited by external conditions such as temperature, pressure and the like, and can stay in the water body for a long time. After micro-nano bubbles enter a water body at a high speed, very complex chemical changes are generated through a physical action mode, a large amount of active oxygen free radicals are generated, and the energy of the active oxygen free radicals can break covalent bonds between water molecules, covalent bonds between water molecules and pollutants and chemical bond connection inside the pollutants, so that the active oxygen is quickly dissolved in the water in a molecular state and an ionic state to become dissolved oxygen, and meanwhile, various active oxygen free radicals are quickly oxidized to degrade the pollutants. The process can degrade COD (chemical oxygen demand) and is favorable for the next degradation.
Electrocatalytic oxidation process: the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, and a large number of active groups (mainly including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and H) are generated through the catalytic oxidation process of the electrode 2 O 2 ) The strong oxidizing property of the active group can sterilize and kill algae and degrade COD.
H 2 O——H + +OH -
MO x +H 2 O→MO x (·OH)+H + +e -
MO x (·OH)→MO x+1 +H + +e -
R+MO x (·OH) z →RO z +MO x+ z H + +ze -
R+MO x+1 →RO+MO x
O 2 +e - ——O 2 -
O 3 +e - ——O 3 -
OH - +H 2 O——H 3 O 2 -
2NH 3 +H 2 O 2 +O 2 ——N 2 +4H 2 O
For the electrochemical process, 3 to 5 groups of electrodes are arranged in order to ensure the effect equipment, and positive and negative electrodes can be converted regularly, so that scaling on the surface of a negative plate is avoided, and the working efficiency is reduced.
To enhance the efficiency of active oxygen radical generation, a filler is installed between each set of electrodes. The conversion of the anode and the cathode adopts a conductivity detection device, and the conversion is automatic once the conductivity exceeds a certain value. For the process of increasing Dissolved Oxygen (DO), a continuous multi-port air outlet device is adopted, so that the contact area of oxygen and water is greatly enhanced.
For the tank body, a cylinder body is arranged in the tank body, so that the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at one end, the residence time of water in the device is greatly prolonged, and the aeration effect and the electrochemical catalytic effect are enhanced.
The water discharged from the tank body enters a biochemical reaction chamber, the equipment is provided with a metering pump, and special active beneficial bacteria are automatically added into the tank body through the control of a control cabinet, so that on one hand, the organic matters in the water are further degraded, and the pollution sources in the water are eliminated; on the other hand, beneficial bacteria in water can be increased to restore the self-cleaning capability of the water body, so that the self-cleaning capability of the water body is restored fundamentally.
The sludge at the bottom of the reaction chamber is automatically cleaned once at intervals, so that the effect in the reaction chamber is ensured. A drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, an electric magnetic valve is arranged on the tank body, and the drain process is controlled by a control cabinet.
The whole equipment adopts full automatic control, and can automatically run after installation without being attended. The equipment can automatically drain sewage once every 12 days, so that the operation effect of the equipment is ensured. Meanwhile, the water quality control device can be adjusted at any time according to the water quality condition, is simple and convenient to operate, and can be used for ensuring the treatment effect of the water body in a plurality of ways according to the water quantity.
A surface water treatment system having electrocatalytic oxidation and increasing water body dissolved oxygen functions, comprising: the device comprises a lifting pump, a self-cleaning filter, an electromagnetic scale inhibitor, a tank body, a gas-liquid mixer, a biochemical reaction chamber, an electrode device, a direct-current voltage-stabilizing phase-change power supply, a control cabinet and the like.
The lifting pump, the self-cleaning filter, the tank body and the biochemical reaction chamber are all provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and are connected in series. The water inlet of the lifting pump is positioned in the middle, the water outlet of the lifting pump is connected with the water inlet of the self-cleaning filter, the water outlet of the self-cleaning filter is connected with the water inlet of the tank body, the water outlet of the tank body is connected with the water inlet of the reaction chamber, and the water outlet of the reaction chamber is arranged in the river channel.
The self-cleaning filter is dirt-absorbing, water enters from the inlet, and impurities with larger particles are filtered out through the coarse filter screen firstly and then reach the fine filter screen. In the filtering process, the fine filter screen gradually accumulates dirt and impurities in water to form a filtering impurity layer, and as the impurity layer is accumulated on the inner side of the fine filter screen, a pressure difference is formed on the inner side and the outer side of the fine filter screen. When the pressure difference of the filter reaches the preset value of the filter, the automatic cleaning process is started, and after the inner surface of the whole filter screen is completely cleaned, the filter starts to be prepared for the next flushing period. The self-cleaning filter intercepts most of suspended matters in the water body, and avoids adverse effects on the increase of DO value caused by excessive suspended matters.
After DO value is increased and electrocatalytic oxidation is carried out on the water body in the tank body, the water quality entering the biochemical reaction chamber is good, and bacterial feeding is facilitated. The beneficial bacteria added into the biochemical reaction chamber have no pollution to the environment, and are beneficial to the environment; and changing one strain every time brings more remarkable effect to the application of the device. The size of the biochemical reaction chamber is determined according to the actual situation, and in principle, water can stay in the reaction chamber for 5 to 10 seconds, so that the bacterial strain and the water are fully mixed, and the residual organic matters are degraded.
As in fig. 1, surface water refers to a contaminated body of water; 2. the lift pump is used for introducing water into the system so as to carry out the subsequent treatment process; 3. the electromagnetic scale-inhibiting instrument utilizes electromagnetic principle to prevent scaling on the surface of the cathode and has adverse effect on the electrolysis process; 4. the self-cleaning filter is used for filtering suspended matters in the water body and preventing electrolysis from being influenced by excessive suspended matters; 5. the gas-liquid mixing is mainly used for fully mixing oxygen and water and improving the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body; 6. the electrolytic water treatment equipment is used for electrolyzing the water body added with the dissolved oxygen to generate substances with strong oxidability, so that the sterilization and algae removal effects are achieved; 7. the active oxygen reaction chamber is used for further treating the water body by adding some biological sludge; 8. the reaction buffer chamber prolongs the time of the water body to be treated on one hand, and beneficial bacteria are added on the other hand, so that the self-cleaning capability of the water body is recovered; 9. the air separation device is used for realizing nitrogen-oxygen separation to obtain oxygen with higher concentration; 10. the oxygen buffer storage tank is used for effectively controlling the pressure; 11. the metering pump can be used for metering and adding according to the water quantity and the quantity of bacteria and algae in the water, and the continuous feeding mode is adopted.
Experimental data using local surface water treatment techniques
The technology is adopted for testing a large river channel in Nanjing in the year 2016, 7 and 15, and related data are analyzed and detected at intervals, and the data result is shown in the following table 1:
table 1, equipment operation test data
After two months of use, COD cr From 232mg/L to 31mg/L, DO and from 0.81mg/L to 5.29mg/L, BOD 5 The concentration is reduced from 45mg/L to 13mg/L, and each value accords with the class III water quality standard of the surface water.
Claims (5)
1. A method of treating black and odorous surface water, characterized by the steps of:
1) Scale inhibition is carried out on the surface water to be treated: applying electromagnetic waves to a pipeline of surface water to be treated to induce water molecules to generate resonance; the electromagnetic wave is generated by winding an electrified coil on the pipeline; the two ends of the coil are connected to a pulse power supply; the output power of the pulse power supply is 660 watts, the duty ratio is 10% -90%, and the frequency is 1.75kHz;
2) Filtering the water treated in the step 1);
3) Adding dissolved oxygen in water and performing electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the water obtained in the step 2) in a closed tank body;
3.1 The step of increasing dissolved oxygen in the water comprises:
3.1.1 Firstly, preparing oxygen, and introducing the oxygen into a closed tank body;
3.1.2 In the water in the closed tank body, the paddle rotates at high speed to form a negative pressure area; the blade is provided with a through hole, a cavity is arranged in the blade, and the cavity is communicated with the through hole; the oxygen obtained in the step 3.1.1) enters the cavity of the blade and enters the negative pressure area through the through hole; the paddle drives water to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid rotating at the high speed uniformly cuts oxygen into small bubbles;
the pressure of the negative pressure area is 0.25 Mpa-0.35 Mpa;
3.1.3 Pressurizing the small bubbles by the paddle rotating at high speed to obtain nano-scale micro-bubbles, and keeping the micro-bubbles at high speed;
the rotating speed of the paddle is 1420r/m, and the pressure for pressurizing the small bubbles is 0.4-0.43 Mpa;
the speed of the micro-bubbles is 160-320 m/s;
3.2 Electrocatalytic oxidation treatment):
the catalytic oxidation process by the electrode generates a plurality of active groups including superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals and H 2 O 2 ；
H 2 O —— H + + OH -
MO x +H 2 O→MO x (·OH)+H + +e -
MO x (·OH) →MO x+1 + H + +e -
R+ MO x (·OH) z →RO z + MO x +z H + +ze -
R+ MO x+1 →RO+ MO x
O 2 + e - —— O 2 -
O 3 + e - —— O 3 -
OH - + H 2 O—— H 3 O 2 -
2NH 3 + H 2 O 2 + O 2 —— N 2 + 4H 2 O
Wherein: MO (MO) x : a metal oxide; MO (MO) x+1 : a metal peroxide; r represents an organic contaminant; MO (MO) x (. OH): metal oxide adsorbing OH; RO: oxidized organic contaminants; o (O) 2 - : an oxyanion; o (O) 3 - : ozone anions; h 3 O 2 - : hydrated hydroxide;
4) And (3) carrying out biochemical treatment on the water obtained in the step (3):
4.1 Firstly, treating water obtained by treating the step 3) by adopting biological sludge:
biological sludge includes two types, bacteria and protozoa; bacteria include free bacteria, zoogloea and/or filamentous bacteria; protozoan types include meat feet, whips, fibrils, and/or straw; these cells control zoogloea and/or filamentous bacteria numbers by no more than 20%;
the PH value of the water is 6.5-8.0, and the treatment time is 24 hours on average; the water temperature is maintained at 25+/-3 ℃, and the adding amount of the biological sludge is 2500mg/L; the adding frequency is 1 time in 3 months;
4.2 The water obtained by the treatment in step 4.1) is treated by beneficial bacteria:
the beneficial bacteria are bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, nitrifying bacteria and/or bdellovibrio;
bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the photosynthetic bacteria and the lactic acid bacteria is controlled at 2:1:1, a step of; yeast, nitrifying bacteria and/or Bdellovibrio are trace;
the water temperature is controlled at 25-35 ℃ and the treatment time is 10min plus or minus 2min;
5) The water obtained through the treatment in the step 4) is the finally obtained purified water.
2. The method for treating black and odorous surface water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), large particles in the water are trapped by using a 200-mesh self-cleaning filter, turbidity is reduced, and water quality is purified; the cylinder body of the filter is made of carbon steel, and the filter screen is made of 316L stainless steel; 3 groups of filter screens, each group of filter screens comprises 12 filter screens;
a differential pressure transmitter is arranged in the self-cleaning filter, and when the differential pressure at two ends of the filter screen reaches a set value, the motor starts to operate and drives the brush to rotate in the filter screen to scrub the filter screen; the set value of the differential pressure is determined according to the turbidity of the raw water, and the larger the turbidity is, the smaller the set pressure value is.
3. The method for treating black and odorous surface water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3.1.1), the method for preparing oxygen is to separate air by using a molecular sieve adsorption method, perform a nitrogen-oxygen separation process to prepare oxygen, and use a storage tank for buffer storage.
4. The method for treating black and odorous surface water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3.2), 3 to 5 groups of electrodes are used for the reaction; the positive and negative electrodes of the electrodes are converted; the time for switching the anode and the cathode is determined by the conductivity of water, and once the conductivity exceeds a threshold value, the anode and the cathode are switched;
a filler is arranged between each group of electrodes; the distance between each group of electrodes is less than or equal to 15mm, and the thickness of the packing layer is 10mm; the filler adopts iron-manganese filler with iron content more than 70 percent or iron-carbon filler with iron content more than 70 percent.
5. A surface water treatment system for realizing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a lifting pump, a scale inhibition device, a self-cleaning filtering device, an oxygen generation and storage device, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, an electrolytic treatment device, an active oxygen reaction chamber and a reaction buffer chamber which are sequentially connected by pipelines; the system also comprises an upper industrial personal computer; the water inlet of the lifting pump is the raw water inlet of the system, and the water outlet of the reaction buffer chamber is the purified water outlet of the system;
A. the scale inhibition device comprises a pulse power supply, a pipeline and an insulated wire, wherein the insulated wire is wound outside the pipeline, and two ends of the wire are respectively connected with the "+" and "-" terminals output by the pulse power supply; the control signal input end of the pulse power supply is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
B. the self-cleaning filter is a full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter; differential pressure transmitters are arranged on two sides of a filter screen in the full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter; the operation control end of the cleaning brush of the full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC, and the output end of the differential pressure transmitter is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
C. the oxygen generation and storage device comprises an air separation device and an oxygen storage tank, and an oxygen outlet of the air separation device is connected with the oxygen storage tank; an oxygen outlet of the oxygen storage tank is connected with an oxygen inlet of the gas-liquid mixing chamber;
D. the electrolytic treatment device and the gas-liquid mixing chamber share a tank body made of the same metal material; an inner cylinder is arranged in the metal tank body; the first end of the inner cylinder is connected in the first end face of the tank body; the second end of the inner cylinder is an open end; the water inlet is arranged on the first end face of the tank body and is communicated with the cavity surrounded by the inner cylinder; the water outlet is arranged on the first end face of the tank body, and a cavity formed by the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the tank body is communicated with the water outlet;
the oxygen pipe is also arranged, the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe is arranged in the tank body, and the air inlet end is arranged outside the tank body; the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe extends into the cavity in the inner cylinder;
the tank body is provided with a motor outside, a rotor of the motor is connected with an aeration impeller through a rotating shaft, and the aeration impeller is arranged in the tank body and is positioned in a cavity in the inner cylinder; the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe corresponds to the position of the aeration impeller; the blade of the aeration impeller is hollow, and the blade is provided with an air outlet; the hollow of the blade is communicated with the air outlet end of the oxygen pipe; the motor is connected with the upper industrial personal computer through the PLC;
an electrode plate is arranged in the inner cylinder, and the shape of the outer edge of the electrode plate corresponds to the shape of the inner edge of the inner cylinder; the electrode plate is mesh-shaped; the two electrode plates are arranged in the inner cylinder in pairs, and are perpendicular to the axis of the inner cylinder; the electrode plate is connected with an upper industrial personal computer through a PLC;
a circle of hard resin is fixed at the outer edge of each pair of electrode plates, and a filler is filled in the space between the pair of electrode plates; the mesh aperture of the electrode plate is smaller than the particle size of the granular filler; the filler between the pair of electrode plates is in a loose state;
E. biological sludge is arranged in the active oxygen reaction chamber; beneficial bacteria are arranged in the reaction buffer chamber;
the wire is an insulated copper wire; the copper wire adopts an enameled wire, and the thickness of the copper wire is 2mm;
the insulated wires are closely arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline, and the interval between adjacent turns of coils is 1mm and 300-400 turns; the coil is wrapped with insulating materials;
the full-automatic brush type self-cleaning filter is a 200-mesh self-cleaning filter, and a cylinder body of the filter is made of carbon steel; the filter screens are 3 groups of 12, and the filter screens are made of 316L stainless steel;
the bottom of the active oxygen reaction chamber is provided with a sewage outlet, the sewage outlet is provided with an electric control valve, and the electric control valve is connected with an upper industrial personal computer through a PLC; the sewage outlet is opened once every 12 days to clean the precipitated sludge.
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| CN106542617B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2023-04-07 | 中夏新能源（上海）有限公司 | Sewage treatment robot |
| CN108094302A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-01 | 广东威特宝土壤修复科研中心有限公司 | Method for purifying water and system and earthy taste of fresh water fish minimizing technology |
| CN108275840B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-05-04 | 江南大学 | Electrochemical biological composite in-situ black and odorous river channel treatment process |
| CN109231711B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2021-05-18 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Black and odorous river sewage treatment system and method |
| CN109504628A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-22 | 南开大学 | A kind of preparation method of microbial deoderizer |
| CN110240363A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 江苏润聚环保科技有限公司 | Villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit and villages and small towns waste water control construction method |
| TWI808839B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-07-11 | 金翔生物科技股份有限公司 | Crop cleaning waste liquid recycling system and treatment method thereof |
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