CN106259578A - 一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂 - Google Patents

一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂 Download PDF

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CN106259578A
CN106259578A CN201610634987.1A CN201610634987A CN106259578A CN 106259578 A CN106259578 A CN 106259578A CN 201610634987 A CN201610634987 A CN 201610634987A CN 106259578 A CN106259578 A CN 106259578A
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朱同贵
周维金
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，涉及种子贮藏技术领域，由如下重量份数的原料制成：鲜山楂叶15‑20份、鲜胡椒叶10‑15份、鲜紫苏叶10‑15份、鲜香椿叶6‑11份、活性白土5‑8份、鲜辣蓼草4‑6份、火山灰4‑6份、干桂皮3‑5份、陈皮3‑5份、花椒3‑5份、鸦胆子2‑3份、白附子2‑3份、聚合硫酸铁2‑3份、石膏粉1‑2份、姜粉1‑2份、料酒1‑2份、食盐0.5‑1份、芥子油0.5‑1份、芒硝0.3‑0.5份、冰片0.3‑0.5份。本发明防虫防霉变剂的防虫防霉变效果好，并且可直接与种子播入土壤中，不会对土壤造成污染，反而会对土壤中的有害虫卵和病菌起到杀灭或抑制作用。

Description

一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂
技术领域：
本发明涉及种子贮藏技术领域，具体涉及一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂。
背景技术：
农作物种子的贮藏十分重要，直接关系种子存活率和播种后的发芽率。通常农作物种子的贮藏质量和时间取决于种子前期的干燥和贮藏条件的控制，但仍会出现种子虫蛀和霉变的现象，降低种子可利用率。针对这一问题，我们开发出一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，能够有效防止种子虫蛀和霉变，并且直接播种后不会对土壤造成污染，反而会进一步对土壤中的有害虫卵和病菌起到杀灭或抑制作用。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种制备成本低、原料易得且对土壤友好的利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，由如下重量份数的原料制成：
鲜山楂叶15-20份、鲜胡椒叶10-15份、鲜紫苏叶10-15份、鲜香椿叶6-11份、活性白土5-8份、鲜辣蓼草4-6份、火山灰4-6份、干桂皮3-5份、陈皮3-5份、花椒3-5份、鸦胆子2-3份、白附子2-3份、聚合硫酸铁2-3份、石膏粉1-2份、姜粉1-2份、料酒1-2份、食盐0.5-1份、芥子油0.5-1份、芒硝0.3-0.5份、冰片0.3-0.5份；
其制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将鲜山楂叶、鲜胡椒叶、鲜紫苏叶、鲜香椿叶和鲜辣蓼草切碎后送入冷冻干燥机，充分冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末，再加入活性白土、火山灰和石膏粉，混合均匀后于0-5℃下静置12h，即得粉料I；
(2)将干桂皮、陈皮、花椒、鸦胆子和白附子加热至70-80℃保温混合10min，然后趁热粉碎成粉末，再加入料酒、食盐和芥子油，充分混合后继续在70-80℃下保温混合5min，即得粉料II；
(3)向粉料I中加入粉料II、聚合硫酸铁、姜粉、芒硝和冰片，充分研磨使其混合均匀。
所述活性白土经过改性处理，其处理方法为：将45-55份活性白土充分分散于100-120份水中，再加入5-8份萜烯树脂、3-5份纳米二氧化硅和0.5-1份硅烷偶联剂，混合均匀后加热至回流状态保温30min，然后于微波频率2450MHz、功率700W下微波处理10min，所得混合物加热浓缩成固含量65-75％的膏体，并趁热加入2-3份卡波树脂和1-2份木质素磺酸钠，充分混合后送入喷雾干燥机，所得颗粒研磨成粉末，最后于550-600℃下煅烧3h即可。
活性白土通过改性能够增加其反复吸水和释水能力，以代替高分子保水剂对种子进行控水，保证种子正常含水量，防止种子因过度吸水而霉变，或因过度失水而失活。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明以香辛料为主要原料，并辅以多种助剂制得农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，不仅原料易得，制备成本低，同时防虫防霉变效果好，使用时直接与种子拌合即可发挥作用，并且可直接与种子播入土壤中，不会对土壤造成污染，反而会对土壤中的有害虫卵和病菌起到杀灭或抑制作用。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)将20份鲜山楂叶、10份鲜胡椒叶、10份鲜紫苏叶、6份鲜香椿叶和4份鲜辣蓼草切碎后送入冷冻干燥机，充分冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末，再加入8份活性白土、5份火山灰和1份石膏粉，混合均匀后于0-5℃下静置12h，即得粉料I；
(2)将5份干桂皮、3份陈皮、3份花椒、3份鸦胆子和2份白附子加热至70-80℃保温混合10min，然后趁热粉碎成粉末，再加入1份料酒、0.5份食盐和0.5份芥子油，充分混合后继续在70-80℃下保温混合5min，即得粉料II；
(3)向粉料I中加入粉料II、3份聚合硫酸铁、1份姜粉、0.5份芒硝和0.3份冰片，充分研磨使其混合均匀。
活性白土的改性处理：将45份活性白土充分分散于100份水中，再加入5份萜烯树脂、3份纳米二氧化硅和0.5份硅烷偶联剂，混合均匀后加热至回流状态保温30min，然后于微波频率2450MHz、功率700W下微波处理10min，所得混合物加热浓缩成固含量65-75％的膏体，并趁热加入3份卡波树脂和1份木质素磺酸钠，充分混合后送入喷雾干燥机，所得颗粒研磨成粉末，最后于550-600℃下煅烧3h即可。
实施例2
(1)将15份鲜山楂叶、15份鲜胡椒叶、10份鲜紫苏叶、8份鲜香椿叶和4份鲜辣蓼草切碎后送入冷冻干燥机，充分冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末，再加入6份活性白土、5份火山灰和1份石膏粉，混合均匀后于0-5℃下静置12h，即得粉料I；
(2)将3份干桂皮、3份陈皮、3份花椒、2份鸦胆子和2份白附子加热至70-80℃保温混合10min，然后趁热粉碎成粉末，再加入2份料酒、0.5份食盐和0.5份芥子油，充分混合后继续在70-80℃下保温混合5min，即得粉料II；
(3)向粉料I中加入粉料II、3份聚合硫酸铁、2份姜粉、0.5份芒硝和0.3份冰片，充分研磨使其混合均匀。
活性白土的改性处理：将55份活性白土充分分散于120份水中，再加入8份萜烯树脂、5份纳米二氧化硅和0.5份硅烷偶联剂，混合均匀后加热至回流状态保温30min，然后于微波频率2450MHz、功率700W下微波处理10min，所得混合物加热浓缩成固含量65-75％的膏体，并趁热加入2份卡波树脂和1份木质素磺酸钠，充分混合后送入喷雾干燥机，所得颗粒研磨成粉末，最后于550-600℃下煅烧3h即可。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，其特征在于，由如下重量份数的原料制成：
鲜山楂叶15-20份、鲜胡椒叶10-15份、鲜紫苏叶10-15份、鲜香椿叶6-11份、活性白土5-8份、鲜辣蓼草4-6份、火山灰4-6份、干桂皮3-5份、陈皮3-5份、花椒3-5份、鸦胆子2-3份、白附子2-3份、聚合硫酸铁2-3份、石膏粉1-2份、姜粉1-2份、料酒1-2份、食盐0.5-1份、芥子油0.5-1份、芒硝0.3-0.5份、冰片0.3-0.5份；
其制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将鲜山楂叶、鲜胡椒叶、鲜紫苏叶、鲜香椿叶和鲜辣蓼草切碎后送入冷冻干燥机，充分冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末，再加入活性白土、火山灰和石膏粉，混合均匀后于0-5℃下静置12h，即得粉料I；
(2)将干桂皮、陈皮、花椒、鸦胆子和白附子加热至70-80℃保温混合10min，然后趁热粉碎成粉末，再加入料酒、食盐和芥子油，充分混合后继续在70-80℃下保温混合5min，即得粉料II；
(3)向粉料I中加入粉料II、聚合硫酸铁、姜粉、芒硝和冰片，充分研磨使其混合均匀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用香辛料制备的农作物种子防虫防霉变剂，其特征在于：所述活性白土经过改性处理，其处理方法为：将45-55份活性白土充分分散于100-120份水中，再加入5-8份萜烯树脂、3-5份纳米二氧化硅和0.5-1份硅烷偶联剂，混合均匀后加热至回流状态保温30min，然后于微波频率2450MHz、功率700W下微波处理10min，所得混合物加热浓缩成固含量65-75％的膏体，并趁热加入2-3份卡波树脂和1-2份木质素磺酸钠，充分混合后送入喷雾干燥机，所得颗粒研磨成粉末，最后于550-600℃下煅烧3h即可。
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Cited By (1)

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CN107019004A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-08 安徽家壹味食品有限公司 利用花椒油加工副产物花椒壳制备油粕防虫防霉剂的方法

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