CN106259137A - A kind of racetrack high density closes aquaculture system and the method for aquatic - Google Patents
A kind of racetrack high density closes aquaculture system and the method for aquatic Download PDFInfo
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- CN106259137A CN106259137A CN201610647355.9A CN201610647355A CN106259137A CN 106259137 A CN106259137 A CN 106259137A CN 201610647355 A CN201610647355 A CN 201610647355A CN 106259137 A CN106259137 A CN 106259137A
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 67
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of racetrack high density and close aquaculture system, including water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and some cultivation unit, described cultivation unit includes runway recognition pond, barrier wall, water circulating pump, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism, granule removal mechanism and discharge outlet, relatively easy being prone to builds this cultivating system, operation maintenance is convenient, practical；The invention also discloses the method utilizing above-mentioned track systems aquatic, microorganisms in water Community Ecology function in the method application biological flocculation technology orientation consolidation system, regulation and control cultivation water in situ, controls the poisonous and harmful factors such as the ammonia nitrogen in water body, nitrite；And control aqueous bio floc sedimentation and other suspended particulate substance quantity, many-sided Water quality that optimizes, promotion aquaculture organism healthy growth with granule removal mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of racetrack high density close aquaculture system and
The method of aquatic.
Background technology
Culture fishery is one of the mainstay industry in China's fishery field, the most economic fish of current China
With prawn mainly in pond culture mode, but structure optimization and technology upgrading pressure are faced, in production efficiency, resource profit
Urgently promote by the aspect such as rate, environmental conservation, actively promote industrialized culture system meet to aquaculture Intensive property, can
Sustainable development requirement.As a example by prawn, the prawn industrial circulating water cultivating system design principle of the outer research and development application of Present Domestic
Essentially identical with technological process, i.e. processed by culturing pool and supporting a series of water and control facility device systems forms, cultivation
Water through precipitating, filter, carrying out a biological disposal upon, disinfection, homoiothermic, the link such as oxygen supplement is re-delivered in culturing pool circulation again makes
With, there is the problems such as system constructing investment is big, maintenance cost is high, operation energy consumption is big, technical management is difficult, be difficult to scale in a short time
Popularization and application.How to simplify process and high efficiency regulatory water quality is the key realizing the development of industrialized culture system scaleization.20 generation
United States plants circulating water culture system at the end of the nineties of recording uses runway recognition pond, generally comprises air lift pump, micropore increasing
The plurality of devices such as oxygen pipe, venturi ejector and various ways combine, and breeding water body carries out oxygen supplement and promotion, overall and
Speech, the mounting arrangements of its device element is complex and oxygen supplement is inefficient.Jet-flow oxygen increasing device is to utilize jet flow negative pressure former
A kind of multipurpose aeration mode that reason grows up, is mainly used in sewage industrialization purified treatment field, in order to enter water body
Row oxygen supplement and promotion.As the core component of jet-flow oxygen increasing device, mixing wastewater with air ejector can single or multiple connecting water pipe nets
It is used in conjunction with water pump, there is the advantages such as simple in construction is easily assembled, with low cost, oxygenation effect is good.But by introducing Aquatic product support
Grow field, especially for racetrack industrialized culture system features, ejector is optimized improvement and goes forward side by side the application of professional etiquette modelling
Report the most rare.
Biological flocculation technology day by day receives significant attention in cultivation water regulation in recent years, applies this technology to be possible not only to
Effectively control the ammonia nitrogen concentration in breeding water body, moreover it is possible to promote that the Cycle of nutrients in water body utilizes, improve efficiency of feed utilization,
Economy and ecological benefits are notable.This technology mainly adds organic carbon source by persistence external source at present, and regulation water body carbon-nitrogen ratio promotees
Water inlet body microbial growth, and then reach to utilize the target of microbial cleaning water quality；Additionally, be aided with paddle aerator,
Jet aerator and inflated type oxygen supplement facility etc. ensure the water oxygenation of high intensity.But in the existing research report of this technology
Totally there is also weak point following aspects to need to be further improved and promote, one is a lack of wadding a quilt with cotton breeding water body biology
Group's Bacterial community and the induction strengthening of ecological functions, promote the indigenous heterotrophism advantage in water body simply by regulation water body carbon-nitrogen ratio
The growth of bacterium, ignores different types of microorganisms function synergic；Two is to have no to propose phase for the actual demand of different breeding stage
The carbon source answered adds strategy, owing to the Nutrition level in different breeding stage and biological flocculation Bacterial community are all in bigger difference
Not, organic carbon source is added with a fixing quantitative proportion all the time, it is difficult to efficiently promote that the nutrient substance in water body is circulated
Recycling；Three are a lack of cultivation system hardware facility and microorganisms in water floc sedimentation function oriented control, cultivation water management etc.
Scientifically organically combine, and then make the relevant aspect such as cultivating system and biological flocculation regulation and control, water quality management lack system
Property and globality, simultaneously, it is also possible to cause the inessential waste in terms of breeding facility, system operation energy consumption and Financial cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of racetrack high density and close aquaculture system, this cultivating system is the simplest
Singly being prone to build, operation maintenance is convenient, practical, may be used for Penaeus vannamei, middle-size and small-size filter-feeding or omnivorousness swimming
The high density healthy aquaculture of the economy aquatic animals such as Fish.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of utilizes above-mentioned racetrack high density to close cultivating system aquatic
Method, the method coordinate utilize biological flocculation technology orientation consolidation system in microorganisms in water Community Ecology function, by adjust
The addition of joint carbon source and the concentration of biological flocculation, can regulate and control cultivation water in situ, and cultivation efficiency is high.
First purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of racetrack high density closes cultivation
System, including water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and some cultivation unit, one end of some cultivation unit connects water inlet pipe, opposite side
Connecting has outlet pipe, described cultivation unit to include runway recognition pond, barrier wall, water circulating pump, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, air water
Mixing jet oxygen-enriching mechanism, granule removal mechanism and discharge outlet, described runway recognition pond includes the length of a pair parallel setting
Pool wall, and a pair arc or semi-hexagonal short-pool wall, described barrier wall is arranged on the middle part in described runway recognition pond, and
Parallel setting with the long pool wall of described culturing pool, described water circulating pump is located therein the outside of a short-pool wall, described recirculated water
Pump water-supply-pipe is two, and every is arranged each along short-pool wall and long pool wall, and with the outlet of described water circulating pump by pipe
Road is connected, and described mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism is uniformly arranged on the water circulating pump water-supply-pipe arranged along long pool wall,
Outside that described granule removal mechanism is arranged on described culturing pool and the water circulating pump arranged along short-pool wall with wherein are defeated
Water pipe is connected, and described discharge outlet is arranged on the bottom of described culturing pool, and is connected with described drain pipe.
In this racetrack high density closes aquaculture system:
At the bottom of the pond in described runway recognition pond, a short-pool wall direction near water circulating pump is downward-sloping wherein, and with
Short-pool wall, two long pool walls form profundal zone, and described discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pond of described profundal zone, and by pipeline and described row
Water pipe is connected.
Angle of inclination at the bottom of described pond is preferably 0.2～0.5 °.
The short-pool wall of the profundal zone in described runway recognition pond is provided with culturing pool water body pumping conduit, described extraction pipeline
The one end being positioned at culturing pool is provided with drainage screen, and one end that described extraction pipeline is positioned at outside culturing pool enters with described water circulating pump
The mouth of a river is connected.
Described mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism includes aqueduct, airway and air water mixing jet device, described water guide
Pipe one end is connected with described water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, and the other end is connected with the water inlet of described mixing wastewater with air ejector, institute
Stating airway one end and contact air, the other end is connected with the air inlet of described mixing wastewater with air ejector, and described air water mixes
Close and between conical nozzle and the trunnion of ejector, form mixing wastewater with air room, aqueduct the water sprayed through nozzle and being entered by airway
The air entered warp after mixing wastewater with air room mixes is ejected by trunnion, thus promotes the water body flow in culturing pool and water body to increase
Oxygen.
Described granule removal mechanism preferably includes settling box, water inlet pipe, overflow pipe and precipitation discharge pipe, described water inlet every
Pipe one end is connected with a wherein water circulating pump water-supply-pipe of described water circulating pump by pipeline, and the other end has horn-like opening
Mouth is passed through the middle lower section of described settling box, and described overflow pipe one end is connected above described settling box, and the other end is supported with described
Growing pond to be connected, described precipitation discharge pipe is positioned at the lower section of described settling box, is used for discharging precipitate.
The pipeline that described water circulating pump outlet is connected with described water circulating pump water-supply-pipe is provided with regulation valve, described in enter
The pipeline that water pipe is connected with described water circulating pump is provided with regulation valve, and described overflow pipe is provided with regulation valve, described precipitation
It also is provided with on discharge pipe regulating valve.
The present invention is runway recognition pond, water circulating pump, mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism, granule removal mechanism and use
Carrying out rational deployment in the pipeline connecting above-mentioned culturing pool and relevant device device, a kind of suitable high density of integrated foundation is closed and is supported
The system grown；Utilizing microorganisms in water Community Ecology function in biological flocculation technology orientation consolidation system, regulation and control are supported in situ simultaneously
Grow water quality, and require to propose the operation management method of device systems according to different phase cultivation water environment, promote that this racetrack is high
Density is closed the software and hardware of aquaculture system and is merged, and the function proposing this cultivating system must ensure its structural system integrity
On the basis of just can effectively realize, enhance practicality and the universality of this cultivating system.Therefore, the racetrack of the present invention is highly dense
Degree is closed aquaculture system and is possessed good popularizing application prospect.
Second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: one utilizes above-mentioned racetrack high density
The method closing cultivating system appearance Aquatic product, comprises the following steps:
(1), before seed is put in a suitable place to breed, in culturing pool, introduce breeding water body by water inlet pipe, then start water circulating pump, rest
Export through two water circulating pump water-supply-pipes after growing the part water body filtration in pond and pass through mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism from supporting
Grow and eject in the way of air-water mixture at the bottom of pond, form circulating water flow in the barrier wall both sides in runway recognition pond, simultaneously
To oxygen supply of water body, in water body, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is more than 4.0 mg/litre；
(2), when seed is put in a suitable place to breed, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, the flow of water body regulates the water in culturing pool
Rate of flow of fluid, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.01～0.06 meter per second, then puts Seedling；
(3) when cultivating 1～30 day, brown sugar being dissolved in full pool spilling head after cultivation water, and adds probiotics, probiotics is with nitrification
Based on bacterium, coordinate one or more in lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and photosynthetic bacteria simultaneously, culturing pool is formed biology
Floc sedimentation；
(4), after cultivating 30 days, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, the flow of water body regulates the water in culturing pool
Rate of flow of fluid and oxygen supplement intensity, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.10～0.30 meter per second, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 4.0～8.0 mg/litre, with
Time detection breeding water body in the concentration of biological flocculation, when in breeding water body, the concentration of biological flocculation is more than 20.0 ml l, logical
Cross granule removal mechanism and remove unnecessary biological flocculation and other suspension particulate matters, breeding process regulates the dense of biological flocculation
Degree is 5.0～20.0 ml l；
(5) after reaching to list specification, the Aquatic product economic animal of results cultivation, discharge cultivation water from the discharge outlet at the bottom of culturing pool
Body is to drain pipe.
Above-mentioned racetrack high density is utilized to close in the method for aquaculture system aquatic at this:
When described in step (2), seed is prawn, the density that every cubic metre of water body puts prawn shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed is 200～800 tails.
The breeding density of economic fish then must be formed the real needs such as yield carry out according to the concrete size specification of nursery, expection
Reasonable arrangement.
In step (3), the feeding volume of brown sugar is preferably the 45～55% of feedstuff feeding amount every day, when ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body
When being all higher than 1.0 mg/litre with the concentration of nitrite, increase brown sugar feeding volume be every day feedstuff feeding amount 95%～
105%.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
(1) the racetrack high density in the present invention closes aquaculture system, and system body is runway recognition pond, optimizes
Configuration water circulating pump, mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism and granule removal mechanism, relatively easy being prone to builds pond structure,
Operation maintenance is convenient, and technique simplifies and fully functional；
(2) present system is by utilizing water circulating pump and air water mixing jet oxygen-enriching mechanism to promote water to orient along runway
Circulate and continue oxygen-enriching, water circulating pump and air water mixing jet oxygen-enriching mechanism can according to breeding water body volume size and
Aquaculture organism bearing capacity carries out reasonable disposition and flexible, and granule removal mechanism is used for recycling and the water of culturing pool
Body floc sedimentation and the removal of particulate matter, can realize the zero-emission of water in breeding process substantially, so that the water money in production process
Source, electric power resource are efficiently utilized, and are prevented effectively from the consumption of non-essential, beneficially environmental conservation；
(3) present system is by utilizing water circulating pump and air water mixing jet device oxygen-enriching mechanism to promote water fixed along runway
Circulate to ring-type and continue oxygen-enriching；Meanwhile, the micro-life of water body in fit applications biological flocculation technology orientation consolidation system
Thing Community Ecology function, in situ regulation and control cultivation water, control the poisonous and harmful factors such as the ammonia nitrogen in water body, nitrite；And with
Granule removal mechanism controls aqueous bio floc sedimentation and other suspended particulate substance quantity, many-sided Water quality that optimizes, promotion cultivation
Biological healthy growth；
(4) cultural method of the present invention is with above-mentioned system facility as platform in breeding process, puts down based on water body environment nutrition
Weighing apparatus regulation and the biological flocculation reinforcement technique application of probiotics orientation regulating and controlling microbial Community Ecology function, efficiently realize this technology
The software and hardware of platform merges so that the normal operation cost of cultivating system is effectively controlled, and breeding technique simplifies, and runs
Management method is easily grasped, and possesses good practicality and universality, can realize efficient energy-saving and emission-reducing environmental protection, have a extensive future；
(5) present system and method are conducive to stably promoting breeding production economic benefit, also can avoid the cultivation of complexity
Water body dystopy decontamination cycle flow process, is greatly reduced investment and the operational management cost of breeding facility, and realizes water in breeding process
The zero-emission of body, beneficially saving water resource and protection environment, possess good popularizing application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cultivating workshop layout plane that in embodiment of the present invention 1-2, racetrack high density closes aquaculture system
Schematic diagram, wherein A, B refer to water (flow) direction；
Fig. 2 is that in embodiment of the present invention 1-2, racetrack high density closes aquaculture system structural plan schematic diagram, wherein
A, B refer to water (flow) direction；
Fig. 3 is that in embodiment of the present invention 1-2, racetrack high density closes aquaculture system schematic top plan view, wherein A, B
Refer to water (flow) direction；
Fig. 4 is the mixing wastewater with air ejector oxygen-increasing device structure Longitudinal cross section schematic in embodiment of the present invention 1-2, wherein C
Fingering water direction, D refers to that airintake direction, E refer to heavy-oxygen-enriched water water outlet direction；
Fig. 5 is the vertical-flow settling box structure Longitudinal cross section schematic in embodiment of the present invention 1-2, and F refers to water (flow) direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to the drawings, provide the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, be used for the composition to the present invention the most specifically
Bright.Should be appreciated that the following stated specific embodiment, only in order to explain the present invention, does not represent or limit the rights protection of the present invention
Scope, protection scope of the present invention is based on claims.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-5, the racetrack high density that the present embodiment provides closes aquaculture system, including water inlet pipe 1, goes out
Water pipe 2 and some cultivation unit, one end of some cultivation unit connects water inlet pipe 1, and opposite side connects outlet pipe 2, supports
Grow unit and include runway recognition pond 3, barrier wall 4, water circulating pump 5, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6, mixing wastewater with air jet oxygen-increasing machine
Structure 7, granule removal mechanism 8 and discharge outlet 9, runway recognition pond includes the long pool wall 31 of a pair parallel setting, and a pair
Arc or semi-hexagonal short-pool wall 32, barrier wall 4 is arranged on the middle part in runway recognition pond 3, and with the long pool wall of culturing pool 3
31 parallel settings, water circulating pump 5 is located therein the outside of a short-pool wall 32, and water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 is two, every equal edge
Short-pool wall 32 and long pool wall 31 is arranged, and be connected by pipeline with the outlet of water circulating pump 5, mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing
Mechanism 7 is uniformly arranged on the water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 of long pool wall 31 setting, and granule removal mechanism 8 is arranged on culturing pool 3
Outside and with wherein one along short-pool wall 32 arrange water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 be connected, discharge outlet 9 is arranged on culturing pool
The bottom of 3, and be connected with drain pipe 2.
Wherein at the bottom of the pond in runway recognition pond 3, short-pool wall 32 direction near water circulating pump 5 is downward-sloping wherein,
And forming profundal zone with the long pool wall 31 of short-pool wall 32, two, discharge outlet 9 is arranged at the bottom of the pond of profundal zone, and by pipeline and draining
Pipe 2 is connected.
Angle of inclination at the bottom of pond is 0.2～0.5 °.
The short-pool wall 32 of the profundal zone in runway recognition pond 3 is provided with culturing pool water body pumping conduit (not shown),
Extraction pipeline is positioned at one end of culturing pool and is provided with drainage screen, and one end that extraction pipeline is positioned at outside culturing pool enters with water circulating pump
The mouth of a river is connected.
Mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism 7 includes aqueduct 71, airway 72 and air water mixing jet device 73, aqueduct 71
One end is connected with water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6, and the other end is connected with the water inlet of mixing wastewater with air ejector, airway 72 one end
With contact air, the other end is connected with the air inlet of mixing wastewater with air ejector 73, the tapered injection of mixing wastewater with air ejector 73
Mixing wastewater with air room 733 is formed, aqueduct 71 water sprayed through nozzle 731 and being entered by airway 72 between mouth 731 and trunnion 732
The air entered after mixing wastewater with air room 733 mixes through being ejected by trunnion 732, thus promote the water body flow in culturing pool and
Water oxygenation.
Granule removal mechanism 8 includes settling box 81, water inlet pipe 82, overflow pipe 83 and precipitation discharge pipe 84, pipe of intaking
82 one end are connected with a wherein water circulating pump water-supply-pipe of water circulating pump 5 by pipeline, and the other end has flare openings
Being passed through the middle lower section of settling box 81, overflow pipe 82 one end is connected above settling box 81, and the other end is connected with culturing pool 3,
Precipitation discharge pipe 84 is positioned at the lower section of settling box 81, is used for discharging precipitate.
The pipeline that water circulating pump 5 outlet is connected with water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 is provided with regulation valve 10, pipe 82 of intaking
The pipeline being connected with water circulating pump 5 is provided with regulation valve 10, and overflow pipe 83 is provided with regulation valve 10, on precipitation discharge pipe 84 also
It is provided with regulation valve 10.
Embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 1, as Figure 1-5, the racetrack high density that the present embodiment provides closes cultivating system, including entering water
Pipe 1, outlet pipe 2 and four cultivation unit, one end of four cultivation unit connects water inlet pipe 1, and opposite side connects water outlet
Pipe 2, four cultivation unit are arranged in the cultivation greenhouse of controllable light, constitute a small-sized cultivating workshop.Booth is by steel structure frame
Constituting, in booth, each cultivation unit 3 is communicated to inside and outside workshop by water inlet pipe 1 and drain pipe 2 respectively.
Each cultivation unit all includes runway recognition pond 3, barrier wall 4, water circulating pump 5, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6, gas
Water mixing jet oxygen-enriching mechanism 7, granule removal mechanism 8 and discharge outlet 9, runway recognition pond includes the length of a pair parallel setting
Pool wall 31, and a pair arc or semi-hexagonal short-pool wall 32, barrier wall 4 is arranged on the middle part in runway recognition pond 3, and with
The parallel setting of long pool wall 31 of culturing pool 3, water circulating pump 5 is located therein the outside of a short-pool wall 32, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6
Being two, every is arranged each along short-pool wall 32 and long pool wall 31, and is connected by pipeline with the outlet of water circulating pump 5,
Mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism 7 is uniformly arranged on the water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 arranged along long pool wall 31, and granule removes machine
Structure 8 is arranged on the outside of culturing pool 3 and is connected with wherein water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 arranged along short-pool wall 32, row
The mouth of a river 9 is arranged on the bottom of culturing pool 3, and is connected with drain pipe 2.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, runway recognition pond 3 is track type cement pit, and long both sides are that pair of parallel pool wall is
Long pool wall 31, short both sides are the most short-pool walls of semi-hexagon shape 32 of a pair symmetry, and a length of 35.0 meters of cell body, width are 3.0 meters,
Be highly 1.1 meters, be the slope of 0.3 ° along long pool wall 31 towards short-pool wall 32 direction at the bottom of pond, the long pool wall 31 of short-pool wall 32, two it
Between formed profundal zone.
In pond, central authorities are provided with the 2 millimeters thick geomembranes of wide 1.0 meters, vertically-mounted and connect into one flat with long pool wall 31
The barrier wall 4 of row, respectively leaves 1.5 meters between the two ends of barrier wall 4 and two short-pool walls 32, and profundal zone one side bottom is provided with discharge outlet
9, its bottom surface arranges an elbow, and in the horizontal direction, an external DN300 drain pipe is connected with drain pipe 2, side, profundal zone
In the middle part of short-pool wall, break-through has drinking-water pipe pipe (not shown), and in pond, one is terminated with cylindrical drainage rack, is set with bolting silk outside it
Net, outside pond, one end is connected with one 1.5 kilowatts water circulating pump 4 water inlets, and in breeding process, bolting silk net needs according to aquaculture organism big
Little carry out 1 time change, use 40 mesh apertures when the most just having put Seedling, be replaced by 10 mesh apertures afterwards, it is therefore an objective to make culturing pool suitable
The unimpeded tulle that sieves, prevents aquaculture organism from sucking drinking-water pipe simultaneously.
Water circulating pump 5 is auto-suction pipe centrifugal pump, and outlet connects a water circulating pump connecting tube valve 10, then by three
Siphunculus divides two DN80 water circulating pump water-supply-pipes 6 to export, two water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 front ends respectively equipped with a Ball valve of pipeline,
Extend to long pool wall 31 then along short-pool wall 32, and difference arranged parallel is on the long pool wall of culturing pool two 31, two recirculated waters
Pump water-supply-pipe 6 end, respectively equipped with a hydraulic pressure gauge, every water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 is tapped as at the bottom of 4.0 meters of equidistant sensing ponds
Go out a reducing tee, and water pipe head with a Ball valve of pipeline and a band loose joint is connected successively, reconnects mixing wastewater with air
Ejector oxygen-enriching mechanism 7.Can be by regulation pipeline, valve controls water circular flow and Jet-flow oxygen increasing is imitated in breeding process
Rate.
Mixing wastewater with air ejector oxygen-enriching mechanism 7 is made up of aqueduct 71, airway 72 and air water mixing jet device 73, water guide
The water pipe head that pipe 71 one end separates with water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6 is connected, and the other end is passed through at the bottom of pond and mixing wastewater with air ejector 73
Water inlet connect, airway 72 one end be erected on the culturing pool water surface with contact air, the other end is passed through at the bottom of pond and gas
The air inlet of water mixing jet device D3 connects, water circulating pump 5 the pressurization water pumped out enters mixing wastewater with air through aqueduct 71 and penetrates
Stream device D73, at full speed spray from conical nozzle 731, swiftly flowing liquid by mixing wastewater with air room 733 time, can at air water
Mixing chamber 733 forms vacuum, airway 72 suck large quantity of air, after air enters mixing wastewater with air room 733, at trunnion 732
It is vigorously mixed with water, forms gas-water mixture and eject, both promoted water body flow exchange, completed again and the most efficiently increase
Oxygen.
As it is shown in figure 5, granule removal mechanism 8 includes vertical-flow settling box 81, by wherein circulation water-supply-pipe 6 near following
Ring water pump 5 one end taps out the joint of a band regulation valve 10 by reducer tee piece, then is communicated to sink through water inlet pipe by little
Cylinder conical bottom water inlet pipe 82 in the middle part of shallow lake bucket 81,81 barrels of wall upper ends of settling box are provided with overflow pipe 83, are adjusted by overflow pipe 83
Joint valve 10 controls overflow water outlet and flow in culturing pool 3, connects precipitation discharge pipe 84, discharge pipe 84 is provided with bottom settling box 81
One deposition floc sedimentation discharges regulation valve 10.In cultivating system running, control water by opening and regulate valve 10
Flow through the flow of settling box 81, thus control to be removed by settling box 81 sedimentation the speed of biological flocculation, and regulated by unlatching
Granule floc sedimentation more than needed periodically discharged by valve 10.
Embodiment 3
What the present embodiment provided utilizes the racetrack high density in embodiment 2 to close aquaculture system cultivation vannamei boone pair
Shrimp method, comprises the following steps:
(1) before shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, in culturing pool 3, introduce breeding water body by water inlet pipe 1, then start water circulating pump 5, will
Export through two water circulating pump water-supply-pipes 6 after part water body filtration in culturing pool 3 and pass through mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism 7
Eject in the way of air-water mixture from the bottom of culturing pool, form recirculated water in barrier wall 4 both sides in runway recognition pond 3
Stream, gives oxygen supply of water body simultaneously, and in water body, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is more than 4.0 mg/litre；
Particularly as follows: i.e. start water circulating pump 5 and run system after the water inlet of runway recognition pond, culturing pool through drainage rack and
Outlet pipe accesses water circulating pump 5, and water circulating pump 5 is gone out to divide and exported by two water circulating pump water-supply-pipes 6, then passes through water circulating pump
The multiple small-sized mixing wastewater with air ejector oxygen-enriching mechanism 7 connecting installation on water-supply-pipe 6 sprays with gas-vapor mix form bottom pond
Go out, drive water to circulate in raceway pond, give water oxygenation, culturing pool mean depth 0.7～1.2 meters, water body simultaneously
Being about 50～500 cubic metres, Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration controls as more than 4.0 mg/litre.
(2), when shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe 6, the flow of water body regulates the water in culturing pool
Rate of flow of fluid, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.01～0.06 meter per second, then puts shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed；
During particularly as follows: shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, drainage rack overcoat dress bolting silk net is 40 mesh apertures, and by valve on regulation pipeline
Reducing water circular flow and control water volume flow rate, water volume flow rate is suitably 0.01～0.06 meter per second, after 15～20 days, depends on
According to the size of juvenile prawn, changing bolting silk net is 10 mesh apertures, and prawn shrimp Seedling breeding density is suitably 200～800 tails/cubic meter of water
Body.
(3) when cultivating 1～30 day, brown sugar being dissolved in full pool spilling head after cultivation water, and adds probiotics, probiotics is with nitrification
Based on bacterium, one or more in compounding application lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and photosynthetic bacteria, culturing pool is formed biology
Floc sedimentation；
Particularly as follows: cultivate 1～30 day, press the 50% of feedstuff day feeding volume every day, weigh full pond after brown sugar is dissolved in water and sprinkle
Spilling, and periodically add probiotics, probiotics is based on nitrifier, in compounding application lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and photosynthetic bacteria
One or more, promote quickly being effectively formed, by the assimilation of heterotrophic bacteria, nitrification of biological flocculation in culturing pool water body
The microbial processes such as the Nitrification of bacterium carry out situ absorption and conversion to the ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body, nitrite etc., thus
Realize the Effective Regulation of culturing pool water quality.If ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen concentration occur more than 1.0 mg/litre, then corresponding increase is red
The input amount of sugar to the 100% of feedstuff day feeding volume, and by the usage amount of nitrifier on the basis of former appropriate improve 50～
150%.
(4), after shrimp Seedling cultivates 30 days, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, the flow of water body regulates in culturing pool
Water volume flow rate and oxygen supplement intensity, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.10～0.30 meter per second, dissolved oxygen concentration is 4.0～8.0 milligrams/
Rise, simultaneously the concentration of biological flocculation in detection breeding water body, when in breeding water body, the concentration of biological flocculation is more than 20.0 ml l
Time, remove unnecessary biological flocculation and other suspended particulate substances by granule removal mechanism, breeding process regulates biological flocculation
Concentration be 5.0～20.0 ml l；
Particularly as follows: after cultivating 30 days, increase penetrating of mixing wastewater with air ejector oxygen-enriching mechanism 7 by valve on regulation pipeline
Intensity of flow, to improve water volume flow rate and oxygen supplement intensity, it is ensured that fully the suspending and meet the dissolved oxygen of cultured prawn of biological flocculation
Demand, water volume flow rate is suitably 0.12～0.25 meter per second, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 5.0～7.0 mg/litre；Meanwhile, monitoring
Aqueous bio floc sedimentation concentration, if biological flocculation concentration occurs more than 20.0 ml l in culturing pool water body, opens regulation valve 10 also
The flow velocity of regulation water, by the settlement action of settling box 81 at bottom of the barrel sedimentary organism floc sedimentation, settling box 81 upper part is more clear
Water is in overflow pipe 83 automatic back flow to culturing pool, and the biological flocculation of settling box 81 bottom deposit is by opening regulation valve 10
Periodically discharge.Biological flocculation concentration is suitably 5.0～20.0 ml l；
(5) after 70～100 days cultivate, gather in the crops prawn, discharge breeding water body to draining from the discharge outlet 9 at the bottom of culturing pool
Pipe 2.
Embodiment 4
The racetrack high density in the present invention is used to close the reality that aquaculture system cultivates the method for Litopenaeus vannamei
Culture efficiency is as follows:
The present invention has carried out the cultivation application of the Litopenaeus vannamei of 2 years, actual breeding production in culture experiment base, Yangjiang
Situation is as shown in table 1.Wherein, the breeding water body volume in T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 pond is 100 cubic metres.Result shows, right
Shrimp breeding density 400～600 tails/cubic meter, cultivate 70～100 days, and cultured prawn specific yield is 5.80～7.08 kilograms/vertical
Side's rice, commercial sized prawn specification is 11.9～21.9 grams/fish, and survival rate is all more than 80%.Choose T2, T3 high-density breeding pond to carry out
Production cost is analyzed, and result is as shown in table 2, the operation production cost average out to 24.8 yuan of every kilogram of shrimp.
Table 1. Litopenaeus vannamei high-density breeding production effect
The average of single batch of 2.100 cubic metres of culturing pools of table cultivation runs production cost analysis
In the range of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, the embodiment above is merely to can be to this
Bright use process is described in detail, and has the production method of equal function and ins and outs to fall within present invention
A part.It is true that those skilled in the art are according to description above, it becomes possible to find different adjustment according to each needing
Scheme, these regulating measures or scheme all should be in the scope of the claims by the appended claims herein.
Claims (10)
1. racetrack high density closes an aquaculture system, including water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and some cultivation unit, Ruo Ganyang
One end connection growing unit has water inlet pipe, and opposite side connects outlet pipe, it is characterized in that: described cultivation unit includes racetrack
Culturing pool, barrier wall, water circulating pump, water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism, granule removal mechanism and draining
Mouthful, described runway recognition pond includes the long pool wall of a pair parallel setting, and a pair arc or semi-hexagonal short-pool wall,
Described barrier wall is arranged on the middle part in described runway recognition pond, and parallels setting with the long pool wall of described culturing pool, described
Water circulating pump is located therein the outside of a short-pool wall, and described water circulating pump water-supply-pipe is two, and every each along short-pool wall and length
Pool wall is arranged, and is connected by pipeline with the outlet of described water circulating pump, and described mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism is equal
On the even water circulating pump water-supply-pipe being disposed along the setting of long pool wall, described granule removal mechanism is arranged on outside described culturing pool
Portion and being connected with wherein water circulating pump water-supply-pipe arranged along short-pool wall, described discharge outlet is arranged on described culturing pool
Bottom, and be connected with described drain pipe.
Racetrack high density the most according to claim 1 closes aquaculture system, it is characterized in that: described runway recognition
At the bottom of the pond in pond, a short-pool wall direction near water circulating pump is downward-sloping wherein, and is formed deeply with short-pool wall, two long pool walls
Pool, described discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pond of described profundal zone, and is connected with described drain pipe by pipeline.
Racetrack high density the most according to claim 2 closes aquaculture system, it is characterized in that: the inclination at the bottom of described pond
Angle is 0.2～0.5 °.
Racetrack high density the most according to claim 1 closes aquaculture system, it is characterized in that: described runway recognition
The short-pool wall of the profundal zone in pond is provided with culturing pool water body pumping conduit, and one end that described extraction pipeline is positioned at culturing pool is provided with
Drainage screen, one end that described extraction pipeline is positioned at outside culturing pool is connected with the water inlet of described water circulating pump.
Racetrack high density the most according to claim 1 closes aquaculture system, it is characterized in that: described mixing wastewater with air
Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism includes aqueduct, airway and air water mixing jet device, and described aqueduct one end is defeated with described water circulating pump
Water pipe is connected, and the other end is connected with the water inlet of described mixing wastewater with air ejector, and described airway one end is connected with air
Logical, the other end is connected with the air inlet of described mixing wastewater with air ejector, the conical nozzle of described mixing wastewater with air ejector and larynx
Form mixing wastewater with air room between pipe, aqueduct the water and the air entered by airway that spray through nozzle mix in mixing wastewater with air room
Through being ejected by trunnion after conjunction, thus promote the water body flow in culturing pool and water oxygenation.
Racetrack high density the most according to claim 1 closes aquaculture system, it is characterized in that: described granule removes machine
Structure includes settling box, water inlet pipe, overflow pipe and precipitation discharge pipe, and described water inlet pipe one end is by pipeline and described recirculated water
A wherein water circulating pump water-supply-pipe of pump is connected, and the other end has flare openings and is passed through the middle lower section of described settling box,
Described overflow pipe one end is connected above described settling box, and the other end is connected with described culturing pool, described precipitation discharge pipe
It is positioned at the lower section of described settling box, is used for discharging precipitate.
7. close aquaculture system according to the racetrack high density described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that: described recirculated water
Pump out the pipeline that the mouth of a river is connected with described water circulating pump water-supply-pipe and be provided with regulation valve, described water inlet pipe and described recirculated water
The pipeline that pump is connected is provided with regulation valve, and described overflow pipe is provided with regulation valve, and described precipitation discharge pipe also is provided with regulation
Valve.
8. the racetrack high density that a kind utilizes described in any one of claim 1-7 closes the side of aquaculture system aquatic
Method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1), before seed is put in a suitable place to breed, in culturing pool, introduce breeding water body by water inlet pipe, then start water circulating pump, by culturing pool
In part water body filtration after export through two water circulating pump water-supply-pipes and pass through mixing wastewater with air Jet-flow oxygen increasing mechanism from culturing pool
The end, ejects in the way of air-water mixture, forms circulating water flow in the barrier wall both sides in runway recognition pond, feeds water simultaneously
Body oxygen supply, in water body, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is more than 4.0 mg/litre；
(2), when seed is put in a suitable place to breed, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, the flow of water body regulates the water body stream in culturing pool
Speed, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.01～0.06 meter per second, then puts Seedling；
(3) when cultivating 1～30 day, brown sugar being dissolved in full pool spilling head after cultivation water, and adds probiotics, probiotics with nitrifier is
Basis, coordinates one or more in lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and photosynthetic bacteria simultaneously, forms biology wadding in culturing pool
Group；
(4), after cultivating 30 days, in regulation culturing pool water circulating pump water-supply-pipe, the flow of water body regulates the water body stream in culturing pool
Speed and oxygen supplement intensity, wherein water volume flow rate is 0.10～0.30 meter per second, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 4.0～8.0 mg/litre, examines simultaneously
Survey the concentration of biological flocculation in breeding water body, when in breeding water body, the concentration of biological flocculation is more than 20.0 ml l, by
Grain removal mechanism removes unnecessary biological flocculation and other suspended particulate substances, and the concentration regulating biological flocculation in breeding process is
5.0～20.0 ml l；
(5) reach to list after specification, the Aquatic product economic animal of results cultivation, from the discharge outlet at the bottom of culturing pool discharge breeding water body to
Drain pipe.
Racetrack high density described in utilization the most according to claim 8 closes the side of aquaculture system aquatic
Method, is characterized in that: when described in step (2), seed is prawn, the density that every cubic metre of water body puts prawn shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed be 200～
800 tails.
Racetrack high density described in utilization the most according to claim 8 closes the side of aquaculture system aquatic
Method, is characterized in that: in step (3) feeding volume of brown sugar be every day feedstuff feeding amount 45～55%, when ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body
When being all higher than 1.0 mg/litre with the concentration of nitrite, increase brown sugar feeding volume be every day feedstuff feeding amount 95%～
105%.
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