CN106247639A - 太阳能空调热水器 - Google Patents
太阳能空调热水器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106247639A CN106247639A CN201610604768.9A CN201610604768A CN106247639A CN 106247639 A CN106247639 A CN 106247639A CN 201610604768 A CN201610604768 A CN 201610604768A CN 106247639 A CN106247639 A CN 106247639A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cements Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound 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[F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/005—Hot-water central heating systems combined with solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y02B10/24—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y02P80/156—
-
- Y02P80/24—
Abstract
本发明太阳能空调热水器由1、恒常压补、上水系统；2、2′阳台、窗户、玻璃幕墙单元；3、水‑水热交换器；3′、热水箱；4、常压、备用管道泵；5、用户用水系统；6、散热器、风机盘管；7、地热、机井系统；8、供暖系统；9、连通管伸缩器；①‑⑦、控制阀门构成。其把太阳能热水器、外墙装饰保温、室内温度控制‑空调器融为一体，能改善人类的生活、居住环境，提高人类生活质量，不再需要安装空调，且有充足的温热水供应，节约能源，减少氟化物、高碳燃料的污染，安装费用只有旧系统的60‑80％，寿命期内可以收回全部投资，拥有较好的经济社会效益。适用于不同地区各种形式的楼房，宾馆，厂房，住宅等等，特别是地下水源充足，且便于回灌的中小城市、城镇化建设区域最具优势，市场前景无限广阔。
Description
太阳能空调热水器
[0001]目前我国建筑已经增设了保温节能功能，把中国建筑推向了一个新台阶，但是，所采用的保温材料大部分都是易燃材料，而且不具备太阳能节能功能。太阳能热水器已经得到了广泛应用，在节能方面发挥了应有作用，但是，在建筑领域中没有发挥其应有功能。为此，我们发明了太阳能中空玻璃保温装饰器，专利申请号:201410364647.2，把太阳能热水器、外墙装饰保温、室内温度控制、节能环保融为一体，在建筑行业中将发挥巨大作用。本发明太阳能空调热水器增设了采暖、地热、雨水利用、回灌系统，性能大幅提高;通过综合控制，使建筑物温度控制在15〜28 °C范围之内，根据需要扩展到20〜25 °C范围，并有充足的温、热水供应，从而彻底摆脱空调器的困扰，而且适用于从南到北各种气候条件，各种建筑，如宿舍、办公楼、宾馆、厂房、写字楼的玻璃幕墙、阳台封装，窗户封装，使房间四季如春，让人类像住进水晶宫一样，生活质量大幅提高，成本却只有旧式设施的60〜80%，寿命期内可以收回全部投资。在上述基础上本发明功能大幅提高，使之广泛扩展到了低层建筑、窗户面积较小的建筑，将在农村城镇化、三线小城镇发挥巨大作用
[0002]太阳能空调热水器示意图如图1含1-1所示:
[0003]图1、太阳能空调热水器示意图。图1中:1、恒常压补、上水系统;2、2'阳台、窗户、玻璃幕墙单元;3、水-水热交换器;37、热水箱;4、常压、备用管道栗;5、用户用水系统;6、散热器、风机盘管;7、地热、机井系统;8、供暖系统;9、连通管伸缩器;①-⑦、控制阀门。1-1、①-⑦采用电磁阀时的电气控制示意图，1-1中…、电源;①-⑦、7、8与上相同。
[0004]其中2、2'所采用的玻璃板为太阳能中空玻璃幕墙板，简称幕墙板，如图2、图3所示。图2、普通中空玻璃板型幕墙板示意图，图中，2-1、外板，由透光度好、反光率低的钢化玻璃板制作，尽量减少与外部空气界面间的反射，避免造成光学污染;2-2、内板，由无放射性玻璃制作;2-3、密封玻璃条;2-4、进、出水口底座;2-5、加强筋，由玻璃条制作。图3、太阳能中空玻璃板型幕墙板示意图，图中，3-1、3-2、3-3、3-4、3-5分别与2-1〜2-5相同；3-6、高选择性吸光生热涂层，外涂防水、防腐涂层对其进行保护;3-7、保温层。图3所示的太阳能中空玻璃幕墙板采用固定安装式;2'适用于窗户较小，采光面积富余量不大的建筑单元。
[0005]图3所示幕墙板所用的连通管如示意图4所示。图4、连通管示意图，其中4-1、幕墙板间连通管;4-2、幕墙板与外管间连通管。
[0006]幕墙板通过连通管相互连接，使幕墙板的夹层到上部出水管座，进入热水管，向下到水-水热交换器3，以及与其并联、选用其一的热水箱3'，再从它们下部出水管进入冷水管，经阀门①管道系统以及与其并联、选用其一的阀门②、散热器6系统、从下部进水管座回到幕墙板夹层，形成一条带分支的空间循环通道系统。
[0007]采用水、水热交换器的空间通道系统只与阀门①配套安装、使用，安装在面南、日照时间较长的方位，其主动部分连入系统，注入软水、调色软水，循环加热，并把热量传递给被动系统;被动系统由无污染、无毒材料构成，向用户供水，供洗浴、饮用等。
[0008]其太阳能节能功能是这样实现的:系统充满水后，幕墙板外板内表面高选择性吸光生热涂层，如图3所示，吸收太阳光转化来的热量加热水;没有涂层的幕墙板，如图2所示，其夹层中的水直接接受阳光照射，进行加热;热水自动上升，从幕墙板的出水口流出，沿热水管进入水、水热交换器3;加热的热源水在热交换器主动系统中把热量传导给被动系统-用户用水系统中的承热水，给承热水加热供用户做饭、烧开水、洗澡、洗菜等，同时热源水温度降低变冷，冷水自动下降又给热源水增加了一个推力，使热源水循环力量加强，循环更加通畅;热源水变冷后经冷水管，再从幕墙板进水口进入幕墙板，自动循环加热;反复循环，充分吸收太阳光的热量，逐渐把水加热；热水供用户使用，同时减少、杜绝室外太阳光的热能向房屋内扩散，以降低室内温度，保持室内温度不受、少受室外温度影响，称之为太阳能模式运行。
[0009]恒常压补水箱I用来维持幕墙板承受恒定不变的微弱压力，和补水功能。新建楼房安装时在阳台靠近卫生间、厨房一端500mm内，地板提高500mm，加门隔断。
[0010]其保温功能是这样实现的:冬季打开排水阀，把幕墙板中的水排空，利用空气是热的不良导体性能，同时，吸光生热涂层把太阳光转化为热能，对夹层中的空气加热，以减少室内外热量流通，起到室内保温作用，称之为保温节能功能模式运行。采用哪种模式运行，用户根据气候条件自己选择。
[0011]采用热水箱的系统不用水、水热交换器，安装在面北日照时间较短的部位，散热器系统6安装在整个建筑单元相应部位。
[0012]其空调功能是这样实现的:运行根据不同地区、不同气候条件，开启6与7、或者6与8，通过阀门①-⑦的不同配置按时段选用，大体分6个时段:夏天①、⑥与7配套使用(北方地区用自来水，加阀门③代替7，此时地热水供水经暖气片乘凉降温，再经⑥进入I，经太阳能热水器系统循环加热，供应热水。早春、仲秋②、⑤配用，此时自来水不经暖气片直进I，太阳能热水器系统连同暖气散热器循环加热，供热水。三九极寒季节、北部极寒地区，采用⑤、
①、⑦、8、④配用，此时暖气系统与太阳能热水器系统分别单独使用。同样伏天、南方极热地区采用⑤、①、⑦、7配用，(南方地区免用暖气系统8)，此时地热、太阳能分路单独使用。注意
②与7、8不能配用。通过阀门自动控制，使单元内温度冬季15°C，夏季28°C为宜。①-⑦采用电磁阀时，电气安装示意图如1-1所示。
[0013]郑州及类似气候条件地区，实现集中供热的地方，供热单位可以增加地热系统，夏季一条管道送地热水，另一条管道逆程回灌雨水;冬季仍用单管道供热水，这样供热单位不但开源了新的经营项目，而且雨水利用还可以降低经营成本。此时④排水直接与逆程(回灌)管道连接，不再进入雨水井中。极寒季节，旧房改造，未安装集中供热的用户，热水箱采用电加热式，在大雪天气，太阳能热水供应不能满足需要时可以开启热水箱(管道栗)，②、⑤配用供应热水。不要使用煤火炉取暖。
[0014]雨水利用系统，新建楼房见屋顶太阳能中空玻璃节能保温设施，发明专利申请号:201410418349.7，在顶梁上做雨水沟；旧房改造是房顶加强防水设施，形成一个屋顶水箱，原雨水管改造后接入补水箱I，代替自来水、地热水等向系统供水。有雨水时，原进水自动关闭，雨水停后，原进水自动打开，恢复正常运行;在高于该水管口 10mm上方引出新雨水管接入散热器回水管道阀门⑦后方，雨水位高于10mm时，向机井回灌雨水;冬季雨水利用意义不大，打开阀门④回灌雨水。采用自身清洁除污型便器节水箱，发明专利申请号:201410244426.1，的建筑，在新下水管进水口下方，再增加一个出水口，其内径上边缘与新下水管进水口内径下边缘等高，一路管道接入节水箱，节约用水。
[0015]安装使用:安装使用完全按照有关规范进行。本发明有两种安装形式，图1中窗户为移动安装式，移动安装式采用同侧两个进出水口，直接加固密封在窗户框架上。其他部分为固定安装式，固定安装式采用对角两个进出水口，固定支架安装，幕墙板相互间、与固定支架间用密封垫、防水密封胶加固密封。
[0016]适用范围:适用于不同地区各种形式、各种用途的楼房，如写字楼，宾馆，厂房，住宅等等，特别是地下水源充足，且便于回灌的地方，如一些中小城市、农村城镇化建设区域最具优势。
[0017]效益预估:社会效益:1、太阳能利用，节约能源;2、空调功能，让建筑内四季如春，淘汰室内空调设施，进一步节约了能源，并避免了空调室外机向室外排放热量，炎热夏季，形成恶性循环;3、冬季保温功能。如果一个城市大量安装这种设施，夏季会降低室外温度，生活环境出现良性循环，大量节约能源，改善人类生活环境，提高人类生活质量。4、减少氟化物、高碳燃料污染。
[0018]经济效益:1、安装费用是安装太阳能热水器+室内空调器+双层玻璃窗户，阳台封装费用的60-80%，运行维护费用，产生的效益都优于老式设施。2、提供较大量的温热水，改善人类生活质量，3，节能费用寿命期内可以收回全部投资。
[0019]市场前景:由于该产品生产制作、安装维护、操作使用简单方便，用材丰富、价格低廉，拥有较好的经济效益和社会效益，用户会喜欢使用。如果能得到城市有关部门的支持，把城市变成“水晶宫”，市场前景不可限量。太阳能空调热水器的生产将会成为一个新兴产业而崭露头角。
Claims (5)
1.由1、恒常压补、上水系统;2、2'阳台、窗户玻璃幕墙单元;3、水、水热交换器;3'、热水箱;4、常压、备用管道栗;5、用户用水系统;6、散热器、风机盘管;7、地热、机井系统;8、供暖系统;9、连通管伸缩器;①-⑦、控制阀门构成的太阳能空调热水器其特征在于:2、2'阳台、窗户、玻璃幕墙单元所采用的玻璃板为太阳能中空玻璃幕墙板，简称幕墙板，其有两种结构，一种是普通中空玻璃板型，由2-1、外板;透光度好、反光率低的钢化玻璃板制作，尽量减少与外部空气界面间的反射，避免造成光学污染;2-2、内板:无放射性玻璃制作；2-3、密封玻璃条;2-4进、出水口底座;2-5、加强筋由玻璃条制作。另一种是太阳能中空玻璃板型，由与2-1〜2-5分别相同的3-1〜3-5，以及3-6、高选择性吸光生热涂层，外涂防水、防腐涂层对其进行保护;3-7、保温层。幕墙板通过连通管相互连接，使幕墙板的夹层到上部出水管座，进入热水管，向下到水-水热交换器3，以及与其并联、选用其一的热水箱3'，再从它们下部出水管进入冷水管，经阀门①管道系统以及与其并联、选用其一的阀门②、散热器6系统、从下部进水管座回到幕墙板夹层，形成一条带分支的空间循环通道系统。
2.权利要求1所述的太阳能空调热水器其特征在于:采用水、水热交换器3的空间通道系统只与阀门①系统配套安装、使用，安装在面南、日照时间较长的方位，其太阳能节能功能是这样实现的:系统充满水后，幕墙板外板内表面高选择性吸光生热涂层吸收太阳光转化来的热量加热水，没有涂层的幕墙板，其夹层中的水直接接受阳光照射，进行加热；热水自动上升，从幕墙板的出水口流出，沿热水管进入水、水热交换器，加热的热源水在热交换器主动系统中把热量传导给被动系统-用户用水系统中的承热水，给承热水加热，同时热源水温度降低变冷，冷水自动下降又给热源水增加了一个推力，使热源水循环力量加强，循环更加通畅，热源水变冷后经冷水管，再从幕墙板进水口进入幕墙板，自动循环加热，充分吸收太阳光的热量，逐渐把承热水加热供用户使用，同时减少、杜绝室外热能向房屋内扩散，以降低室内温度，保持室内温度不受、少受室外温度影响，称之为太阳能模式运行。
3.权利要求1所述的太阳能空调热水器其特征在于:其保温功能是这样实现的:冬季打开排水阀，把幕墙板中的水排空，利用空气是热的不良导体性能，同时，吸光生热涂层把太阳光转化为热能，对夹层中的空气加热，以减少室内外热量流通，起到室内保温作用，称之为保温节能功能模式运行。
4.权利要求1所述的太阳能空调热水器其特征在于:采用热水箱的系统不用水、水热交换器，安装在面北日照时间较短的部位，散热器系统6安装在整个建筑单元相应部位。其运行根据不同地区、不同气候条件通过阀门①-⑦的不同配置按时段选用，使建筑单元内温度保持在15-28 °C，实现其空调功能。
5.权利要求1所述的太阳能空调热水器其特征在于:雨水利用系统，新建楼房在顶梁上做雨水沟；旧房改造是在房顶加强防水设施，形成一个屋顶水箱，原雨水管改造后接入补水箱1，代替自来水、地热水等向系统供水。有雨水时，原进水自动关闭，雨水停后，原进水自动打开，恢复正常运行;在高于该水管口 10mm上方引出新雨水管接入散热器回水管道阀门⑦后方，雨水位高于10mm时，向机井回灌雨水；冬季雨水利用意义不大，打开阀门④回灌雨水。采用自身清洁除污型便器节水箱的建筑，在新下水管进水口下方再增加一个出水口，一路管道接入节水箱，节约用水。
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| CN201885443U (zh) * | 2010-06-06 | 2011-06-29 | 唐伯石 | 能融入阳台护栏和玻璃幕墙中的太阳能热水器 |
| CN102207317A (zh) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-10-05 | 周存文 | 太阳能空调冷暖综合供给系统 |
| CN202452712U (zh) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-09-26 | 常州欧贝太阳能科技有限公司 | 集中式太阳能热水系统 |
| CN105220736A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-01-06 | 宋焕冉 | 自身清洁除污型便器节水箱 |
| CN105317141A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 宋焕冉 | 太阳能中空玻璃保温装饰器 |
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| CN201885443U (zh) * | 2010-06-06 | 2011-06-29 | 唐伯石 | 能融入阳台护栏和玻璃幕墙中的太阳能热水器 |
| CN102207317A (zh) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-10-05 | 周存文 | 太阳能空调冷暖综合供给系统 |
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